JP2007037226A - Power supply system and its control method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power supply system that can stably and effectively utilize power generated by a power supply that uses natural energy, and can smooth an output. <P>SOLUTION: This power supply system comprises a natural energy utilizing power source (for example, a wind generator system 20) which generates electricity using natural energy, and also estimates the fluctuation of the quantity of generated power by an output estimating function, and an output adjusting facility (variable-speed hydroelectric system 10) which can adjust an output by excitation system control and governor control (or rotational energy control). The system decomposes the frequency of the estimated output of the wind generator system 20 into spike-form ripple output components and middle and long cycle ripple output components, and adjusts an output by the control of the excitation system of the variable-speed hydroelectric system 10 with respect to the spike-form ripple output components and by the governor control of the variable-speed hydroelectric system 10 with respect to the middle and long cycle ripple output components, thus smoothing the output of the entire power system. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention is an output smoothing that combines a power source that uses natural energy or the like whose power generation output fluctuates (a power source that uses natural energy) and a power source that easily adjusts the output of a variable speed hydroelectric power generation system or the like (output adjustment equipment). The present invention relates to a power supply system and a control method thereof.

Conventionally, when a wind power generation system, which is one of the natural energy utilization power supplies, is directly connected to a power system (or simply a system), operation is performed as follows.
The wind power generation system is operated within an allowable range such as frequency fluctuation and voltage fluctuation of the system. Alternatively, a storage battery having a capacity comparable to that of wind power generation is provided for smoothing the fluctuating power so as to cope with output fluctuation. Regarding the combined use of the above storage batteries, the effects of large-scale wind farms and the like have been verified by demonstration.
In addition, there is a preceding example in which a variable speed generator with a flywheel that can be repeatedly charged and discharged is installed to smooth the power sent to the system or load. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP 2001-258294 A

Since the power supply system that uses natural energy or the like inputs wind or sunlight, the generated power is inevitably influenced by natural conditions and weather conditions. For the grid connection, the generated power fluctuation was controlled by using a diesel power generation system, a secondary battery, or the like so as to reduce the amount of change.
However, the power smoothing operation of the diesel power generation system was a follow-up operation after catching the output fluctuation of the natural energy utilization power source. For this reason, there has been a problem that the scale of the power source using natural energy cannot be increased in order not to affect the system as an output fluctuation. For example, in solar power generation, it has been observed that the rating changes by 10% per second. On the other hand, the gas engine, which is one of the output adjustment facilities, outputs 5% of the rating per second. It was only capable of responding to changes and could not follow output fluctuations, making it difficult to maintain stable power supply.

In addition, when combining a wind power generation system or a solar power generation system with a secondary battery, a secondary battery having a relatively large capacity is required so that the entire fluctuation of the generated power fluctuation power source can be compensated.
Furthermore, in a renewable energy power supply system connected to a weak system, it is necessary to suppress the change in the amount of transmitted power within the change range allowed by the system, and for the amount of generated power exceeding the allowable amount, It was necessary to suppress the amount of change in the power sent to the system by some means such as suppression or heat consumption due to resistance.
As a result, the amount of transmitted power itself is reduced, and the power generated by the power supply system using natural energy or the like cannot always be effectively used.

Further, Patent Document 1 has an example of an alternating current excitation flywheel generator. This example is intended to suppress fluctuations in a power consumption pattern of a load that has been known in advance.
The idea of the present application (to be described later) that predicts the output fluctuation of the natural energy power supply itself, analyzes the predicted fluctuation, and smoothes the output is not found in the conventional technology.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can effectively operate power generated by a natural energy-utilizing power source, and can stably maintain (output smoothing) the power supply as a whole power system. An object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive power supply system and a control method thereof.

  The power supply system according to the present invention generates power using natural energy and predicts fluctuations in the amount of generated power by an output prediction function, output adjustment by excitation system control, and governor system control or A power supply system including an output adjustment facility capable of adjusting output by rotational energy control, wherein the predicted output of the natural energy-use power supply is frequency-decomposed into a spike-like fluctuation output component and a medium-long cycle fluctuation output component, and the spike-like The fluctuation output component is adjusted by excitation system control of the output adjustment equipment, and the medium-long cycle fluctuation output component is adjusted by governor control or rotational energy control of the output adjustment equipment to smooth the output of the entire power supply system. To do.

