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JP2007309839A - Battery pack condition measuring device, degradation of battery pack discrimination method and program for the same - Google Patents

Battery pack condition measuring device, degradation of battery pack discrimination method and program for the same Download PDF

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JP2007309839A
JP2007309839A JP2006140589A JP2006140589A JP2007309839A JP 2007309839 A JP2007309839 A JP 2007309839A JP 2006140589 A JP2006140589 A JP 2006140589A JP 2006140589 A JP2006140589 A JP 2006140589A JP 2007309839 A JP2007309839 A JP 2007309839A
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assembled battery
voltage
average value
unit
battery
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Ken Aoyama
謙 青山
Takayuki Toyoda
貴之 豊田
Toshiaki Yabumoto
俊昭 薮本
Hitoshi Shishido
仁 宍戸
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Furukawa Battery Co Ltd
Toyota Motor Corp
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Furukawa Battery Co Ltd
Fuji Electric Systems Co Ltd
Toyota Motor Corp
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Priority to JP2006140589A priority Critical patent/JP2007309839A/en
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simply determine the degradation of a battery pack, while keeping the determination accuracy for the battery pack used as an emergency power supply facility. <P>SOLUTION: The battery pack condition measuring device 7 measures the voltage of each unit cell of the battery pack 3, after periodically detecting the discharge of the battery pack 3, then calculates the mean voltage of each unit cell, at the same time; this mean voltage and the voltage of each unit cell are compared, the unit cells are selected, the voltage of which are lower than the mean value; and from the difference between the voltage of the selected unit cell and the mean value are compared with the threshold, and the degradation condition of the battery pack 3 is determined. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は組電池状態測定装置、組電池劣化判定方法および組電池劣化判定プログラムに関し、特に、非常用電源設備として用いられる組電池の劣化判定方法に適用して好適なものである。   The present invention relates to an assembled battery state measurement device, an assembled battery deterioration determination method, and an assembled battery deterioration determination program, and is particularly suitable for application to an assembled battery deterioration determination method used as an emergency power supply facility.

鉛蓄電池は単位電池（セル）当たりの起電力が制限されることから所定の電圧が得られるように、例えば、２４セルや４８セル分の単位電池を組電池として構成して運用することが一般的に行われている。また、必要な容量が得られるようにするために、単位電池を並列に接続して用いられることもある。すなわち、組電池は、用途に応じた容量および電圧を確保するために、複数の単位電池を直並列に接続して構成される。   Since lead-acid batteries are limited in electromotive force per unit battery (cell), for example, unit batteries for 24 cells or 48 cells are generally configured and operated as an assembled battery so that a predetermined voltage can be obtained. Has been done. In order to obtain a required capacity, unit batteries may be connected in parallel and used. That is, the assembled battery is configured by connecting a plurality of unit batteries in series and parallel in order to ensure a capacity and voltage according to the application.

その際、鉛蓄電池には寿命があることから組電池にも寿命があり、組電池の経済性および信頼性の面から組電池の寿命を正確に判定し、組電池の交換時期を的確に把握できるようにする方法が望まれている。
組電池の劣化形態としては、組電池全体でほぼ均一に劣化が進行する場合もあるが、組電池を構成する一部の単位電池の劣化に起因する場合もある。組電池を構成する一部の単位電池の劣化の原因としては、組電池を構成する単位電池間の製造バラツキに起因する初期からの特性差、あるいは運用中の温度差などの環境条件に起因する劣化の進行の違いなどが考えられる。さらに、この組電池を構成する単位電池間の劣化のバラツキは運用時間の延長とともに拡大していく。 At that time, since the lead-acid battery has a lifetime, the assembled battery also has a lifetime. From the viewpoint of the economic and reliability of the assembled battery, the life of the assembled battery is accurately determined, and the replacement time of the assembled battery is accurately grasped. There is a need for a way to make it possible.
As a deterioration mode of the assembled battery, there are cases where the deterioration progresses almost uniformly in the entire assembled battery, but there are also cases where it is caused by deterioration of some unit cells constituting the assembled battery. The cause of deterioration of some unit cells constituting the assembled battery is caused by environmental characteristics such as a difference in characteristics from the initial stage due to manufacturing variation among the unit cells constituting the assembled battery, or a temperature difference during operation. Differences in the progress of deterioration can be considered. Furthermore, the variation in deterioration among the unit batteries constituting the assembled battery increases as the operation time is extended.

そして、組電池として運用される際には、これらの単位電池の特性の低下が組電池としての特性の低下を引き起こす。特に、劣化が進行した単位電池があると、その単位電池の放電時の電圧の低下が激しくなり、組電池の総電圧の低下を加速し、組電池に対する性能の要求を果たせなくなることから、組電池としての放電時間の短縮を招くようになる。
ここで、例えば、特許文献１には、車両走行時などの組電池の通常の使用中に組電池を構成する単位電池の異常を検出できるようにするため、所定電力放電時の電圧変化を測定し、この時の放電挙動を調べることにより、セルの異常を診断する方法が開示されている。 And when it operates as an assembled battery, the fall of the characteristic of these unit batteries causes the fall of the characteristic as an assembled battery. In particular, if there is a unit battery that has deteriorated, the voltage drop at the time of discharge of the unit battery becomes severe, accelerating the decrease in the total voltage of the battery pack, and cannot meet the performance requirements for the battery pack. The discharge time as a battery is shortened.
Here, for example, in Patent Document 1, a voltage change at the time of discharging a predetermined power is measured in order to be able to detect an abnormality of a unit battery constituting the assembled battery during normal use of the assembled battery such as when the vehicle is running. A method for diagnosing cell abnormality by examining the discharge behavior at this time is disclosed.

また、例えば、特許文献２には、鉛蓄電池の劣化状態の検知や容量の推定を精度よく行えるようにするために、１〜１０００Ｈｚのいずれかの周波数の交流電源にて鉛蓄電池の交流インピーダンスを測定する方法が開示されている。
また、特許文献３には、主たる充放電が終了してから２分以上の時間が経過し、各単電池の端子電圧が安定してからモジュール端子の端子電圧を測定し、単電池の劣化による充放電時の端子電圧のバラツキに影響されることなく、過放電等による故障を確実に検出することができる組電池の故障検出装置が開示されている。 Further, for example, in Patent Document 2, in order to accurately detect the deterioration state of the lead storage battery and estimate the capacity, the AC impedance of the lead storage battery is set with an AC power source having a frequency of 1 to 1000 Hz. A method of measuring is disclosed.
Moreover, in patent document 3, the time of 2 minutes or more passes after main charging / discharging is completed, and after the terminal voltage of each single cell is stabilized, the terminal voltage of the module terminal is measured. A battery pack failure detection device is disclosed that can reliably detect a failure due to overdischarge or the like without being affected by variations in terminal voltage during charging and discharging.

