JP2006209144A - Image display device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image display device which has a compact and low-cost device constitution without using a half mirror, a lens or a concave mirror in an information display spectacles and is capable of uniting a virtual image of an output image and a background transmission image and observing the images while maintaining the function of the spectacle of its own. <P>SOLUTION: A lead wire 25b through which image data is introduced, a drive circuit 42, a laser diode array 43, and a galvanometer 44 are respectively disposed on left and right frames 31 of the spectacles 30. A Lippman-Bragg volume hologram sheet 27 is disposed on the lens 34. When an image signal is input to each of the left and the right, each light source of the laser diode array 43 is turned on or off in accordance with the signal and the galvanometer 44 is driven in synchronization with the signal. As the result, an image scanned on the sheet 27 is projected, the reflection light is made incident on pupils and, thereby, a user can unite and observe the background and the enlarged virtual image of the output image from the image output device. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an image display device such as a head-mounted display or a head-up display, and in particular, by providing a Lippmann Bragg volume hologram sheet in a spectacle lens, an enlarged display image and transmission through the spectacle lens are maintained while maintaining the original function of the spectacles. The present invention relates to display glasses that can be fused with a background image.

  Conventionally, as a portable display device, there are various devices such as a personal portable terminal display (PDA) direct view type small liquid crystal display, a head-up display (HUD), and a head mounted display (HMD) as shown in FIG. Proposed.

  FIG. 25 shows an example of the configuration of optical components when a person wearing spectacles uses a conventional head-mounted display (HMD). In FIG. 25, an image output device 1 converts an electrical or optical image signal into an actual image and outputs the actual image. 2 is a half mirror, 3 is a concave half mirror, 4 is a spectacle lens, and 5 is a user's pupil (eyeball).

  When the reflectance of each of the half mirrors 2 and 3 is 50%, the emitted light from the image output device 1 is reflected by 45 ° at the half mirror 2 and 50% of the light quantity enters the concave half mirror 3. A virtual image enlarged for the user by the reflection of the concave half mirror 3 is formed at an infinite distance or a finite distance. Here, 50% of the amount of light is reflected again, enters the half mirror 2 again, is attenuated to 50%, and then enters the lens 4 of the glasses worn by the user. That is, the outgoing light from the image output device 1 is transmitted or reflected three times through the half mirror, so that 12.5% of the light amount is effectively used. The light from the background is attenuated to 25% by passing through the concave half mirror 3 and the half mirror 2, and enters the pupil 5 after passing through the lens 4 of the glasses worn by the user together with the display virtual image.

  At present, in order to fuse the virtual image of the output image of the image display device and the background transmission image while having a specific optical function (for example, a function as glasses), for example, as shown in FIG. In addition, at least one half mirror and a lens or a concave mirror (virtual image optical system) for providing a virtual image must be added to the optical system that provides this specific optical function.

  In addition, it is possible to combine the virtual image of the output image of the image display device and the background transmission image by using a holographic optical element (HOE) without using a half mirror and a lens or a concave mirror. It does not have a specific optical function.

  For example, a conventional portable display device such as a head-mounted display or a head-up display is a burden on the user in both size and weight, and cannot be used for a long time. In addition, because it is far from the shape and size of glasses that are commonly used in public places, the degree of tolerance for the surrounding users is low, or because the user feels uncomfortable about the surroundings. Sufficient usability is not necessarily realized anytime, anywhere.

  For one thing, people with refractive errors in the eyes (myopia, hyperopia, presbyopia, astigmatism, etc.) must wear these head-mounted displays and head-up displays while wearing glasses. This is because it is difficult to reduce the size by securing the clearance. In addition, it is also affected by securing an exit pupil diameter that is larger than necessary in consideration of variations in individual binocular spacing.

  Then, in general, as the number of pixels of the image output device is increased, the area of the device increases accordingly, and high definition and miniaturization conflict. In addition, the adverse effect of using a half mirror in the optical path is that as the number of images increases, the displayed virtual image and the transmitted background image will become darker, and the incident angle and the emission angle of the light beam are equal, resulting in a double image. For example, the degree of freedom of arrangement of the optical system is reduced.

