JP2007326482A - Sound absorbing body and movement body using this - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a movement body effectively absorbing noise in the periphery of the movement body and provided with a series of environment-resistance performance. <P>SOLUTION: The panel-like sound absorbing body 2 is mounted ton an outer surface 11 of a body 1 constituting the movement body. The sound absorbing body 2 is provided with a laminated body 3 having a coating film 31 comprising silicone rubber, a first porous body layer 32 superposed on a front surface side (side opposed to a wall surface or the like of tunnel) of the coating film 31 and a second porous body layer 33 superposed on a back surface side (side opposed to body of the movement body) of the coating film 31; a water-proof layer 4 for covering an outer surface of the laminated body 3; a plate-like reinforcement layer 5 arranged in parallel to the laminated body 3 at a front surface side of the water-proof layer 4; a plate-like flame-proof layer 6 arranged, if necessary, in parallel to the laminated body between the front surface side of the first porous body layer 32 and the water-proof layer 4; and a plate-like protection layer 7 arranged, if necessary, in parallel to the laminated body 3 between the reinforcement layer 5 and the water-proof layer 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a sound absorbing body and a moving body using the same, and more particularly to a moving body having a noise reduction function mounted on a moving body that moves at high speed such as a vehicle.

  In general, in a moving body such as a vehicle that moves at high speed, a sound absorbing material is provided on the side of the interior of the dash panel that partitions the engine room and the passenger compartment of the moving body from the viewpoint of improving the quietness of the interior of the moving body. Attachment is performed (for example, refer patent document 1).

  Here, as the sound absorbing material, a material in which a porous base material such as felt or polyurethane foam is laminated on the back surface of a sound insulating material such as a rubber sheet is used.

  However, in a mobile body equipped with a noise reduction function having such a configuration, there is a problem that it is not possible to efficiently absorb reverberation sound when traveling in a tunnel. That is, in the configuration in which the sound absorbing material is simply attached to the side surface of the vehicle interior of the dash panel, it is not possible to absorb the reverberant sound generated from the tunnel wall surface during traveling, so that the reverberant sound may reach the interior of the moving body. there were. In addition, in a sound absorbing material in which a porous base material such as felt or polyurethane foam is simply laminated on the back surface of a sound insulating material such as a rubber sheet, there is a problem that the sound absorbing characteristics in the middle to low frequency region of 500 [Hz] or less are inferior. there were.

  For this reason, a method of constructing a sound absorbing material on the outer surface of a moving body that moves at high speed, such as a vehicle, has also been devised. As described above, there is a problem that the environmental resistance performance becomes insufficient.

  First, when felt, polyurethane foam, or the like is used as the sound absorbing material, there is a problem in that sound absorption characteristics, particularly in the low frequency region, deteriorate when exposed felt, polyurethane foam, etc. get wet with water. It was.

  Secondly, in the conventional sound absorbing material, the sound absorbing material is easily weakened and the sound absorbing characteristics are deteriorated due to the influence of the atmospheric pressure when passing with the oncoming vehicle in a tunnel or the like, and the sound absorbing material is easily broken and damaged. There was a fear.

  Thirdly, the conventional sound-absorbing material is inferior in flameproofing, and therefore, smoke may be generated by ignition of the surface of the sound-absorbing material, and the flame may propagate.

  Fourthly, the conventional sound absorbing material is inferior in cold resistance and heat resistance. Therefore, there is a possibility that the sound absorbing characteristic is greatly deteriorated when the moving body travels in a cold region or a very hot region.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-5966

  The present invention can effectively absorb noise around a moving body such as a vehicle that moves at high speed, and has a series of environmental resistances such as water resistance, flame resistance, pressure resistance, and air permeability. An object of the present invention is to provide a sound absorbing body and a moving body using the same.

  The sound absorber according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a film made of silicone rubber or acrylic resin, a first porous body layer laminated on the front side of the film, and a second porous layer laminated on the back side of the film. A laminate having a material layer, a waterproof layer covering the outer surface of the laminate, and a plate-like reinforcing layer disposed in parallel with the laminate on the front side of the waterproof layer.

  The sound absorber according to the second aspect of the present invention includes a film made of silicone rubber or acrylic resin, a first porous body layer laminated on the front side of the film, and a second porous layer laminated on the back side of the film. A first porous body comprising: a laminate having a material layer; a waterproof layer covering an outer surface of the laminate; and a plate-like reinforcing layer disposed in front of the waterproof layer in parallel with the laminate. A plate-like flameproof layer is disposed in parallel with the laminate between the front side of the layer and the waterproof layer.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to the first aspect or the second aspect, a plate-shaped protective layer is disposed in parallel with the laminate between the reinforcing layer and the waterproof layer. .