また、特許文献４には、複数の単セルから構成されるモジュールのモジュール内標準偏差と複数のモジュールのモジュール内標準偏差の平均値とに基づいて、モジュールが異常セルを有するかどうかを判定する方法が開示されている。
また、特許文献５には、各単位電池の電圧を測定し、その平均値を算出するとともに、この平均値と各単位電池との差の絶対値を自乗し、これを合計して単位電池の個数で除すことによりその分散を求め、この値を表示器に表示する方法が開示されている。 Further, in Patent Document 4, it is determined whether or not a module has an abnormal cell based on an in-module standard deviation of a module composed of a plurality of single cells and an average value of the in-module standard deviations of the plurality of modules. A method is disclosed.
In Patent Document 5, the voltage of each unit battery is measured, the average value is calculated, the absolute value of the difference between this average value and each unit battery is squared, and the sum is summed to determine the unit battery. A method is disclosed in which the variance is obtained by dividing by the number and this value is displayed on a display.

特許第３５５９９００号公報Japanese Patent No. 3559900 特開平５−２８１３１０号公報JP-A-5-281310 特開平９−１５３１１号公報JP-A-9-15311 特許第３６４９０９２号公報Japanese Patent No. 3649092 特開昭５８−９７２７３号公報JP 58-97273 A

しかしながら、特許文献１に開示された方法では、電気自動車のように頻繁に充放電を繰り返すような用途に用いられるため、個々の単位電池の挙動を解析するための処理が煩雑化し、処理に時間を要するとともに装置が複雑化し、非常用電源設備のように定常時充電状態であるような組電池の劣化判定方法には適さないという問題があった。
また、特許文献２に開示された方法では、頻繁に充放電を繰り返すような運用条件では、鉛蓄電池の交流インピーダンスの変化が小さく、組電池の劣化を精度よく判定することができないという問題があった。特に、鉄道用非常用電源などのように計画的に停電が頻繁に繰り返されるような用途には組電池の劣化を正確に判定することができなかった。 However, since the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 is used for applications where charging and discharging are frequently repeated as in an electric vehicle, the processing for analyzing the behavior of individual unit cells becomes complicated, and the processing takes time. In addition, there is a problem that the apparatus becomes complicated and is not suitable for a method for determining deterioration of an assembled battery that is in a steady state charging state as in an emergency power supply facility.
In addition, the method disclosed in Patent Document 2 has a problem in that the change in the AC impedance of the lead storage battery is small and the deterioration of the assembled battery cannot be accurately determined under operating conditions in which charging and discharging are frequently repeated. It was. In particular, it has not been possible to accurately determine the deterioration of the assembled battery in applications where power outages are frequently repeated systematically such as emergency power supplies for railways.

また、特許文献３に開示された方法では、放電が終了してから単電池の端子電圧の測定が行われ、単電池の端子電圧は放電終了時には電池種によって決まる開放電圧に戻ることから、よほど激しい劣化がない限り、組電池の劣化を精度よく検出することができないという問題があった。
また、特許文献４に開示された方法では、複数の単セルから構成されるモジュールの電圧の測定結果に基づいて、モジュールが異常セルを有するかどうかの判定が行われるため、単セルの特性の低下に起因する組電池としての特性の低下を精度よく検出することができないという問題があった。 In the method disclosed in Patent Document 3, the terminal voltage of the unit cell is measured after the discharge is completed, and the terminal voltage of the unit cell returns to the open voltage determined by the battery type at the end of the discharge. As long as there is no severe deterioration, there has been a problem that the deterioration of the assembled battery cannot be detected accurately.
Further, in the method disclosed in Patent Document 4, since it is determined whether or not the module has an abnormal cell based on the measurement result of the voltage of the module composed of a plurality of single cells, the characteristics of the single cell There has been a problem that deterioration in characteristics of the assembled battery due to the deterioration cannot be accurately detected.

また、特許文献５に開示された方法では、終電終期の各単位電池の電圧バラツキに基づいて組電池の電圧バラツキの表示が行われ、終電終期の各単位電池の電圧バラツキは顕著ではないことから、組電池の劣化を精度よく検出することができないという問題があった。
そこで、本発明の目的は、非常用電源設備として用いられる組電池の劣化の判定精度を確保しつつ、組電池の劣化を簡易に判定することが可能な組電池状態測定装置、組電池劣化判定方法および組電池劣化判定プログラムを提供することである。 In addition, in the method disclosed in Patent Document 5, the voltage variation of the assembled battery is displayed based on the voltage variation of each unit battery at the end of the last train, and the voltage variation of each unit cell at the end of the last train is not significant. There is a problem that deterioration of the assembled battery cannot be detected with high accuracy.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an assembled battery state measuring device and an assembled battery deterioration determination that can easily determine deterioration of the assembled battery while ensuring the accuracy of determining deterioration of the assembled battery used as an emergency power supply facility. A method and a battery pack deterioration determination program are provided.

上述した課題を解決するために、請求項１記載の組電池状態測定装置によれば、非常用電源設備として用いられる組電池を構成する各単位電池の放電時の電圧を測定する電圧測定手段と、前記測定された単位電池の電圧の平均値を算出する平均値算出手段と、前記平均値より低い値を有する個々の単位電池の電圧と前記平均値との差分を算出する差分算出手段と、前記平均値との差分としきい値との比較結果に基づいて、前記組電池の劣化状態を判定する組電池状態判定手段とを備えることを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-described problem, according to the assembled battery state measuring device according to claim 1, voltage measuring means for measuring a voltage at the time of discharging of each unit battery constituting the assembled battery used as an emergency power supply facility; An average value calculating means for calculating an average value of the measured voltage of the unit cells; and a difference calculating means for calculating a difference between the voltage of each unit battery having a value lower than the average value and the average value; A battery pack state determination unit that determines a deterioration state of the battery pack based on a comparison result between a difference from the average value and a threshold value is provided.

これにより、充電器の出力電圧の影響を受けることなく、各単位電池の放電時の電圧を検出することが可能となり、個々の単位電池の電圧異常を精度よく検出することが可能となるとともに、単位電池の電圧の平均値との差分を算出することで、非常用電源設備として用いられる組電池の劣化を判定することが可能となる。このため、非常用電源設備として用いられる組電池の劣化の判定精度を確保しつつ、組電池の劣化を簡易に判定することが可能となり、装置構成の簡略化を図りつつ、非常用電源設備のように定常時充電状態であるような組電池の劣化判定を有効に行うことが可能となる。   Thereby, it becomes possible to detect the voltage at the time of discharge of each unit battery without being affected by the output voltage of the charger, and it is possible to accurately detect the voltage abnormality of each unit battery, By calculating the difference from the average voltage of the unit battery, it is possible to determine the deterioration of the assembled battery used as the emergency power supply facility. For this reason, it is possible to easily determine the deterioration of the assembled battery while ensuring the accuracy of determining the deterioration of the assembled battery used as the emergency power supply facility. As described above, it is possible to effectively perform the deterioration determination of the assembled battery which is in the steady state charging state.

