JP2007268670A - Working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a working machine capable of shortening machining time, improving machining accuracy, and being partitioned. <P>SOLUTION: This working machine is provided with an inner ring 26 in which a plurality of divided arc inner ring segments 26a, 26b are combined to surround a work, an outer ring 25 in which a plurality of divided arc outer ring segments 25a, 25b are combined to surround the inner ring 26, a rolling guide device 38 guiding the rotation of the inner ring 26 relative to the outer ring 25, and driving mechanisms 35, 36, 33 rotating the inner ring 26. The rolling guide device 38 is provided with a circular track rail 39 made by connecting a plurality of divided arc rail segments 41, a moving block 40 assembled movably in the circumferential direction along the track rail 39, and a plurality of balls 42 intervened freely to roll between the track rail 39 and the moving block 40. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing machine which is installed at a site where a workpiece is present and which processes the workpiece at the site.

  When processing parts of a machine incorporated in a production line for repair, if the parts are disassembled and processed from the machine, the period during which the production line stops is prolonged. For this reason, a processing machine for processing machine parts is installed at a site where the machine is located, and the machine parts are processed locally.

  For example, in a steel mill, a shearing machine is incorporated in a rolling line in order to cut a rolled steel sheet into a predetermined dimension required by a customer (see, for example, Patent Document 1). A crop shear as a shearing machine that cuts scraps at the top and bottom of a steel plate is a type in which the upper blade and the lower blade rotate to cut the steel plate, and has a pair of crankshafts that rotate the upper blade and the lower blade. . As shown in FIG. 9, since the crankshaft 1 and the metal holder 2 to which the upper blade or the lower blade is attached are in sliding contact, and the force when shearing the steel plate is applied to the crankshaft 1, the metal holder 2 In addition, the crankshaft 1 is also partially worn due to aging (the worn portion is indicated by 1a in the figure). For this reason, it is necessary to periodically replace the outer peripheral surface of the crankshaft 1 with a new metal holder that is cut into a perfect circle and thickened. At this time, if the crankshaft is disassembled from the crop shear, the period during which the rolling line is stopped will be prolonged, so a processing machine called an external machine is installed around the crankshaft 1 and the outer peripheral surface of the crankshaft is machined on-site. There is a need to.

As shown in FIG. 10, the shaving machine is divided into two semicircles so that the shaving machine can be installed around the crankshaft 1 at the site. Then, after the inner ring 3 and the outer ring 4 are combined, the inner ring 3 is rotated with respect to the outer ring 4, and the outer peripheral surface of the crankshaft 1 is cut with a tool provided on the inner ring 3. As shown in FIG. 11, a metal bearing 5 that guides the rotation of the inner ring 3 is interposed between the inner ring 3 and the outer ring 4. The metal bearing 5 is fixed to the outer ring 4, and the inner ring 3 slides relative to the metal bearing 5. Of course, this metal bearing 5 is also divided into two semicircles.
JP-A-10-291016

  However, since the inner ring 3 and the metal bearing 5 are in metal contact and slide, there is a problem that the number of rotations of the inner ring 3 cannot be increased so much that processing takes time. In addition, as long as the inner ring 3 rotates, a slight gap must be provided between the inner ring 3 and the metal bearing 5. Due to this gap, the roundness of the crankshaft 1 after cutting does not occur, and installation takes time and effort.

  As a technique for solving this problem, it is conceivable to use a rolling bearing in which rolling elements such as rollers and balls are interposed between the inner ring and the outer ring, instead of the metal bearing that slides. However, if the rolling bearing is divided into two parts, the rolling elements and the cage are exposed, so the rolling bearing cannot be divided into two semicircular shapes.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a processing machine that can solve the above problems, shorten processing time, improve processing accuracy, and can be divided.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention described in claim 1 is divided into a plurality of parts in a processing machine for processing the outer peripheral surface of a workpiece by rotating one of an inner ring or an outer ring provided with a tool with respect to the other. An inner ring formed by combining the arc-shaped inner ring segments so as to surround the workpiece, an outer ring formed by combining a plurality of divided arc-shaped outer ring segments so as to surround the inner ring, A rolling guide device for guiding one of the inner ring and the outer ring to rotate with respect to the other; and a driving mechanism for rotating one of the inner ring or the outer ring with respect to the other, the rolling guide. The device is attached to one of the inner ring or the outer ring, and A circular track rail formed by connecting split arc-shaped rail segments, and a moving block that is attached to the other of the inner ring and the outer ring and is movably assembled along the track rail in the circumferential direction And a plurality of rolling elements interposed between the track rail and the moving block so as to be capable of rolling motion.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the processing machine according to claim 1, wherein the processing machine further includes a feed mechanism that moves the inner ring and the outer ring in the axial direction of the workpiece. .

