JP2007504136A - ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化利尿化合物、組成物、ならびに使用方法 - Google Patents
ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化利尿化合物、組成物、ならびに使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2007504136A JP2007504136A JP2006524731A JP2006524731A JP2007504136A JP 2007504136 A JP2007504136 A JP 2007504136A JP 2006524731 A JP2006524731 A JP 2006524731A JP 2006524731 A JP2006524731 A JP 2006524731A JP 2007504136 A JP2007504136 A JP 2007504136A
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- nitrosated
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- nitrosylated
- compound
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Classifications
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Abstract
Description
本発明は新規のニトロソ化および/もしくはニトロシル化利尿化合物または薬学的に許容されるその塩、ならびに少なくとも一つのニトロソ化および/またはニトロシル化利尿化合物、任意で、少なくとも一つの酸化窒素供与体および/または少なくとも一つの治療薬を含む新規の組成物について記述する。本発明は同様に、任意でニトロソ化および/またはニトロシル化されてもよい少なくとも一つの本発明の利尿化合物、任意で、少なくとも一つの酸化窒素供与体化合物および/または少なくとも一つの治療薬を含む新規の組成物およびキットを提供する。本発明は同様に、(a) 水分過多および/または電解質滞留から生じる状態を治療する; (b) 心血管疾患を治療する; (c) 腎血管性疾患を治療する; (d) 糖尿病を治療する; (e) 酸化ストレスから生じる疾患を治療する; (f) 内皮機能障害を治療する; (g) 内皮機能障害によって引き起こされる疾患を治療する; (h) 肝硬変を治療する; (j) 子癇前症を治療する; (k) 骨粗鬆症を治療する; および(l) 腎症を治療する方法を提供する。
本出願は、米国特許法第119条のもと、2003年8月28日付けで出願した米国特許出願第60/498,309号の優先権、および2004年1月12日付けで出願した米国特許出願第60/535,542号の優先権を主張する。
過去30年間にわたる米国での心血管系の罹患率および死亡率の減少は、心血管疾患の機構および治療戦略に関する研究の飛躍的な進歩の結果であった。心筋梗塞の発生率と有病率および心筋梗塞による死亡、ならびに脳血管障害による死亡は、主としてこれらの非常によく見られる疾患の予防、早期診断および治療の進歩によって、この間に著しく減少した。
本発明は少なくとも一つのNOおよび/またはNO2基で置換(すなわち、ニトロシル化および/またはニトロソ化)された新規の利尿化合物、ならびに薬学的に許容されるその塩を提供する。この心血管化合物は酸素(ヒドロキシル縮合)、硫黄(スルフヒドリル縮合)および/または窒素などの一つまたは複数の部位を介してニトロソ化および/またはニトロシル化されることができる。本発明は同様に、薬学的に許容される担体中に本明細書において記述される新規の化合物を含んだ組成物を提供する。
本開示の全体を通して用いられる下記の用語は、特に記載がないかぎり、下記の意味を有すると理解されるべきである。
式中、
X2は-C(O)-または-S(O)2であり;
Y2は水素、塩素またはCF3であり;
-V2-U2-W2-は以下であり、
(i) -N(D1)-(C(Ro)(Rp))-N(D1)-;
(ii) -N=C(Ro))-N(D1)-; または
(iii) -N(D1)-(C(Ro)(Rp))-N(Ro)-;
RoおよびRpは各出現時において独立して水素、低級アルキル基、置換アルキル基、ベンジル基、アリール基、アルキルアリール基、-CH2-S-CH-CH=CH2; -CH2-S-CF3または-CH2-S-CH2-C6H5であり;
D1は水素、V3またはKであり;
Kは-(W3)a-Eb-(C(Re)(Rf))p1-Ec-(C(Re)(Rf))x-(W3)d-(C(Re)(Rf))y-(W3)i-Ej-(W3)g-(C(Re)(Rf))z-U3-V3であり;
V3は-NOまたは-NO2であり;
a、b、c、d、g、i、およびjは、各々独立に0〜3の整数であり;
p1、x、y、およびzは、各々独立に0〜10の整数であり;
W3は、各出現時において独立して-C(O)-、-C(S)-、-T3-、-(C(Re)(Rf))h-、アルキル基、アリール基、複素環、アリール複素環、または-(CH2CH2O)q1-であり;
Eは、各出現時において独立して-T3-、アルキル基、アリール基、-(C(Re)(Rf))h-、複素環、アリール複素環、または-(CH2CH2O)q1-であり;
T3は、各出現時において独立して共有結合、カルボニル、酸素、-S(O)0-または-N(Ra)Ri;
hは、1〜10の整数であり;
q1は、1〜5の整数であり;
ReおよびRfは、各々独立に水素、アルキル、シクロアルコキシ、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシ、ヒドロキシアルキル、アルコキシアルキル、アリール複素環、アルキルアリール、アルキルシクロアルキル、アルキル複素環、シクロアルキルアルキル、シクロアルキルチオ、アリールアルキルチオ、アリールアルキルチオアルキル、アルキルチオアルキル、シクロアルケニル、複素環アルキル、アルコキシ、ハロアルコキシ、アミノ、アルキルアミノ、ジアルキルアミノ、アリールアミノ、ジアリールアミノ、アルキルアリールアミノ、アルコキシハロアルキル、スルホン酸、スルホン酸エステル、アルキルスルホン酸、アリールスルホン酸、アリールアルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アリールチオ、シアノ、アミノアルキル、アミノアリール、アリール、アリールアルキル、アルキルアリール、カルボキサミド、アルキルカルボキサミド、アリールカルボキサミド、アミジル、カルボキシル、カルバモイル、アルキルカルボン酸、アリールカルボン酸、アルキルカルボニル、アリールカルボニル、エステル、カルボン酸エステル、アルキルカルボン酸エステル、アリールカルボン酸エステル、スルホンアミド、アルキルスルホンアミド、アリールスルホンアミド、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルスルホニルオキシ、アリールスルホニル、アリールスルホニルオキシ、スルホン酸エステル、アルキルエステル、アリールエステル、尿素、ホスホリル、ニトロ、Kであり、またはReおよびRfはこれらが結合している炭素と一緒になってカルボニル、メタンチアル、複素環、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、オキシム、ヒドラゾン、または架橋シクロアルキル基を形成し;
U3は、各出現時において独立して酸素、S(O)0-、または-N(Ra)Riであり;
oは、0〜2の整数であり;
Raは、孤立電子対、水素、またはアルキル基であり;
Riは、水素、アルキル、アリール、アルキルカルボン酸、アリールカルボン酸、アルキルカルボン酸エステル、アリールカルボン酸エステル、アルキルカルボキサミド、アリールカルボキサミド、アルキルアリール、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルスルホニルオキシ、アリールスルフィニル、アリールスルホニル、アリールスルホニルオキシ、スルホンアミド、カルボキサミド、カルボン酸エステル、アミノアルキル、アミノアリール、-CH2-C(U3-V3)(Re)(Rf)、隣接原子と二重結合を形成する隣接原子との結合、式中、M1 +は有機または無機陽イオンである-(N2O2-)-・M1 +であり;
式(I)の化合物が少なくとも一つのNO基、および/または少なくとも一つのNO2基を含まなければならないという条件で、式中少なくとも一つのNO基および/または少なくとも一つのNO2基は、酸素原子、窒素原子または硫黄原子を介してアンギオテンシンIIアンタゴニストに連結される。
式中、
X4は以下であり、
(i)
;
(ii)
;
(iii)
;
(iv)
;
(v) -S(O)2-N(D)(D1);
(vi)
;
(g) -C(O)-O-D; または
(h)
;
Z4は以下であり、
(i) 水素;
(ii)
;
(iii) -N=C(H)-C(H)=C(OD)(CH3);
(iv) -S(O)2-N(D1)-CH2-CH=CH2;
(v) -NH(D1);
(vi) -CH3; または
(vii) -OD1
Y4は以下であり、
(i) Y2; または
(ii)
;
W4は以下であり、
(i) 水素;
(ii)
; または
(iii) -N(D1)-(CH2)3-CH3;
DはV3またはKであり;
V4はチオール基または酸素原子であり; および
D1、Y2、V3およびKは本明細書において規定されるとおりであり; ならびに
式(II)のニトロソ化および/またはニトロシル化利尿化合物が少なくとも一つのNO基、および/または少なくとも一つのNO2基を含まなければならないという条件で、式中少なくとも一つのNO基および/または少なくとも一つのNO2基は酸素原子、窒素原子または硫黄原子を介して利尿化合物に連結される。
式中、