また、請求項２記載の組電池劣化判定方法によれば、非常用電源設備として用いられる組電池を負荷に接続したまま前記組電池と充電器とを電気的に遮断するステップと、前記充電器と電気的に遮断された状態で前記組電池を構成する各単位電池の放電時の電圧を測定するステップと、前記測定された単位電池の電圧の平均値を算出するステップと、前記平均値より低い値を有する個々の単位電池の電圧と前記平均値との差分を算出するステップと、前記平均値との差分としきい値との比較結果に基づいて、前記組電池の劣化状態を判定するステップとを備えることを特徴とする。   Further, according to the assembled battery deterioration judging method according to claim 2, the step of electrically disconnecting the assembled battery and the charger while the assembled battery used as an emergency power supply facility is connected to a load; and the charger From the step of measuring the voltage at the time of discharge of each unit battery constituting the assembled battery in an electrically disconnected state, the step of calculating the average value of the voltage of the measured unit battery, A step of calculating a difference between the voltage of each unit battery having a low value and the average value, and a step of determining a deterioration state of the assembled battery based on a comparison result between the difference between the average value and a threshold value. It is characterized by providing.

これにより、組電池を負荷に接続したまま各単位電池の電圧を計測することが可能となり、組電池の実際の運用時における各単位電池の放電時の電圧を検出することが可能となるとともに、充電器の出力電圧の影響を受けることなく、各単位電池の放電時の電圧を検出することが可能となる。このため、個々の単位電池の電圧異常を精度よく検出することが可能となるとともに、単位電池の電圧の平均値との差分を算出することで、非常用電源設備として用いられる組電池の劣化を判定することが可能となり、非常用電源設備として用いられる組電池の劣化の判定精度を確保しつつ、組電池の劣化を簡易に判定することが可能となる。   Thereby, it becomes possible to measure the voltage of each unit battery while the assembled battery is connected to the load, and it becomes possible to detect the voltage at the time of discharging each unit battery during the actual operation of the assembled battery, It is possible to detect the voltage when each unit battery is discharged without being affected by the output voltage of the charger. For this reason, it becomes possible to detect the voltage abnormality of each unit battery with high accuracy, and by calculating the difference from the average value of the voltage of the unit battery, the deterioration of the assembled battery used as an emergency power supply facility can be reduced. It becomes possible to determine, and it becomes possible to easily determine the deterioration of the assembled battery while ensuring the determination accuracy of the deterioration of the assembled battery used as an emergency power supply facility.

また、請求項３記載の組電池劣化判定方法によれば、前記組電池の劣化状態の判定基準となるしきい値を設備運転条件から設定することを特徴とする。
これにより、組電池の放電時間や負荷電流などに応じて組電池の劣化状態を判定することが可能となり、設備容量や運転条件に合わせながら組電池の交換時期を柔軟に設定することが可能となる。 Further, according to the assembled battery deterioration determining method according to claim 3, a threshold value that is a criterion for determining the deterioration state of the assembled battery is set from facility operating conditions.
This makes it possible to determine the deterioration state of the assembled battery according to the discharge time and load current of the assembled battery, and to flexibly set the replacement time of the assembled battery according to the equipment capacity and operating conditions. Become.

また、請求項４記載の組電池劣化判定方法によれば、前記平均値との差分がしきい値より大きな値を有する単位電池の個数に基づいて前記組電池の健全性を判定することを特徴とする。
これにより、組電池の劣化が組電池全体の平均的な劣化に起因するものであるのか、組電池を構成する個々の単位電池の劣化に起因するものであるのかを判断することができ、単位電池の部分交換や全数交換などの対策を決定する際の判断材料とすることが可能となる。 Further, according to the assembled battery deterioration determining method according to claim 4, the soundness of the assembled battery is determined based on the number of unit batteries having a difference from the average value larger than a threshold value. And
This makes it possible to determine whether the deterioration of the assembled battery is due to the average deterioration of the entire assembled battery or the deterioration of the individual unit batteries constituting the assembled battery. It can be used as a judgment material when determining measures such as partial replacement or total replacement of batteries.

また、請求項５記載の組電池劣化判定プログラムによれば、非常用電源設備として用いられる組電池を負荷に接続したまま前記組電池と充電器とを電気的に遮断させるステップと、前記充電器と電気的に遮断された状態で前記組電池を構成する各単位電池の放電時の電圧を測定するステップと、前記測定された単位電池の電圧の平均値を算出するステップと、前記平均値より低い値を有する個々の単位電池の電圧と前記平均値との差分を算出するステップと、前記平均値との差分としきい値との比較結果に基づいて、前記組電池の劣化状態を判定するステップとをコンピュータに実行させることを特徴とする。   In addition, according to the assembled battery deterioration determination program according to claim 5, the step of electrically disconnecting the assembled battery and the charger while the assembled battery used as an emergency power supply facility is connected to a load; and the charger From the step of measuring the voltage at the time of discharge of each unit battery constituting the assembled battery in an electrically disconnected state, the step of calculating the average value of the voltage of the measured unit battery, A step of calculating a difference between the voltage of each unit battery having a low value and the average value, and a step of determining a deterioration state of the assembled battery based on a comparison result between the difference between the average value and a threshold value. And making the computer execute.

これにより、組電池劣化判定プログラムをコンピュータに実行させることで、非常用電源設備として用いられる組電池の劣化の判定精度を確保しつつ、組電池の劣化を簡易に判定することが可能となる。このため、非常用電源設備が長期に渡って運用される場合においても、ハードウェア構成の簡略化を図りつつ、非常用電源設備のように定常時充電状態であるような組電池の劣化判定を有効に行うことが可能となる。   Accordingly, by causing the computer to execute the assembled battery deterioration determination program, it is possible to easily determine the deterioration of the assembled battery while ensuring the determination accuracy of the deterioration of the assembled battery used as the emergency power supply facility. For this reason, even when the emergency power supply equipment is operated for a long period of time, it is possible to determine the deterioration of the assembled battery that is in a steady state charging state like the emergency power supply equipment while simplifying the hardware configuration. It becomes possible to carry out effectively.

