JP2007300836A - Plant cultivation hothouse and method for regulating temperature in the hothouse - Google Patents
Plant cultivation hothouse and method for regulating temperature in the hothouse Download PDFInfo
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- JP2007300836A JP2007300836A JP2006131112A JP2006131112A JP2007300836A JP 2007300836 A JP2007300836 A JP 2007300836A JP 2006131112 A JP2006131112 A JP 2006131112A JP 2006131112 A JP2006131112 A JP 2006131112A JP 2007300836 A JP2007300836 A JP 2007300836A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
Description
本発明は植物栽培用温室、および該植物栽培用温室内の温度調整方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a greenhouse for plant cultivation and a method for adjusting the temperature in the greenhouse for plant cultivation.
農業用や園芸用の植物栽培用温室は、古くから、金属製または木製のフレーム構造体にガラス板がはめ込まれた、いわゆるガラス温室として普及してきた。最近では、ハウス形状に組まれた金属製のフレーム構造体の外側を透光性樹脂フィルムからなる被覆材で覆った構造のものが主流となってきている。
植物栽培用温室では、植物の栽培期間を通して温室内の温度を一定に保つことが重要であり、そのような温室用資材が種々開発されている。
Agricultural and horticultural plant cultivation greenhouses have long been popular as so-called glass greenhouses in which a glass plate is fitted into a metal or wooden frame structure. Recently, a structure in which a metal frame structure assembled in a house shape is covered with a covering material made of a translucent resin film has become mainstream.
In a greenhouse for plant cultivation, it is important to keep the temperature in the greenhouse constant throughout the plant cultivation period, and various greenhouse materials have been developed.
温室内の温度を維持するための温室用資材として、例えば特許文献１には、熱線遮断フィルムを貼付した温室用ガラス積層体が開示されている。また特許文献２には、二重に展張されたフィルムに挟まれた空間に散水機構を備えた冷暖房装置が開示されている。 As a greenhouse material for maintaining the temperature in the greenhouse, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a glass laminate for a greenhouse to which a heat ray blocking film is attached. Patent Document 2 discloses a cooling / heating device including a watering mechanism in a space sandwiched between doubly stretched films.
しかしながら特許文献１で用いられる熱線遮断フィルムは、銀、銅、アルミニウム等、通常可視光部に吸収をもつ材料から構成されるため、該フィルムを貼付したガラス積層体からなる温室は、昼間の光線透過が不十分となり、冬季等弱光時の植物の生長が十分ではなかった。
特許文献２の装置を用いた場合には、確かに潜熱の利用により温室内の温度は維持できるものの、温室内部への水分供給が多くなるため、温室内の湿度が上昇し、高湿度下で発生する病害により、植物の生育が妨げられるおそれがある。
本発明は、温度維持が容易であり、植物の生育性に優れる温室、および該温室の温度を効果的かつ簡便に調整する方法を提供するものである。
However, since the heat ray blocking film used in Patent Document 1 is composed of a material that normally absorbs visible light, such as silver, copper, and aluminum, a greenhouse composed of a glass laminate to which the film is attached has a light beam in the daytime. The transmission was insufficient, and the growth of plants in low light such as in winter was not sufficient.
In the case of using the device of Patent Document 2, although the temperature in the greenhouse can be maintained by using latent heat, the moisture supply to the greenhouse increases, so the humidity in the greenhouse rises, Plant growth may be hindered by the disease that occurs.
The present invention provides a greenhouse in which temperature maintenance is easy and plant growth is excellent, and a method for effectively and simply adjusting the temperature of the greenhouse.
すなわち本発明は、少なくとも屋外面が親水処理面である植物栽培用温室であって、該温室の外に散水設備を備える植物栽培用温室である。さらに本発明は、前記植物栽培用温室の屋外面に前記散水設備から水を流下し、該植物栽培用温室内の温度を調整する方法である。 That is, the present invention is a greenhouse for plant cultivation in which at least the outdoor surface is a hydrophilic treatment surface, and is a greenhouse for plant cultivation provided with watering equipment outside the greenhouse. Furthermore, the present invention is a method of adjusting the temperature in the plant cultivation greenhouse by flowing water from the watering facility to the outdoor surface of the plant cultivation greenhouse.
本発明の植物栽培用温室は、該温室内の温度を、効果的にかつ簡便に調節することが可能であり、植物の生育性に優れるものである。また、本発明の植物栽培用温室内の温度を調整する方法によれば、該温室内の温度を、効果的にかつ簡便に調節することができる。 The greenhouse for plant cultivation of the present invention can adjust the temperature in the greenhouse effectively and simply, and is excellent in plant growth. Moreover, according to the method of adjusting the temperature in the greenhouse for plant cultivation of this invention, the temperature in this greenhouse can be adjusted effectively and simply.