  In addition, the power system control method according to the present invention includes a natural energy power source that generates power using natural energy and predicts fluctuations in the amount of generated power by an output prediction function, output adjustment by excitation system control, and A power supply system including an output adjustment facility capable of adjusting output by governor system control or rotational energy control, wherein a predicted output of the natural energy-use power supply is obtained by an output prediction function, and the predicted output is output as spike fluctuation Frequency decomposition into a component and a medium-to-long cycle fluctuation output component, the spike-like fluctuation output component is controlled by the excitation system control of the output adjustment equipment, and the medium-long cycle fluctuation output component is governor controlled or rotated by the output adjustment equipment Adjusting the output by energy control, the output of the entire power system The is intended to include the step of smoothing.

  According to the power supply system and the control method thereof of the present invention, the output fluctuation of the natural energy utilization power supply is predicted, and the predicted output is frequency-decomposed into a spike-like fluctuation output component and a medium-long cycle fluctuation output component, and the spike-like fluctuation output component The output adjustment of the output adjustment equipment that is easily connected to the output adjustment equipment, and the output adjustment of the medium- and long-period fluctuation output component is performed by the governor system control or the rotation energy control of the output adjustment equipment. It is possible to smooth the output of the entire power supply system including the output adjustment equipment.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
First, an outline of the present invention will be described, and then a detailed embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In a wind power generation system that is one of power sources that use natural energy (corresponding to a natural energy-using power source), for example, a laser-type wind direction and wind speed measuring device (having an output prediction function), which is a previously invented technique. Predictive control means by means of the Doppler effect of the laser beam that is emitted from the laser beam that is reflected to the wind that is moving in synchronization with the wind and reflected by the aerosol, and the velocity and direction of the aerosol, that is, the wind itself If Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-762950 is used, the generated power of the wind power generation system can be predicted in advance as an output corresponding to the predicted wind condition. In addition, although the laser type wind direction and wind speed measuring device described above is shown as a device having an output prediction function, a method of predicting the wind state by other prediction means other than the laser type and predicting the generated power of the wind power generation system. It goes without saying that it may be adopted.

  Moreover, the photovoltaic power generation system which is another natural energy utilization power supply can predict the fluctuation | variation of the generated electric energy with an output prediction function. The solar power generation system calculates the solar altitude for an arbitrary time of the year using the output prediction function, and based on the solar altitude, captures the movement of the clouds with a surveillance camera pointing upwards. By analyzing the movement of the image, it is possible to determine when the sunlight hitting the photovoltaic power generation panel is blocked by the clouds, or when the solar illuminance increases, and as a result, the change in the amount of sunlight It is possible to calculate the amount of fluctuation in the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation system from the rate of change in the amount of sunlight.

  On the other hand, there is a variable-speed hydroelectric power generation system as a power source (corresponding to output adjustment equipment) that can easily adjust the output and can obtain a stable power generation output even during single operation. In this variable speed hydroelectric power generation system, the generated power (or pump input in the case of pumping operation) can be increased / decreased by increasing / decreasing the amount of excitation, and the rotational energy held by itself can be used to increase or decrease the rotational speed. Thus, the energy corresponding to the difference in rotational speed can be used in the form of increasing or decreasing the generated power (or pump input).

  That is, the generated power (or pump input) of the variable speed hydroelectric power generation system is synchronized with the increased or decreased amount of fluctuation of the generated power fluctuation power source in accordance with the amount of increase or decrease of the generated power predicted in the wind power generation or solar power generation described above. In addition, by performing the output control (or pump input control) in the direction to cancel, the generated power of the entire power supply system can be smoothed. Based on such an idea, the following power supply system and control method thereof are provided.

FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a power supply system according to the first embodiment. In the first embodiment, a case will be described in which a variable speed hydroelectric power generation system 10 is selected as an example of output adjustment equipment, and a wind power generation system 20 is selected as an example of a natural energy utilization power source.
As shown in FIG. 1, a variable speed hydraulic power generation system 10 and a wind power generation system 20 are connected to a power receiving end bus of an electric power system 19. Here, the configuration including the load 30 is referred to as a power system (or simply system) 19.