以上説明したように、本発明によれば、充電器の出力電圧の影響を受けることなく、各単位電池の放電時の電圧を検出することが可能となり、個々の単位電池の電圧異常を精度よく検出することが可能となるとともに、単位電池の電圧の平均値との差分を算出することで、非常用電源設備として用いられる組電池の劣化を判定することが可能となり、非常用電源設備として用いられる組電池の劣化の判定精度を確保しつつ、組電池の劣化を簡易に判定することが可能となる。   As described above, according to the present invention, it becomes possible to detect the voltage at the time of discharging each unit battery without being affected by the output voltage of the charger, and to accurately detect the voltage abnormality of each unit battery. It is possible to detect, and by calculating the difference from the average value of the voltage of the unit battery, it is possible to determine the deterioration of the assembled battery used as an emergency power supply equipment, and use it as an emergency power supply equipment Therefore, it is possible to easily determine the deterioration of the assembled battery while ensuring the accuracy of determining the deterioration of the assembled battery.

以下、本発明の実施形態に係る組電池状態測定装置および組電池劣化判定方法について図面を参照しながら説明する。
図１は、本発明の一実施形態に係る組電池状態測定装置が用いられる組電池のシステムの概略構成を示すブロック図である。
図１において、電力系統１は、１００Ｖまたは２００Ｖの交流電圧を供給することができる。また、充電器２は、組電池３の充電時に組電池３に接続され、電力系統１から供給される交流電圧を直流電圧に変換してから組電池３に出力することができる。また、組電池３は、インバータ４を介して交流負荷５に接続されるとともに、直流負荷６に直接接続される。なお、組電池３は、鉄道用非常用電源などのように計画的に停電が頻繁に繰り返されるような非常用電源設備として用いることができる。 Hereinafter, an assembled battery state measurement device and an assembled battery deterioration determination method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an assembled battery system in which an assembled battery state measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is used.
In FIG. 1, the power system 1 can supply an AC voltage of 100V or 200V. The charger 2 is connected to the assembled battery 3 when the assembled battery 3 is charged, and can convert the AC voltage supplied from the power system 1 into a DC voltage and output it to the assembled battery 3. The assembled battery 3 is connected to the AC load 5 via the inverter 4 and is directly connected to the DC load 6. In addition, the assembled battery 3 can be used as an emergency power supply facility in which power failures are frequently repeated in a planned manner such as an emergency power supply for railways.

ここで、組電池３は、組電池３の劣化状態を判定する組電池状態測定装置７に常時接続されている。そして、組電池状態測定装置７は、組電池３の放電検出後に組電池３を構成する各単位電池の電圧を所定時間ごとに周期的に計測し、放電時の組電池３の中の各単位電池の同時刻における平均値を算出することができる。そして、この平均値と各単位電池の電圧とを比較し、平均値よりも小さな電圧が計測された単位電池を選別することができる。そして、選別された単位電池の電圧と平均値との差分をしきい値と比較することにより、組電池３の劣化状態を判定することができる。なお、組電池３の放電の検出方法としては、組電池３の電圧が設定値になったかどうかを検出する方法、あるいは放電電流を検出する方法などがある。   Here, the assembled battery 3 is always connected to the assembled battery state measuring device 7 that determines the deterioration state of the assembled battery 3. The assembled battery state measuring device 7 periodically measures the voltage of each unit battery constituting the assembled battery 3 after detecting the discharge of the assembled battery 3 every predetermined time, and each unit in the assembled battery 3 at the time of discharging The average value of the battery at the same time can be calculated. Then, the average value and the voltage of each unit cell can be compared, and the unit cells whose voltage is smaller than the average value can be selected. Then, the deterioration state of the assembled battery 3 can be determined by comparing the difference between the voltage of the selected unit battery and the average value with a threshold value. In addition, as a detection method of the discharge of the assembled battery 3, there are a method of detecting whether the voltage of the assembled battery 3 has reached a set value, a method of detecting a discharge current, or the like.

図２は、図１の組電池状態測定装置７の概略構成を示すブロック図である。
図２において、組電池３には、単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・が設けられている。ここで、単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・は、組電池３の用途に応じた容量および電圧を確保するために、例えば、２４セルや４８セル分の単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・を直並列に接続して構成することができる。
一方、組電池状態測定装置７には、組電池３を構成する各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の放電時の電圧を計測する電圧計Ｖａ、Ｖｂ・・・が設けられるとともに、各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の放電時の電圧を収集するデータ収集部１１、データ収集部１１にて収集された電圧を記憶する内部メモリ１２および各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の放電時の電圧の計測結果に基づいて組電池３の劣化状態を判定する演算機能１３が設けられている。 FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of the assembled battery state measurement device 7 of FIG.
2, the assembled battery 3 is provided with unit batteries 3a to 3c. Here, unit batteries 3a to 3c... Are, for example, unit cells 3a to 3c... For 24 cells or 48 cells in series and parallel in order to ensure the capacity and voltage according to the use of the assembled battery 3. It can be configured by connecting to.
On the other hand, the assembled battery state measuring device 7 is provided with voltmeters Va, Vb,... For measuring voltages at the time of discharging of the unit batteries 3 a to 3 c. The data collection unit 11 that collects the voltage at the time of discharge of 3a to 3c, the internal memory 12 that stores the voltage collected by the data collection unit 11, and the voltage at the time of discharge of each unit battery 3a to 3c. An arithmetic function 13 for determining the deterioration state of the assembled battery 3 based on the measurement result is provided.

ここで、演算機能１３には、組電池３を構成する各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の放電時の電圧の平均値を算出する平均値算出手段１３ａ、平均値より低い値を有する個々の単位電池の電圧とその平均値との差分を算出する差分算出手段１３ｂおよび平均値との差分としきい値との比較結果に基づいて、組電池３の劣化状態を判定する組電池状態判定手段１３ｃが設けられている。   Here, the arithmetic function 13 includes an average value calculation means 13a for calculating an average value of voltages at the time of discharging of the unit batteries 3a to 3c... Constituting the assembled battery 3, and individual units having values lower than the average value. Difference calculation means 13b for calculating the difference between the voltage of the unit battery and the average value thereof, and the assembled battery state determination means 13c for determining the deterioration state of the assembled battery 3 based on the comparison result between the difference between the average value and the threshold value. Is provided.

そして、図１の電力系統１が正常に稼動している場合には、図１の交流負荷５または直流負荷６には電力系統１から電力が供給され、交流負荷５または直流負荷６の作動が行われる。そして、電力系統１が停電状態になると、組電池３と充電器２とが電気的に遮断されるとともに、交流負荷５または直流負荷６には組電池３から電力が供給されながら、交流負荷５または直流負荷６の作動が行われる。   When the power system 1 in FIG. 1 is operating normally, power is supplied from the power system 1 to the AC load 5 or the DC load 6 in FIG. Done. When the power system 1 is in a power failure state, the assembled battery 3 and the charger 2 are electrically disconnected, and the AC load 5 or the DC load 6 is supplied with power from the assembled battery 3 while the AC load 5 is being supplied. Alternatively, the operation of the DC load 6 is performed.

