JP2007037369A - Rolling stock driving system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rolling stock driving system for preventing wasteful fuel consumption by optimizing the energy efficiency of a train composition as a whole and for maintaining an operational traveling distance and economic efficiency. <P>SOLUTION: The rolling stock driving system is provided with a plurality of power generation means arranged dispersedly to each of a plurality of rolling stocks constituting one train composition, a power transmission means for transmitting the power of a plurality of the power generation means, a power conversion device for converting the power transmitted by the power transmission means to drive power for a drive motor to allow the train composition to travel, and a power generation intensive management control means that controls power generated by a plurality of the power generation means and is mounted to one of a plurality of the rolling stocks in order to output a command to start an arbitrary number of the power generation means in a plurality of the power-generation means. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle drive system, and more particularly to a vehicle drive system in which a fuel cell is mounted as power generation means.

  Conventionally, most railway vehicle drive systems having power generation means such as diesel cars and diesel locomotives are driven by a single vehicle. Also, in train train drive systems that connect trains to form trains, power is generally supplied from overhead wires that run over the ground via pantographs, but for purposes such as reducing maintenance of overhead wires. Some studies are underway on an overhead wire-less system in which power generation means is provided in a train.

  In the “railway vehicle drive system” described in Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 6, as similar to the flow of examination of the overhead wire-less system, a vehicle 3 a on which power generation means 4 is intensively installed, and passengers A knitting system 2 composed of a vehicle 3b to be placed is described as an example. The system 2 includes a power generation unit 4, a power transmission unit 5, a power conversion device 7 that converts power to a drive motor (not shown), and wheels 9. The power conversion device 7 is provided in each vehicle 3a, 3b. Distributed. The power generation means 4 is intensively arranged in the leading vehicle 3a, for example, and this system 2 is an effective system configuration when the power generation means 4 is composed of, for example, a diesel generator that generates vibration and noise.

  On the other hand, as a future high-efficiency power generation means, fuel cells have attracted attention in recent years, and their development has been energetically advanced. Assuming that fuel cells are used as power generation means for railway vehicle drive systems, hydrogen fuel tank arrangement, low noise and low vibration characteristics of fuel cells, and design and application characteristics that fuel cells are easier to configure with small and medium capacity In consideration of the above, it is considered that the optimal configuration is distributed to each train-organized vehicle.

However, in this distributed arrangement, if the output of each fuel cell is controlled independently, a plurality of fuel cells are wastefully operated even in an operation state in which the amount of power for driving is not necessary, etc. The overall efficiency cannot be optimized, and there has been a problem that the cruising range is reduced due to an increase in fuel consumption due to wasted power, and the economy is reduced.
JP 2005-27447 A

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle drive system that optimizes the energy efficiency of the entire train organization to prevent wasteful fuel consumption and maintain the operation range and economy.

  The vehicle drive system according to the basic configuration of the present invention includes a plurality of power generation means distributed in each of a plurality of vehicles constituting one train formation, a power transmission means for transmitting power of the plurality of power generation means, and the power A power conversion device that converts the power transmitted by the transmission means into drive power for a driving motor that travels the train formation, and centrally manages the power generation of the plurality of power generation means and through the power transmission means Power generation centralized management control means mounted on any of the plurality of vehicles to centrally control the amount of power transmitted to the power converter.

  In the vehicle drive system according to the above basic configuration, the plurality of power generation means include fuel cells, and each of the plurality of vehicles is equipped with a fuel tank filled with fuel supplied to each of the fuel cells. The power generation centralized management control means may output a control command for at least one of activation of the plurality of power generation means and generated power.

  In the vehicle drive system according to the above paragraph, the power generation centralized management control unit is configured to start each power generation unit and generate power based on the remaining amount information of each fuel in the fuel tank supplied to each of the plurality of power generation units. You may make it control at least one of quantity.

  In the vehicle drive system according to the basic configuration described above, the power generation centralized management control means includes at least one of the number of activated power generation means mounted on each vehicle and the amount of generated power based on the amount of power required for one entire train organization. May be controlled.

  In the vehicle drive system according to the basic configuration described above, the power generation centralized management control unit may control at least one of activation of each power generation unit and generated power based on information in the route information database.

  In the vehicle drive system according to the basic configuration, the power transmission means is connected to a plurality of energy storage devices provided in each vehicle via a charge / discharge conversion device provided in each vehicle, and the power generation unit The central management control means may be configured to have an aspect for controlling at least one of activation of the respective power generation means and generated power based on the total energy amount of the remaining energy of the plurality of energy storage devices. good.