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明の植物栽培用温室は、少なくともその屋外面が親水処理面である。通常温室は、ガラスまたは熱可塑性樹脂フィルムから構成される。したがって、少なくとも一方の面が親水処理されたガラスまたは熱可塑性樹脂フィルムを、該親水処理された面が屋外面となるように用いることにより、少なくとも屋外面が親水処理面である植物栽培用温室とすることができる。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
In the greenhouse for plant cultivation of the present invention, at least the outdoor surface is a hydrophilic treatment surface. A greenhouse usually consists of glass or a thermoplastic resin film. Therefore, by using a glass or thermoplastic resin film on which at least one surface has been hydrophilically treated so that the hydrophilically treated surface becomes an outdoor surface, a greenhouse for plant cultivation in which at least the outdoor surface is a hydrophilic treated surface, can do.
前記熱可塑性樹脂フィルムを構成する熱可塑性樹脂としては、例えば、オレフィン系樹脂；ポリ塩化ビニル、塩化ビニル／メタクリル酸メチル共重合体、ポリ塩化ビニリデンなどの塩素含有樹脂；ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレートなどのポリエステル系樹脂；ポリメタクリル酸メチルなどのアクリル系樹脂；フッ素含有樹脂；ポリアミド系樹脂；ポリカーボネート樹脂が挙げられる。上記熱可塑性樹脂は単独で用いてもよく、２種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。なお、上記例示の熱可塑性樹脂のうち、例えば、熱可塑性樹脂フィルムをインフレーション成形などの押出成形にて製造する場合には、特に、インフレーション成形などの押出成形に適したオレフィン系樹脂が好ましい。
フィルム厚みは、特に限定されないが、展張の容易さから３０〜３００μｍが好適である。
Examples of the thermoplastic resin constituting the thermoplastic resin film include olefin resins; chlorine-containing resins such as polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride / methyl methacrylate copolymer, polyvinylidene chloride; polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, etc. A polyester resin; an acrylic resin such as polymethyl methacrylate; a fluorine-containing resin; a polyamide resin; and a polycarbonate resin. The said thermoplastic resin may be used independently and may be used in combination of 2 or more type. Of the thermoplastic resins exemplified above, for example, when a thermoplastic resin film is produced by extrusion molding such as inflation molding, an olefin resin suitable for extrusion molding such as inflation molding is particularly preferable.
The film thickness is not particularly limited, but is preferably 30 to 300 μm from the standpoint of easy spreading.
前記熱可塑性樹脂フィルムは、各種の添加剤を含有していていもよい。前記添加剤としては、光安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、滑剤、酸化防止剤、輻射線吸収剤、流滴剤、防霧剤などが挙げられる。 The thermoplastic resin film may contain various additives. Examples of the additive include a light stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a lubricant, an antioxidant, a radiation absorber, a droplet agent, and an antifoggant.
本発明で親水処理面を形成するために用いられる親水性材料は、特に限定されない。親水性材料としては、界面活性剤、親水性樹脂などの有機系成分や、金属酸化物や金属水酸化物などの無機系成分が挙げられる。これらのうち、Ｍｇ、Ｃａ、Ｓｉ、Ａｌから選ばれる元素を含む酸化物から構成されることが好ましく、特に前記元素の酸化物または水酸化物からなることが、親水効果の持続性の観点から好ましい。
ガラスや熱可塑性樹脂フィルム等の基材表面を親水処理する方法については、特に限定されないが、上記成分を懸濁液もしくは水溶液にして基材に塗布する方法が簡便である。
基材に親水性材料の懸濁液もしくは水溶液を塗布する方法は、特に限定されるものではなく、グラビアコーティング方式、リバースコーティング方式、刷毛ロールコーティング方式、スプレーコーティング方式、キッスコーティング方式、ダイコーティング方式、ディッピング／ロール・バーコーティング方式、スプレーコーティング方式などの公知の方法で塗布することができる。
基材表面に親水性材料の懸濁液もしくは水溶液を塗布し、乾燥して形成される層の厚みは、親水効果を発揮する厚みであることが必要である。例えば親水性材料として酸化ケイ素を用いる場合、乾燥後の厚みが０．１〜１ｇ／ｍ2の範囲のとなるように調整することが好ましい。
The hydrophilic material used for forming the hydrophilic treatment surface in the present invention is not particularly limited. Examples of the hydrophilic material include organic components such as surfactants and hydrophilic resins, and inorganic components such as metal oxides and metal hydroxides. Among these, it is preferable that it is comprised from the oxide containing the element chosen from Mg, Ca, Si, and Al, and it is from the viewpoint of the sustainability of a hydrophilic effect that it consists of the oxide or hydroxide of the said element especially. preferable.