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to any one of the first to third aspects, a plate-shaped buffer layer is disposed on the back side of the waterproof layer in parallel with the laminate. It is what.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the coating includes an inorganic compound and / or carbon fiber.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to the fifth aspect, the inorganic compound is a compound containing any one of Si, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, and Mg, or Si, Ca, Sr, Ba. And a mixture of compounds containing any one of Al and Mg.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to the fifth aspect, the carbon fiber is an acrylic resin having a fiber diameter of 10 to 30 μm, an average length of 0.3 to 2 mm, and an addition amount of the main resin. On the other hand, it is 0.5 to 10 parts.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, the combustion heat generation amount of the film is 8 MJ / m ² or less.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, the combustion heat generation rate of the film is set to [200 kW / m ² ] · 10 sec or less. It is.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, the first porous body layer and / or the second porous body layer is made of polyethylene terephthalate. Any one of felt, foamed polyethylene, foamed urethane, or a mixture thereof.

  According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, the waterproof layer is formed of a nonflammable and water resistant material. .

  According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, the waterproof layer is formed of metal foil or metal kraft paper.

  According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to any one of the first aspect, the third aspect to the tenth aspect, the front side of the waterproof layer is waterproof and flameproof. It is formed by.

  According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, the front side of the waterproof layer is formed of an aluminum-based glass cloth.

  According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to any one of the first to fourteenth aspects, a ventilation portion is provided on the back side of the waterproof layer.

  According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to any one of the first to fifteenth aspects, air passes through the ventilation portion from the inner surface side of the waterproof layer toward the outer surface side of the waterproof layer. In addition, the water is not formed so that moisture does not pass from the outer surface side of the waterproof layer toward the inner surface side of the waterproof layer.

  According to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to the fifteenth aspect, the ventilation portion is formed of a water repellent glass cloth or Gore-Tex (registered trademark).

  According to an eighteenth aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to any one of the first to seventeenth aspects, the reinforcing layer has a property of protecting the laminated body and transmitting sound. It is what has been.

  According to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to any one of the first to seventeenth aspects, the reinforcing layer is formed of a metal plate having a large number of openings. It is.

  According to a twentieth aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to any one of the first to seventeenth aspects, the reinforcing layer is formed of a punching metal or an expanded metal.

  According to a twenty-first aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorbing body according to the nineteenth aspect, the aperture ratio of the plate-like body is 40 to 70%.

  According to a twenty-second aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to any one of the second to twenty-first aspects, the flameproof layer is formed of a glass cloth.

  According to a twenty-third aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to any one of the third to twenty-second aspects, the protective layer is a finely perforated plate formed by providing a plurality of fine perforations in a metal plate, a metal It is formed of either a nonwoven fabric made of sheet or a plate-like metal porous body, or a combination thereof.

  According to a twenty-fourth aspect of the present invention, in the sound absorber according to any one of the fourth to twenty-third aspects, the buffer layer has an elastic modulus of the first porous body layer or the second porous body. It is formed of a material smaller than the body layer.

  A moving body according to a twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention includes the sound absorbing body according to any one of the first to twenty-fourth aspects, and the sound absorbing body constitutes a sound absorbing body on the outer surface of the body of the moving body. The reinforcing layer is disposed parallel to the outer surface of the body with the outer side facing outward.

  A moving body according to a twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention includes a sound absorbing body according to any one of the first to twenty-fourth aspects, and the sound absorbing body is a metal case having an opening on the front side. The case is disposed with the reinforcing layer constituting the sound absorber facing outward, and the case is disposed on the outer surface of the body of the moving body in parallel with the outer surface of the body with the reinforcing layer facing outward. .

  According to a twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention, in the mobile body according to the twenty-fifth aspect or the twenty-sixth aspect, a concave portion is provided on the outer surface of the body of the mobile body, and a sound absorber or a metal case is arranged in the concave portion. It has been established.

  According to the sound absorber of the first aspect to the twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention and the moving body using the same, a coating made of silicone rubber or acrylic resin is laminated on the outer surface of the body of the moving body, and the front side of the coating is laminated. By arranging a laminated body composed of a first porous body layer and a second porous body layer laminated on the back side of the coating, noise around a moving body such as a vehicle moving at high speed ( Can effectively absorb reverberation from the tunnel wall surface and noise inside the moving body when the moving body travels through the tunnel, and the laminate as a sound-absorbing material can be waterproofed or reinforced. By providing a layer or the like, it is possible to provide a sound absorber having a series of environmental resistances such as water resistance, flame resistance, pressure resistance, and air permeability and a moving body using the same.

  First, by providing a waterproof layer on the outer surface of the laminated body as a sound absorbing material, there is no possibility that the porous body layer constituting the laminated body gets wet with water or the like, and as a result, a sound absorbing body having stable sound absorbing characteristics, and this A moving body using can be provided.