そして、組電池状態測定装置７は組電池３の放電を検出すると、データ収集部１１は、各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の放電時の電圧を電圧計Ｖａ、Ｖｂ・・・を介して収集し、内部メモリ１２に記憶する。そして、データ収集部１１にて収集されたデータが内部メモリ１２に記憶されると、各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の放電時の電圧の平均値が平均値算出手段１３ａにて算出される。そして、各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の放電時の電圧の平均値が算出されると、平均値より低い値を有する個々の単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の電圧とその平均値との差分が差分算出手段１３ｂにて算出される。そして、平均値より低い値を有する個々の単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の電圧とその平均値との差分が差分算出手段１３ｂにて算出されると、組電池状態判定手段１３ｃは、差分算出手段１３ｂにて算出された平均値との差分としきい値との比較結果に基づいて、組電池３の劣化状態を判定する。   When the assembled battery state measuring device 7 detects the discharge of the assembled battery 3, the data collecting unit 11 outputs the voltage at the time of discharging the unit batteries 3a to 3c... Via the voltmeters Va, Vb. Collected and stored in the internal memory 12. Then, when the data collected by the data collecting unit 11 is stored in the internal memory 12, the average value of the voltages at the time of discharging the unit batteries 3a to 3c... Is calculated by the average value calculating means 13a. . And when the average value of the voltage at the time of discharge of each unit battery 3a-3c ... is calculated, the voltage of each unit battery 3a-3c ... which has a value lower than an average value, and its average value The difference is calculated by the difference calculation means 13b. When the difference between the voltages of the individual unit batteries 3a to 3c... Having a value lower than the average value and the average value is calculated by the difference calculation unit 13b, the assembled battery state determination unit 13c calculates the difference. The deterioration state of the assembled battery 3 is determined based on the comparison result between the difference between the average value calculated by the means 13b and the threshold value.

これにより、充電器２の出力電圧の影響を受けることなく、各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の放電時の電圧を検出することが可能となり、個々の単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の電圧異常を精度よく検出することが可能となるとともに、単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の電圧の平均値との差分を算出することで、非常用電源設備として用いられる組電池３の劣化を判定することが可能となる。このため、非常用電源設備として用いられる組電池３の劣化の判定精度を確保しつつ、組電池３の劣化を簡易に判定することが可能となり、装置構成の簡略化を図りつつ、非常用電源設備のように定常時充電状態であるような組電池３の劣化判定を有効に行うことが可能となる。   Thereby, it becomes possible to detect the voltage at the time of discharge of each unit battery 3a-3c ..., without being influenced by the output voltage of the charger 2, and the voltage of each unit battery 3a-3c ... Abnormality can be detected with high accuracy, and deterioration of the assembled battery 3 used as an emergency power supply facility is determined by calculating a difference from the average voltage of the unit batteries 3a to 3c. It becomes possible. For this reason, it is possible to easily determine the deterioration of the assembled battery 3 while ensuring the accuracy of determining the deterioration of the assembled battery 3 used as an emergency power supply facility. It is possible to effectively perform the deterioration determination of the assembled battery 3 that is in a steady state charging state like equipment.

なお、平均値算出手段１３ａ、差分算出手段１３ｂおよび組電池状態判定手段１３ｃは、これらのブロックで行われる処理を遂行させる命令が記述されたプログラムをコンピュータに実行させることにより実現することができる。
そして、このプログラムをＣＤ−ＲＯＭなどの記憶媒体に記憶しておけば、コンピュータに記憶媒体を装着し、そのプログラムをコンピュータにインストールすることにより、平均値算出手段１３ａ、差分算出手段１３ｂおよび組電池状態判定手段１３ｃで行われる処理を実現することができる。また、このプログラムをインターネットやＬＡＮなどの通信網を介してダウンロードすることにより、このプログラムを容易に普及させることができる。 The average value calculating unit 13a, the difference calculating unit 13b, and the assembled battery state determining unit 13c can be realized by causing a computer to execute a program in which an instruction for performing processing performed in these blocks is described.
If this program is stored in a storage medium such as a CD-ROM, the average value calculation means 13a, the difference calculation means 13b and the assembled battery are installed by installing the storage medium in the computer and installing the program in the computer. The processing performed by the state determination unit 13c can be realized. Moreover, this program can be easily spread by downloading this program via a communication network such as the Internet or a LAN.

また、平均値算出手段１３ａ、差分算出手段１３ｂおよび組電池状態判定手段１３ｃで行われる処理を遂行させる命令が記述されたプログラムをコンピュータに実行させる場合、スタンドアロン型コンピュータで実行させるようにしてもよく、ネットワークに接続された複数のコンピュータに分散処理させるようにしてもよい。   Further, when the computer executes a program in which an instruction for performing the processing performed by the average value calculating means 13a, the difference calculating means 13b, and the assembled battery state determining means 13c is executed, it may be executed by a stand-alone computer. Alternatively, distributed processing may be performed by a plurality of computers connected to the network.

図３は、図１の組電池状態測定装置の組電池劣化判定方法を示す図である。
図３において、組電池３の放電開始後の放電時間Ｔの経過に伴って、組電池３を構成する各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・間の電圧Ｖｎのバラツキ幅が拡大し、各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の電圧Ｖｎの平均値Ｖａからの差分ΔＶｎが拡大することが知られている。このため、各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の電圧Ｖｎと平均値Ｖａとを比較することにより、組電池３の劣化状態を判定することができる。なお、各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の電圧Ｖｎの平均値Ｖａからの差分ΔＶｎの許容値は、組電池３を構成する単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の数や種類や容量などによって決定されるため、非常用電源設備に固有と値となる。 FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an assembled battery deterioration determination method of the assembled battery state measurement device of FIG.
In FIG. 3, as the discharge time T after the start of discharge of the assembled battery 3 elapses, the variation width of the voltage Vn between the unit batteries 3a to 3c. It is known that the difference ΔVn from the average value Va of the voltage Vn of 3a to 3c. For this reason, the deterioration state of the assembled battery 3 can be determined by comparing the voltage Vn of each unit battery 3a-3c ... with the average value Va. The allowable value of the difference ΔVn from the average value Va of the voltage Vn of each unit battery 3a to 3c... Is determined by the number, type, capacity, etc. of the unit batteries 3a to 3c. Therefore, the value is specific to the emergency power supply equipment.