  A processing machine according to a third aspect of the present invention is the processing machine according to the first or second aspect, wherein the processing machine is an external cutting machine that cuts a crankshaft of a rolled crop shear.

  According to the present invention, the rolling guide device in which the moving block moves in the circumferential direction along the circular track rail is interposed between the inner block and the outer rail. And the inner ring or outer ring can be rotated with low sliding resistance. Therefore, it is possible to increase the processing accuracy and perform processing at high speed rotation. Further, since adjustment of the gap is unnecessary, the installation time can be shortened.

  A processing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the present embodiment, an example will be described in which the present invention is applied to a cutting machine that cuts a crankshaft of a crop shear incorporated in a rolling line of a steel mill.

  First, the outline of the structure of the crop shear will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, in the crop shear, a pair of upper and lower upper blades 11 and 12 is rotated to cut a steel plate. The upper blade 11 and the lower blade 12 are rotated by crankshafts 13 and 14. The crankshafts 13 and 14 are rotatably supported by the rolling bearing 15 and are driven to rotate in opposite directions by the motor 16 and the gear 17. The crankshaft 13 is bent halfway and has central shafts 13a and 14a that are eccentric from the center of rotation. The upper blade 11 and the lower blade 12 are attached to the central shafts 13a and 14a.

  FIG. 2 shows the upper blade 11 and the lower blade 12 as viewed from the axial direction of the crankshafts 13 and 14. The upper blade 11 and the lower blade 12 are attached to the crankshafts 13 and 14 via metal holders 19 and 20. When the crankshafts 13 and 14 are rotated when the top portion and the bottom portion of the steel plate 21 pass, the upper blade 11 and the lower blade 12 draw a track indicated by a two-dot chain line in the figure, and cut the steel plate 21 by shearing. .

  Sub-cranks 22 and 23 are attached to the upper blade 11 and the lower blade 12 in order to make the phases coincide with each other. The upper blade 11 and the lower blade 12 revolve around the rotation center of the crankshafts 13 and 14 by the rotation of the crankshafts 13 and 14, but their rotation is limited by the sub-cranks 22 and 23. For this reason, the metal holders 19 and 20 fixed to the upper blade 11 and the lower blade 12 slide with respect to the crankshafts 13 and 14. A material softer than the crankshafts 13 and 14 is used for the metal holders 19 and 20. Since the metal holders 19 and 20 are worn out after a certain period of time, the metal holders 19 and 20 need to be periodically replaced. Not only the metal holders 19 and 20 that are easily worn when used for a longer period of time, but also the crankshafts 13 and 14 are worn. Even if the metal holders 19 and 20 are replaced, if the crankshafts 13 and 14 are worn, cutting with high accuracy cannot be performed. For this reason, the crankshafts 13 and 14 also need to be cut periodically to make a perfect circle.

  FIGS. 3 and 4 show the external machine installed around the crankshafts 13 and 14. The cutting machine includes an outer ring 25 that is fixed on the base 24 and an inner ring 26 that is rotatably fitted inside the outer ring 25. A cutting tool 27 is attached to one place in the circumferential direction of the inner ring 26 so as to be able to advance and retract toward the crankshafts 13 and 14. The base 24 is installed on a table 28 that can move linearly in the axial direction of the crankshafts 13 and 14. The feed mechanism including the table 28 moves the inner ring 26 and the outer ring 25 in the axial direction of the crankshafts 13 and 14 to give a feed motion to the cutting tool 27. When the inner ring 26 is rotated with respect to the outer ring 25, the cutting tool 27 cuts the outer peripheral surfaces of the crankshafts 13 and 14. By giving a feed motion to the cutting tool 27 while cutting the outer peripheral surfaces of the crankshafts 13 and 14, the crankshafts 13 and 14 can be cut over the entire length in the axial direction.