  The variable speed hydraulic power generation system 10 includes a generator motor (hereinafter simply referred to as a generator; an AC magnetic synchronous machine) 11, a turbine (or pump turbine) 12 connected thereto, and a rotor 11 a side of the generator 11. The secondary excitation device 13, the secondary excitation transformer 14 connected to the secondary excitation device 13, the output from the stator 11 b side of the generator 11, and the output from the rotor 11 a side are transmitted, and the transformer connected to the system side And a governor (regulator) 16 for adjusting the amount of water sent to the water turbine 12 for controlling the operation of the generator 11, and adjusting the flow rate of water based on the control amount of the governor 16. Guide vanes 17 are provided. Further, a variable speed machine fluctuation output suppression control device (hereinafter simply referred to as an output control device) 18 for sending control signals to the secondary excitation device 13 and the governor 16 is provided.

  In the variable speed hydroelectric power generation system, in the case of a simple system dedicated to power generation that does not have a pumping function, simply 11 is a generator and 12 is a water wheel.

The variable speed hydropower generation system has the following two control functions for power generation operation and pumping operation as means for controlling the electric power generated or consumed.
(1) Control by excitation system: This is a control used to obtain a power change by electrical control, and is used when an instantaneous power change is desired. There are the following two methods.
Excitation system P control (output adjustment): Operation that causes an increase or decrease in generated power instantly by increasing or decreasing the secondary excitation amount. According to this control, a required output pattern can be obtained with an electrical response.
Excitation system N control (speed adjustment): By shifting the axis of the magnetic flux of secondary excitation, the rotational energy is taken in and out through the secondary side (rotor side) and adjusted to a speed at which high-efficiency operation is achieved.
(2) Control with governor guide vanes: Operation that causes increase or decrease in generated power by governor control of the turbine. Since it is mechanical control, the response is slow compared to an excitation system that is electrical control. There are the following two methods.
Governor system P control (output adjustment): Governor control is performed to achieve a desired output. It is the same as the principle of normal hydropower generation.
Governor system N control (speed adjustment): Control performed so as to obtain an optimum rotational speed with the highest efficiency corresponding to the amount of water passing through the guide vanes.

The control functions of the variable speed hydraulic power generation system 10 are summarized as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, there are two types of combinations of excitation system control and governor system control (guide vane control), which are distinguished as system (1) and system (2).
Method (1): A fast response excitation system that first obtains the desired rotation speed and follows the output (or pump input) by governor guide vane control.
Method (2): A method in which a desired output pattern is first generated in an excitation system with a quick response, and subsequently adjusted to a necessary rotational speed by governor guide vane control.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the power generation control, in the method (1), where the turbine output is supposed to be changed to the generator output, the shaded portion is stored as rotational energy and the rotational speed is increased. In the method (2), the deceleration energy portion is used for the electric output, and after the electric output becomes flat, the acceleration energy is controlled to be stored in the rotational energy.
In the control at the time of pumping, in the method (1), the energy increment that has entered the motor is used to increase the rotational speed, and the pump input is increased for the electric input. In this case, energy is absorbed to increase the rotational speed. In the method (2), the increase in energy that has entered the electric motor is initially used mainly as a pump input, and after the pump input reaches a predetermined magnitude, control is performed to increase the rotational speed.

  In wind power generation systems and solar power generation systems that use natural energy, the change in generated power is abrupt. Therefore, if the method (2) is used as a variable-speed hydroelectric power generation system, a predictable natural energy-using power source is available. By recognizing the change in advance, and using the variable speed hydroelectric power generation system to counter the opposite power change corresponding to the change, the output smoothing of the power supply system can be achieved.

In addition, there are two methods (1) and (2) for pumping operation. As with power generation control, the generated power changes rapidly to smooth the fluctuating power of a natural energy power source. For this, the method (2) is used.
When the variable speed hydroelectric power generation system is used as a pumping operation, the pump input changes in proportion to the cube of the rotational speed, so that large output fluctuations can be suppressed by adjusting the rotational speed.