  In the present invention, when the virtual image of the output image of the image display device and the background transmission image are fused while maintaining a specific optical function, the Lippmann Bragg is not specially used without using a half mirror and a lens or a concave mirror. An object is to realize this function in a compact and inexpensive manner by laying a volume hologram sheet on an optical component such as a lens constituting the original optical system.

(1) In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a receiving unit that receives an image signal transmitted from an image information transmission source and a drive unit that decodes the image signal received by the receiving unit. And a display means for displaying an image decoded by the drive section, and a power supply section for supplying power to the receiving section, the drive section, and the display means, respectively, and the display means is an electrical or optical image. An image output device that converts a signal into an actual image and outputs the image, an optical member, and a virtual image of an output image of the image output device that is provided on the optical member, is displayed at a predetermined distance from the eye, and When the optical member transmits at least part or all of the visible light region, the virtual image is combined with the background image transmitted through the optical member (Lippmann Bragg volume hologram sheet). And a display unit having a, to constitute a composite image with a transparent background image and the virtual image or the virtual image to direct at least a single lens.

With the above configuration, the virtual image of the output image of the image output device and the background transmission image can be fused and viewed without using a half mirror, a lens, a concave mirror, or the like, while having a specific optical function in a compact and inexpensive manner. it can. In addition, usability and portability are improved.
(2) The Lippmann Bragg volume hologram sheet is sandwiched and held in the optical member. Thereby, the weather resistance of the hologram, particularly the moisture resistance, can be improved simultaneously with the thinning.
(3) The Lippmann Bragg volume hologram sheet is detachably attached to the optical member. This increases the degree of freedom of selection according to the intended use of the device.
(4) The light emitted from the image output device is made incident from the side of the optical member coated with the reflection attenuation film.
(5) Further, the image output device is configured to output a pre-distorted image so as to cancel out the aberration of the image reproducing optical system.
(6) The display unit includes a line-of-sight detection sensor that detects a user's line of sight, and is configured to display a virtual image of an output image of the image output device when the user's line of sight is in a specific range. did.

  In addition, the display unit includes a line-of-sight detection sensor and a display position controller that detect a user's line of sight, and is configured to display a virtual image of the output image of the image output device following the line of sight of the user.

With the above configuration, visibility is further improved and usability is improved.
(7) Further, the optical member is constituted by a spectacle lens, the display unit is provided on a spectacles pattern, and the optical axis center distance of the light beam reflected by the Lippmann Bragg volume hologram sheet is varied in the spectacles. A binocular width adjustment mechanism was provided. As a result, the optical axis of the user's eyes and the optical axis of the Lippmann Bragg volume hologram sheet can be matched, and good visual characteristics can be obtained even at high magnification.

(1) According to the present invention, a specific optical system can be provided in a compact and inexpensive manner by attaching a Lippmann Bragg volume hologram sheet to an optical component such as a lens constituting the original optical system without using a half mirror and a lens or a concave mirror. It is possible to realize an image display device that can combine the virtual image of the output image of the image output device and the background transmission image while having a functional function.
(2) Also, the usability is greatly improved by using the visual field sensor.
(3) By sandwiching the Lippmann Bragg volume hologram sheet into a lens or the like, it is possible to improve the weather resistance (particularly moisture resistance) of the hologram while reducing the thickness.
(4) A receiver, drive unit, display unit, and power supply unit are provided on the eyeglass handle, and a Lippmann Bragg volume hologram sheet is provided on the eyeglass lens to constitute a wireless information display eyeglass. Can be improved.
(5) By making full use of the present invention, a display terminal having the function of conventional glasses can be realized with almost the same shape and weight as conventional glasses.
(6) Also, those who had to wear a pair of spectacles and had to look at a liquid crystal display or a head-mounted display had the original spectacle function of correcting refractive errors, so that was no longer necessary and served two roles. Konasu.
(7) By providing the binocular width adjustment mechanism, it is possible to obtain good visual characteristics even at a high magnification, and to reduce the exit pupil of the optical system and increase the degree of design freedom.
(8) Further, as an advanced form of the present invention, for example, a communication tool for a hearing impaired person combined with a real-time speech recognition device (the other party's words are displayed in a space while looking at the face of the other party), an automatic translation device, Combined real-time subtitle creation device (for watching foreign language movies without subtitles, etc.), driving information display device combined with car navigation (display of target objects, etc.), reading device combined with electronic book player (in a crowded train or while lying down) If you have difficulty reading with a book in your hand, etc.)
(9) According to the present invention, the weaknesses of the direct-viewing type small liquid crystal display that is currently generally used as a PDA display device (personal portable terminal display) (reciprocity between miniaturization and visibility, low followability to the user, Low information privacy), and new information terminal displays that have eliminated the problems of HMD (size, weight, shape, background visibility), almost the same shape and weight as conventional glasses, and low cost Can be offered at.
(10) If the information display glasses to which the present invention is applied are worn, the display can be monitored at all times. Further, by arranging a plurality of spectacle frames, it becomes possible to obtain a more personal product according to the personal preference.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 uses a Lippmann Bragg volume hologram sheet (holographic optical element, hereinafter referred to as HOE sheet) 6 instead of the concave half mirror 3 in the optical component configuration of FIG. 25, and is integrated with the lens 4 of the user's glasses. It has become.