X3は以下であり、
(i)
; または
(ii)
;
Kは本明細書において規定されるとおりであり; ならびに
式(III)のニトロソ化および/またはニトロシル化利尿化合物が少なくとも一つのNO基、および/または少なくとも一つのNO2基を含まなければならないという条件で、式中少なくとも一つのNO基および/または少なくとも一つのNO2基は酸素原子、窒素原子または硫黄原子を介して利尿化合物に連結される。
R4およびR4'は各出現時において独立して水素、低級アルキル基、-OH、-CH2OH、-ONO2、-NO2もしくは-CH2ONO2であり; またはR4およびR4'はこれらが結合している炭素原子と一緒になってシクロアルキル基もしくは複素環であり;
Vは-C(O)-T-、-T-C(O)-、-T-C(O)-TまたはT-C(O)-C(O)-Tであり;
Wは共有結合またはカルボニル基であり;
Tは各出現時において独立して酸素、(S(O)0)0またはNRjであり;
Rjは水素、アルキル基、アリール基、複素環、アルキルカルボニル基、アルキルアリール基、アルキルスルフィニル基、アルキルスルホニル基、アリールスルフィニル基、アリールスルホニル基、スルホンアミド基、N-アルキルスルホンアミド基、N,N-ジアリールスルホンアミド基、N-アリールスルホンアミド基、N-アルキル-N-アリールスルホンアミド基、カルボキサミド基またはヒドロキシル基であり;
pは各出現時において独立して1から6の整数であり;
qは各出現時において独立して1から3の整数であり;
oは各出現時において独立して0から2の整数であり;
Yは独立して共有結合、カルボニル、酸素、-S(O)O-または-NRjであり;
Bはフェニルまたは(CH2)Oのいずれかであり;
Q'はシクロアルキル基、複素環またはアリール基であり;
Zは(=O)、(=N-OR5)、(=N-NR5R'5)または(=CR5R'5)であり;
MおよびM'はそれぞれ独立して-O-H3N+-(CR4R'4)q-CH2ONO2または-T-(CR4R'4)o-CH2ONO2であり; ならびに
R5およびR5'は各出現時において独立して水素、ヒドロキシル基、アルキル基、アリール基、アルキルスルホニル基、アリールスルホニル基、カルボン酸エステル、アルキルカルボニル基、アリールカルボニル基、カルボキサミド基、アルコキシアルキル基、アルコキシアリール基、シクロアルキル基または複素環である。
式中、
Y'は共有結合、カルボニル、酸素、-S(O)O-または-NR6であり;
T'は酸素、硫黄またはNR6であり;
X5は酸素、(S(O)o)oまたはNR6であり;
R6は水素、低級アルキル基、アリール基であり;
R7は低級アルキル基またはアリール基であり;
R8は各出現時において独立して水素、ヒドロキシル基、低級アルキル基、アリール基、-NO2、-CH2-ONO2または-CH2-OHであり;
n'およびm'はそれぞれ独立して0から10の整数であり; ならびに
oは0から2の整数である。
ここで、式(IV)の化合物は以下であり、
式中結合a-bは単結合(ヒドロクロロチアジド)または二重結合(クロロチアジド)であってよく;
および式(V)の化合物は以下であり、
および式(VI)の化合物は以下であり、
式中、
T'は酸素、硫黄またはNR6であり;
R6は水素、低級アルキル基、アリール基であり;
Rm-Rnは一緒になって水素原子であってよく; または
Rmは以下であり、
(i) -C-(O)-;
(ii) -C-(O)-NR6;
(iii) -C(O)-O-;
(iv) -C(O)-S;
(v) -CH2-O-; または
(vi) -CH(CH3)-O-;
Rnは以下であり、
水素または
式中、
R9は低級アルキル基であり;
T'は酸素、硫黄またはNR6であり;
R6は水素、低級アルキル基、アリール基であり;
但し式(IV)、(V)および(VI)の化合物は少なくとも一つの-NO2基を含まなければならない。
(N-(2-(ニトロオキシ)エチル)カルバモイル)メチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
(N-メチル-N-(2-(ニトロオキシ)エチル)カルバモイル)メチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
2-(4-((ニトロオキシ)メチル)ピペリジル)-2-オキソエチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
2-(4-(2-(ニトロオキシ)エチル)ピペリジル)-2-オキソエチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
2-(4-(2-(ニトロオキシ)エチル)ピペラジニル)-2-オキソエチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
2-(4-(2-(ニトロオキシ)エチル)ピペラジニル)-2-オキソエチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート、塩酸塩;
2-(4-(2-(ニトロオキシ)エチル)ピペラジニル)-2-オキソエチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート、クエン酸塩;
(N-エチル-N-(2-(ニトロオキシ)エチル)カルバモイル)メチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
(N-((1S)-3-(ニトロオキシ)-1-((ニトロオキシ)メチル)プロピル)カルバモイル)メチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
2-((2R)-2-((ニトロオキシ)メチル)ピロリジニル)-2-オキソエチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
(N-((1R)-1-((ニトロオキシ)メチル)プロピル)カルバモイル)メチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
(N-((2S)-2-(ニトロオキシ)プロピル)カルバモイル)メチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
(N-((2R)-2,3-ビス(ニトロオキシ)プロピル)カルバモイル)メチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
2-クロロ-4-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-((4-(ニトロオキシ)ピペリジル)カルボニル)ベンゼンスルホンアミド;
2-((4-クロロ-6-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-3-スルファモイルフェニル)カルボニルアミノ)エチル(2S)-1-15N-ニトロソ-ピロリジン-2-カルボキシレート;
2-(4-クロロ-6-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-3-スルファモイルフェニルカルボニルオキシ)エチル2-(ニトロオキシ)エチルブタン-1,4-ジオエート; および
((2R)-1-ニトロソピロリジン-2-イル)メチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート。
(i)HS(C(Rc)(Rf))mSNO、
(ii)ONS(C(Re)(Rf))mRe、または
(iii)H2N-CH(CO2H)-(CH2)m-C(O)NH-CH(CH2SNO)-C(O)NH-CH2-CO2H
式中、
mは、2〜20の整数であり;
ReおよびRfは、各々独立に水素、アルキル、シクロアルコキシ、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシ、ヒドロキシアルキル、アルコキシアルキル、アリール複素環、アルキルアリール、アルキルシクロアルキル、アルキル複素環、シクロアルキルアルキル、シクロアルキルチオ、アリールアルキルチオ、アリールアルキルチオアルキル、アルキオチオアルキル、シクロアルケニル、複素環アルキル、アルコキシ、ハロアルコキシ、アミノ、アルキルアミノ、ジアルキルアミノ、アリールアミノ、ジアリールアミノ、アルキルアリールアミノ、アルコキシハロアルキル、スルホン酸、スルホン酸エステル、アルキルスルホン酸、アリールスルホン酸、アリールアルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アリールチオ、シアノ、アミノアルキル、アミノアリール、アリール、アリールアルキル、アルキルアリール、カルボキサミド、アルキルカルボキサミド、アリールカルボキサミド、アミジル、カルボキシル、カルバモイル、アルキルカルボン酸、アリールカルボン酸、アルキルカルボニル、アリールカルボニル、エステル、カルボン酸エステル、アルキルカルボン酸エステル、アリールカルボン酸エステル、スルホンアミド、アルキルスルホンアミド、アリールスルホンアミド、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルスルホニルオキシ、アリールスルホニル、アリールスルホニルオキシ、スルホン酸エステル、アルキルエステル、アリールエステル、尿素、ニトロ、Kであり、またはReおよびRfはこれらが結合している炭素と一緒になってカルボニル、メタンチアル、複素環、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、オキシム、ヒドラゾンもしくは架橋シクロアルキル基を形成し;
Kは-(W3)a-Eb-(C(Rc)(Rf))p1-Ec-(C(Re)(Rf))x-(W3)d-(C(Re)(Rf))y-(W3)i-Ej-(W3)g-(C(Re)(Rf))z-U3-V3であり;
V3は-NOまたは-NO2であり;
a、b、c、d、g、iおよびjはそれぞれ独立して0から3の整数であり;