The method for hydrophilic treatment of the surface of a substrate such as glass or a thermoplastic resin film is not particularly limited, but a method of applying the above components to the substrate in a suspension or an aqueous solution is simple.
The method for applying a suspension or aqueous solution of a hydrophilic material to a substrate is not particularly limited, and is a gravure coating method, a reverse coating method, a brush roll coating method, a spray coating method, a kiss coating method, or a die coating method. It can be applied by a known method such as a dipping / roll bar coating method or a spray coating method.
The thickness of the layer formed by applying a suspension or aqueous solution of a hydrophilic material to the surface of the substrate and drying it is necessary to exhibit a hydrophilic effect. For example, when silicon oxide is used as the hydrophilic material, the thickness after drying is preferably adjusted to be in the range of 0.1 to 1 g / m 2 .
本発明の植物栽培用温室は、該温室の外に散水設備を備える。散水設備としては、公知の散水設備を用いることができる。多量の水量は必要としないため、散水部材として、スプレー、潅水チューブなどの使用が好ましい。
一般的に、温室屋根は傾斜している。そのため、温室の最も高い部分に散水設備を設置することにより、効果的に温室の屋外面全体に水を行き渡らせることができ、少ない水量で温度調整が可能となる。
The greenhouse for plant cultivation of the present invention includes watering equipment outside the greenhouse. As the watering equipment, a known watering equipment can be used. Since a large amount of water is not required, it is preferable to use a spray or a irrigation tube as a watering member.
Generally, the greenhouse roof is inclined. Therefore, by installing watering equipment at the highest part of the greenhouse, water can be effectively distributed over the entire outdoor surface of the greenhouse, and the temperature can be adjusted with a small amount of water.
前記したような構成の植物栽培用温室の屋外面に、前記散水設備から水を流下することにより、昼間の温室内の温度上昇を抑え、一方、夜間は水の赤外線吸収能力により、温室内の温度低下を抑えることができるため、植物栽培用温室内の温度を調整することができる。このようにして温室内の温度を一定に維持することが可能な温室内で植物を生育することにより、植物の生育性を向上させることができる。 By flowing water from the watering equipment to the outdoor surface of the greenhouse for plant cultivation having the above-described configuration, the temperature rise in the greenhouse during the daytime is suppressed, while the infrared absorption ability of water at night increases the temperature inside the greenhouse. Since the temperature drop can be suppressed, the temperature in the greenhouse for plant cultivation can be adjusted. Thus, the growth of a plant can be improved by growing the plant in a greenhouse capable of keeping the temperature in the greenhouse constant.
[実施例]
以下、本発明の実施例を示すが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
[Example]
Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[実施例で使用するフィルム−１の製造]
（１）熱可塑性樹脂フィルム−１の製造
Ａ層を構成する樹脂組成物として、エチレン／ヘキセン−１共重合体Ａ（商品名：スミカセンＥ ＦＶ２０１、メルトフローレート１．５g／１０分、密度０．９１９ｇ/ｃｍ3；住友化学社製）７５重量％、ポリエチレン樹脂（商品名：スミカセン Ｆ２０８−０、メルトフローレート１．５g／１０分、密度０．９２２ｇ/ｃｍ3；住友化学社製）２４．５重量％、光安定剤としてヒンダードアミン系化合物（商品名：チヌビンＮＯＲ３７１；チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製）０．４重量％および酸化防止剤（商品名：イルガノックス１０１０；チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製）０．１重量％からなる熱可塑性樹脂組成物を用いた。Ｂ層を構成する樹脂組成物として、エチレン／ヘキセン−１共重合体Ｂ（商品名：エクセレンＦＸ ＣＸ２００１、メルトフローレート２g／１０分、密度０．８９８ｇ/ｃｍ3；住友化学社製）８６．８重量％、界面活性剤としてジグリセリンセスキオレート（室温で液状かつ水溶性）０．７重量％、無機フィラーとしてリチウムアルミニウム複合水酸化物（商品名：フジレイン；富士化学工業社製）１２重量％、光安定剤としてヒンダードアミン系化合物（商品名：チヌビンＮＯＲ３７１；チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製）０．４重量％および酸化防止剤（商品名：イルガノックス１０１０；チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製）０．１重量％からなる熱可塑性樹脂組成物を用いた。Ｃ層を構成する樹脂組成物として、エチレン／ヘキセン−１共重合体Ｃ（商品名：エクセレンＦＸ ＣＸ３００５、メルトフローレート４ｇ／１０分、密度０．８８７ｇ/ｃｍ3；住友化学社製）９９．５重量％、光安定剤としてヒンダードアミン系化合物（商品名：チヌビンＮＯＲ３７１；チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製）０．４重量％および酸化防止剤（商品名：イルガノックス１０１０；チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製）０．１重量％からなる熱可塑性樹脂組成物を用いた。これら各樹脂組成物を用い、共押出インフレーション成形法により、加工温度１５０℃にて、Ａ層／Ｂ層／Ｃ層の層比が２／６／２、厚みが約９０μｍのフィルムを作製し、そのままＣ層面同士をロールで熱圧着させることでＡ層を両面に有する厚み１８０μｍの熱可塑性樹脂フィルム−１を得た（３種６層の形態を有する。熱圧着したＣ層は２層と数える。）。