  Secondly, the movable body that can pass the material flame retardant test for vehicles by forming the film constituting the laminate as the sound absorbing material and the first and second porous layers with a material having flame retardancy. In addition, a flameproof layer is provided on the front side of the laminate, or the front side of the waterproof layer is formed of a waterproof and flameproof material, thereby igniting the sound absorbing material. It is possible to provide a sound absorber having excellent flame retardance and a moving body using the same because the smoke generation and flame propagation characteristics are extremely small.

  Third, by disposing a porous body layer on both sides of the film that constitutes the laminate as the sound absorbing material, the porous body layer absorbs the influence of atmospheric pressure generated when an oncoming vehicle passes by in a tunnel or the like. Therefore, it is possible to provide a sound absorber having stable sound absorption characteristics and a moving body using the same.

  Fourthly, by providing a ventilation portion on the back side of the waterproof layer covering the laminate as the sound absorbing material, the pressure in the waterproof layer increases when the oncoming vehicle passes in the tunnel or the like. It is possible to provide a sound absorber that is absorbed by the ventilation portion, and thus has no fear that the waterproof layer will rupture and break, and a moving body using the sound absorber.

  Fifth, by forming the sound absorber as a whole with a material that can withstand a temperature range of −20 to 60 ° C., and a sound absorber having stable sound absorption characteristics even when the moving body passes through a cold region or a hot region, and this The moving body used can be provided.

  Sixth, by providing a reinforcing layer or a protective layer on the front side of the laminate as the sound absorbing material, the laminated body is mechanically protected by the reinforcing layer or the protective layer, and as a result, the laminated body as the sound absorbing material is damaged. It is possible to provide a sound absorber that is not likely to be damaged and a moving body using the sound absorber.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a sound absorber of the present invention and a moving body using the sound absorber will be described with reference to the drawings.
[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a preferred embodiment of a moving body using the sound absorber of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of the sound absorber according to the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, a moving body according to the present invention, for example, a moving body that moves at a high speed, such as a 40-seater bus, has a body 1, and a lower portion of a window 12 provided on an outer surface 11 of the body For example, about 30 panel-shaped sound absorbers 2 are attached. In FIG. 1B, six sound absorbers 2 are shown for the sake of simplicity.

  Each sound absorber 2 has a rectangular shape, and these sound absorbers 2 are configured as shown in FIG.

  In the figure, the sound absorber 2 includes a coating 31 made of silicone rubber, a first porous body layer 32 laminated on the front side of the coating 31 (side facing the wall of the tunnel, etc.) and the back side of the coating 31 ( Laminated body 3 having second porous body layer 33 laminated on the body facing side of movable body, waterproof layer 4 covering the outer surface of laminated body 3, and laminated body on the front side of waterproof layer 4 The plate-like reinforcing layer 5 arranged in parallel with the plate 3 and, if necessary, the plate-like reinforcing layer 5 arranged in parallel with the laminate 3 between the front surface side of the first porous body layer 32 and the waterproof layer 4. A flameproof layer 6 and, if necessary, a plate-like protective layer 7 disposed in parallel with the laminate 3 between the reinforcing layer 5 and the waterproof layer 4 are provided.

  The waterproof layer 4 is made of a non-combustible and water-resistant sheet, and is configured by covering the outer surface of the laminate 3 with such a sheet. As such a nonflammable and water-resistant sheet, an aluminum kraft paper having a thickness of about 20 μm and an aluminum foil having a thickness comparable to the aluminum craft paper are suitable. By covering the outer surface of the laminated body 3 with the sheet having such a configuration, the outer surface of the laminated body 3 is covered, and the first and second porous body layers 32 and 33 constituting the laminated body 3 are water. Therefore, it is possible to provide a sound-absorbing material that has stable sound-absorbing characteristics.

  Reference numeral 8 denotes a ventilation part provided in a part on the back side of the waterproof layer 4, and the ventilation part 8 is formed in, for example, a rectangular opening 41 provided in a part on the back side of the waterproof layer 4. A sheet having water resistance and breathability is provided so as to close the opening 41.

  As such a sheet having water resistance and air permeability, air passes from the inner surface side of the sheet toward the outer surface side of the sheet, and moisture does not enter from the outer surface side of the sheet toward the inner surface side of the sheet, Specifically, water-repellent glass cloth and Gore-Tex (registered trademark) are suitable.

  By providing the ventilation portion 8 having such a configuration on the back side of the waterproof layer 4, an increase in internal pressure of the waterproof layer 4 can be prevented. That is, when the ventilation portion 8 is provided on the back side of the waterproof layer 4 that covers the laminate 3, the pressure in the waterproof layer 4 increases when the oncoming vehicle passes in the tunnel or the like. It is possible to provide a sound absorber that can be absorbed by the ventilation portion 8 and that does not cause the waterproof layer 4 to rupture and be damaged.