  Next, the entire configuration of the wind power generation system 20 that is a natural energy utilization power source in FIG. 1 will be described. In wind power generation, a windmill 21 receives wind, and a windmill generator 22 directly connected to the windmill 21 generates power. Power generators 23 a and 23 b are sequentially connected to the generator 22, and a transformer 24 is provided between the power converter 23 b and the system 19. The power converters 23a and 23b are used in a wind power generation system that uses a synchronous machine. In the case of a wind power generation system 20 in which an induction machine is directly connected to the system 19, these may not be necessary. is there.

As shown by the broken line and the arrow in FIG. 1, when the wind condition is predicted by the output prediction function of the wind power generation system 20 and the power generation amount of the wind power generation system 20 is predicted based on this, The data is transmitted to the output control device 18 of the variable speed hydraulic power generation system 10 as a fluctuation output signal (simply referred to as an output signal) 25.
In the output control device 18, the predicted output amount of the wind power generation system 20 is frequency-resolved, and the output of the variable speed hydraulic power generation system 10 is adjusted in a direction to level the predicted change in the power amount. A control signal 26 is sent to the secondary excitation device 13 on the variable speed hydraulic power generation system 10 side and a control signal 27 is sent to the governor 16 so that the output is smoothed as a whole power supply system composed of the hydroelectric power generation system 10.

In the combination of the wind power generation system 20 and the variable speed hydraulic power generation system 10 as described above, a case where the generated power of the wind power generation system 20 is as shown in FIG.
Here, for example, if the wind condition in front of the wind power generation system 20 is observed using the laser-type wind direction wind speed measuring device invented previously, and the generated power of the wind power generation system can be predicted in advance, the generated power 3 (b), the change is short-term spike-like (same as spike-like fluctuation and spike-like fluctuation output component) (s), and exhibits a relatively medium-long period time change. (W), which is relatively the same as a medium-long cycle fluctuation and a medium-long cycle fluctuation output component. As described above, this data processing (frequency decomposition) is performed by the output control device 18, for example. FIG. 3C shows a component (w) from which spike-like fluctuations (s) are removed.

  A method of decomposing the output of the variable power supply into two components (s, w.) Will be described with reference to the control flow diagram of FIG. Based on the waveform of the fluctuation power output prediction data 41, the average value calculation circuit 42 can cope with a medium-long cycle (w) component (same as the medium-long cycle fluctuation output component) 43 with a governor characteristic of about 5 to 10 seconds. And a control signal 27 corresponding to this component is obtained and used for governor system control (guide vane control circuit 44). On the other hand, when the difference between the waveform of the original fluctuation power output prediction data 41 and the medium-long cycle (w) component is obtained, a spike-like (s) component indicated by the hatched portion is obtained as shown in the data indicated by reference numeral 45. It is done. A control signal 26 is obtained corresponding to the spike-like (s) component and sent to the secondary excitation control circuit (in the secondary excitation device 13) 46.

As described above, the control of the power generation operation of the variable speed hydraulic power generation system 10 includes the excitation system control and the governor system control. Among these, the excitation system control is used when the output can be increased or decreased based on the electrical response and the response is required instantaneously. On the other hand, the governor system control is a mechanical response of a change in the rotation speed. This is used to increase or decrease the power in the time range following the control response.
In hydropower generation, since the response of the governor system is generally about 5 to 10 seconds, it may be smoothed with a target of about 5 to 10 seconds as a relatively medium-long cycle component (w), On the other hand, the response speed of the secondary excitation control is much faster than this, and it is possible to cope with fluctuations of 1 second or less (msec order).
This excitation system control absorbs a short-term spike-like change indicated by (s) in FIGS. 3 and 4, and the governor system control is a relatively medium-long cycle fluctuation similarly indicated by (w) in FIGS. Plays the role of smoothing the minutes.

The concept of smoothing the electric power generated by the wind power generation system 20 by this variable speed hydroelectric power generation system 10 is shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the variable speed hydraulic power output 32 is a constant value (composite power generation output) of the variable speed hydraulic power output 32 in contrast to the wind turbine fluctuation power output 31 (corresponding to the w component) predicted by the output prediction function of the wind power generation system 20. The output is adjusted so as to be output 33.).
In this way, by operating the variable speed hydroelectric power generation system 10 in combination with a natural energy power source having a large output fluctuation, it is possible to perform an operation that cancels the fluctuation output that adversely affects the system 19. Therefore, it is possible to provide a power supply system that enables the grid 19 to accept more outputs from the wind power generation system 20.