p1、x、yおよびzはそれぞれ独立して0から10の整数であり;
W3は各出現時において独立して-C(O)-、-C(S)-、-T3-、-(C(Re)(Rf))h-、アルキル基、アリール基、複素環、芳香族複素環、または-(CH2CH2O)ql-であり;
Eは各出現時において独立して-T3-、アルキル基、アリール基、-(C(Re)(Rf))h-、複素環、芳香族複素環、または-(CH2CH2O)ql-であり;
T3は各出現時において独立して共有結合、カルボニル、酸素、-S(O)o-または-N(Ra)Riであり;
hは1から10の整数であり;
q1は1から5の整数であり;
U3は各出現時において独立して共有結合、カルボニル、酸素、-S(O)o-または-N(Ra)Rjであり;
oは0から2の整数であり;
Raは孤立電子対、水素またはアルキル基であり;
Riは水素、アルキル、アリール、アルキルカルボン酸、アリールカルボン酸、アルキルカルボン酸エステル、アリールカルボン酸エステル、アルキルカルボキサミド、アリールカルボキサミド、アルキルアリール、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルスルホニルオキシ、アリールスルフィニル、アリールスルホニル、アリールスルホニルオキシ、スルホンアミド、カルボキサミド、カルボン酸エステル、アミノアルキル、アミノアリール、-CH2-C(U3-V3)(Rc)(Rf)、隣接原子との結合であってその原子に二重結合をもたらす結合、式中M1 +は有機または無機陽イオンである-(N2O2-)-・M1 +である。
ACS登録番号
の化合物等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されることはない。適当なアンギオテンシンIIアンタゴニストは文献の中に、例えば、Goodman and Gilman, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (第9版), McGraw-Hill, 1995、ならびにCD-ROM, 第13版のおよびSTN Express, file phar and file registryのMerck Indexの中に詳細に記述されている。
式中、a、bおよびcは独立して単結合または二重結合であり; R1およびR2はそれぞれ独立して水素、アルキル、エステルまたは複素環であって、アルキル、エステルおよび複素環は本明細書において規定されるとおりであり; R3およびR4はそれぞれ独立して孤立電子対または水素であり、但しR1、R2、R3およびR4の少なくとも一つは水素ではない。典型的なヒドララジン化合物としては、ブドララジン、カドララジン、ジヒドララジン、エンドララジン、ヒドララジン、ピルドララジン、トドララジン等が挙げられる。適当なヒドララジン化合物は文献の中に、例えば、Goodman and Gilman, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (第9版), McGraw-Hill, 1995、ならびにCD-ROM, 第13版のおよびSTN Express, file phar and file registryのMerck Indexの中に詳細に記述されている。
A-X-NO2
(VII)
式中、
A = R(COX)t;
tは整数0または1であり;
X = 酸素、NHまたはNR1c;
R1cはC1からC10の原子を有する直鎖または分枝アルキルであり;
A = R(COX)tにおいてt = 1の場合; Rは以下のV Ad1 (ブメタニド)、V Ad2 (チクリナフェン)、V Ad3 (エタクリン酸)およびV Ad4 (ピレタニド)からなる群より選択され、
A = R(COX)tにおいてt = 0の場合; A = R(COX)t; Rは以下のVAe1 (トリパミド)、V Ae2 (トルセミド)、V Ae3 (アゾセミド)、V Ae4 (ベンドロフルメチアヂド)、V Ae5 (クロロチアジド)、V Ae6 (ヒドロクロロチアジド)、V Ae7 (メチクロチアジド)、V Ae8 (クロルタリドン)、V Ae8 (インダパミド)、V Ae10 (メトラゾン)、V Ae11 (キネタゾン)およびVAel2 (フロセミド)からなる群より選択され、
式A-X1-NO2においてX1は以下から選択される二価の架橋である:
(i) -Y''O
式中Y''は好ましくは2から5個の炭素原子を有する直鎖状のもしくは可能な限り分枝上のC1〜C20アルキレンまたは5から7個の炭素原子を有する任意で置換されたシクロアルキレンである;
(ii)
式中n3は0から3の整数である;
(iii)
;
(iv)
式中nf'は1から6の整数、好ましくは2から4の整数である;
(v)
式中R1fは水素またはメチル基であり; および
nf'は本明細書において規定されるとおりである。
実施例1: (N-(2-(ニトロオキシ)エチル)カルバモイル)メチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート
1a. エチル2-(4-クロロ-6-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-3-スルファモイルフェニルカルボニルオキシ)-アセテート
フロセミド(ONBIO Inc., 20 g, 60.5 mmol)、K2CO3 (8.3 g, 60.5 mmol)およびブロモ酢酸エチル(10.1 g, 6.7 mL, 60.5 mmol)の乾燥アセトン(400 mL)混合液を室温で16時間撹拌した。溶媒を減圧下で蒸発させた。残渣をCH2Cl2で希釈し、固形物K2CO3を濾過によって除去した。濾液を水、塩水で洗浄し、Na2SO4で乾燥させた。溶媒の蒸発後に得られた残渣を真空下で乾燥させて表題の化合物(23.5 g, 収率93%)を白色の泡状物として得た。Mp 46℃。
水酸化リチウム(1.78 g, 74.5 mmol)、実施例1aの生成物(23 g, 55.2 mmol)、テトラヒドロフラン(120 mL)および水(23 mL)の混合液を室温で16時間撹拌した。溶媒の蒸発後に得られた残渣を水に溶解し、EtOAcで洗浄した。水層を10%クエン酸(pH 〜5)で酸性化し、EtOAcで抽出し、合わせた有機抽出液をNa2SO4で乾燥させた。濾過および蒸発後の残渣をシリカゲルのクロマトグラフにかけCH2Cl2:EtOAc:MeOH (1:1:0.1)で溶出して、表題の化合物(15 g, 収率70%)を白色の固形物として得た。Mp 228〜230℃ (分解)。
実施例1bの生成物(0.75 g, 1.9 mmol)、2-(ニトロオキシ)エチルアンモニウムニトレート(米国特許第2004/0024057号; 国際公開公報第2004/004648号の実施例22aに記述されているように調製) (0.65 g, 3.85 mmol)およびN,N-ジメチルアミノピリジン(DMAP, 0.47 g, 3.85 mmol)の0℃のCH2Cl2 (14 mL)混合液を1-(3-(ジメチルアミノ)プロピル)-3-エチルカルボジイミド塩酸塩(0.37 g, 1.93 mmol)で処理した。反応混合液を0℃で4時間撹拌し、CH2Cl2で希釈し、水、塩水で洗浄し、Na2SO4で乾燥させた。濾過および蒸発後の残渣をシリカゲルのクロマトグラフにかけCH2Cl2:EtOAc (1:1)からCH2Cl2:EtOAc:MeOH (1:1:0.1)で溶出して、表題の化合物(0.3 g, 収率33%)を白色の固形物として得た。Mp 135℃。
実施例1bの生成物(0.75 g, 1.9 mmol)、メチル(2-(ニトロオキシ)エチル)アンモニウムニトレート(米国特許第2004/0024057号; 国際公開公報第2004/004648号の実施例17cに記述されているように調製) (0.65 g, 3.55 mmol)およびN,N-ジメチルアミノピリジン(DMAP, 0.31 g, 2.5 mmol)の0℃のCH2Cl2 (14 mL)混合液を1-(3-(ジメチルアミノ)プロピル)-3-エチルカルボジイミド塩酸塩(0.37 g, 1.9 mmol)で処理した。反応混合液を0℃で3時間撹拌し、CH2Cl2で希釈し、水、塩水で洗浄し、Na2SO4で乾燥させた。濾過および蒸発後の残渣をシリカゲルのクロマトグラフにかけCH2Cl2:EtOAc (1.5:1から1:1)で溶出して、表題の化合物(0.3 g, 収率32%)を白色の固形物として得た。Mp 70〜72℃。
実施例1bの生成物(0.5 g, 1.29 mmol)、ニトロオキシ(4-ピペリジルメチル)-硝酸塩(米国特許第2004/0024057号; 国際公開公報第2004/004648号の実施例19aに記述されているように調製) (0.57 g, 2.56 mmol)およびN,N-ジメチルアミノピリジン(DMAP, 0.16 g, 1.3 mmol)の0℃のCH2Cl2 (9 mL)混合液を1-(3-(ジメチルアミノ)プロピル)-3-エチルカルボジイミド塩酸塩(0.25 g, 1.3 mmol)で処理した。反応混合液を0℃で3時間撹拌し、CH2Cl2で希釈し、水、塩水で洗浄し、Na2SO4で乾燥させた。濾過および蒸発後の残渣をシリカゲルのクロマトグラフにかけCH2Cl2:EtOAc (1:1)で溶出して、表題の化合物(0.36 g, 収率53%)を白色の固形物として得た。Mp 115〜117℃。
実施例1bの生成物(0.75 g, 1.9 mmol)、ニトロオキシ(2-(4-ピペリジル)エチル)-硝酸塩(米国特許第2004/0024057号; 国際公開公報第2004/004648号の実施例31aに記述されているように調製) (0.92 g, 3.88 mmol)およびN,N-ジメチルアミノピリジン(DMAP, 0.24 g, 1.97 mmol)、CH2Cl2 (7 mL)およびDMF (1 mL)の0℃の混合液を1-(3-(ジメチルアミノ)プロピル)-3-エチルカルボジイミド塩酸塩(0.44 g, 2.3 mmol)で処理した。反応混合液を0℃で1.5時間撹拌し、CH2Cl2で希釈し、水、塩水で洗浄し、Na2SO4で乾燥させた。濾過および蒸発後の残渣をシリカゲルのクロマトグラフにかけCH2Cl2:EtOAc:MeOH (1:1:0.1)で溶出して、表題の化合物(0.48 g, 収率46%)を白色の固形物として得た。Mp 170℃。