  The HOE sheet 6 has so-called reflection wavelength selectivity and image enlargement in which only light having a specific wavelength is reflected (diffracted) while other light is incident at a specific angle depending on the refractive index distribution in the sheet. It has a lens function such as action. In this case, although functionally similar to the concave half mirror 3 of FIG. 25, the following two points are different.

  1. The reflectance (diffraction efficiency) of reflected light (diffracted light) selected by wavelength is such that a spectrum bandwidth is sufficiently small (for example, when a light source such as an LED is used) and a HOE film having a thickness of about 20 μm is used. In the case of 95% or more. When the thickness of the HOE film is about 7 μm, the reflectance (diffraction efficiency) is 80% or more.

  2. The concave half mirror realizes the deflection of the light beam (in this case, virtual image formation) by its shape, while the hologram sheet (HOE sheet) realizes this by the way of refractive index distribution in the sheet. Therefore, the sheet shape can be selected arbitrarily.

  Thus, by using a hologram sheet, Light usage efficiency can be increased. Output image = less than 50%, transmitted light from background = less than 50%. 2. Cost can be reduced compared to using a concave half mirror. 3. There is an advantage that the head mount display (hereinafter referred to as HMD) can be miniaturized by being integrated with the spectacle lens.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram in which the half mirror 2 is removed from the optical component configuration of FIG. 1 and the output image from the image output device 1 is directly incident on the HOE sheet 6. Unlike the half mirror, in the case of reflection by the HOE sheet, the incident angle and the reflection angle do not necessarily have to be equal, and can be realized by being able to freely design to some extent depending on the manner of refractive index distribution in the sheet. As a result, the degree of freedom of the layout of the optical components such as the arrangement of the image output apparatus 1 can be increased, and double images due to reflection on the back surface, which are often problematic when using a half mirror, can be prevented. . Moreover, since the number of parts can be reduced by one, it is very effective in reducing the size and weight and cost.

  In FIG. 3, as an example of another optical apparatus to which the present invention is applied, a single-lens reflex camera or an optical that can see an output image from the image output device 1 fused with a background incident through the objective lens 7. The component configuration is shown. In FIG. 3, the HOE sheet 6 is provided on the eyepiece 14. First, the background light incident on the objective lens 7 is reflected by a flip-up mirror 8 (fixed mirror in the case of binoculars), inverted upside down by a pentaprism 9, and then enters the eyepiece 14, passing through the half mirror 2 and its light quantity. 50% of them go into pupil 5. The display virtual image is synthesized with the background image as described in FIG. 1, and 50% of the amount of light enters the pupil 5.

  With such a configuration, in the case of a camera, shutter speed, aperture, exposure information, etc. can be seen in the viewfinder, and in the case of binoculars, information such as the direction of observation, elevation, etc. is displayed together with the observation object. Can see. Of course, in this case, the half mirror 2 may be omitted as in the example of FIG.

  FIG. 4 shows the overall configuration of information display glasses as another embodiment of the present invention. This system is mainly composed of three main parts. A: a signal / image conversion unit (image output device) that converts an electrical or optical image signal into an actual image; B: an image conduction tube that transmits the image output to the display unit in the form of an image itself; C: a display unit for appropriately processing and displaying an image transmitted from the image conduction tube.