  The reinforcing layer 5 is composed of a plate-like body that mechanically protects a laminated body 3 to be described later and transmits sound. Specifically, it is made of a metal plate having a large number of openings, for example, a punching metal or an expanded metal made of stainless steel having an opening ratio of about 40 to 70% and a thickness of about 2 mm. Here, the reason why the aperture ratio of the plate-like body is set to 40 to 70% is that sound is not sufficiently transmitted when the aperture ratio is less than 40%, and when the aperture ratio exceeds 70%, the entire plate-like body is formed. This is because the mechanical strength becomes weak and the laminate 3 is not sufficiently protected.

  The flameproof layer 6 is intended to reduce smoke generation and flame propagation during ignition of the laminated body 3 and prevent the laminated body 3 from burning. Such a flameproof layer 6 may be a vehicle material. A glass cloth that can pass the flame retardant test is suitable.

  Here, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the flameproof layer 6 is disposed between the front surface side of the first porous body layer 32 and the waterproof layer 4, but the flameproof layer 6 is the waterproof layer 4 itself. May have a flameproof function. Specifically, only the front side of the waterproof layer 4 may be formed of a waterproof and flameproof material, for example, a metal cloth such as an aluminum glass cloth.

  The protective layer 7 is a barrier layer for protecting the laminate 3 from physical impact. Specifically, a large number of metal plates made of aluminum or the like having a thickness of about 1 to 2 mm have a diameter of 1.0 mm or less. Either a finely perforated plate (MPP) in which individual fine perforations are provided in the form of dots, a metal nonwoven fabric or a plate-like metal porous body (foamed metal) having a three-dimensional network structure, or a combination of these materials It is composed of By providing such a protective layer 7 on the front surface side of the laminate 3, the laminate 3 can be protected from physical impact and the sound absorption characteristics can be further improved.

  The coating 31 constituting the laminate 3 is a material that exhibits excellent sound absorption characteristics in a low frequency region of 100 Hz to 200 Hz, specifically, a sound absorbing material that has been previously developed and filed by the present inventors (special feature). Application 2005-77593) is preferred.

  The sound absorbing material includes a coating 31 made of silicone rubber, and the coating 31 is made of a material that has flame retardancy and does not generate harmful gases during combustion. Specifically, a compound containing any one of Si, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, Mg or Si, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, Mg in a ratio of 2: 1 to 1: 1 in the silicone rubber It is formed by mixing an inorganic compound composed of a mixture of compounds containing any one of the above.

  In the coating film 31 having such a configuration, a high bulk density and a small particle diameter of barium sulfate or the like are mixed into the porous chamber portion of the silicone rubber having a network structure, so that it is nonflammable and flexible, and has a predetermined value. It is possible to form a film having an areal density.

  The coating 31 is integrated with first and second porous layers 32 and 33, which will be described later, by adhesion, silicone graft reaction, etc., in order to improve the flexibility of the product form and simplify the construction at the site. It is preferable to do.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the sound absorption coefficient, surface density, film thickness, heat generation amount, and heat generation rate of the film 31 in the example of the present invention together with a comparative example.

  Here, the film 31 in this example is formed of silicone rubber mixed with silica, calcium carbonate, strontium carbonate, and barium sulfate in a ratio of 2: 1. A film made of urethane is used as a comparative example. ing.

  The calorific value was measured by the method specified in Article 2, Item 9 of the Building Standard Law, and the heat generation rate was measured by the method specified by ISO5660.

From the figure, the film 31 in the present embodiment can obtain the same sound absorption coefficient and surface density as those of the comparative example even if the film thickness is made about 1/3 thinner than the film thickness of the comparative example. Moreover, it can adapt to the nonflammable grade prescribed | regulated to Building Standard Act Article 2 No. 9, and also can make a combustion heat release rate less than [200kW / m < ² >] * 10sec.

  Next, various performances required for the coating 31 having such a configuration will be described.

First, it is preferable to use a coating 31 having a combustion heat generation amount per unit volume of 8 MJ / m ² or less. This is because if the calorific value of combustion per unit volume of the coating 31 exceeds 8 MJ / m ² , it cannot conform to the non-combustible grade specified in Article 2, Item 9 of the Building Standards Act, which is the applicable law of the product according to this embodiment. . Note that the amount of heat generated by combustion of the coating 31 can be adjusted by the type and amount of the inorganic filler added to the raw material resin for the coating 31.

According to the film 31 made of silicone rubber containing such an inorganic compound, in a test piece having a width of 100 mm, a length of 100 mm, and a thickness of 3 to 50 mm, the combustion heat generation per unit volume in the combustion heat generation test specified by ISO 5660 The amount can be 8 MJ / m ² or less.