  Moreover, output fluctuation is large when considering a power generation facility group (or one divided range when the system is divided), which is composed of a plurality of power supply facilities and serves as a control unit for output smoothing. When a natural energy power supply is included as a power supply facility, a stable power supply can be achieved by including the output adjustment facility that compensates for the fluctuating power in the control unit.

The same applies to the case where the variable speed hydroelectric power generation system 10 functions as a pumping operation. In this case, as is well known, a large amount of energy can be stored in the form of potential energy of water. That is, using the surplus power of the wind power generation system, the variable speed hydroelectric power generation system 10 is pumped, the water is pumped to the upper reservoir storage area, and after switching to the power generation operation, the load needs power. It is also possible to drop the pumped water and use it for power generation.
Furthermore, during such a large energy storage or release process, the instantaneous pulsation is smoothed by the excitation system control and governor system control described above, and the generated power to the system 19 is smoothed (leveled). It is also possible to control it.

  In addition, a laser-type wind direction wind speed measuring device (not shown) used for wind condition prediction of the wind power generation system 20 is arranged at the same position as the generator 22 and adapted to the geographical environment, Can be installed at different arbitrary locations (separate from the generator 22), and the obtained data can be transmitted to the output prediction function (control system) side by communication. It can be useful for. Moreover, more accurate prediction data can be obtained by observing the wind conditions at a plurality of locations at the same position as the separately placed generator 22.

Embodiment 2.
Next, FIG. 6 shows a configuration diagram of a power supply system including a photovoltaic power generation system as a natural energy utilization power supply.
In the case of a solar power generation system, the amount of power generation is obtained by capturing the movement of clouds with a surveillance camera and predicting the daily illuminance in advance, and an amount of smoothing power commensurate with canceling the change in the power generation amount. By providing from the hydroelectric power generation system, it is possible to provide a power supply system that allows the system to accept the output of more solar power generation systems.
If the fluctuation of the generated electric power can be predicted, the subsequent operation is the same as that of the variable speed hydraulic power generation system shown in the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 6, the photovoltaic power generation system 100 is configured to include a solar cell 100a and a power conditioner 100b connected thereto. (This power conditioner is an abbreviation for power conditioner. For the purpose of protecting the connection with the grid and the function of converting the direct current electricity generated by the solar cell into the same alternating current as the electricity transmitted from the power company. This is a device to be installed, and it is an important function to extract the power generated by the solar cell with maximum efficiency and to connect safely with the power distribution system.)
Furthermore, as equipment for predicting the amount of power generated by the solar power generation system 100, a weather monitoring camera 200 that monitors the flow of clouds in the sky, an image processing unit 201 that processes a cloud image captured by the camera 200, and image processing Based on the processed image sent from the unit 201, the illuminance is calculated from the cloud movement in real time, and the output information from the generated voltage prediction calculation unit 300 and the generated voltage prediction calculation unit 300 for analyzing and evaluating the generated power amount is obtained. And a photovoltaic power generation prediction control unit 400 that calculates a compensation for output fluctuation based on the solar power output prediction and performs predictive control based on the predicted solar power generation output. Output information from the photovoltaic power generation prediction control unit 400 is transmitted to the variable speed machine fluctuation output suppression control device 18 on the variable speed hydraulic power generation system 10 side, and governor system control and excitation system control are performed, whereby the photovoltaic power generation system is performed. It is possible to compensate the amount of power so as to compensate for the variation in the amount of generated power in 100 and smooth the output of the entire power supply system.

  The weather monitoring camera 200 of the solar power generation system 100 may be installed in a place different from the solar battery 100a to predict the weather and transmit the data to the control system.

Embodiment 3.
In the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above, a combination of a single system of a wind power generation system and a variable speed hydraulic power generation system each capable of predicting output, or a photovoltaic power generation system and variable speed hydraulic power capable of predicting output, respectively. Although the combination of the single systems of the power generation system has been shown, in the third embodiment, the power supply system in the case where a plurality of units using natural energy and the output adjustment equipment are combined into one control unit. explain.