  In the vehicle drive system according to the configuration of the above aspect, the charge / discharge conversion device connected to the plurality of energy storage devices controls charge / discharge power so that the voltage of each vehicle portion of the power transmission means is constant. You may make it do.

  In the vehicle drive system according to the configuration of the above aspect, the charge / discharge conversion device connected to the plurality of energy storage devices follows the voltage command value that is a function of its charge / discharge power. Thus, the charge / discharge power may be controlled.

  In the vehicle drive system according to the configuration of the above aspect, each of the plurality of energy storage devices is an electric double layer capacitor mounted on each of the plurality of vehicles, and uses a charging action and a discharging action of the electric double layer capacitor. The energy storage device may be replenished with energy.

  The vehicle drive system according to the above aspect may further include an auxiliary power supply for the vehicle that accumulates the electric power transmitted by the electric power transmission unit and supplements the insufficient electric power when the driving electric power is insufficient. good.

  According to the vehicle drive system of the present invention, energy efficiency in the entire train organization can be optimized to prevent wasteful fuel consumption, and the operation cruising distance and economy can be maintained.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a vehicle drive system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a vehicle drive system of a first embodiment as a basic configuration of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a vehicle drive system 1 according to the first embodiment transmits a plurality of power generation means 4 distributed in each of a plurality of vehicles 3 constituting one train formation 2 and the power of the plurality of power generation means 4. The power transmission means 5 that performs the power transmission by the power transmission means 5, the power conversion device 7 that converts the power transmitted by the power transmission means 5 into the drive power of the driving motor 6 that runs the train formation 2, and the power generation by the plurality of power generation means 4. Power generation centralized management control means 8 mounted on any of the plurality of vehicles 3 in order to centrally control and centrally control the amount of power transmitted to the power converter 7 via the power transmission means 5. Prepare. The driving electric motor 6 transmits power to the wheels 9. The power generation means 4 may include a fuel cell 11 that has been rapidly progressing toward practical use in recent years. In this case, a fuel tank 12 filled with fuel such as hydrogen or ethanol is also provided for each vehicle 3. Is arranged.

  The vehicle drive system 1 having the above configuration is configured to supply power to the power conversion device 7 that controls the vehicle drive motor 6 after the outputs of the plurality of power generation means 4 are connected by the power transmission means 5. Drive system that optimizes the efficiency of the entire train formation 1 by operating the output power or the number of starting units of each power generation means 4 based on a command from the power generation centralized management control means 7 mounted on the formation vehicle. Can be configured.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a vehicle drive system according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. This 2nd Embodiment has shown the structure which specified that the electric power generation means 4 of 1st Embodiment was comprised by the fuel cell 11 and the fuel tank 12. FIG. In FIG. 2, the vehicle drive system 1 in the second embodiment includes a fuel cell 11, a fuel tank 12, a drive motor power conversion device 7, each fuel cell 11 and a drive motor power conversion device mounted on each vehicle 3. 7 and a power generation centralized management control means 8 that is mounted on the leading vehicle 3 in a concentrated manner, for example.

  As described in the first embodiment, the fuel cell 11 and the fuel tank 12 constitute the power generation means 4, and the combined weight of the fuel cell 11 and the fuel tank 12 is equally distributed to each vehicle 3. It is like that. The power generation centralized management control means 8 is composed of an electronic circuit or the like and is therefore quite light. On the other hand, the fuel cell 11 and the fuel tank 12 currently have a considerable weight. It is desirable that the components having weight are distributed in each vehicle 3.

  The fuel cell 11 currently developed has a considerable weight, and since the fuel tank 12 is also filled with liquid hydrogen or the like, it is appropriate when the fuel is full. It becomes a heavy weight. Therefore, it is not preferable from a design point of view to manufacture a large-capacity fuel cell 11 and a large-capacity fuel tank 12 and mount them on one vehicle. For this reason, in a vehicle drive system that uses a fuel cell as the power generation means 4, medium and small-sized fuel cells 11 and fuel tanks 12 that are combined with the fuel cells 11 are distributed in each vehicle 3.

  Further, in the vehicle drive system according to the second embodiment, the power generation centralized management control means 8 uses the remaining fuel amount information of the fuel tank 12 supplied to each of the plurality of fuel cells 11 as the power generation means 4. Based on this, at least one of the activation of each power generation means 4 and the amount of generated power is controlled.

  Furthermore, in the first and second embodiments, the power generation centralized management control means 8 is configured to generate the number of power generation means 4 mounted on each vehicle 3 and the power generation based on the amount of power required for the entire train formation 2. It is used to control at least one of the electric energy.