実施例1bの生成物(1 g, 2.58 mmol)、ニトロオキシ(2-ピペラジニルエチル)-ビス-硝酸塩(米国特許第2004/0024057号; 国際公開公報第2004/004648号の実施例37aに記述されているように調製) (0.87 g, 2.88 mmol)およびN,N-ジメチルアミノピリジン(DMAP, 0.89 g, 7.3 mmol)、CH2Cl2 (6 mL)およびDMF (3 mL)の0℃の混合液を1-(3-(ジメチルアミノ)プロピル)-3-エチルカルボジイミド塩酸塩(0.49 g, 2.5 mmol)で処理した。反応混合液を0℃で2時間撹拌し、CH2Cl2で希釈し、水、塩水で洗浄し、Na2SO4で乾燥させた。濾過および蒸発後の残渣をシリカゲルのクロマトグラフにかけCH2Cl2:EtOAc (1:1)からCH2Cl2:EtOAc:MeOH (1:1:0.1)で溶出して、表題の化合物(0.4 g, 収率28%)を白色の固形物として得た。Mp 145℃ (分解)。
0℃のCH2Cl2:EtOAc:MeOH (1:1:0.5) (5 mL)の混合液に溶解した実施例5の生成物(0.125 g, 0.23 mmol)の溶液にHClガスのEt2O溶液(0.23 mL, 8.3 mg, 1 M溶液, 0.23 mmol)を滴下した。この混濁液を0℃で5分間撹拌し、ヘキサンを添加した。沈澱を濾過し、ヘキサンで洗浄し、真空下で乾燥させて表題の化合物(30 mg, 収率22%)を白色の固形物として得た。Mp 120〜125℃ (分解)。
クエン酸(35.2 mg, 0.18 mmol)の0℃のMeOH (0.1 mL)溶液に実施例5の生成物(0.1 g, 0.18 mmol)のCH3CN (30 mL)溶液を滴下した。この混濁液を0℃で5分間撹拌し、溶媒を真空で蒸発させ、ヘキサンを添加した。沈澱を濾過し、ヘキサンで洗浄し、真空下で乾燥させて表題の化合物(0.1 g, 収率74%)を白色の固形物として得た。Mp 80〜85℃。
実施例1bの生成物(0.75 g, 1.9 mmol)、エチル(2-(ニトロオキシ)エチル)アンモニウムニトレート(米国特許第2004/0024057号; 国際公開公報第2004/004648号の実施例18aに記述されているように調製) (0.7 g, 3.8 mmol)およびN,N-ジメチルアミノピリジン(DMAP, 0.31 g, 2.5 mmol)、CH2Cl2 (14 mL)およびDMF (1 mL)の0℃の混合液を1-(3-(ジメチルアミノ)プロピル)-3-エチルカルボジイミド塩酸塩(0.37 g, 1.9 mmol)で処理した。反応混合液を0℃で1時間撹拌し、CH2Cl2で希釈し、水、塩水で洗浄し、Na2SO4で乾燥させた。濾過および蒸発後の残渣をシリカゲルのクロマトグラフにかけCH2Cl2:EtOAc (1:1)で溶出して、表題の化合物(0.2 g, 収率20%)を白色の固形物として得た。Mp 60〜62℃。
8a. (2S)-1,4-ビス(ニトロオキシ)ブト-2-イルアミン、硝酸塩
EtOAc (3 mL)およびTHF (3 mL)の混合液に溶解した(2S)-2-アミノブタン-1,4-ジオール (Sandrin et al, 米国特許第4,291,022号により記述されているように調製) (0.3 g, 2.85 mmol)を-10℃で発煙HN03 (0.9 g, 0.6 mL, 14.2 mmol)およびAc2O (2.3 g, 2.1 mL, 22.8 mmol)の混合液に滴下した。反応混合液を-10℃で30分間および0℃で2時間撹拌し、その後、EtOAcおよびヘキサンで希釈した。沈殿物を濾過により回収し、ヘキサンで洗浄して表題の化合物(0.3 g, 収率41%)を白色の固形物として得た。Mp 93〜95℃。
実施例1bの生成物(0.15 g, 0.39 mmol)、実施例8aの生成物(0.1 g、0.39 mmol)およびN,N-ジメチルアミノピリジン(DMAP, 47 mg, 0.39 mmol)、CH2Cl2 (7 mL)およびDMF (1 mL)の0℃の混合液を1-(3-(ジメチルアミノ)プロピル)-3-エチルカルボジイミド塩酸塩(76 mg, 0.39 mmol)で処理した。反応混合液を0℃で1時間撹拌し、溶媒を蒸発させ、CH2Cl2で希釈し、水、塩水で洗浄し、Na2SO4で乾燥させた。濾過および蒸発後の残渣をシリカゲルのクロマトグラフにかけCH2Cl2:EtOAc:MeOH (1:1:0.1)で溶出して、表題の化合物(0.1 g, 収率46%)を白色の固形物として得た。Mp 115〜118℃。
9a. (((2S)ピロリジン-2-イル)メチル)ニトロオキシ硝酸塩
L-プロリノール(10 g, 98.9 mmol)のEtOAc (100 mL)を-10℃で発煙HN03 (31.2 g, 20.8 mL, 0.49 mol)およびAc2O (80.7 g, 75 mL, 0.79 mol)の混合液に滴下した。反応混合液を-10℃で30分間撹拌し、その後、ヘキサンで希釈した。沈殿物を濾過により回収し、ヘキサンで洗浄して表題の化合物(12 g, 収率58%)を白色の固形物として得た。Mp 75〜77℃。
実施例1bの生成物(0.75 g, 1.9 mmol)、実施例9aの生成物(0.8 g、3.8 mmol)およびN,N-ジメチルアミノピリジン(DMAP, 0.46 g, 3.8 mmol)、CH2Cl2 (7 mL)およびDMF (3 mL)の0℃の混合液を1-(3-(ジメチルアミノ)プロピル)-3-エチルカルボジイミド塩酸塩(0.37 g, 1.9 mmol)で処理した。反応混合液を0℃で1時間撹拌し、溶媒を蒸発させ、CH2Cl2で希釈し、水、塩水で洗浄し、Na2SO4で乾燥させた。濾過および蒸発後の残渣をシリカゲルのクロマトグラフにかけCH2Cl2:EtOAc:MeOH (1:1:0.1)で溶出して、表題の化合物(0.35 g, 収率35%)を白色の固形物として得た。Mp 64〜66℃。
10a. (2R)-1-(ニトロオキシ)ブト-2-イルアミン硝酸塩
(2R)-アミノブタン-1-オール (1.01 g, 11.3 mmol)を無水アセトニトリル(50 mL)に溶解し、溶液を氷浴により冷却した。この溶液に、発煙硝酸(0.5 mL)を添加した。無水酢酸(8.3 mL, 90 mmol)および発煙硝酸(2.3 mL, 57 mmol)の混合液を氷浴中で冷却し、その後、アミノブタン-1-オール反応混合液にゆっくり添加し、1時間撹拌した。溶媒を減圧下で除去し、得られた残渣を高真空下で一晩乾燥させて表題の化合物(2.07 g, 10.5 mmol, 収率93%)を薄緑色の固形物として得た。
実施例1bの生成物(470 mg, 1.2 mmol)をDMSO (2 mL)および無水CH2Cl2 (8 mL)中に溶解した。この溶液に実施例10aの生成物(260 mg, 1.3 mmol)、EDAC (230 mg, 1.2 mmol)およびDMAP (150 mg, 1.2 mmol)を連続的に添加し、反応混合液を窒素下、室温で一晩撹拌した。さらに実施例10aの生成物(240 mg, 1.2 mmol)、EDAC (230 mg, 1.2 mmol)およびDMAP (150 mg, 1.2 mmol)を添加し、反応混合液を3時間撹拌し続けた。反応混合液をCH2Cl2で希釈し、水(2回)、塩水で洗浄し、乾燥(Na2SO4)し、濾過し、溶媒を減圧下で除去した。残渣を、50%酢酸エチルのヘキサン溶液を用いたシリカゲル・フラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して、表題の化合物(330 mg, 収率55%)を白色の固形物として得た。Mp 125〜128℃ (分解)。
11a. (2S)-2-(ニトロオキシ)プロピルアミン硝酸塩
S-(+)-1-アミノ-2-プロパノール(960 mg, 12.8 mmol)、発煙硝酸(0.62 mL)ならびに無水酢酸(9.7 ml)および2.7 mL発煙硝酸(2.7 ml)を用い実施例10aに記述した手順を使って、表題の化合物を薄緑色の固形物として定量的な収率で得た。
実施例1bの生成物(430 mg, 1.1 mmol)をDMSO (2 mL)および無水CH2Cl2 (8 mL)中に溶解した。この溶液に実施例11aの生成物(220 mg, 1.2 mmol)、EDAC (210 mg, 1.1 mmol)およびDMAP (140 mg, 1.1 mmol)を連続的に添加し、反応混合液を窒素下、室温で一晩撹拌した。さらに実施例11aの生成物(200 mg, 1.1 mmol)、EDAC (210 mg, 1.1 mmol)およびDMAP (140 mg, 1.1 mmol)を添加し、反応混合液をさらに6時間撹拌した。反応混合液をCH2Cl2で希釈し、水(2回)、塩水で洗浄し、乾燥(Na2SO4)し、濾過し、溶媒を減圧下で除去した。残渣を、50%酢酸エチルのヘキサン溶液を用いたシリカゲル・フラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して、表題の化合物(250 mg, 収率46%)を白色の固形物として得た。Mp 125〜138℃ (分解)。
12a. (2R)-2,3-ビス(ニトロオキシ)プロピルアミン硝酸塩
(R)-3-アミノ-1,2-プロパンジオール(5.0 g, 54.9 mmol)、発煙硝酸(2.75 mL)、無水酢酸(41.5 mL)および発煙硝酸(11.6 mL)を用い実施例10aに記述した手順に従って、表題の化合物を薄緑色の固形物として定量的な収率で得た。