  FIG. 7 shows a power supply system that combines a variable speed hydroelectric power generation system 10 that is an output adjustment facility, a wind power generation system 20 that is a natural energy-use power supply, and a solar power generation system 100. When such a large number of power generation facilities are integrated and controlled, data to be processed increases, and as shown in FIG. 7, the output information of the grid 19, the predicted output information of the photovoltaic power generation system 100, and the power generation Output information, predicted output information of the wind power generation system 20, power generation output information, and the like are transmitted to the supply and demand control device (or the power company central control device) 60, and the variable speed hydroelectric power generation system 10 side from the various information in this supply and demand control device 60 The power control signal is determined, and this data is transmitted to the output control device 18 of the variable speed hydraulic power generation system 10 to adjust the output.

  In the power supply system having the configuration shown in FIG. 7, the capacity of the variable speed hydroelectric power generation system is relatively large compared to the total capacity of the distributed power supply systems such as wind power generation and solar power generation in which the generated power amount can be predicted. If possible, one variable speed hydroelectric power generation system can be applied to a combination of a plurality of distributed power supply systems such as a wind power generation system and a solar power generation system.

  In this case, the natural energy utilization power source and the variable speed hydroelectric power generation system are configured as independent power supplies like a microgrid, and all the fluctuations are absorbed and smoothed by the variable speed hydroelectric power generation system. All of the power generated from the power supply can be efficiently used for the power supply. A microgrid is a small-scale system with a distributed power source and a load. It is connected to an existing power system at one or two points, and multiple power sources and heat sources are managed and operated using IT-related technologies. It is a power generation system. In addition, when the existing power system has an accident, the microgrid can be isolated from the existing power system and independently operated.

Furthermore, when the proportion of power generation using natural energy increases in the power generation facility group that is the control unit for output smoothing, especially long-term and wide-area forecast information such as weather forecasts, etc. In addition, by making predictions on a time scale from long to short, and utilizing the prediction data for output control, it is possible to systematically operate the power supply system.
In addition to predictive control as described above, economic load distribution control (evaluation function values that take into consideration economic efficiency, environmental characteristics, etc. under various constraints on a certain system, for example, electric heat demand in a microgrid, A system that optimally controls the electric heat source and electric heat storage equipment so that a specific effect is maximized, that is, a specific effect is maximized.), AFC (Automatic Frequency Control) (automatic frequency control. By adjusting and controlling so that the rotational speed of the generator is constant, the power system can be operated efficiently.

Embodiment 4.
In the first to third embodiments described above, the variable speed hydroelectric power generation system and the power supply system that combines only the independent power source capable of predicting the output thereof have been shown. In addition to the power source (the power generation facility 40 with output fluctuation), it may be combined with any other conventional power source.
An example of this is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 8, a single machine or a plurality of arbitrary conventional power generation facilities 50 are connected to the power system 19, and this conventional power generation facility 50 is controllable as a power source, and output fluctuation is Does not occur. Further, a fluctuation output prediction amount (when the power generation equipment 40 with output fluctuation is a wind power generation system, a wind turbine fluctuation power supply output) 31 is output from the power generation equipment 40 with output fluctuation connected to the grid 19. Information is sent to the demand / supply control device 60, and similarly output information 51 from the conventional power generation facility 50 is sent to the demand / supply control device 60, and an output command 52 is sent from the demand / supply control device 60 to the control system of the variable speed hydraulic power generation system 10. The information route is configured to be sent.

  That is, in FIG. 8, when the power generation equipment 40 with output fluctuation is introduced into the existing power system 19, by combining the power source that can easily adjust the output of the variable speed hydraulic power generation system 10 and the like, Obtaining the output prediction of the output fluctuation power source shown in the present invention in advance, operating the variable speed hydraulic power generation system 10 in a direction to suppress the fluctuation, and expanding the introduction scale of the output fluctuation power source without changing the power quality from the conventional one. Indicates that this is possible.