具体的には、図２のデータ収集部１１は、組電池３の放電検出後に所定時間ごとに組電池３を構成する各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・のセル電圧Ｖｎを周期的に収集し、平均値算出手段１３ａは、各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の設定時刻Ｔ１における放電時の電圧Ｖｎの平均値Ｖａを算出する。そして、差分算出手段１３ｂは、この平均値Ｖａと各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の電圧Ｖｎとを比較し、平均値Ｖａよりも小さな電圧Ｖｎが計測された単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・を選別する。さらに、差分算出手段１３ｂは、設定時刻Ｔ１における個々の単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の電圧Ｖｎと平均値Ｖａとの差分ΔＶｎを求め、差分ΔＶｎの大きい順に各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・のデータを並べ替える。以上の処理を各測定周期ごとに周期的に繰り返し、単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の電圧Ｖｎと平均値Ｖａとの差分ΔＶをしきい値と比較することにより、組電池３の所定時間に放電後に差分ΔＶがしきい値を超えた単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・を特定する。そして、組電池状態判定手段１３ｃは、差分ΔＶがしきい値を超えた単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・が存在する場合、単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・が劣化していると判定することができる。また、組電池状態判定手段１３ｃは、平均値Ｖａとの差分ΔＶがしきい値より大きな値を有する単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の個数に基づいて組電池３の健全性を判定することができ、差分ΔＶがしきい値より大きな値を有する単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の個数の全体に占める割合が所定値以上になった場合、組電池３全体が劣化していると判定することができる。   Specifically, the data collection unit 11 in FIG. 2 periodically collects the cell voltages Vn of the unit batteries 3a to 3c... Constituting the assembled battery 3 every predetermined time after the discharge of the assembled battery 3 is detected. The average value calculation means 13a calculates the average value Va of the voltage Vn at the time of discharge at the set time T1 of each of the unit batteries 3a to 3c. And the difference calculation means 13b compares this average value Va with the voltage Vn of each unit battery 3a-3c ..., unit battery 3a-3c ... in which the voltage Vn smaller than average value Va was measured. Sort out. Further, the difference calculation means 13b obtains a difference ΔVn between the voltage Vn and the average value Va of the individual unit batteries 3a to 3c... At the set time T1, and each unit battery 3a to 3c. Sort the data. The above processing is periodically repeated for each measurement cycle, and the difference ΔV between the voltage Vn and the average value Va of the unit batteries 3a to 3c. The unit cells 3a to 3c... In which the difference ΔV exceeds the threshold after discharging are specified. And the assembled battery state determination means 13c determines with unit battery 3a-3c ... having deteriorated, when unit battery 3a-3c ... with which difference (DELTA) V exceeded the threshold value exists. it can. Moreover, the assembled battery state determination means 13c can determine the soundness of the assembled battery 3 based on the number of unit batteries 3a to 3c... Having a difference ΔV from the average value Va larger than the threshold value. If the ratio of the number of unit batteries 3a to 3c... Having the difference ΔV larger than the threshold value to the total number exceeds a predetermined value, it is determined that the entire assembled battery 3 is deteriorated. Can do.

これにより、組電池３の劣化が組電池３全体の平均的な劣化に起因するものであるのか、組電池３を構成する個々の単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の劣化に起因するものであるのかを判断することができ、単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の部分交換や全数交換などの対策を決定する際の判断材料とすることが可能となる。
なお、組電池３の劣化状態の判定基準となるしきい値は設備運転条件から設定することができ、設備設計段階で要求される組電池３の電圧と運用開始時の電圧差より求めることができる。これにより、組電池３の放電時間や負荷電流などに応じて組電池３の劣化状態を判定することが可能となり、設備容量や運転条件に合わせながら組電池３の交換時期を柔軟に設定することが可能となる。 Thereby, whether the deterioration of the assembled battery 3 is due to the average deterioration of the entire assembled battery 3, or is caused by the deterioration of the individual unit batteries 3a to 3c... Constituting the assembled battery 3. It is possible to determine whether or not measures such as partial replacement or total number replacement of the unit batteries 3a to 3c.
The threshold value that is a criterion for determining the deterioration state of the assembled battery 3 can be set from the equipment operating conditions, and can be obtained from the voltage difference of the assembled battery 3 required at the equipment design stage and the voltage at the start of operation. it can. This makes it possible to determine the deterioration state of the assembled battery 3 according to the discharge time or load current of the assembled battery 3, and to flexibly set the replacement time of the assembled battery 3 in accordance with the equipment capacity and operating conditions. Is possible.

また、定期点検時などに行われる放電試験などの機会を活用し、組電池３の各放電ごとの差分ΔＶｎのみを内部メモリ１２に保存し、次回の放電時に差分ΔＶｎをしきい値と比較することにより、組電池３の劣化の進行状況を判定するようにしてもよい。また、必要に応じて各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・のセル電圧Ｖの温度補正を行うようにしてもよい。また、各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の内部抵抗の計測と組み合わせ、各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の内部抵抗の変化と連動させて放電試験を自動的に行えるようにしてもよい。これにより、各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の内部抵抗の変化による組電池３の劣化の予兆検知と合わせてより精度の高い劣化判定を実現することができる。   Further, by utilizing an opportunity such as a discharge test performed at the time of periodic inspection, only the difference ΔVn for each discharge of the assembled battery 3 is stored in the internal memory 12, and the difference ΔVn is compared with a threshold value at the next discharge. Thus, the progress of deterioration of the assembled battery 3 may be determined. Moreover, you may make it perform the temperature correction of the cell voltage V of each unit battery 3a-3c ... as needed. Further, in combination with the measurement of the internal resistance of each of the unit batteries 3a to 3c, the discharge test may be automatically performed in conjunction with the change of the internal resistance of each of the unit batteries 3a to 3c. Accordingly, it is possible to realize deterioration determination with higher accuracy in combination with detection of a sign of deterioration of the assembled battery 3 due to a change in internal resistance of each of the unit batteries 3a to 3c.

また、組電池３の劣化の判定結果を表示し、組電池３の劣化に対する対応策を指示することにより、組電池３の劣化に対処できるようにしてもよい。また、単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の電圧Ｖｎの平均値Ｖａそのものが設計基準値より小さい場合、組電池３全体の劣化と判断するようにしてもよい。また、上述した実施形態では、組電池３の劣化を判定するために、個々の単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の電圧Ｖｎを平均値Ｖａと比較する方法について説明したが、個々の単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の電圧Ｖｎを設計基準値と比較することにより、組電池３の劣化を判定するようにしてもよい。   Further, the deterioration determination result of the assembled battery 3 may be displayed, and a countermeasure against the deterioration of the assembled battery 3 may be instructed to cope with the deterioration of the assembled battery 3. Moreover, when the average value Va itself of the voltage Vn of unit battery 3a-3c ... is smaller than a design reference value, you may make it judge with the assembled battery 3 whole deterioration. In the above-described embodiment, the method of comparing the voltage Vn of the individual unit batteries 3a to 3c... With the average value Va in order to determine the deterioration of the assembled battery 3 has been described. The deterioration of the assembled battery 3 may be determined by comparing the voltage Vn of ˜3c... With the design reference value.