実施例1bの生成物(200 mg, 0.51 mmol)をDMSO (1 mL)およびCH2Cl2 (10 mL)中に溶解した。この溶液に実施例12aの生成物(130 mg, 0.51 mmol)、トリエチルアミン(0.07 mL, 0.51 mmol)、EDAC (98 mg, 0.51 mmol)およびDMAP (62 mg, 0.51 mmol)を連続的に添加し、反応混合液を窒素下、室温で3時間撹拌した。反応混合液をCH2Cl2で希釈し、水(2回)、塩水で洗浄し、乾燥し、濾過(Na2SO4)し、溶媒を減圧下で除去した。残渣を、50%酢酸エチルのヘキサン溶液を用いたシリカゲル・フラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィーにより精製して、表題の化合物(90 mg, 収率31%)を白色の固形物として得た。Mp 143〜153℃ (分解)。
フロセミド(331 mg, 1 mmol)およびニトロオキシ-4-ピペリジル硝酸塩(米国特許出願第60/505,921号、実施例16aに記述されているように調製) (209 mg, 1 mmol)、酢酸エチル(25 mL)およびメチルスルホキシド(10 mL)の混合液にトリエチルアミン(0.125 mL)を添加し、反応混合液を室温で10分間撹拌した。得られた混合液にEDAC (0.192 g, 1 mmol)、続けてDMAP (0.122 g, 1 mmol)を連続的に添加した。次いで、得られた溶液を窒素雰囲気下、室温で一晩撹拌した。反応混合液を酢酸エチルで希釈し、水、水性NaHCO3、水、塩水で洗浄し、硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させて、濾過し、有機抽出液を蒸発させた。5%メタノールのジクロロメタン溶液を用いたシリカゲルのカラムクロマトグラフィーにより生成物を精製して、表題の化合物(390 mg, 収率85%)を無色の濃厚な油状物として得た。
14a. (2S)-1-15N-ニトロソ-ピロリジン-2-カルボン酸
氷水浴中の、L-プロリン(20.645 g, 17.932 mmol)の2M HCl溶液に15N-亜硝酸ナトリウム(1.55 g, 17.93 mmol)の水(10 mL)溶液を10分間にわたって添加した。反応溶液を0℃で20分間および周囲温度で20分間撹拌し、酢酸エチルで6回抽出した。合わせた酢酸エチル溶液を乾燥し(硫酸マグネシウム)、濾過し、濃縮して表題の化合物(1.87 g, 収率72%)を得た。Mp 88〜90℃。
フロセミド(1.013 g, 3.0627 mmol)のDMF (3 mL)溶液にEDAC (608.3 mg, 3.173 mmol)のジクロロメタン(3 mL)溶液、その後、エタノールアミン(185 μL, 3.065 mmol)を添加した。反応溶液を周囲温度で3時間撹拌し、高真空下で濃縮乾固させた。粗生成物を水で処理し、得られた粘性物質を回収し、シリカゲルのクロマトグラフにかけメタノール:ジクロロメタン(1:20)で溶出して、表題の化合物(476 mg, 収率42%)を得た。Mp 183〜185℃。
実施例14aの生成物(127.6 mg, 0.880 mmol)、実施例14bの生成物(300.4 mg, 0.8037 mmol)、EDAC (184.6 mg, 0.963 mmol)、およびDMAP (110.2 mg, 0.902 mmol)を混合し、DMF-ジクロロメタン(1:1, 2 mL)を添加した。反応混合液を周囲温度で1時間撹拌し、いっそう多くの実施例14aの生成物(64.2 mg, 0.443 mmol)およびEDAC (82.1 mg, 0.428 mmol)を添加した。得られた反応混合液を周囲温度で1時間撹拌し、高真空下で濃縮乾固させた。得られた粘性物質を2 Mクエン酸とともに撹拌して粗生成物を得た。粗生成物を水で3回洗浄し、その後、シリカゲルのクロマトグラフにかけメタノール:クロロホルム(1:50)で溶出して、表題の化合物(250.3 mg, 収率62%)を得た。Mp 51〜61℃。
15a. 3-((2-ブロモエチル)オキシカルボニル)プロパン酸
ブロモエタノール(Aldrich, Wisconsin, U.S., 1.7 mL, 24.9 mmol)、無水コハク酸(Aldrich, Wisconsin, U.S., 1.3 g, 12.5 mmol)、およびN,N-ジメチルアミノピリジン(DMAP, 301.2 mg, 2.5 mmol)をCHCl3 (30 mL)中に溶解し、60℃で63時間加熱した。この試料を水(3×10 mL)および塩水で洗浄し、乾燥させた(MgSO4)。溶媒を減圧下で除去して表題の化合物(1.3 g, 収率48%)を黄色の油状物として得、これをさらに精製することなく維持した。
実施例15aの生成物(1.3 g, 6.0 mmol)をCH3CN (30 mL)中に溶解し、硝酸銀(1.3 g, 7.77 mmol)を添加した。この混合液を60℃で1.5時間撹拌し、さらに硝酸銀(1.3 g, 6.0 mmol)を添加した。反応混合液を60℃で24時間撹拌した。1 N HCl (10 mL)を添加し、混合液を1時間撹拌した。得られた固形物を、セライトを通して濾過により除去した。濾液をCH2Cl2 (3×10 mL)で抽出し、有機物を回収し、乾燥し(MgSO4)、溶媒を減圧下で除去した。残渣をシリカゲルのクロマトグラフにかけ2:1 ヘキサン/EtOAcで溶出して、表題の化合物(370.0 mg, 収率30%)を浅黄色の固形物として得た。
CH2Cl2/DMF (15 mL/20 mL)の混合液に溶解したフロセミド(OnBio, Canada, 5.2 g, 15.6 mmol)の溶液にエチレングリコール(Aldrich, Wisconsin, U.S., 4.4 mL, 78.0 mmol)およびDMAP (377.5 mg, 3.1 mmol)を添加した。DMAPおよびさらなるDMF (15 mL)の添加によって形成された固形物に、続いてEDAC (3.9 g, 20.3 mmol)を添加した。反応混合液を室温で24時間撹拌させた。溶媒を減圧下で除去し、残渣をCH2Cl2 (100 mL)中に再溶解させた。この試料をH2O (3×50 mL)、塩水で洗浄し、試料を乾燥させた(MgSO4)。蒸発後の残渣をシリカゲルのクロマトグラフにかけ1:1 ヘキサン/EtOAcで溶出して、表題の化合物(1.4 g, 収率24%)を白色の固形物として得た。
実施例15cの生成物(576.1 mg, 1.5 mmol)、実施例15bの生成物(350.0 mg, 1.7 mmol)およびDMAP (37.0 mg, 0.31 mmol)をCH2Cl2/DMF混合液(30 mL/1 mL)中に溶解し、EDAC (350.0 mg, 1.8 mmol)を添加した。反応混合液を室温で48時間撹拌し、その後、さらに4.5時間還流した。反応混合液をH2O (3×10 mL)、塩水で洗浄し、乾燥し(MgSO4)、溶媒を減圧下で除去した。得られた残渣をMeOH中に溶解し、セライトを添加した。溶媒を減圧下で除去し、セライト/試料混合液をシリカゲルのクロマトグラフにかけ1:1 ヘキサン/EtOAcで溶出して、表題の化合物(180.0 mg, 収率21%)を黄色の油状物として得た。
16a. ((2S)-1-ニトロソピロリジン-2-イル)メタン-1-オール
(S)-(+)-2-ピロリジンメタノール(6.52 g, 64.4 mmol)、THF (120 mL)および3 N塩酸(33 mL, 99 mmol)の3℃の撹拌混合液に亜硝酸ナトリウム(5.80 g, 84 mmol)の水(25 mL)溶液を20分かけて滴下した。反応混合液を室温まで温めて、15時間撹拌した。水性炭酸ナトリウムで塩基性化した後、混合液をEtOAcで2回抽出し、合わせた有機層を硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥させて、濾過し、濃縮した。残渣をカラムクロマトグラフィー(シリカゲル, EtOAc)により精製して、表題の化合物(8.04 g, 収率96%)を液体として得た。
実施例16aの生成物(0.78 g, 6.00 mmol)、フロセミド(1.80 g, 5.44 mmol)、およびDCC (1.24 g, 6.00 mmol)のTHF (50 mL)の撹拌溶液にDMAP (10 mg)を添加した。周囲温度で18時間撹拌した後、混合物を濾過し、濾液を濃縮した。残渣(1:2 EtOAc:ヘキサン、シリカゲル)のクロマトグラフィーによって、表題の化合物(1.23 g, 収率51%)を白色の固形物として得た。Mp 79〜81℃。
手順は全てNitroMed Inc.の所内動物管理使用委員会(Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee)により承認された。雄性ウィスターラット(200〜240 g)をCharles River Laboratories (Kingston, NYまたはRaleigh, NC)から購入し、72時間にわたって施設内で順応させた。ラットを明暗周期が12時間の明暗室内でケージ当たり2〜3匹無作為に収容し、飼料および水に自由にアクセスさせた。
ラットに(i) 賦形剤、すなわち試験化合物なし、(ii) フロセミド(3 mg/kg)または(iii) 実施例12 (3 mg/kg当量)のいずれかを緩徐性ボーラスとして1 ml/kgの用量で静脈内投与したことを除き、実施例17に記述した手順にしたがった。
手順は全てNitroMed Inc.の所内動物管理使用委員会により承認されると考えられる。雄性ウィスターラット(200〜240 g)をCharles River Laboratories (Kingston, NYまたはRaleigh, NC)から購入し、72時間にわたって施設内で順応させる。ラットを明暗周期が12時間の明暗室内でケージ当たり2〜3匹無作為に収容し、飼料および水に自由にアクセスさせる。
Claims (28)
- 式(I)の化合物が以下であり、
X2は-C(O)-または-S(O)2であり;
Y2は水素、塩素またはCF3であり;
-V2-U2-W2-は以下であり、
(i) -N(D1)-(C(Ro)(Rp))-N(D1)-;
(ii) -N=C(Ro))-N(D1)-; または
(iii) -N(D1)-(C(Ro)(Rp))-N(Ro)-;