Embodiment 5.
In general, when the scale / quantity of the power generation equipment 40 accompanied by output fluctuations increases, the scale of a variable speed hydraulic power generation system or the like does not necessarily match as a power source with which output adjustment is easy. In such a case, a power fluctuation compensation device such as a secondary battery is additionally connected, and a spike-like fluctuation output component (an output component including a load change) or a medium-long cycle fluctuation output component (an output component including a load change) It is desirable to have a role responsible for smoothing. In addition to the secondary battery, for example, a fuel cell, a diesel power generation system, a gas engine system, etc. can be used as the power fluctuation compensation device. It is appropriate to have a smoothing role for the output component.
A configuration diagram of such a power supply system is shown in FIG. For example, a secondary battery 70 is connected to the power supply system of the above-described fourth embodiment as a power fluctuation compensation device, and the control of the secondary battery 70 is performed by the supply and demand control device 60.

  That is, in the example of FIG. 9, the supply and demand control device 60 in the grid system obtains the predicted amount of the output fluctuation of the output fluctuation power source (the power generation facility 40 with output fluctuation), and the smoothing amount of the predicted output fluctuation amount to be smoothed. Is given to the variable speed hydroelectric power generation system 10 and a command is issued to smooth the remaining fluctuations by the secondary battery 70, whereby both the variable speed hydroelectric power generation system 10 and the secondary battery 70 are used. The form which smoothes the output fluctuation of the whole power supply system is shown.

  In this case, the secondary battery 70 can be effectively operated or appropriately arranged by dividing and arranging the secondary battery 70 in an appropriate scale that can be easily linked or not linked to the power system 19. It becomes possible. In addition to connecting a single power fluctuation compensation device to a system, it is also possible to use a plurality of the same type of devices or a plurality of different types of devices connected to the same system.

Embodiment 6 FIG.
FIG. 10 shows a configuration example of a power supply system in which a variable load 39 that can be predicted in advance is added to the configuration of the fifth embodiment (corresponding to FIG. 9) described above.
As shown in FIG. 10, the information route of the variable output prediction value from the predictable variable load 39 to the supply and demand control device 60 is added, and the other configurations and functions are described in the above embodiment. Same as 5. In the supply and demand control device 60, the data of the predicted fluctuation output value transmitted from the predictable variable load 39 and the data of the fluctuation output prediction amount 31 transmitted from the power generation facility 40 accompanying the output fluctuation to the supply and demand control device 60 are combined. Thus, the fluctuation output prediction data 41 (see the description of the first embodiment described above) can be obtained, and (w) and (s) components and the like are required for output fluctuation compensation such as the components based on this data. It operates to determine the data and output the output command 52 to the output adjustment facility (variable speed hydraulic power generation system 10) and the power fluctuation compensator (secondary battery 70). In addition, although data processing such as frequency decomposition for obtaining the (w) and (s) components is exemplified in the output control device 18 in the variable speed hydroelectric power generation system 10 in the above-described first embodiment, When there are a large number of facilities to be interconnected, the supply and demand control device (or electric power company central control device) 60 can be operated to perform integrated data processing and control.

Embodiment 7 FIG.
In the first to sixth embodiments described above, the variable-speed hydroelectric power generation system 10 is shown as a power source whose output can be easily adjusted. In the case of using a flywheel as the output adjustment equipment, the output is adjusted so as to cancel the component (w) by the control of rotational energy, and the output smoothing as the whole power supply system is controlled. Plan It should be noted that the excitation system control that cancels the (s) component by the flywheel is a control by an electrical response similar to that in the case of the variable speed hydraulic power generation system. As described above, a flywheel can be applied in an environment where the variable speed hydroelectric power generation system facility cannot be installed as the output adjustment facility linked to the output fluctuation power source.

It is a block diagram of the power supply system by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the figure which showed the control function of the variable speed hydraulic power generation system as a table | surface. It is the conceptual diagram which showed the frequency decomposition of the prediction output by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a control flowchart (part) of the power supply system by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram of the output smoothing of the power supply system by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram of the power supply system by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a block diagram of the power supply system by Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a block diagram of the power supply system by Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a block diagram of the power supply system by Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is a block diagram of the power supply system by Embodiment 6 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