  Further, in the first and second embodiments, the power generation centralized management control means 8 is based on the information in the route information database not shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. One is controlled.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, a vehicle drive system according to a third embodiment in which an electric power storage system using EDLC (Electric Double Layer Capacitor) as an energy storage element is used will be described with reference to a block diagram shown in FIG. Moreover, the specific circuit block diagram of the system mounted in each vehicle is as showing in FIG. FIG. 5 shows a specific example of the drooping characteristic of the voltage command of the charging / discharging device.

  EDLC is an electric double layer capacitor, and the surface where two different layers of solid and liquid are in contact has the property of storing electricity, and this property is called the “electric double layer” phenomenon. In the third embodiment, a capacitor having the electric double layer phenomenon as an operating principle is applied. An EDLC having this operating principle is a capacitor whose operating principle is an electric double layer generated at the interface between activated carbon and electrolyte. When activated carbon is used as a solid and an electrolytic solution (an odd sulfuric acid aqueous solution) is used as a liquid, and these solids and liquid are brought into contact with each other, positive and negative electrodes are relatively distributed at an extremely short distance on the interface. Such a phenomenon is called an electric double layer. When a voltage is applied so that electrolysis does not occur by immersing a pair of electrodes in an ionic solution (it does not work as a capacitor when electrolysis occurs), ions are adsorbed on the surface of each electrode, and positive and negative electricity is generated. Stored (charge). When electricity is discharged to the outside, positive and negative ions leave the electrode and return to a neutral state (discharge).

  3, in addition to the configuration of the second embodiment of FIG. 2, the vehicle drive system according to the third embodiment is a charge / discharge conversion device that is distributed in each vehicle 3 and connected to the power transmission means 5. 13 and a plurality of electric double layer capacitors (hereinafter referred to as EDLC) 14 as a plurality of energy storage devices. The power transmission means 5 is connected to EDLCs 14 as a plurality of energy storage devices provided in the respective vehicles via a plurality of charge / discharge conversion devices 13 provided in the respective vehicles 3, and a power generation centralized management control means. 8 controls at least one of the activation of each power generation means 4 and the amount of generated power based on the total energy amount of the remaining energy of the EDLC 14 as a plurality of energy storage devices.

  The plurality of charge / discharge conversion devices 13 respectively connected to the EDLCs 14 serving as a plurality of energy storage devices control the charge / discharge power so that the voltage of each vehicle portion of the power transmission means 5 is constant. Furthermore, the charge / discharge converter 13 connected to each EDLC 14 as a plurality of energy storage devices supplies the charge / discharge power so that the voltage of the power transmission means 5 follows the voltage command value which is a function of its charge / discharge power. I have control. FIG. 5 shows a specific example of this control characteristic. In FIG. 5, the DC voltage command value of the power transmission means 5 is shown on the vertical axis with respect to the charge / discharge status of the charge / discharge power on the horizontal axis. When the EDLC 14 is approximately 100% discharged, the voltage command value is approximately 800V, and when the charge / discharge power is 0%, the voltage command value is approximately 750V, which is approximately 100 charges. When this is done, the voltage command value is controlled to be 700V.

  The plurality of energy storage devices are electric double layer capacitors (EDLC) 14 mounted on each of the plurality of vehicles 3, and the energy storage device replenishes energy using the charging and discharging operations of the EDLC 14. ing. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, each vehicle 3 is configured such that each component is electrically connected in parallel to the power transmission means 5, and the fuel cell 11 and the power conversion device 7 for the drive motor are connected in series. The EDLC 14 and the auxiliary power source 15 are connected in series via the subordinate converter 13. The auxiliary power supply 15 is mounted on each vehicle 3 in order to accumulate the power transmitted by the power transmission means 5 and supplement the insufficient power when the drive power is insufficient. A capacitor and a diode are provided in parallel between the fuel cell 11 and the power converter 7, and a transistor is arranged in parallel with one of the diodes. A resistance is generated between the connection point of the other diode and the transistor and the fuel cell 11. As shown in FIG. 4, the structure of the charge / discharge conversion device provided between the auxiliary power supply 15 and the EDLC 14 is composed of a series diode and a transistor pair in parallel therewith, and between the connection point of the transistor pair and the EDLC 14. There is resistance.