[Production of Film-1 Used in Examples]
(1) Production of thermoplastic resin film-1 As a resin composition constituting layer A, ethylene / hexene-1 copolymer A (trade name: Sumikasen E FV201, melt flow rate 1.5 g / 10 min, density 0 919 g / cm 3 ; manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) 75% by weight, polyethylene resin (trade name: Sumikasen F208-0, melt flow rate 1.5 g / 10 min, density 0.922 g / cm 3 ; manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) 24 0.5% by weight, hindered amine compound (trade name: Tinuvin NOR371; Ciba Specialty Chemicals) 0.4% by weight and antioxidant (trade name: Irganox 1010; Ciba Specialty Chemicals) A thermoplastic resin composition comprising 0.1% by weight was used. As a resin composition constituting the B layer, ethylene / hexene-1 copolymer B (trade name: Excellen FX CX2001, melt flow rate 2 g / 10 min, density 0.898 g / cm 3 ; manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) 86. 8% by weight, 0.7% by weight of diglycerin sesquioleate (liquid and water-soluble at room temperature) as a surfactant, 12% by weight of lithium aluminum composite hydroxide (trade name: Fujirain; manufactured by Fuji Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) as an inorganic filler Hindered amine compound (trade name: Tinuvin NOR371; manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) 0.4% by weight and antioxidant (trade name: Irganox 1010; manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) A thermoplastic resin composition consisting of 1% by weight was used. As a resin composition constituting the C layer, ethylene / hexene-1 copolymer C (trade name: Excellen FX CX3005, melt flow rate 4 g / 10 min, density 0.887 g / cm 3 ; manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) 5% by weight, hindered amine compound (trade name: Tinuvin NOR371; manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) as a light stabilizer and 0.4% by weight of antioxidant (trade name: Irganox 1010; manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) ) A thermoplastic resin composition comprising 0.1% by weight was used. Using each of these resin compositions, a film having a layer ratio of A layer / B layer / C layer of 2/6/2 and a thickness of about 90 μm was produced by a coextrusion inflation molding method at a processing temperature of 150 ° C. The 180-μm-thick thermoplastic resin film-1 having A layer on both sides was obtained by thermocompression bonding of the C layer surfaces with a roll as it is (having three types and six layers. The thermocompression bonded C layer is counted as two layers. .).
（２）無機コロイドを主成分とする組成物の作製
水１００重量部に対し、コロイダルアルミナ１．８４重量部（商品名：アルミナゾル５２０、固形分濃度２０重量％；日産化学工業社製）、コロイダルシリカ０．４９重量部（商品名：スノーテックス２０、固形分濃度２０重量％；日産化学工業社製）、カプリル酸ナトリウム０．０１３重量部（試薬；東京化成社製）、ｐ−トルエンスルホン酸ナトリウム０．００２重量部（試薬；ナカライテスク社製）および無機層状化合物０．０９重量部（商品名：スメクトンＳＡ；クニミネ工業社製）を配合し、組成物とした。
(2) Preparation of a composition containing inorganic colloid as a main component 1.84 parts by weight of colloidal alumina (trade name: alumina sol 520, solid content concentration 20% by weight; manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.) for 100 parts by weight of water, colloidal 0.49 parts by weight of silica (trade name: Snowtex 20, solid concentration 20% by weight; manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.), 0.013 parts by weight of sodium caprylate (reagent; manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), p-toluenesulfonic acid 0.002 part by weight of sodium (reagent; manufactured by Nacalai Tesque) and 0.09 part by weight of an inorganic layered compound (trade name: Smecton SA; manufactured by Kunimine Kogyo Co., Ltd.) were blended to prepare a composition.
