JP2007288933A - Motor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To start smooth starting with low torque and low revolutions, by increasing the space factor of a winding space of an electric motor. <P>SOLUTION: In this electric motor, armature coils, which are structured by air core alpha winding of a rectangular melting wire provided with a rectangular conductor, an insulation cover that covers circumference of a conductor, and a melting cover that further covers the circumference of the insulation cover, are formed by bending so as to fit on the circumference of an armature 1 and a rotor 5 of the electric motor and mounted and fixed on the armature having no conductor storing groove. This motor provides a highly efficient electric motor having no cogging torque. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  In the present invention, an air-core alpha-wound electromagnetic coil is formed using a flat fused wire, and the formed electromagnetic coil is securely attached to the circumferential portion of the generator armature or field coil without a conductor housing groove. It is related with the electric motor characterized by these.

  In order to improve the performance of the generator, a method of increasing the winding density of the electromagnetic coil is generally used. However, in the conventional generator, the winding space shape is a truncated pyramid, and the winding shape collapses during winding. It is extremely difficult to increase the space factor for the line space. Further, in order to increase the power generation output in the slot type (similar structure with a conductor housing groove), the number of windings is increased, so that there are disadvantages such as an increase in copper loss and a decrease in total efficiency. Further, the slot type has a coking torque, and has a drawback that it does not start with a small drive output because a large torque is required at the time of starting.

Further, when the slotless type is used in order to reduce the starting torque, the magnetic flux density is reduced, so that it is necessary to increase the number of windings. Although there is a reduction in the coking torque, there is a disadvantage that the copper loss increases due to the large number of windings, resulting in a decrease in efficiency.

Furthermore, the generator with the conventional structure is not suitable for low starting torque drive due to the slit structure, which causes iron loss due to the iron core groove, generation of coking torque due to the slit, and torque fluctuation due to fluctuation of magnetic attractive force between the poles. There were drawbacks.

In Patent Document 1, in order to improve the slot space factor, the slot space factor can be improved by attaching a rectangular wire that matches the cross-sectional shape of the slot, and the heat transfer resistance can be greatly reduced. Although it is said that the increase in loss due to temperature rise can be reduced and the size can be reduced by reducing resistance, this patent is a method of inserting a flat wire into a slot, and is a method for inserting a rectangular fused wire air core alpha winding used in the present invention. The electromagnetic coil relates to a generator having a high space factor by bending and mounting and fixing so that it can be disposed on the circumference of the armature after winding. Furthermore, in Patent Document 2, in order to wind the lace portion so as to increase the space factor, a rectangular wire whose thickness is changed is wound around the tee portion to improve the space factor. The invention relates to the thickness of the wire sheet, and the flat rectangular fusion-bonded air core alpha-winding electromagnetic coil used by the present invention is bent and fixed so that it can be placed on the circumference of the armature without winding after winding. Therefore, it relates to a generator with a high space factor.

JP2001-161050 JP2001-186702

The problem to be solved is that the winding space can be fully utilized and smooth start-up can be performed even at low torque. After making the flat rectangular fused wire into an air core alpha winding, place the flat rectangular fused wire into the core space part of the air core alpha winding alone or laminated and forming the axial portion of the adjacent coil within the coil thickness dimension range. The two types of coils were mounted and fixed on the armature of the generator without the combined conductor storage groove without any step and contact between the coils on the circumferential surface. A single or laminated electromagnetic coil is formed according to the circumferential curve of the armature and the rotor, and is mounted and fixed to the armature or the rotor of the generator without the conductor housing groove. The rotor may be a field coil.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention provides a generator armature or rotor for a generator without a conductor containing groove, in which a flat fused wire is made into an air-core alpha winding, and an electromagnetic coil is single-layered or laminated as required. By bending the electromagnetic coil to match the winding space of the generator and mounting and fixing two types of coils on the generator armature or rotor circumferentially without any gaps, it is perpendicular to the magnetic flux required for power generation output. The occupancy density of the conducting wire becomes 90% or more excluding the air gap. Compared with the conventional generator windings, the cross-sectional area in the same space and the number of windings were improved. The copper loss is reduced by the previous improvement and the power generation efficiency is improved. By making the slotless, there is no fluctuation of the attractive force due to the magnetic force and no coking torque is generated. Here, the air gap refers to a space between the electromagnetic coil and the magnet fixed on the outer periphery of the armature. The press-processed coil used in the present invention has a highly accurate thickness dimension, so that the space between the magnet and the field coil can be designed and processed. An object of the present invention is to provide a generator that has a very high winding density and does not have a coking torque and starts with a low starting torque.