RoおよびRpは各出現時において独立して水素、低級アルキル基、置換アルキル基、ベンジル基、アリール基、アルキルアリール基、-CH2-S-CH-CH=CH2; -CH2-S-CF3または-CH2-S-CH2-C6H5であり;
D1は水素、V3またはKであり;
Kは-(W3)a-Eb-(C(Re)(Rf))p1-Ec-(C(Re)(Rf))x-(W3)d-(C(Re)(Rf))y-(W3)i-Ej-(W3)g-(C(Re)(Rf))z-U3-V3であり;
V3は-NOまたは-NO2であり;
a、b、c、d、g、iおよびjはそれぞれ独立して0から3の整数であり;
p1、x、yおよびzはそれぞれ独立して0から10の整数であり;
W3は各出現時において独立して-C(O)-、-C(S)-、-T3-、-(C(Re)(Rf))h-、アルキル基、アリール基、複素環、アリール複素環、または-(CH2CH2O)q1-であり;
Eは各出現時において独立して-T3-、アルキル基、アリール基、-(C(Re)(Rf))h-、複素環、アリール複素環、または-(CH2CH2O)ql-であり;
T3は各出現時において独立して共有結合、カルボニル、酸素、-S(O)o-または-N(Ra)Riであり;
hは1から10の整数であり;
q1は1から5の整数であり;
ReおよびRfはそれぞれ独立して水素、アルキル、シクロアルコキシ、ハロゲン、ヒドロキシ、ヒドロキシアルキル、アルコキシアルキル、アリール素環、アルキルアリール、アルキルシクロアルキル、アルキル複素環、シクロアルキルアルキル、シクロアルキルチオ、アリールアルキルチオ、アリールアルキルチオアルキル、アルキルチオアルキル、シクロアルケニル、複素環アルキル、アルコキシ、ハロアルコキシ、アミノ、アルキルアミノ、ジアルキルアミノ、アリールアミノ、ジアリールアミノ、アルキルアリールアミノ、アルコキシハロアルキル、スルホン酸、スルホン酸エステル、アルキルスルホン酸、アリールスルホン酸、アリールアルコキシ、アルキルチオ、アリールチオ、シアノ、アミノアルキル、アミノアリール、アリール、アリールアルキル、アルキルアリール、カルボキサミド、アルキルカルボキサミド、アリールカルボキサミド、アミジル、カルボキシル、カルバモイル、アルキルカルボン酸、アリールカルボン酸、アルキルカルボニル、アリールカルボニル、エステル、カルボン酸エステル、アルキルカルボン酸エステル、アリールカルボン酸エステル、スルホンアミド、アルキルスルホンアミド、アリールスルホンアミド、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルスルホニルオキシ、アリールスルホニル、アリールスルホニルオキシ、スルホン酸エステル、アルキルエステル、アリールエステル、尿素、ホスホリル、ニトロ、Kであり、またはReおよびRfはこれらが結合している炭素と一緒になってカルボニル、メタンチアル(methanthial)、複素環、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、オキシム、ヒドラゾンもしくは架橋シクロアルキル基を形成し;
U3は各出現時において独立して酸素、-S(O)o-または-N(Ra)Riであり;
oは0から2の整数であり;
Raは孤立電子対、水素またはアルキル基であり;
Riは水素、アルキル、アリール、アルキルカルボン酸、アリールカルボン酸、アルキルカルボン酸エステル、アリールカルボン酸エステル、アルキルカルボキサミド、アリールカルボキサミド、アルキルアリール、アルキルスルフィニル、アルキルスルホニル、アルキルスルホニルオキシ、アリールスルフィニル、アリールスルホニル、アリールスルホニルオキシ、スルホンアミド、カルボキサミド、カルボン酸エステル、アミノアルキル、アミノアリール、-CH2-C(U3-V3)(Re)(Rf)、隣接原子との結合であってその原子に二重結合をもたらす結合、式中M1 +は有機陽イオンまたは無機陽イオンである-(N2O2-)-・M1 +であり; ならびに
式(I)の化合物が少なくとも一つのNO基、および/または少なくとも一つのNO2基を含まなければならないという条件で、式中少なくとも一つのNO基および/または少なくとも一つのNO2基は酸素原子、窒素原子または硫黄原子を介して化合物に連結され;
式(II)の化合物が以下であり、
式中、
X4は以下であり、
(i)
;
(ii)
;
(iii)
;
(iv)
;
(v) -S(O)2-N(D)(D1);
(vi)
;
(g) -C(O)-O-D;または
(h)
;
Z4は以下であり、
(i) 水素;
(ii)
;
(iii) -N=C(H)-C(H)=C(OD)(CH3);
(iv) -S(O)2-N(D1)-CH2-CH=CH2;
(v) -NH(D1);
(vi) -CH3; または
(vii) -OD1
Y4は以下であり、
(i) Y2; または
(ii)
;
W4は以下であり、
(i) 水素;
(ii)
; または
(iii) -N(D1)-(CH2)3-CH3;
DはV3またはKであり;
V4はチオ基または酸素原子であり; ならびに
D1、Y2、V3およびKは本明細書において規定されるとおりであり;
式(II)の化合物が少なくとも一つのNO基、および/または少なくとも一つのNO2基を含まなければならないという条件で、式中少なくとも一つのNO基および/または少なくとも一つのNO2基は酸素原子、窒素原子または硫黄原子を介して利尿化合物に連結され; ならびに
式(III)の化合物が以下であり、
式中:
X3は以下であり、
(i)
; または
(ii)
;
Kは本明細書において規定されるとおりであり;
式(II)の化合物が少なくとも一つのNO基、および/または少なくとも一つのNO2基を含まなければならないという条件で、式中少なくとも一つのNO基および/または少なくとも一つのNO2基は酸素原子、窒素原子または硫黄原子を介して化合物に連結される、
式(I)、(II)もしくは(III)の化合物、または薬学的に許容されるその塩。 - 請求項1記載の化合物および薬学的に許容される担体を含む、組成物。
- 式(I)の化合物が、ニトロソ化アルチアジド、ニトロシル化アルチアジド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化アルチアジド、ニトロソ化ベンドロフルメチアジド、ニトロシル化ベンドロフルメチアジド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化ベンドロフルメチアジド、ニトロソ化ベンズチアジド、ニトロシル化ベンズチアジド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化ベンズチアジド、ニトロソ化ブチアジド、ニトロシル化ブチアジド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化ブチアジド、ニトロソ化クロロチアジド、ニトロシル化クロロチアジド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化クロロチアジド、ニトロソ化シクロチアジド、ニトロシル化シクロチアジド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化シクロチアジド、ニトロソ化エチアジド、ニトロシル化エチアジド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化エチアジド、ニトロソ化フェンキゾン、ニトロシル化フェンキゾン、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化フェンキゾン、ニトロソ化ヒドロクロロチアジド、ニトロシル化ヒドロクロロチアジド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化ヒドロクロロチアジド、ニトロソ化メチクロチアジド、ニトロシル化メチクロチアジド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化メチクロチアジド、ニトロソ化メトラゾン、ニトロシル化メトラゾン、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化メトラゾン、ニトロソ化パラフルチジド(paraflutizide)、ニトロシル化パラフルチジド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化パラフルチジド、ニトロソ化ポリチアジド、ニトロシル化ポリチアジド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化ポリチアジド、ニトロソ化キネタゾン、ニトロシル化キネタゾン、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化キネタゾン、ニトロソ化テクロチアジド、ニトロシル化テクロチアジド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化テクロチアジド、ニトロソ化トリクロルメチアジド、ニトロシル化トリクロルメチアジド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化トリクロルメチアジドであり; 