（３）コロイダルシリカの調整
コロイダルシリカ水分散液（商品名：スノーテックス−ＺＬ、平均粒子径７０ｎｍ、固形分濃度４０重量％；日産化学工業社製）を水で希釈し、固形分濃度が１０重量％となるように調整した。
（４）親水処理面の形成
熱可塑性樹脂フィルム−１の製造と一貫した工程において、上記熱可塑性樹脂フィルム−１の両面に、コロナ処理を施した後に、前記した無機コロイドを主成分とする組成物を、マイヤーバーを用いて熱可塑性樹脂フィルムの両面に塗工し、塗膜を乾燥させ、無機コロイドを主成分とする組成物からなる層を両表面に形成した。
マイヤーバーとしては、線径０．２ｍｍφのワイヤー巻き、バー長さ４５００ｍｍ、バー径１６ｍｍφのものを用いた。また、被膜の厚みは、重量厚みが０．２ｇ／ｍ2となるように調整した。乾燥条件は、ドライヤーの風温６０℃、風速１８ｍ／秒とした。
さらに、上記工程と一貫した工程において、前記無機コロイドを主成分とする組成物からなる各層上に、コロイダルシリカの水分散液を、プレーンバーを用いて塗工し、塗膜を乾燥させ、コロイダルシリカを含む液を塗布して形成された層を両表層に有する積層フィルム−１を得た。該コロイダルシリカを含む液を塗布して形成された層が、親水処理面である。
プレーンバーとしては、表面粗さ（最大径と最小径の差）６μｍ以下、バー長さ４５００ｍｍ、バー径１６ｍｍφのものを用いた。また、コロイダルシリカを含む液を塗布して形成された層の厚みは、重量厚みが、０．２ｇ／ｍ2となるように調整した。乾燥条件は、ドライヤーの風温６０℃、風速１８ｍ／秒とした。
(3) Preparation of colloidal silica A colloidal silica aqueous dispersion (trade name: Snowtex-ZL, average particle size 70 nm, solid content concentration 40 wt%; manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was diluted with water to a solid content concentration of 10 It adjusted so that it might become weight%.
(4) Formation of hydrophilic treated surface In the process consistent with the production of thermoplastic resin film-1, after the corona treatment is applied to both surfaces of the thermoplastic resin film-1, the composition mainly composed of the inorganic colloid described above The product was applied to both surfaces of a thermoplastic resin film using a Mayer bar, the coating film was dried, and layers composed of a composition containing inorganic colloid as a main component were formed on both surfaces.
As the Mayer bar, a wire wound with a wire diameter of 0.2 mmφ, a bar length of 4500 mm, and a bar diameter of 16 mmφ was used. Moreover, the thickness of the coating was adjusted so that the weight thickness was 0.2 g / m 2 . Drying conditions were a dryer air temperature of 60 ° C. and a wind speed of 18 m / sec.
Further, in a process consistent with the above process, an aqueous dispersion of colloidal silica is applied to each layer comprising the composition containing the inorganic colloid as a main component using a plain bar, the coating film is dried, and the colloidal The laminated film-1 which has the layer formed by apply | coating the liquid containing a silica in both surface layers was obtained. A layer formed by applying a liquid containing the colloidal silica is a hydrophilic treated surface.
A plain bar having a surface roughness (difference between the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter) of 6 μm or less, a bar length of 4500 mm, and a bar diameter of 16 mmφ was used. The thickness of the layer formed by applying a liquid containing colloidal silica was adjusted so that the weight thickness was 0.2 g / m 2 . Drying conditions were a dryer air temperature of 60 ° C. and a wind speed of 18 m / sec.