  The generator characterized by having a flat fused conductor alpha winding formed coil of the present invention is mounted and fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the generator armature with a flat fused fused wire alpha winding alone or laminated molded, The winding density can be increased by forming and mounting the electromagnetic coil so that the long side portion in the axial direction can be inserted into the core space portion. As for the connection of the electromagnetic coil, the output can be obtained efficiently by the single-phase or three-phase connection. Since the coil combination is free, multipolarization is easy. Furthermore, the generator without the coking torque is completed by making the armature without the conductor housing groove, the torque at the start-up is extremely small, and it rotates smoothly even at the low torque start-up. In particular, when energy is transmitted from power having a small starting torque, the coking torque has become a fatal defect for starting. The generator having the air-core alpha-winding electromagnetic coil using the flat fused wire of the present invention has an extremely small coking torque, and has a high winding density and an extremely efficient generator. Since the coking torque is extremely small, it is optimal as a generator for wind power generation with a small starting torque. Further, the generator may be read as an electric motor.

  A flat or rectangular wire is used to form a single or laminated curve with alpha core winding, so that the long side of the adjacent electromagnetic coil can be inserted into the winding core space of the adjacent electromagnetic coil without any step, Install and fix around the outer periphery of the generator armature without any gaps. By mounting and fixing to the armature without any gap, the conductor density related to the power generation of the armature is increased, so that the electromotive force is increased, a large electric power can be taken, the power generation efficiency is high, and the generator with extremely low coking torque is realized.

  FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view of a generator according to the present invention, in which 1 is an armature, 2 is a fixed shaft insertion portion, 3 is a laminated silicon steel plate of the armature, 4 is an armature coil, 5 is a rotor, A yoke, 7 is an N-pole permanent magnet, and 8 is an S-pole permanent magnet.

FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional view of the generator armature of the present invention, wherein 9 is a fixed shaft insertion portion, 10 is a laminated silicon steel plate of the armature, 11 is an outer mounting electromagnetic coil, 12 is an inner mounting electromagnetic coil, Reference numeral 13 denotes a gap between the electromagnetic coils.

  FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view of the generator rotor of the present invention, in which 14 is a yoke, 15 is an N-pole permanent magnet, and 16 is an S-pole permanent magnet.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the generator of the present invention, in which 17 is an armature, 18 is a fixed shaft, 19 is a rotating shaft, 20 is an outer mounting electromagnetic coil, 21 is an inner mounting electromagnetic coil, and 22 is rotating. 23, an air gap, 24 an N pole permanent magnet, 25 an S pole permanent magnet, and 26 an armature laminated silicon steel sheet.

  FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional view of the electromagnetic coil before molding used in the generator of the present invention, 27 is a rectangular fusion conducting wire, 28 is a core space portion, and 29 is a long side portion in the axial direction. FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional view of the molded electromagnetic coil used in the generator of the present invention, in which 30 is a curved portion, 31 is a flat fused conductor, 32 is a core space portion, and 33 is a lead wire. FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the curved portion of the outer-mounted electromagnetic coil, wherein 34 is an outer-mounted curved portion, 35 is a flat fused wire, and 36 is a core space portion. FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the bending portion of the inner mounting electromagnetic coil, 37 is an inner mounting bending portion, 38 is a flat fusion wire, and 39 is a core space portion.

FIG. 9 is a series connection of armature windings, 40 is an armature coil, 41 is an armature coil connection portion, and 42 is a series connection output terminal. FIG. 10 shows parallel connection of armature windings, where 43 is an armature coil, 44 is an armature coil connection portion, and 45 is a parallel connection output terminal.

FIG. 11 shows a comparison of the output characteristics of the generator. FIG. 12 shows a comparison of generator efficiency characteristics.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the flat core fusion lead wire is wound with an air core alpha and is further bent so as to be in close contact with the armature. In accordance with the required output voltage, the electromagnetic coil is made into a single body or a laminated state, and is similarly bent so as to be in close contact with the circumference of the armature. The adjacent electromagnetic coil is formed so that the long side portion of the adjacent electromagnetic coil can be mounted and fixed without a step in the winding core space portion of the adjacent electromagnetic coil, and is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the armature without a gap. Three-phase output can be obtained by star or delta connection at the beginning and end of winding of the electromagnetic coil.

Furthermore, in order to obtain a sufficient output at a low rotation, a high output voltage can be obtained at low rotation by connecting the windings of the generator in series as shown in FIG. In some cases, as shown in FIG. 10, parallel connection can be used to increase output current and reduce copper loss. An optimal output was obtained depending on the number of revolutions, and a generator capable of generating electricity with excellent efficiency was obtained.