Second, it is preferable to use a film 31 having a heat generation rate of combustion of [200 kW / m ² ] · 10 sec or less. This is because if the combustion heat generation rate of the film 31 exceeds [200 kW / m ² ] · 10 sec, it does not conform to the non-combustible grade specified in Article 2, Item 9 of the Building Standard Law.

According to the coating 31 made of silicone rubber containing such an inorganic compound, a combustion exothermic rate of 200 kW is measured in a test piece having a width of 100 mm, a length of 100 mm, and a thickness of 3 to 50 mm in a combustion exotherm rate test specified by ISO5660. / M ² ] • Can be 10 sec or less.

  Next, the first porous body layer 32 laminated on the front side of the coating 31 and the second porous body layer 33 laminated on the back side of the coating 31 are polyethylene terephthalate (PET) felt, foamed polyethylene, It is formed of any one of foamed polyurethane or a mixture thereof.

  Here, by laminating the first and second porous body layers 32 and 33 on both sides of the film 31, the film 31 part acts as an additional mass, that is, a role of a weight, and the first and second porous layers The body layers 32 and 33 act as a spring, that is, an air spring, and can absorb sound by membrane vibration. Further, by providing the porous layers 32 and 33 on both sides of the film 31, it is possible to absorb the pressure fluctuation when the vehicle enters and exits the tunnel or the pressure fluctuation generated when passing the oncoming vehicle. It is possible to provide a sound-absorbing material that does not break or damage. In particular, in a laminated body in which the first and second porous body layers 32 and 33 made of urethane foam are disposed on both sides of the film 31 made of silicone, the thickness of the laminated body is set to a conventional one as described later ( The film 31 made of silicone can be formed to be about 1/2 thinner than the laminated body in which the first and second porous body layers 32 and 33 made of glass wool are disposed on both sides, and thus light and compact. A sound absorber can be provided.

  FIG. 4 shows that the thickness of the film (silicone rubber) 31 is 0.5 mm, the thickness of the first porous body layer (foamed urethane) 32 is 19 mm, and the thickness of the second porous body layer (foamed urethane) 33. The sound absorption characteristic of the laminated body 3 as the sound absorbing material in the first embodiment with a thickness of 23 mm is shown.

  From the figure, it can be seen that the laminate 3 as the sound absorbing material in the first embodiment exhibits excellent sound absorbing characteristics in a low frequency region of about 250 Hz or less.

  Next, a method for attaching the thus configured sound absorber 2 to the outer surface 11 of the moving body 1 will be described.

  First, the sound absorber 2 is housed in a metal case 20 made of a stainless steel case (thickness of about 2 mm) as shown in FIG. 5 in order to improve the overall strength.

  In FIG. 5A, the case 20 is open on the front surface side, and is provided with a single partition wall 21 at the center to form two storage portions 22 and 22 as a whole. It has a shape. Here, the two storage portions 22 and 22 are designed to be substantially equal to the dimensions of the sound absorber 2. Specifically, the horizontal dimension L1 of the storage units 22 and 22 is 80 mm, the vertical dimension L2 is 607 mm, and the depth dimension is 910 mm. The case 20 may be an aluminum case instead of the stainless steel case.

  In each of the storage portions 22 and 22 of the case 20 having such a configuration, the laminate 3 and the protective layer 7 having the waterproof layer 4 are sequentially stored from the front surface side (opening portion side) as indicated by an arrow. By covering the front side (open portion) of 22 with the reinforcing layer 5, the sound absorber 2 covered with the metal case 22 as shown in FIG. 5B is obtained. Thereby, the laminated body 3, the flameproof layer 6 and the waterproof layer 4 constituting the sound absorber 2 are made of the housing portions 22, 22 of the metal case 20, the protective layer 7 (micro perforated plate) and / or the reinforcing layer 5 (punching). It is mechanically protected by (metal). The metal case 20 is attached to the outer surface 11 of the moving body 1 by conventional means.

  FIG. 6 shows the measurement result of the noise level in the room of the moving body (bus) when traveling in the tunnel at a speed of 60 km / h. Here, the comparative example is equipped with a conventional sound absorber that does not have a series of environmental resistance such as water resistance, flame resistance, pressure resistance and breathability (only a porous layer is provided on both sides of the film). In this example, the sound absorber according to the first embodiment, that is, a laminated body (made of silicone rubber having a thickness of 0.5 mm) is formed on the outer surface of the body of the moving body. The first porous body layer made of polyethylene foam having a thickness of 19 mm is laminated on the front side of the film 31 and the second porous body layer made of polyethylene foam having a thickness of 23 mm is laminated on the back side) The outer surface is covered with a waterproof layer made of aluminum kraft paper with a thickness of 20 μm, a fireproof layer made of glass cloth on the front side of the waterproof layer, a protective layer made of aluminum nonwoven fabric with a thickness of 1.0 mm, thickness Is about 2 mm and the aperture ratio is 40 It shows the power level of the mobile body using the sound absorbing body according to the first embodiment sequentially arranged a reinforcing layer made of the extent of stainless steel punching metal. The noise level was measured according to JIS A 1409: 1998 “Method for measuring sound absorption coefficient of reverberation room method”.