[比較例に使用するフィルム−２の製造]
（５）熱可塑性樹脂フィルム−２の製造
Ａ層を構成する樹脂組成物として、エチレン／ヘキセン−１共重合体Ａ（商品名：スミカセンＥ ＦＶ２０１、メルトフローレート１．５g／１０分、密度０．９１９ｇ/ｃｍ3；住友化学社製）７５重量％、ポリエチレン樹脂（商品名：スミカセン Ｆ２０８−０、メルトフローレート１．５g／１０分、密度０．９２２ｇ/ｃｍ3；住友化学社製）２４．５重量％、光安定剤としてヒンダードアミン系化合物（商品名：チヌビンＮＯＲ３７１；チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製）０．４重量％および酸化防止剤（商品名：イルガノックス１０１０；チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製）０．１重量％からなる熱可塑性樹脂組成物を用いた。Ｂ層を構成する樹脂組成物として、エチレン／ヘキセン−１共重合体Ｂ（商品名：エクセレンＦＸ ＣＸ２００１、メルトフローレート２g／１０分、密度０．８９８ｇ/ｃｍ3；住友化学社製）８２．８重量％、界面活性剤としてジグリセリンセスキオレート（室温で液状かつ水溶性）０．７重量％、無機フィラーとしてリチウムアルミニウム複合水酸化物（商品名：フジレイン；富士化学工業社製）１６重量％、光安定剤としてヒンダードアミン系化合物（商品名：チヌビンＮＯＲ３７１；チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製）０．４重量％および酸化防止剤（商品名：イルガノックス１０１０；チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製）０．１重量％からなる熱可塑性樹脂組成物を用いた。Ｃ層を構成する樹脂組成物として、ポリエチレン樹脂（商品名：スミカセン Ｆ２０８−０、メルトフローレート１．５g／１０分、密度０．９２２ｇ/ｃｍ3；住友化学社製）９９．５重量％、光安定剤としてヒンダードアミン系化合物（商品名：チヌビンＮＯＲ３７１；チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製）０．４重量％および酸化防止剤（商品名：イルガノックス１０１０；チバ・スペシャルティ・ケミカルズ社製）０．１重量％からなる熱可塑性樹脂組成物を用いた。これら各樹脂組成物を用い、共押出インフレーション成形法により、加工温度１５０℃にて、Ａ層／Ｂ層／Ｃ層の層比が２／６／２、厚みが１３０μｍのフィルムを作製した。
（６）親水処理面の形成
熱可塑性樹脂フィルム−２の製造と一貫した工程において、上記熱可塑性樹脂フィルムの片面にコロナ処理を施した後、熱可塑性樹脂フィルム−１と同様にして、前記無機コロイドを主成分とする組成物をマイヤーバーを用いて塗工し、塗膜を乾燥させ、無機コロイドを主成分とする組成物からなる層を形成した。
さらに、上記工程と一貫した工程において、無機コロイドを主成分とする組成物からなる層上に、コロイダルシリカの水分散液を、熱可塑性樹脂フィルム−１と同様にしてプレーンバーを用いて塗工し、塗膜を乾燥させ、コロイダルシリカを含む液を塗布して形成された層を一方の表層に有する積層フィルム−２を得た。該コロイダルシリカを含む液を塗布して形成された層が、親水処理面である。
[Production of Film-2 Used for Comparative Example]
(5) Production of thermoplastic resin film-2 As a resin composition constituting layer A, ethylene / hexene-1 copolymer A (trade name: Sumikasen E FV201, melt flow rate 1.5 g / 10 min, density 0 919 g / cm 3 ; manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) 75% by weight, polyethylene resin (trade name: Sumikasen F208-0, melt flow rate 1.5 g / 10 min, density 0.922 g / cm 3 ; manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) 24 0.5% by weight, hindered amine compound (trade name: Tinuvin NOR371; Ciba Specialty Chemicals) 0.4% by weight and antioxidant (trade name: Irganox 1010; Ciba Specialty Chemicals) A thermoplastic resin composition comprising 0.1% by weight was used. As a resin composition constituting the B layer, ethylene / hexene-1 copolymer B (trade name: Excellen FX CX2001, melt flow rate 2 g / 10 min, density 0.898 g / cm 3 ; manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) 82. 8% by weight, 0.7% by weight of diglycerin sesquioleate (liquid and water-soluble at room temperature) as a surfactant, 16% by weight of lithium aluminum composite hydroxide (trade name: Fujirain; manufactured by Fuji Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) as an inorganic filler Hindered amine compound (trade name: Tinuvin NOR371; manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) 0.4% by weight and antioxidant (trade name: Irganox 1010; manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) A thermoplastic resin composition consisting of 1% by weight was used. As the resin composition constituting the C layer, polyethylene resin (trade name: Sumikasen F208-0, melt flow rate 1.5 g / 10 min, density 0.922 g / cm 3 ; manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) 99.5% by weight, As a light stabilizer, a hindered amine compound (trade name: Tinuvin NOR371; manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) 0.4% by weight and an antioxidant (trade name: Irganox 1010; manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals) 0.1 A thermoplastic resin composition consisting of% by weight was used. Using each of these resin compositions, a film having a layer ratio of A layer / B layer / C layer of 2/6/2 and a thickness of 130 μm was produced by a coextrusion inflation molding method at a processing temperature of 150 ° C.