10 Variable-speed hydroelectric power generation system 11 Generator motor (generator)
11a Rotor (cylindrical) 11b Stator 12 Pump turbine (turbine) 13 Secondary excitation device 14 Secondary excitation transformers 15, 24 Transformer 16 Governor 17 Guide vane (guide vane)
18 Variable speed machine fluctuation output suppression control device (output control device)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 19 Electric power system (system | system | group) 20 Wind power generation system 21 Windmill 22 Generator 23a, 23b Power converter 25 Output signal 26, 27 Control signal 30 Load 31 Windmill fluctuation power supply output (fluctuation output prediction amount) 32 Variable speed hydraulic power output 33 Composite output 39 Predictable variable load 40 Power generation equipment with output fluctuation 41 Fluctuating power output prediction data 42 Average value calculation circuit 43 Medium to long cycle (w) component 44 Guide vane control circuit 45 Spike-shaped (s) component 46 Secondary excitation control circuit DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 50 Conventional power generation equipment 51 Output information 52 Output command 60 Supply-demand control apparatus 70 Secondary battery 100 Solar power generation system 100a Solar battery 100b Power conditioner 200 Weather monitoring camera 201 Image processing part 300 Generated voltage prediction calculation part 400 Solar power generation prediction control part .

Claims (9)

  Able to use natural energy to generate power, and use a natural energy power source that predicts fluctuations in the amount of generated power using the output prediction function, output adjustment by excitation system control, and output adjustment by governor system control or rotational energy control A power supply system including an output adjustment facility, wherein the predicted output of the power source using natural energy is frequency-decomposed into a spike-like fluctuation output component and a medium-long cycle fluctuation output component, and the output adjustment is performed for the spike-like fluctuation output component. A power supply system characterized by smoothing the output of the entire power supply system by adjusting the output of the medium to long cycle fluctuation output component by governor control or rotational energy control of the output adjustment equipment by controlling the excitation system of the equipment .   The natural energy utilization power source is a wind power generation system that predicts the amount of generated electric power using a wind direction and wind speed measuring device, and the output adjustment facility is a variable speed hydroelectric power generation system or a flywheel. The power supply system according to 1.   The power source using natural energy is a solar power generation system that predicts the amount of generated power by observing and analyzing the movement of clouds using a weather monitoring camera, and the output adjustment facility is a variable speed hydroelectric power generation system. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the power supply system is a flywheel.   Either one of a fuel cell, a diesel power generation system, and a gas engine system is connected to the power supply system as a power fluctuation compensation device, and the output adjustment is performed for the medium- and long-period fluctuation output component of the natural energy utilization power supply, or A secondary battery is connected to the power supply system as a power fluctuation compensator, and the output adjustment of the spike-like fluctuation output component or medium-long cycle fluctuation output component of the natural energy power supply is performed, and the output of the whole power supply system is adjusted. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein smoothing is performed.   Fluctuations in the amount of power generated by the natural energy power source are predicted on a time scale ranging from long to short, including long-term wide-area forecast information such as weather forecasts, and linked to the power system and the power system. The power supply system according to claim 1 or 4, wherein economic load distribution control and AFC control of the entire power system including a load and the like are performed together.   When the natural energy utilization power source is included in a power generation facility group that is a control unit for output smoothing and includes a plurality of power source facilities, the output adjustment facility that compensates for the fluctuation power is also included. The power supply system according to claim 1.   When the fluctuation of the load connected to the power supply system is known in advance, the fluctuation output of the load is frequency-decomposed into a spike-like fluctuation output component and a medium-long cycle fluctuation output component, and the spike-like fluctuation output component The output adjustment equipment is controlled by excitation system control, and the medium and long cycle fluctuation output component is adjusted by governor system control or rotational energy control of the output adjustment equipment to smooth the output of the entire power supply system. The power supply system according to claim 1.   The observation means for predicting the output fluctuation of the natural energy use power supply is installed in an arbitrary place different from the natural energy use power supply, and the information obtained by the observation means is transmitted to the output prediction function side by communication. The power supply system according to claim 1.   Able to use natural energy to generate power and to predict fluctuations in the amount of generated power using output prediction function, output adjustment by excitation system control, output adjustment by governor system control or rotational energy control A power supply system including an output adjustment facility, the step of obtaining a predicted output of the power source using natural energy by an output prediction function, and the step of frequency-decomposing the predicted output into a spike-like fluctuation output component and a medium to long cycle fluctuation output component The spike-like fluctuation output component is adjusted by excitation system control of the output adjustment equipment, and the medium-long cycle fluctuation output component is adjusted by governor control or rotational energy control of the output adjustment equipment. Control method of power supply system including step of smoothing output .

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