  From the figure, the moving body in this example has a noise reduction amount of 30 [dB] as in the comparative example, and the non-flammability also passes the vehicle material combustion test as in the comparative example, and is water resistant. It is recognized that both the heat resistance and the atmospheric pressure resistance are superior to those of the comparative example, and the moving body using the sound absorbing body in the present invention is effective as a countermeasure for preventing the echo sound, and the water resistance, flame resistance, and pressure resistance. It can also be seen that a series of environmental resistance such as air permeability is satisfied.

As described above, according to the moving body using the sound absorbing body of the present invention, the sound absorbing body having a coating made of silicone rubber or the like is disposed on the outer surface of the body constituting the moving body such as a vehicle that moves at high speed. Therefore, it is possible to effectively absorb noise around the moving body (such as reverberation sound from the wall of the tunnel generated when the moving body travels inside the tunnel, noise inside the moving body, etc.) A moving object that satisfies a series of environmental resistances such as flame resistance, pressure resistance, and air permeability can be provided.
[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the sound absorber according to the present invention. In the figure, parts common to those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, a plate-like buffer layer 9 is disposed in parallel with the laminate 3 on the back side of the waterproof layer 4 shown in FIG. 2.

  The buffer layer 9 is provided to disperse the pressure applied to the first and second porous body layers 32 and 33, and its elastic modulus is that of the first and second porous body layers 32 and 33. It is made of a material smaller than the elastic modulus. Specifically, it is formed from foamed urethane, liquid-sealed silicone resin, or the like.

  In the sound absorber 2 ′ having the buffer layer 9 configured as described above, the first and second porous body layers 32, 33 and the atmospheric pressure generated when the vehicle enters and exits the tunnel and the atmospheric pressure generated when passing the oncoming vehicle are used. When absorbing by the buffer layer 9, the buffer layer 9 having a reduced elastic modulus is deformed before the first and second porous body layers 32, 33 having an increased elastic modulus. By reducing the deformation of the porous body layers 32 and 33, it is possible to prevent the sound absorption characteristics of the laminate 3 as the sound absorbing material from being deteriorated.

In this embodiment as well, as in the first embodiment, a moving body such as a silicone rubber film is disposed on the outer surface of a body constituting a moving body such as a vehicle that moves at high speed. It is possible to provide a moving body that can effectively absorb noise around the environment and satisfy a series of environmental resistance performances. Further, by disposing a buffer layer on the back side of the waterproof layer, a porous body can be provided. The pressure applied to the layer can be dispersed, and as a result, a moving body having more stable sound absorption characteristics can be provided.
[Third Embodiment]
In the above-described embodiments, the case where silicone rubber containing an inorganic compound is used as the coating has been described. However, an acrylic resin containing an inorganic compound may be used instead of silicone rubber.

  In this embodiment, the film 31 is a compound containing any one of Si, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, Mg or Si, Ca, Sr, It is formed by mixing an inorganic compound made of a mixture of compounds containing any one of Ba, Al, and Mg and the following carbon fiber.

  In the film 31 having such a configuration, by adding carbon fiber to the acrylic resin, a resin film having a predetermined surface density can be formed in addition to being nonflammable and flexible.

  Here, it is preferable to use carbon fibers having a fiber diameter of 10 to 30 μm, an average length of 0.3 to 2 mm, and an addition amount of 0.5 to 10 parts relative to the main acrylic resin. Here, the fiber diameter is set to 10 to 30 μm because the bond between the resins is lowered when the fiber diameter is less than 10 μm, and the flexibility of the resin is lowered when the fiber diameter exceeds 30 μm. The average length is set to 0.3 to 2 mm because the bond between the resins decreases when the average length is less than 0.3 mm, and the average length exceeds 2 mm. This is because the flexibility of the resin is lowered. Furthermore, the reason why the addition amount is set to 0.5 to 10 parts with respect to the main acrylic resin is that when the addition amount is less than 0.5 parts with respect to the main acrylic resin, the bond between the resins decreases. This is because when the amount exceeds 10 parts with respect to the main acrylic resin, the flexibility of the resin decreases.

  FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the sound absorption coefficient, surface density, film thickness, heat generation amount, and heat generation rate of the resin film in the third embodiment together with a comparative example.