(6) Formation of hydrophilic treated surface In the process consistent with the production of the thermoplastic resin film-2, after the corona treatment is performed on one surface of the thermoplastic resin film, the inorganic resin is treated in the same manner as the thermoplastic resin film-1. A composition having a colloid as a main component was applied using a Mayer bar, and the coating film was dried to form a layer made of the composition having an inorganic colloid as a main component.
Further, in a process consistent with the above process, an aqueous dispersion of colloidal silica was applied onto the layer made of the composition mainly composed of inorganic colloid using a plain bar in the same manner as the thermoplastic resin film-1. Then, the coating film was dried, and a laminated film-2 having a layer formed by applying a liquid containing colloidal silica on one surface layer was obtained. A layer formed by applying a liquid containing the colloidal silica is a hydrophilic treated surface.
（７）展張
２００５年１２月〜２００６年３月までの間、千葉県市原市内の農場において、幅１．２ｍ、高さ１ｍ、長さ１１ｍの東西方向のトンネル状のハウスを設置した。なお、積層フィルム−１、積層フィルム−２を展張したハウスを、それぞれ２棟ずつ設置した。以下、積層フィルム−１を展張したハウスをハウスＡ、ハウスＢ、積層フィルム−２を展張したハウスをハウスＣ、ハウスＤと称する。ハウスＣ、ハウスＤでは、積層フィルム−２の親水処理面がトンネルの内側となるように展張した。
(7) Extension From December 2005 to March 2006, an east-west tunnel-shaped house with a width of 1.2m, a height of 1m, and a length of 11m was installed on a farm in Ichihara City, Chiba Prefecture. Two houses each having the laminated film-1 and the laminated film-2 were installed. Hereinafter, the house in which the laminated film-1 is extended is referred to as house A and house B, and the house in which the laminated film-2 is extended is referred to as house C and house D. In House C and House D, the laminated film-2 was spread so that the hydrophilic treatment surface was inside the tunnel.
テスト（１）（昼間の遮熱効果）
晴天日であった１／２８、１／２９、２／４、２／５の午前１０時から午後２時までトンネル状ハウス上部５０ｃｍの高さからスプレーヤーで散水を行い、前記ハウスの屋外面に水を流下した。散水間隔は１０分おきとし、散水量は１平米あたり１００ｃｃに設定した。１／２８、２／４にはハウスＡおよびハウスＣのみに散水を行ない、１／２９、２／５にはハウスＢおよびハウスＤのみに散水を行なった。全てのハウスの内部の温度を、デジタル式温度計を用いて午前１２時に測定した。散水した４日間の平均散水水温は７．４℃であり、平均外気温は５．６℃であった。
Test (1) (Daytime heat shielding effect)
Water was sprayed with a sprayer from the height of 50 cm above the tunnel-like house from 10 am to 2 pm on 1/28, 1/29, 2/4, 2/5, which was a fine day, and the outside of the house The water flowed down. The watering interval was set every 10 minutes, and the watering amount was set to 100 cc per square meter. On 1/28, 2/4, water was sprayed only on House A and House C, and on 1/29, 2/5, water was sprayed only on House B and House D. The temperature inside all the houses was measured at 12:00 am using a digital thermometer. The average water temperature for the four days of watering was 7.4 ° C, and the average outside air temperature was 5.6 ° C.
テスト（２）（夜間の保温効果）
テスト（１）と同日の午前４時から午前６時まで、テスト（１）と同様にしてスプレーヤーで散水を行った。散水間隔は３０分おきとし、散水量は１平米あたり１００ｃｃに設定した。散水区、および非散水区のハウス内部の温度をデジタル式温度計で測定を行った。
１／２８、２／４にはハウスＡおよびハウスＣのみに散水を行ない、１／２９、２／５にはハウスＢおよびハウスＤのみに散水を行なった。全てのハウスの内部の温度を、デジタル式温度計を用いて午前６時に測定した。散水した４日間の平均散水水温は３．２℃であり、平均外気温は−２．３℃であった。
Test (2) (night warming effect)
From 4 am to 6 am on the same day as test (1), water was sprayed with a sprayer as in test (1). The watering interval was set every 30 minutes, and the watering amount was set to 100 cc per square meter. The temperature inside the house in the watering area and the non-watering area was measured with a digital thermometer.