式(II)の化合物が、ニトロソ化アンブシド、ニトロシル化アンブシド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化アンブシド、ニトロソ化アゾセミド、ニトロシル化アゾセミド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化アゾセミド、ニトロソ化ブメタニド、ニトロシル化ブメタニド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化ブメタニド、ニトロソ化クロラミノフェナミド、ニトロシル化クロラミノフェナミド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化クロラミノフェナミド、ニトロソ化クロルタリドン、ニトロシル化クロルタリドン、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化クロルタリドン、ニトロソ化クロフェナミド、ニトロシル化クロフェナミド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化クロフェナミド、ニトロソ化クロパミド、ニトロシル化クロパミド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化クロパミド、ニトロソ化ジスルファミド、ニトロシル化ジスルファミド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化ジスルファミド、ニトロソ化フロセミド、ニトロシル化フロセミド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化フロセミド、ニトロソ化メフルシド、ニトロシル化メフルシド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化メフルシド、ニトロソ化ピレタニド、ニトロシル化ピレタニド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化ピレタニド、ニトロソ化キシパミド、ニトロシル化キシパミド、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化キシパミドであり; 式(III)の化合物が、ニトロソ化エタクリン酸、ニトロシル化エタクリン酸、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化エタクリン酸、ニトロソ化チクリナフェン、ニトロシル化チクリナフェン、ニトロソ化およびニトロシル化チクリナフェン、または薬学的に許容されるその塩である、請求項1記載の化合物。
- Kが以下である、請求項1記載の化合物:
R4およびR4'は各出現時において独立して水素、低級アルキル基、-OH、-CH2OH、-ONO2、-NO2もしくは-CH2ONO2であり; またはR4およびR4'はこれらが結合している炭素原子と一緒になってシクロアルキル基または複素環であり;
Vは-C(O)-T-、-T-C(O)-、-T-C(O)-TまたはT-C(O)-C(O)-Tであり;
Wは共有結合またはカルボニル基であり;
Tは各出現時において独立して酸素、(S(O)0)0またはNRjであり;
Rjは水素、アルキル基、アリール基、複素環、アルキルカルボニル基、アルキルアリール基、アルキルスルフィニル基、アルキルスルホニル基、アリールスルフィニル基、アリールスルホニル基、スルホンアミド基、N-アルキルスルホンアミド基、N,N-ジアリールスルホンアミド基、N-アリールスルホンアミド基、N-アルキル-N-アリールスルホンアミド基、カルボキサミド基またはヒドロキシル基であり;
pは各出現時において独立して1から6の整数であり;
qは各出現時において独立して1から3の整数であり;
oは各出現時において独立して0から2の整数であり;
Yは独立して共有結合、カルボニル、酸素、-S(O)O-または-NRjであり;
Bはフェニルまたは(CH2)Oのいずれかであり;
Q'はシクロアルキル基、複素環またはアリール基であり;
Zは(=O)、(=N-OR5)、(=N-NR5R'5)または(=CR5R'5)であり;
MおよびM'はそれぞれ独立して-O-H3N+-(CR4R'4)q-CH2ONO2または-T-(CR4R'4)o-CH2ONO2であり; ならびに
R5およびR5'は各出現時において独立して水素、ヒドロキシル基、アルキル基、アリール基、アルキルスルホニル基、アリールスルホニル基、カルボン酸エステル、アルキルカルボニル基、アリールカルボニル基、カルボキサミド基、アルコキシアルキル基、アルコキシアリール基、シクロアルキル基または複素環である。 - 式(I)の化合物が式(IV)のニトロソ化クロロチアジドまたはニトロソ化ヒドロクロロチアジドであり、および式(II)の化合物が式(V)のニトロソ化クロルタリドン、式(VI)のニトロソ化フロセミドまたは薬学的に許容されるその塩であり、
ここで式(IV)の化合物は以下であり、
式中結合a-bは単結合(ヒドロクロロチアジド)または二重結合(クロロチアジド)であってよく;
および式(V)の化合物は以下であり、
および式(VI)の化合物は以下であり、
式中、
T'は酸素、硫黄またはNR6であり;
R6は水素、低級アルキル基、アリール基であり;
Rm-Rnは一緒になって水素原子であってよく; または
Rmは以下であり、
(i) -C-(O)-;
(ii) -C-(O)-NR6;
(iii) -C(O)-O-;
(iv) -C(O)-S;
(v) -CH2-O-; または
(vi) -CH(CH3)-O-;
Rnは以下であり、
水素または
式中、
R9は低級アルキル基であり;ならびに
T'は本明細書において規定されるとおりであり、およびT'は酸素、硫黄またはNR6であり;
R6は水素、低級アルキル基、アリール基であり;
但し式(IV)および(V)の化合物は少なくとも一つの-NO2基を含まなければならないという条件である、
請求項1記載の化合物。 - 治療的に有効な量の請求項2記載の組成物を患者に投与する段階を含む、その必要性がある患者において水分過多および/または電解質滞留から生じる状態を治療する方法。
- 水分過多および/または電解質滞留から生じる状態は、下肢のむくみ、疲労、体液滞留、心肥大、息切れ、肺浮腫、脳浮腫、少なくとも部分的にはうっ血性心不全、肝硬変、血行不良、リンパ系障害、慢性腎炎、栄養失調、経口避妊薬の使用、月経前症候群、日焼け、高血圧、メニエール病、緑内障、嚢胞性線維症および/またはナトリウムやカリウムの不均衡からなる群より選択される要因と関係する浮腫である、請求項7記載の方法。
- 治療的に有効な量の請求項2記載の組成物を患者に投与する段階を含む、その必要性がある患者において心血管疾患を治療する方法。
- 心血管疾患が、うっ血性心不全、再狭窄、高血圧、拡張機能障害、冠動脈疾患、心筋梗塞、脳梗塞、アテローム性動脈硬化、アテローム発生、脳血管疾患、狭心症、動脈瘤、虚血性心疾患、脳虚血、心筋虚血、血栓症、血小板凝集、血小板付着、平滑筋細胞増殖、医療機器の使用に関連する血管性もしくは非血管性合併症、医療機器の使用に関連する創傷、血管もしくは非血管壁損傷、末梢血管疾患、経皮経腔冠動脈造影後の新生内膜過形成、血管移植、冠動脈バイパス手術、血栓塞栓事象、血管形成術後の再狭窄、冠状動脈プラーク炎症、高コレステロール血症、塞栓症、脳卒中、ショック、不整脈、心房性細動もしくは心房粗動、または脳血管の血栓閉塞および再閉塞である、請求項9記載の方法。
- 心血管疾患はうっ血性心不全、高血圧または拡張機能障害である、請求項10記載の方法。
- 治療的に有効な量の請求項2記載の組成物を患者に投与する段階を含む、その必要性がある患者において腎血管性疾患を治療する方法。
- 腎血管性疾患は腎不全または腎機能不全である、請求項12記載の方法。
- 治療的に有効な量の請求項2記載の組成物を患者に投与する段階を含む、その必要性がある患者において酸化ストレスから生じる疾患を治療する; 内皮機能障害を治療する; 内皮機能障害によって引き起こされる疾患を治療する; 肝硬変を治療する; 子癇前症を治療する; 骨粗鬆症を治療する; または腎症を治療する方法。
- (i) 少なくとも一つの治療薬; (ii) 少なくとも一つの酸化窒素供与体化合物; または(iii) 少なくとも一つの治療薬および少なくとも一つの酸化窒素供与体化合物をさらに含む、請求項2記載の組成物。
- 治療薬が、アルドステロンアンタゴニスト、α-アドレナリン受容体アンタゴニスト、アンギオテンシンIIアンタゴニスト、アンギオテンシン変換酵素阻害剤、抗糖尿病化合物、抗高脂血症化合物、抗酸化薬、抗血栓性および血管拡張性化合物、β-アドレナリンアンタゴニスト、カルシウムチャンネル遮断薬、ジギタリス、利尿薬、エンドセリンアンタゴニスト、ヒドララジン化合物、H2受容体アンタゴニスト、中性エンドペプチダーゼ阻害剤、非ステロイド性抗炎症化合物、ホスホジエステラーゼ阻害剤、カリウムチャンネル遮断薬、血小板減少剤、プロトンポンプ阻害剤、レニン阻害剤、選択的シクロオキシゲナーゼ-2阻害剤、またはこれらの二つもしくはそれ以上の組み合わせである、請求項15記載の組成物。
- 治療薬が、アルドステロンアンタゴニスト、アンギオテンシンIIアンタゴニスト、アンギオテンシン変換酵素阻害剤、β-アドレナリンアンタゴニスト、利尿薬およびヒドララジン化合物からなる群より選択される少なくとも一つの化合物である、請求項16記載の組成物。
- アルドステロンアンタゴニストがエプレレノンまたはスピロノラクトンであり; アンギオテンシンIIアンタゴニストがカンデサルタンシレキセチル、エプロサルタンメシレート、イルベサルタン、ロサルタンカリウム、メドキソミル、テルミサルタン、トランドラプリル、トランドラプリラトまたはバルサルタンであり; アンギオテンシン変換酵素阻害剤が塩酸ベナゼプリル、カプトプリル、マレイン酸エナラプリル、フォシノプリル(fosinopril)ナトリウム、リシノプリル、塩酸モエキシプリル、塩酸キナプリルであり; β-アドレナリンアンタゴニストがフマル酸ビソプロロール、カルベジロール、酒石酸メトプロロール、塩酸プロプラノロールまたはマレイン酸チモロールであり; 利尿薬が塩酸アミロリド、クロルタリドン、ヒドロクロロチアジドまたはトリアムテレンであり; およびヒドララジン化合物が塩酸ヒドララジンである、請求項17記載の組成物。
- 酸化窒素供与体化合物はS-ニトロソチオール、亜硝酸塩、硝酸塩、S-ニトロチオール、シドノニミン、NONOエート、N-ニトロソアミン、N-ヒドロキシルニトロソアミン、ニトロシミン(nitrosimine)、二酸化ジアゼチン、オキサトリアゾール5-イミン、オキシム、ヒドロキシルアミン、N-ヒドロキシグアニジン、ヒドロキシウレアまたはフロキサン(furoxan)からなる群より選択される、請求項15記載の組成物。