  5 and 6 show a detailed view of the shaving machine. The inner ring 26 is formed by combining semi-circular inner ring segments 26 a and 26 b divided into two so as to surround the crankshafts 13 and 14. The inner ring segments 26a, 26b have an inner cylinder part 29 obtained by dividing a cylinder into two semicircular shapes, and side parts 30 provided at both ends in the axial direction of the inner cylinder part 29 and projecting in a flange shape. A rack 31 extending in a semicircular shape is attached to the outer periphery of the inner cylindrical portion 29 of the inner ring segments 26a, 26b. When the pair of inner ring segments 26a and 26b are combined, the pair of semicircular racks 31 are also connected to form a circular shape.

  The outer ring 25 is also formed by combining semicircular outer ring segments 25a and 25b which are divided into two. The outer ring segments 25 a and 25 b have an outer cylinder part 32 obtained by dividing a cylinder into two semicircular shapes, and a flange part 33 projecting outward from the center in the axial direction of the outer cylinder part 32. It is arrange | positioned inside the side part 30 of this. At both ends in the circumferential direction of the flange portion 33, coupling portions 33a and 33b for coupling the two outer ring segments 25a and 25b are provided. The coupling portion 33a of one outer ring segment 25a is coupled to the coupling portion 33b of the mating outer ring segment 25b using a joining means such as a bolt. Of the outer ring segments 25 a and 25 b divided into two, one outer ring segment 25 a and 25 b is coupled to the base 24. A pinion 35 that meshes with a rack 31 provided on the inner ring 26 is rotatably attached to the base 24. The pinion 35 is rotationally driven by a motor 36 fixed to the base 24. The motor 36, the pinion 35, and the rack 31 constitute a drive mechanism that rotates the inner ring 26. When the motor 36 is rotated, the pinion 35 rotates, and the rack 31 that meshes with the pinion 35 rotates in the circumferential direction. Since the rack 31 and the inner ring 26 are coupled, the inner ring 26 also rotates as the rack 31 rotates in the circumferential direction.

  FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the outer cutter cut in the radial direction. Rolling guide devices 38, 38 are interposed between the pair of side portions 30 of the inner ring segments 26 a, 26 b and both side surfaces of the outer cylindrical portion 32 of the outer ring segments 25 a, 25 b inside the pair of side portions 30. Is done. The rolling guide devices 38 and 38 include a track rail 39 attached to the outer ring segments 25a and 25b, and a moving block 40 attached to the inner ring segments 26a and 26b. In a general rolling guide device, the track rail 39 extends linearly, and the moving block 40 moves linearly along the track rail 39. However, in the rolling guide device used in this embodiment, the track rail 39 becomes a circular track, and the moving block 40 moves along the track rail 39 in the circumferential direction.

  FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of the rolling guide device. The circular track rail 39 is formed by connecting arc-shaped rail segments 41 divided into two or more parts. The rail segment 41 is attached to each of the outer ring segments 25a and 25b divided into two. When the outer ring segments 25a and 25b divided into two are combined, the divided arc-shaped rail segments 41 are connected to form a circular track rail 39. As shown in FIG. 6, the plurality of moving blocks 40 are attached to the outer ring segments 25a and 25b at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Since the track rail 39 is circular, the moving block 40 can rotate around the track rail 39 many times.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the arc-shaped rail segment 41 is formed with a plurality of ball rolling grooves 41 a extending along the longitudinal direction of the rail segment 41. The moving block 40 is formed with a loaded ball rolling groove 40a facing the ball rolling groove 41a of the rail segment 41. The moving block 40 is provided with a ball return passage that connects one end and the other end of the loaded ball rolling groove 40 a of the moving block 40. The loaded ball rolling groove 40a and the ball return passage 40b of the moving block 40 constitute a circuit-like ball circulation path. A plurality of balls 42 are arranged as rolling elements in this ball circulation path. When the moving block 40 moves in the circumferential direction along the rail segment 41, a plurality of balls 42 interposed between the loaded ball rolling groove 40a of the moving block 40 and the ball rolling groove 41a of the rail segment 41 roll. To do. The ball 42 that has rolled from one end to the other end of the load ball rolling groove 40a of the moving block 40 is guided to the ball return path 40b, passes through the ball return path 40b, and then again enters the original load ball rolling groove 40a. Returned to one end. That is, as the moving block 40 moves, the plurality of balls 42 circulate in the circuit-shaped ball circulation path.