On 1/28, 2/4, water was sprayed only on House A and House C, and on 1/29, 2/5, water was sprayed only on House B and House D. The temperature inside all the houses was measured at 6 am using a digital thermometer. The average water temperature for 4 days of watering was 3.2 ° C., and the average outside temperature was −2.3 ° C.
前記のテスト（１）および（２）を行ない、散水を実施したハウス内の温度の平均値と、散水を実施しなかったハウス内の温度の平均値を、表１および表２に示した。表１はテスト（１）の結果、すなわち午前１２時のハウス内の気温であり、表２はテスト（２）の結果、すなわち午前６時のハウス内の気温である。実施例１は積層フィルム−１を展張した温室の屋外面に水を流下した場合のハウス内温度の平均値（すなわち１／２８、２／４のハウスＡ、１／２９、２／５のハウスＢの温度の平均値）であり、参考例１は、積層フィルム−１を展張した温室に水を流下しなかった場合のハウス内温度の平均値（すなわち１／２８、２／４のハウスＢ、１／２９、２／５のハウスＡの温度の平均値）である。比較例１は積層フィルム−２を展張した温室の屋外面に水を流下した場合のハウス内温度の平均値（すなわち１／２８、２／４のハウスＣ、１／２９、２／５のハウスＤの温度の平均値）であり、参考例２は、積層フィルム−２を展張した温室に水を流下しなかった場合のハウス内温度の平均値（すなわち１／２８、２／４のハウスＤ、１／２９、２／５のハウスＣの温度の平均値）である。
積層フィルム−１を展張した温室の屋外面に水を流下した場合は、昼間の遮熱効果および夜間の保温効果に優れていた。このような温室内で植物を栽培すると、植物の生育性が向上する。
Tables 1 and 2 show the average values of the temperatures in the house where the tests (1) and (2) were performed and watering was performed, and the average values of the temperatures in the house where watering was not performed. Table 1 shows the result of the test (1), that is, the temperature in the house at 12:00 am, and Table 2 shows the result of the test (2), that is, the temperature in the house at 6:00 am. Example 1 is the average value of the temperature in the house when water flows down to the outdoor surface of the greenhouse where the laminated film-1 is spread (ie 1/28, 2/4 house A, 1/29, 2/5 house). B is an average value of the temperature of B), and Reference Example 1 is an average value of the temperature in the house when water is not flown into the greenhouse in which the laminated film-1 is spread (ie, 1/28, 2/4 of house B). , 1/29, 2/5, average temperature of house A). Comparative Example 1 is the average value of the temperature in the house when water was allowed to flow down to the outdoor surface of the greenhouse where the laminated film-2 was spread (ie 1/28, 2/4 house C, 1/29, 2/5 house). Reference Example 2 is an average value of the temperature in the house when water is not flown into the greenhouse in which the laminated film-2 is stretched (ie, 1/28, 2/4 house D). , 1/29, 2/5, average temperature of house C).
When water was allowed to flow down to the outdoor surface of the greenhouse where the laminated film-1 was spread, the heat insulation effect during the daytime and the heat retention effect during the night were excellent. When a plant is cultivated in such a greenhouse, the growth of the plant is improved.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011245857A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-12-08 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | Laminated film, and structure for plant cultivation |
| US10716266B2 (en) | 2012-08-23 | 2020-07-21 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Agricultural house |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0779646A (en) * | 1993-09-17 | 1995-03-28 | Ishii Iron Works Co Ltd | Farm covered with air-membrane roof |
| JP2000280425A (en) * | 1999-03-30 | 2000-10-10 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Agricultural film |
| JP2001095396A (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-10 | Saikobo:Kk | Light-collecting material and light-collecting apparatus for plant-culturing factory |
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- 2006-05-10 JP JP2006131112A patent/JP2007300836A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0779646A (en) * | 1993-09-17 | 1995-03-28 | Ishii Iron Works Co Ltd | Farm covered with air-membrane roof |
| JP2000280425A (en) * | 1999-03-30 | 2000-10-10 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Agricultural film |
| JP2001095396A (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-10 | Saikobo:Kk | Light-collecting material and light-collecting apparatus for plant-culturing factory |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011245857A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-12-08 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | Laminated film, and structure for plant cultivation |
| US10716266B2 (en) | 2012-08-23 | 2020-07-21 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Agricultural house |
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