- (i) 少なくとも一つの治療薬; (ii) 少なくとも一つの酸化窒素供与体化合物; または(iii) 少なくとも一つの治療薬および少なくとも一つの酸化窒素供与体化合物を投与する段階をさらに含む、請求項7、9、12または14記載の方法。
- 治療薬が、アルドステロンアンタゴニスト、α-アドレナリン受容体アンタゴニスト、アンギオテンシンIIアンタゴニスト、アンギオテンシン変換酵素阻害剤、抗糖尿病化合物、抗高脂血症化合物、抗酸化薬、抗血栓性および血管拡張性化合物、β-アドレナリンアンタゴニスト、カルシウムチャンネル遮断薬、ジギタリス、利尿薬、エンドセリンアンタゴニスト、ヒドララジン化合物、H2受容体アンタゴニスト、中性エンドペプチダーゼ阻害剤、非ステロイド性抗炎症化合物、ホスホジエステラーゼ阻害剤、カリウムチャンネル遮断薬、血小板減少剤、プロトンポンプ阻害剤、レニン阻害剤、選択的シクロオキシゲナーゼ-2阻害剤、またはこれらの二つもしくはそれ以上の組み合わせである、請求項20記載の方法。
- 治療薬が、アルドステロンアンタゴニスト、アンギオテンシンIIアンタゴニスト、アンギオテンシン変換酵素阻害剤、β-アドレナリンアンタゴニスト、利尿薬およびヒドララジン化合物からなる群より選択される少なくとも一つの化合物である、請求項21記載の方法。
- アルドステロンアンタゴニストがエプレレノンまたはスピロノラクトンであり; アンギオテンシンIIアンタゴニストがカンデサルタンシレキセチル、エプロサルタンメシレート、イルベサルタン、ロサルタンカリウム、メドキソミル、テルミサルタン、トランドラプリル、トランドラプリラトまたはバルサルタンであり; アンギオテンシン変換酵素阻害剤が塩酸ベナゼプリル、カプトプリル、マレイン酸エナラプリル、フォシノプリルナトリウム、リシノプリル、塩酸モエキシプリルまたは塩酸キナプリルであり; β-アドレナリンアンタゴニストがフマル酸ビソプロロール、カルベジロール、酒石酸メトプロロール、塩酸プロプラノロールまたはマレイン酸チモロールであり; 利尿薬が塩酸アミロリド、クロルタリドン、ヒドロクロロチアジドまたはトリアムテレンであり; およびヒドララジン化合物が塩酸ヒドララジンである、請求項22記載の方法。
- 酸化窒素供与体化合物が、S-ニトロソチオール、亜硝酸塩、硝酸塩、S-ニトロチオール、シドノニミン、NONOエート、N-ニトロソアミン、N-ヒドロキシルニトロソアミン、ニトロシミン、二酸化ジアゼチン、オキサトリアゾール5-イミン、オキシム、ヒドロキシルアミン、N-ヒドロキシグアニジン、ヒドロキシウレアまたはフロキサンからなる群より選択される、請求項20記載の方法。
- 請求項1記載の少なくとも一つの化合物を含むキット。
- (i) 少なくとも一つの治療薬; (ii) 少なくとも一つの酸化窒素供与体化合物; または(iii) 少なくとも一つの治療薬および少なくとも一つの酸化窒素供与体化合物をさらに含む、請求項25記載のキット。
- (i) 少なくとも一つの治療薬; (ii) 少なくとも一つの酸化窒素供与体化合物; または(iii) 少なくとも一つの治療薬および少なくとも一つの酸化窒素供与体化合物が、キット中の別々の構成要素の形態で存在する、請求項26記載のキット。
- 以下からなる群より選択される化合物:
(N-(2-(ニトロオキシ)エチル)カルバモイル)メチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
(N-メチル-N-(2-(ニトロオキシ)エチル)カルバモイル)メチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
2-(4-((ニトロオキシ)メチル)ピペリジル)-2-オキソエチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
2-(4-(2-(ニトロオキシ)エチル)ピペリジル)-2-オキソエチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
2-(4-(2-(ニトロオキシ)エチル)ピペラジニル)-2-オキソエチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
2-(4-(2-(ニトロオキシ)エチル)ピペラジニル)-2-オキソエチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート、塩酸塩;
2-(4-(2-(ニトロオキシ)エチル)ピペラジニル)-2-オキソエチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート、クエン酸塩;
(N-エチル-N-(2-(ニトロオキシ)エチル)カルバモイル)メチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
(N-((1S)-3-(ニトロオキシ)-1-((ニトロオキシ)メチル)プロピル)カルバモイル)メチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
2-((2R)-2-((ニトロオキシ)メチル)ピロリジニル)-2-オキソエチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
(N-((1R)-1-((ニトロオキシ)メチル)プロピル)カルバモイル)メチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
(N-((2S)-2-(ニトロオキシ)プロピル)カルバモイル)メチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
(N-((2R)-2,3-ビス(ニトロオキシ)プロピル)カルバモイル)メチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート;
2-クロロ-4-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-((4-(ニトロオキシ)ピペリジル)カルボニル)ベンゼンスルホンアミド;
2-((4-クロロ-6-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-3-スルファモイルフェニル)カルボニルアミノ)エチル(2S)-1-15N-ニトロソ-ピロリジン-2-カルボキシレート;
2-(4-クロロ-6-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-3-スルファモイルフェニルカルボニルオキシ)エチル2-(ニトロオキシ)エチルブタン-1,4-ジオエート; および
((2R)-1-ニトロソピロリジン-2-イル)メチル4-クロロ-2-((2-フリルメチル)アミノ)-5-スルファモイルベンゾエート。
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JP2010502763A (ja) * | 2006-09-12 | 2010-01-28 | シュペーデル・エクスペリメンタ・アーゲー | アミノアルコールの硝酸エステル |
JP2011529892A (ja) * | 2008-07-29 | 2011-12-15 | メルク・シャープ・エンド・ドーム・コーポレイション | フロセミドのニトロ誘導体及び利尿剤としてのその使用 |
JP2018526448A (ja) * | 2015-09-07 | 2018-09-13 | 浙江華海薬業股▲フン▼有限公司 | 一酸化窒素を放出可能なプロドラッグ分子 |
US10456405B2 (en) | 2015-09-07 | 2019-10-29 | Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd | Nitric oxide-releasing prodrug molecule of substituted quinazolines |
Also Published As
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AU2004270162B2 (en) | 2010-05-13 |
AU2004270162A1 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
WO2005023182A2 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
WO2005023182A3 (en) | 2006-10-19 |
EP1668008A2 (en) | 2006-06-14 |
CA2536975A1 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
JP2007504135A (ja) | 2007-03-01 |
CA2536967A1 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
WO2005023183A3 (en) | 2005-10-13 |
US7282519B2 (en) | 2007-10-16 |
EP1668008A4 (en) | 2009-02-25 |
AU2004270161A1 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
EP1667643A4 (en) | 2008-03-05 |
US20070238740A1 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
WO2005023183A2 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
US20050059655A1 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
EP1667643A2 (en) | 2006-06-14 |
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