  Here, the film 31 in the third embodiment is formed by mixing silica, calcium carbonate, strontium carbonate, barium sulfate, aluminum hydroxide, and magnesium hydroxide in an acrylic resin at a ratio of 2: 1. As a comparative example, a resin film made of urethane is used.

  The calorific value was measured by the method specified in Article 2, Item 9 of the Building Standard Law, and the heat generation rate was measured by the method specified by ISO5660.

From the figure, the film 31 in the third embodiment can obtain the same sound absorption coefficient and surface density as those in the comparative example even if the film thickness is about 1/3 thinner than the film thickness in the comparative example. . Moreover, it can adapt to the nonflammable grade prescribed | regulated to Building Standard Act Article 2 No. 9, and also can make a combustion heat release rate less than [200kW / m < ² >] * 10sec.
[Fourth Embodiment]
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of a metal case in another embodiment in which the sound absorber 2 is housed.

  In FIG. 9A, in this embodiment, the front surface side and one side surface side of the case 20 ′ are opened, and two partition walls 21 ′ are provided in parallel at a predetermined interval in the central portion, so that as a whole Three rectangular storage portions 22 ′, 22 ′ and 22 ′ are formed when viewed from the side. Here, the three storage portions 22 ′, 22 ′, and 22 ′ are designed to be substantially equal to the dimensions of the sound absorbers 2 and 2 ′, similarly to the case 20 shown in FIG. 5. The case 20 ′ having such a configuration can be easily formed by combining a plurality of U-shaped channel members and a plurality of rectangular plate members.

  Each storage part 22 ', 22', 22 'of the case 20' having such a structure has a cubic shape in which a laminate 3 having a waterproof layer 4 and a protective layer 7 are disposed as indicated by an arrow from the side surface side. The sound absorbers 2 and 2 'excluding the reinforcing layer 5 are accommodated, the reinforcing layer 5 is disposed on the front side of the case 22', and the plate member 23 is disposed on one side surface, whereby FIG. ), The sound absorbers 2 and 2 'covered with the metal case 22' can be obtained.

  Also in this embodiment, the sound absorbers 2, 2 'are covered with the metal case 22', whereby the overall strength can be improved.

  In the above-described embodiments, the present invention is described with specific embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and as long as the effects of the present invention are exhibited, You may comprise as follows.

  First, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the sound absorbing body is directly disposed on the outer surface of the body is described. However, the sound absorbing body is disposed at a lower portion of the outer surface of the body constituting the moving body. A sufficient concave portion may be provided, and a panel-like sound absorber that is covered with a case in the concave portion may be disposed in parallel to the outer surface of the body.

  Secondly, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the sound absorbing body is provided on the outer surface of the body constituting the moving body such as the bus is described. However, the outside of the body constituting the moving body such as the truck and the Shinkansen is described. A sound absorber may be provided on the side surface.

  Thirdly, in the above-described embodiment, the case where a protective layer is disposed between the laminated body and the reinforcing layer as the sound absorbing material is described. However, the laminated body as the sound absorbing material is mechanically formed only by the reinforcing layer. If protection is possible, the protective layer may not be provided.

  Fourthly, in the above-described embodiments, the case where the film is integrated with the porous body layer by means such as adhesion or silicone graft reaction is described. However, the film and / or the porous body layer is heated to form the film. And when it becomes temperature (for example, 80 degreeC) which a porous body layer softens, you may integrate both by giving a some pressure.

Fifth, in the above-described embodiment, the combustion heat generation amount and the combustion heat generation rate of the film are described. However, the combustion heat generation amount of the low-frequency sound absorbing material itself is 8 MJ / m ² or less, and the combustion heat generation rate is [200 kW / m. ² ] · 10 sec or less.

It is explanatory drawing of the moving body using the sound-absorbing body in this invention, a divided figure (a) is a front view of a moving body, and a divided figure (b) is a side view of a moving body. Sectional drawing of the sound absorber in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the mixing ratio of the silicone rubber and filler in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the sound-absorption characteristic of the sound-absorbing material (laminated body) in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is explanatory drawing which shows the accommodation condition in the case of the sound absorber in the 1st Embodiment of this invention, a divided figure (a) is sectional drawing which shows the accommodation condition in the case of a sound absorber, and a divided figure (b) is sound absorption Sectional drawing of the case which accommodated the body. Explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the power level and frequency of a moving body using the sound absorber in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing of the sound absorber in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the mixing ratio of the acrylic resin and filler in other embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the accommodation condition in the case of the sound absorber in other embodiment of this invention, a divided figure (a) is a perspective view which shows the accommodation condition in the case of a sound absorber, and a divided figure (b) is a sound absorber. The perspective view of the case which accommodated.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Body 11 ... Outer surface 2, 2 '... Sound absorption body 3 ... Laminated body (sound absorption material)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 31 ... Film 32 ... 1st porous body layer 33 ... 2nd porous body layer 4 ... Waterproof layer 5 ... Reinforcement layer 6 ... Flameproof layer 7 ... Protective layer 20, 20 '... case