In the vehicle drive system according to the third embodiment having the above configuration, the remaining amount of the fuel tank 12 that supplies fuel independently to the fuel cells 11 as the respective power generation means 4 can be intentionally unbalanced. , By supplying only fuel tanks that are completely empty instead of all fuel tanks at the depot, and by consuming fuel evenly from each fuel tank, It is possible to perform fuel consumption control that meets the requirements for refueling, such as enabling refueling in the shortest time when fuel is supplied.
Further, in the vehicle drive system according to the third embodiment, based on the route information database, for example, on a route with many downhill slopes, the number of the power generating means 4 is limited to the minimum required number, thereby generating all the power generating means 4. Avoids continuing to operate at a low output with low power generation efficiency, while operating power generation means should be operated approximately near the maximum efficiency operating point of the power generation means, and power generation means that have not been activated should stop power generation completely This makes it possible to minimize the generated loss. In particular, in the case of the fuel cell 11 that takes time to start and stop, determining the number of units to be started in advance according to the route is an effective operation method that takes advantage of the features.

  In the third embodiment, the difference between the power required for driving and the total power generated by the power generation means is output from the EDLC 14 as the energy storage means, which leads to the stability of the entire system. Further, in the third embodiment, the charge / discharge conversion device 13 connected to the EDLC 14 as the energy storage device is charged / discharged so that the voltage of the power transmission means follows the voltage command value that is a function of its charge / discharge power. In particular, by providing a drooping characteristic to the voltage command value for discharge power, even when multiple charge / discharge converters are connected in parallel, the charge / discharge power balance is automatically achieved. Is possible.

The block diagram which shows the structure of the vehicle drive system which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The block diagram which shows the structure of the vehicle drive system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. The block diagram which shows the structure of the vehicle drive system which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. The block diagram which shows the detailed structure in the system of 3rd Embodiment. The characteristic view explaining operation | movement of a vehicle drive system. The block diagram which shows the structure of the conventional vehicle drive system.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vehicle drive system 2 Train organization 3 Vehicle 4 Electric power generation means 5 Electric power transmission means 6 Electric motor (electric motor)
7 Power Converter 8 Power Generation Centralized Control Unit 11 Fuel Cell 12 Fuel Tank 13 Charge / Discharge Converter 14 Energy Storage Device (EDLC)

Claims (10)

A plurality of power generation means distributed in each of a plurality of vehicles constituting one train organization;
Power transmission means for transmitting power from the plurality of power generation means;
A power conversion device that converts the power transmitted by the power transmission means into drive power of a drive motor for running the train formation;
Mounted on any of the plurality of vehicles to centrally manage the power generation of the plurality of power generation means and centrally control the amount of power transmitted to the power conversion device via the power transmission means Power generation centralized control means,
A vehicle drive system comprising:   The plurality of power generation means includes a fuel cell, and each of the plurality of vehicles is equipped with a fuel tank filled with fuel supplied to each of the fuel cells, and the power generation centralized management control means includes the plurality of power generation centralized control means. 2. The vehicle drive system according to claim 1, wherein at least one control command for starting the power generation means and the amount of generated power is output.   The power generation centralized management control means controls at least one of activation of each power generation means and power generation amount based on the remaining fuel amount information of each fuel tank supplied to each of the plurality of power generation means. The vehicle drive system according to claim 2.   The power generation centralized management control means controls at least one of the number of activated power generation means installed in each vehicle and the amount of generated power based on the amount of power required for one train formation as a whole. The vehicle drive system according to 1.   2. The vehicle drive system according to claim 1, wherein the power generation centralized management control unit controls at least one of activation of each power generation unit and power generation amount based on information in a route information database.   The power transmission means is connected to a plurality of energy storage devices provided in each vehicle via a charge / discharge conversion device provided in each vehicle, and the power generation centralized management control means includes the plurality of energy storage devices. 2. The vehicle drive system according to claim 1, wherein at least one of activation of each power generation unit and power generation amount is controlled based on a total energy amount of an energy remaining amount of the storage device.   The charge / discharge converter connected to the plurality of energy storage devices controls charge / discharge power so that a voltage of each vehicle portion of the power transmission means is constant. Vehicle drive system.   The charge / discharge converter connected to the plurality of energy storage devices controls charge / discharge power so that the voltage of the power transmission means follows a voltage command value that is a function of its charge / discharge power. The vehicle drive system according to claim 6.   The plurality of energy storage devices are electric double layer capacitors mounted on each of the plurality of vehicles, and the energy storage device is replenished with energy using a charging action and a discharging action of the electric double layer capacitors. The vehicle drive system according to claim 6.   The vehicle drive system according to claim 6, further comprising an auxiliary power supply for the vehicle that accumulates the electric power transmitted by the electric power transmission means and supplements the insufficient electric power when the electric power is insufficient.

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