  The air-core alpha winding single-piece or laminated molding electromagnetic coil used for the generator of the present invention is curved so that it can be disposed on the outer periphery of the armature without any gap. When the electromagnetic coil is arranged on the circumference of the armature, both ends of the electromagnetic coil overlap each other, so there is a risk that the electromagnetic coils come into contact with each other and insulation is lowered. In order to avoid the risk of lowering the insulation, a special curve is formed as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 so that a gap is formed between the electromagnetic coils. A curved specially formed electromagnetic coil is mounted and fixed on the outer periphery of an armature without a conductor housing groove, and the armature shown in FIG. 2 is completed. The armature and the rotor of FIG. 3 having a permanent magnet are combined in FIG. A generator was made.

  Since the generator according to the present invention has a small starting torque and a small iron loss and copper loss, the power generation efficiency is high, and the generated power can be obtained from the low speed rotation. 11 and 12 show comparison of generator characteristics with equivalent output. It can be seen that the power generation efficiency with respect to the output current is superior over the entire output current compared to the conventional generator, and the output power of the generator of the present invention increases in proportion to the output current. The generator of the present invention has a maximum output power point with respect to the output current, where the current value is relatively small, and then rapidly decreases, so that the maximum output power limit is fast and the usable current range is narrow. Has the advantage that the output power can be obtained up to a wide range of current values and can be used up to a large current range.

  The generator of the present invention is optimal as a wind power generator with a large driving power fluctuation because the starting torque is small and the iron loss and copper loss are small, so the power generation efficiency is high and the generated power can be obtained from low speed rotation. . Furthermore, since generated power can be obtained from low-speed rotation, it is also suitable as a hydroelectric power generator with a low rotational speed. Conventional wind power generators can generate power at high speeds, but have problems such as a sharp drop in power at low speeds. Furthermore, when the wind speed is low, the rotational torque of the windmill is so small that it does not reach the starting torque of the generator, causing problems such as not rotating. The generator according to the present invention has a feature that since the starting torque is extremely small, the generator rotates smoothly even in a light wind and starts to generate electricity although it is weak. By combining the generator of the present invention with a wind turbine or water turbine, power can be generated from a small driving energy, and since the iron loss and copper loss are small, the power generation efficiency is high and the driving energy can be effectively utilized. Contribute to the spread of

The three-dimensional view of the generator of this invention. The three-dimensional view of the generator armature of the present invention. 3 is a three-dimensional view of the generator rotor of the present invention. FIG. Sectional drawing of the generator of this invention. The solid diagram of the electromagnetic coil before shaping | molding used for the generator of this invention. The solid view of the electromagnetic coil after the shaping | molding process used for the generator of this invention. The curved part enlarged view of an outside mounting | wearing electromagnetic coil. The curved part enlarged view of an inner side installation electromagnetic coil. Series connection of generators. Parallel connection of generators. Comparison of generator output characteristics. Comparison of efficiency characteristics of generators.

Explanation of symbols

1, 17, Armatures 2, 9, Fixed shaft insertion portions 3, 10, 26, Laminated silicon steel plates 4, 40, 43, Armature coils 5, 22, Rotors 6, 14, Yoke 7, 15, 24, N Pole permanent magnets 8, 16, 25, S pole permanent magnets 11, 20, outer mounting electromagnetic coils 12, 21, inner mounting electromagnetic coil 13, gap 18 between the electromagnetic coils, fixed shaft 19, rotating shaft 23, Air gaps 27, 31, 35, 38, flat fused conductors 28, 32, 36, 39, core space portion 29, axial long side portion 33, lead wire 34, outer curved portion 37, inner curved portions 41, 44 , Armature coil connection portion 42, series connection output terminal 45, parallel connection output terminal

Claims (5)

An electromagnetic core formed by air-core alpha winding using a fusion lead wire (hereinafter referred to as a fusion lead wire) comprising a flat lead wire, an insulation film covering the periphery of the lead wire, and a fusion film further covering the periphery of the insulation film. An electric motor characterized in that a coil is attached and fixed to an armature of an electric motor having no conductor housing groove. An electric motor characterized by mounting and fixing a flat fused wire with an air core alpha winding alone or a laminated molded electromagnetic coil to an armature or field coil of an electric motor without a conductor housing groove. Steps on the circumferential surface within the coil thickness dimension and contact between the coils in the space area of the coil in the axial space of the flat core fused lead wire with the air core alpha winding unit or laminated magnet coil An electric motor characterized by combining two types of coils and fixing them to the armature of an electric motor without a conductor storage groove.   An electric motor having an electromagnetic coil, wherein the end surfaces of a plurality of electromagnetic coils mounted on the armature and the field coil are not in contact with each other. The electric motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein there is no coking torque, wherein an armature without a conductor housing groove and an electromagnetic coil formed by air-core alpha winding of a flat-angle fused conductor are attached to a field coil.

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