Claims (27)

  A laminate comprising a coating made of silicone rubber or acrylic resin, a first porous body layer laminated on the front side of the coating, and a second porous body layer laminated on the back side of the coating, and the lamination A sound absorbing body comprising: a waterproof layer covering an outer surface of a body; and a plate-like reinforcing layer disposed in parallel to the laminate on the front side of the waterproof layer. A laminate comprising a coating made of silicone rubber or acrylic resin, a first porous body layer laminated on the front side of the coating, and a second porous body layer laminated on the back side of the coating, and the lamination A waterproof layer covering the outer surface of the body, and a plate-like reinforcing layer disposed in parallel with the laminate on the front side of the waterproof layer,
A sound absorber, wherein a plate-like flameproof layer is disposed in parallel with the laminate between the front side of the first porous body layer and the waterproof layer.   The sound absorbing body according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plate-like protective layer is disposed in parallel with the laminated body between the reinforcing layer and the waterproof layer.   The sound absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plate-like buffer layer is disposed on the back side of the waterproof layer in parallel with the laminate.   The sound absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the film contains an inorganic compound and / or carbon fiber.   The inorganic compound is composed of a compound containing any one of Si, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, and Mg or a mixture of compounds containing any one of the Si, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, and Mg. The sound absorber according to claim 5.   6. The carbon fiber according to claim 5, wherein the carbon fiber has a fiber diameter of 10 to 30 [mu] m, an average length of 0.3 to 2 mm, and an addition amount of 0.5 to 10 parts relative to the main acrylic resin. Sound absorber. The sound absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a combustion heat generation amount of the film is 8 MJ / m ² or less. The sound absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a combustion heat generation rate of the film is [200 kW / m ² ] · 10 sec or less.   The first porous body layer and / or the second porous body layer is made of polyethylene terephthalate felt, foamed polyethylene, foamed urethane, or a mixture thereof. The sound absorber according to any one of 9.   The sound absorbing body according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the waterproof layer is formed of a nonflammable and water resistant material.   11. The sound absorber according to claim 1, wherein the waterproof layer is made of metal foil or metal kraft paper.   11. The sound absorber according to claim 1, wherein the front surface side of the waterproof layer is formed of a waterproof and flameproof material.   The sound absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a front side of the waterproof layer is formed of an aluminum-based glass cloth.   The sound absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein a ventilation portion is provided on a back side of the waterproof layer.   The ventilation portion is formed by a structure in which air passes from the inner surface side of the waterproof layer toward the outer surface side of the waterproof layer, and moisture does not pass from the outer surface side of the waterproof layer toward the inner surface side of the waterproof layer. The sound absorber according to claim 15, wherein the sound absorber is formed.   The sound-absorbing body according to claim 15, wherein the ventilation portion is formed of a water-repellent glass cloth or Gore-Tex (registered trademark).   18. The sound absorber according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing layer is formed of a material that protects the laminated body and transmits sound.   18. The sound absorber according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing layer is formed of a metal plate having a large number of openings.   The sound absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the reinforcing layer is formed of a punching metal or an expanded metal.   The sound absorbing body according to claim 19, wherein an aperture ratio of the plate-shaped body is 40 to 70%.   The sound absorber according to any one of claims 2 to 21, wherein the flameproof layer is made of glass cloth.   The protective layer is formed of any one of a finely perforated plate formed by providing a plurality of fine perforations in a metal plate, a metal nonwoven fabric, a plate-like metal porous body, or a combination thereof. The sound absorber according to any one of claims 3 to 22.   24. The buffer layer according to any one of claims 4 to 23, wherein the buffer layer is formed of a material whose elastic modulus is smaller than that of the first porous body layer or the second porous body layer. The sound absorber according to the item.   25. The sound absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the sound absorber has an outer surface of the body facing a reinforcing layer constituting the sound absorber on an outer surface of the body of the moving body. A moving body characterized by being arranged in parallel.   25. The sound absorber according to any one of claims 1 to 24, wherein the sound absorber is housed in a metal case having an opening on the front side with a reinforcing layer constituting the sound absorber facing outward. The moving body is characterized in that the case is disposed on the outer surface of the body of the moving body in parallel with the outer surface of the body with the reinforcing layer facing outward. 27. The movement according to claim 25 or 26, wherein a concave portion is provided on an outer surface of the body of the movable body, and the sound absorbing body or the metal case is disposed in the concave portion. body.

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