このように、組電池３の放電時の各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の電圧Ｖｎと平均値Ｖａと間の差分ΔＶを活用することにより、制御弁式鉛蓄電池のように電解液量が限定される蓄電池の他、電解液量が豊富な液式鉛蓄電池やアルカリ蓄電池などのように抵抗値の変化が小さな蓄電池や、頻繁に放電を繰り返すような用途に用いられる蓄電池の劣化を精度よく検出することが可能となる。
さらに、平均値Ｖａよりも小さな電圧Ｖｎが計測された単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・を選別することにより、劣化が進行した単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・を容易に特定することがで可能となるとともに、劣化状況の詳細を明確化することができ、部分交換や全数交換などの経済的な対処法を選択することが可能となる。 Thus, by utilizing the difference ΔV between the voltage Vn and the average value Va of the unit batteries 3a to 3c at the time of discharging the assembled battery 3, the amount of the electrolyte can be reduced like a control valve type lead storage battery. In addition to limited storage batteries, the deterioration of storage batteries with small changes in resistance, such as liquid lead storage batteries and alkaline storage batteries with abundant electrolytes, and storage batteries used for applications that frequently discharge are accurately detected. It becomes possible to detect.
Further, by selecting the unit batteries 3a to 3c... In which the voltage Vn smaller than the average value Va is selected, it is possible to easily identify the unit batteries 3a to 3c. At the same time, the details of the deterioration state can be clarified, and an economical coping method such as partial replacement or total replacement can be selected.

さらに、平均値Ｖａよりも小さな電圧Ｖｎが計測された単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・についての平均値Ｖａからの差分ΔＶｎを算出すればよく、組電池３を構成する全ての単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・について平均値Ｖａからの差分ΔＶｎを算出する必要がなくなることから、少ないデータ数で組電池３の劣化を判定することが可能となり、内部メモリ１２の容量を小さくすることができる。このため、組電池３の全寿命期間における長期間の運用においても、設備にかかるコストを抑制することが可能となるとともに、組電池３の劣化判定に必要な演算量も少なくすることができ、判定時間を短縮することができる。   Further, it is only necessary to calculate the difference ΔVn from the average value Va for the unit batteries 3a to 3c... In which the voltage Vn smaller than the average value Va is measured, and all the unit batteries 3a to 3c constituting the assembled battery 3 are calculated. Since it becomes unnecessary to calculate the difference ΔVn from the average value Va for..., Deterioration of the assembled battery 3 can be determined with a small number of data, and the capacity of the internal memory 12 can be reduced. For this reason, in the long-term operation in the entire lifetime of the assembled battery 3, it is possible to reduce the cost required for the equipment, and it is possible to reduce the amount of calculation required for determining the deterioration of the assembled battery 3, The determination time can be shortened.

図４は、図１の組電池状態測定装置の組電池劣化判定方法を示すフローチャートである。
図４において、組電池状態測定装置７は組電池３の放電を検出すると（ステップＳ１）、データ収集部１１は、所定時間の経過後の一定の周期で（ステップＳ２）、各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の放電時の電圧を電圧計Ｖａ、Ｖｂ・・・を介して収集し（ステップＳ３）、内部メモリ１２に記憶する。そして、平均値算出手段１３ａは、各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の放電時の電圧Ｖｎの平均値Ｖａを算出する（ステップＳ４）。そして、単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の電圧Ｖｎの平均値Ｖａそのものが設計基準値Ｖｔｈ以下の場合（ステップＳ５）、単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の全数交換が必要であると判断する（ステップＳ６）。 FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an assembled battery deterioration determination method of the assembled battery state measurement device of FIG.
In FIG. 4, when the assembled battery state measuring device 7 detects the discharge of the assembled battery 3 (step S1), the data collecting unit 11 performs the unit batteries 3a to 3 at a constant period after a predetermined time has elapsed (step S2). The voltages at the time of discharging 3c... Are collected via the voltmeters Va, Vb... (Step S3) and stored in the internal memory 12. And the average value calculation means 13a calculates the average value Va of the voltage Vn at the time of discharge of each unit battery 3a-3c ... (step S4). When the average value Va itself of the voltages Vn of the unit batteries 3a to 3c... Is less than or equal to the design reference value Vth (step S5), it is determined that the unit batteries 3a to 3c. Step S6).

一方、単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の電圧Ｖｎの平均値Ｖａそのものが設計基準値Ｖｔｈより大きい場合（ステップＳ５）、差分算出手段１３ｂは、個々の単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・の電圧Ｖｎと平均値Ｖａとの差分ΔＶｎを求め（ステップＳ７）、平均値Ｖａとの差分ΔＶｎをしきい値Ｖｓと比較する（ステップＳ８）。そして、組電池状態判定手段１３ｃは、各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・がΔＶｎ≦Ｖｓの関係をみたす場合、組電池３は正常状態にあると判断する（ステップＳ９）。
一方、ΔＶｎ＞Ｖｓの関係をみたす単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・がある場合、組電池状態判定手段１３ｃは、組電池３の劣化予測を行い（ステップＳ１０）、差分ΔＶｎの大きい順に各単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・のデータを並べ替え（ステップＳ１１）、交換対象となる単位電池３ａ〜３ｃ・・・を特定する（ステップＳ１２）。 On the other hand, when the average value Va itself of the voltage Vn of the unit batteries 3a to 3c... Is larger than the design reference value Vth (step S5), the difference calculating means 13b determines the voltage Vn of the individual unit batteries 3a to 3c. A difference ΔVn between the average value Va and the average value Va is obtained (step S7), and the difference ΔVn between the average value Va and the threshold value Vs is compared (step S8). And the assembled battery state determination means 13c determines that the assembled battery 3 is in a normal state, when each unit battery 3a-3c ... satisfies the relationship of (DELTA) Vn <= Vs (step S9).
On the other hand, when there are unit batteries 3a to 3c that satisfy the relationship of ΔVn> Vs, the assembled battery state determination unit 13c predicts deterioration of the assembled battery 3 (step S10), and the unit batteries in descending order of the difference ΔVn. .. Are rearranged (step S11), and unit batteries 3a to 3c... To be replaced are specified (step S12).