  When such a rolling guide device 38 is used, the ball 42 is not exposed unlike a rolling bearing even if it is divided. Therefore, it is possible to divide the outer cutter while using the rolling motion. In order to guide the rotation of the inner ring 26, the rolling motion of the ball 42 is used instead of the sliding motion between the metals such as the metal bearings. Can be rotated.

  The rotation speed and machining accuracy of the external grinding machine were compared between when using metal bearings and when using rolling bearings. As a result, when the metal bearing was used, the rotational speed could be increased only to 7 rpm because of high temperature, whereas when the rolling guide device was used, the rotational speed could be increased to 12 rpm. With the increase in the number of rotations, the processing time could be reduced from 33 hours to 28 hours. Regarding the processing accuracy, the roundness could be improved from 0.10 to 0.04, and the surface roughness could be reduced from 4-6 Ra to 3.2-5 Ra. Furthermore, the installation time could be reduced from 24 hours to 17 hours.

  In the above embodiment, the example in which the present invention is applied to an external cutting machine that cuts the crankshaft of a crop shear has been described. However, the application of the present invention is not limited to the external cutting machine. As long as there is a need for on-site installation and machining of the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical workpiece with high precision, it can be applied to a processing machine for any application.

Cropshire structure schematic diagram Schematic diagram showing the upper and lower blades of the crop shear Side view showing the shaving machine installed on the crankshaft Front view showing the shaving machine installed on the crankshaft Detailed side view of the external cutting machine (including partial cross section) Detailed front view of the external cutting machine (including partial cross section) Radial cross section of the external machine Perspective view of rolling guide device Conceptual diagram showing wear on the crankshaft of a crop shear Exploded view of conventional shaving machine Radial cross section of a conventional machine

Explanation of symbols

13, 14 ... crankshaft 36 ... motor (drive mechanism)
25 ... Outer rings 25a, 25b ... Outer ring segment 26 ... Inner rings 26a, 26b ... Inner ring segment 31 ... Rack (drive mechanism)
35 ... Pinion (drive mechanism)
36 ... Motor (drive mechanism)
38 ... Rolling guide device 39 ... Track rail 40 ... Moving block 41 ... Rail segment 42 ... Ball (rolling element)

Claims (3)

In a processing machine for processing the outer peripheral surface of a workpiece by rotating one of an inner ring or an outer ring provided with a tool with respect to the other,
An inner ring formed by combining a plurality of divided arc-shaped inner ring segments so as to surround the workpiece, and an outer ring formed by combining a plurality of divided arc-shaped outer ring segments so as to surround the inner ring. And a rolling guide device for guiding one of the inner ring or the outer ring to rotate with respect to the other, and a drive mechanism for rotating one of the inner ring or the outer ring with respect to the other,
The rolling guide device is attached to one of the inner ring or the outer ring and has a circular track rail formed by connecting a plurality of divided arc-shaped rail segments, and the inner ring or the outer ring. A moving block that is attached to the other and that is assembled so as to be movable in the circumferential direction along the track rail; and a plurality of rolling elements that are interposed between the track rail and the moving block so as to allow rolling motion. A processing machine characterized by that. The processing machine according to claim 1, further comprising a feed mechanism that moves the inner ring and the outer ring in an axial direction of the workpiece. The processing machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the processing machine is an external cutting machine that cuts a crankshaft of a rolled crop shear.

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