容量２００Ａｈ、２Ｖの鉛蓄電池２４セルからなる通信用電源設備を構成した。この電源は通常は商用電源から充電され、停電時のみこの鉛蓄電池から負荷に電力が供給される。
そして、この電源の放電開始を検出した時点で、蓄電池監視装置にて各単位電池の放電電圧を一定時間ごと（たとえば、１分ごと）に測定した。そして、これら２４個の単位電池の放電電圧の平均値を求め、この平均値と各単位電池の放電電圧との比較を行うことにより、この平均値より小さな放電電圧を持つ単位電池を選別した。なお、この操作は継続的に繰り返してもよいが、本実施例においては、放電開始から１０分後の値のみを用いて平均値との比較を行った。この時の測定結果と運用開始後の経過年数との関係を図５に示す。なお、本実施例では、０．０１＜ΔＶｎ＜０．０２の場合を単位電池の注意レベル、ΔＶｎ＞０．０２を単位電池の要交換レベルとした。
図５において、７年目にＮｏ．５とＮｏ．１７のセルが著しく劣化している確認でき、これらのセルを交換の対象とした。また、Ｎｏ．４とＮｏ．１６のセルについても、注意を必要とするレベルにあり、今後のメンテナンスで管理を強化すべき対象であることが確認できた。 A communication power supply facility comprising 24 cells of lead storage battery with a capacity of 200 Ah and 2 V was constructed. This power source is normally charged from a commercial power source, and power is supplied from this lead storage battery to the load only during a power failure.
And when the start of the discharge of this power supply was detected, the discharge voltage of each unit battery was measured for every fixed time (for example, every minute) with the storage battery monitoring device. And the average value of the discharge voltage of these 24 unit cells was calculated | required, and the unit cell which has a discharge voltage smaller than this average value was selected by comparing this average value and the discharge voltage of each unit cell. In addition, although this operation may be repeated continuously, in the present Example, it compared with the average value using only the value 10 minutes after the discharge start. FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the measurement result at this time and the number of years that have elapsed since the operation started. In the present embodiment, the case of 0.01 <ΔVn <0.02 is the attention level of the unit battery, and ΔVn> 0.02 is the replacement level of the unit battery.
In FIG. 5 and no. It was confirmed that 17 cells were remarkably deteriorated, and these cells were used for replacement. No. 4 and no. The 16 cells were also at a level requiring attention, and it was confirmed that the management should be strengthened in future maintenance.

本発明の一実施形態に係る組電池状態測定装置が用いられる組電池のシステムの概略構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the system of the assembled battery in which the assembled battery state measuring apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is used. 図１の組電池状態測定装置の概略構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the assembled battery state measuring apparatus of FIG. 図１の組電池状態測定装置の組電池劣化判定方法を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the assembled battery deterioration determination method of the assembled battery state measuring apparatus of FIG. 図１の組電池状態測定装置の組電池劣化判定方法を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the assembled battery deterioration determination method of the assembled battery state measuring apparatus of FIG. 本発明の一実施形態に係る組電池の経過年数と電圧バラツキとの関係を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the relationship between the age of the assembled battery which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and voltage variation.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 電力系統
２ 充電器
３ 組電池
４ インバータ
５ 交流負荷
６ 直流負荷
７ 組電池状態測定装置
３ａ〜３ｃ 単位電池
Ｖａ、Ｖｂ 電圧計
１１ データ収集部
１２ 内部メモリ
１３ 演算機能
１３ａ 平均値算出手段
１３ｂ 差分算出手段
１３ｃ 組電池状態判定手段
１４ 表示部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power system 2 Charger 3 Assembled battery 4 Inverter 5 AC load 6 DC load 7 Assembled battery state measuring device 3a-3c Unit battery Va, Vb Voltmeter 11 Data collection part 12 Internal memory 13 Calculation function 13a Average value calculation means 13b Difference Calculation means 13c Assembled battery state determination means 14 Display unit

Claims (5)

非常用電源設備として用いられる組電池を構成する各単位電池の放電時の電圧を測定する電圧測定手段と、
前記測定された単位電池の電圧の平均値を算出する平均値算出手段と、
前記平均値より低い値を有する個々の単位電池の電圧と前記平均値との差分を算出する差分算出手段と、
前記平均値との差分としきい値との比較結果に基づいて、前記組電池の劣化状態を判定する組電池状態判定手段とを備えることを特徴とする組電池状態測定装置。 Voltage measuring means for measuring the voltage at the time of discharge of each unit battery constituting the assembled battery used as an emergency power supply facility;
An average value calculating means for calculating an average value of the measured voltage of the unit cells;
Difference calculating means for calculating a difference between the voltage of each unit cell having a value lower than the average value and the average value;
An assembled battery state measuring device comprising: an assembled battery state determining unit that determines a deterioration state of the assembled battery based on a comparison result between a difference from the average value and a threshold value. 非常用電源設備として用いられる組電池を負荷に接続したまま前記組電池と充電器とを電気的に遮断するステップと、
前記充電器と電気的に遮断された状態で前記組電池を構成する各単位電池の放電時の電圧を測定するステップと、
前記測定された単位電池の電圧の平均値を算出するステップと、
前記平均値より低い値を有する個々の単位電池の電圧と前記平均値との差分を算出するステップと、
前記平均値との差分としきい値との比較結果に基づいて、前記組電池の劣化状態を判定するステップとを備えることを特徴とする組電池劣化判定方法。 Electrically disconnecting the assembled battery and the charger while the assembled battery used as an emergency power supply facility is connected to a load;
Measuring a voltage at the time of discharging each unit battery constituting the assembled battery in a state of being electrically disconnected from the charger;
Calculating an average value of the measured voltage of the unit cells;
Calculating a difference between the voltage of each unit cell having a value lower than the average value and the average value;
And a step of determining a deterioration state of the assembled battery based on a comparison result between a difference from the average value and a threshold value. 前記組電池の劣化状態の判定基準となるしきい値を設備運転条件から設定することを特徴とする請求項２記載の組電池劣化判定方法。   3. The assembled battery deterioration determining method according to claim 2, wherein a threshold value that is a criterion for determining the deterioration state of the assembled battery is set based on facility operating conditions. 前記平均値との差分がしきい値より大きな値を有する単位電池の個数に基づいて前記組電池の健全性を判定することを特徴とする請求項２または３記載の組電池劣化判定方法。   4. The assembled battery deterioration determination method according to claim 2, wherein the health of the assembled battery is determined based on the number of unit batteries having a difference from the average value larger than a threshold value. 非常用電源設備として用いられる組電池を負荷に接続したまま前記組電池と充電器とを電気的に遮断させるステップと、
前記充電器と電気的に遮断された状態で前記組電池を構成する各単位電池の放電時の電圧を測定するステップと、
前記測定された単位電池の電圧の平均値を算出するステップと、
前記平均値より低い値を有する個々の単位電池の電圧と前記平均値との差分を算出するステップと、
前記平均値との差分としきい値との比較結果に基づいて、前記組電池の劣化状態を判定するステップとをコンピュータに実行させることを特徴とする組電池劣化判定プログラム。 Electrically disconnecting the assembled battery and the charger while the assembled battery used as an emergency power supply facility is connected to a load;
Measuring a voltage at the time of discharging each unit battery constituting the assembled battery in a state of being electrically disconnected from the charger;
Calculating an average value of the measured voltage of the unit cells;
Calculating a difference between the voltage of each unit cell having a value lower than the average value and the average value;
An assembled battery deterioration determination program that causes a computer to execute a step of determining a deterioration state of the assembled battery based on a comparison result between a difference from the average value and a threshold value.
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