  In this example, the signal / image conversion unit A includes a light source 21 (backlight), a liquid crystal display panel (transmission type color liquid crystal display panel LCD) 22, a diffuser 23, a large and small convex lens, and the like. It is composed of a reduction optical system 24 for fiber coupling.

  In this example, the image conducting tube B uses a plastic fiber (optical fiber) 25 having a rectangular core shape with a cross section of 4: 3. The outer dimensions are Φ3.2 mm, the diameter of each fiber is Φ12 μmm, and the resolution is 60 lp / mm.

  In this example, the display unit C includes a prism lens 26 attached to the hinge 33 side of the handle 31 of the glasses 30 and a HOE sheet 27 provided on the lens 34 in the frame 32 of the glasses. This HOE sheet (holographic combiner: in this example, a photopolymer having a thickness of about 20 μm) 27 is attached along the lens 34 of the spectacles, and a mylar film (polyethylene terephthalate film) is coated thereon. As a result, fixing and moisture resistance are improved. Examples of the material of the HOE sheet 27 include a photopolymer and dichroate gelatin.

  The plastic fiber 25 which is the image conducting tube is provided on the handle 31 from the end portion thereof to the prism lens 26 along the handle 31 of the glasses. Reference numeral 28 denotes an earphone attached to the handle 31 for obtaining audio information in addition to image information, and a conductor (not shown) is used for transmission of the audio signal. Reference numeral 35 denotes a spectacle pad.

  In the apparatus configured as described above, the video signal (image signal) is converted into an image by the liquid crystal display panel 22 and illuminated by the light source 21. The diffuser plate 23 makes it difficult for an observer to recognize the matrix wiring pattern of the liquid crystal display plate 22, whereby a good image free from liquid crystal pattern noise can be observed. The light emitted from the diffusion plate 23 is reduced to the diameter of the plastic fiber 25 of the image conducting tube B by the reduction optical system 24 and coupled to the fiber.

  The image conducted by the plastic fiber 25 is deflected and magnified by the prism lens 26 and then enters the HOE sheet 27. As described above, this HOE sheet has a reflection wavelength selectivity and an image enlargement function (concave lens function). That is, it has a characteristic that only a specific wavelength is reflected in a certain angle direction and other spectrum is transmitted.

  For this reason, the observer can see surrounding visual information at the same time while viewing the image of the liquid crystal display panel (LCD) 22 in a single color (for example, green). (However, green is missing in the spectrum of transmitted light.) Of course, the observer can also see a full-color image by using the R, G, and B colors at the time of hologram production. In this case, the wavelengths of R, G, and B are lost from the transmitted light, but a bright background can be seen with a natural color tone by reducing the respective bandwidths. In addition, reducing the spectral bandwidth is an advantageous condition for obtaining a clear image.

  In addition, the image enlargement function, which is another feature of the HOE sheet 27, enlarges the image having only the core size of the plastic fiber 25 to a sufficient visual field by showing a virtual image to the observer. This is shown in FIG. FIG. 5 shows the image enlargement effect of the HOE sheet. The image (image height 3 mm) is magnified twice (image height 6 mm) on a plastic image fiber by a lens, a mirror, etc., and the angle is 60 ° to the HOE sheet. Enter with. With this HOE sheet, the image is magnified as a virtual image at a lateral magnification of 40 times (image height 240 mm), and the position is separated from the HOE by 1000 mm. Since the focal length is 25 mm, the magnifier magnification is 10 times. The exit pupil (EPD) has a diameter of 8 mm or more and is located 15 to 20 mm apart from the HOE sheet.

  FIG. 6 shows a state where the user actually wears the information display glasses of FIG. 4 as seen from above. 6, the same parts as those in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In FIG. 6, 5 is a user's eyeball, 40 is an iris, and 29 is a polymer synthetic membrane. An image fiber (plastic fiber 25) for transmitting an image passes through the inside of the handle 31 of the glasses, and image enlargement (twice) immediately before entering the HOE sheet 27 and light deflection are performed by a prism mirror with a lens (prism lens 26). ). The output NA (aperture ratio when the refractive index is n, NA = nsin θ) of this image fiber (plastic fiber 25) is 0.5.

  The HOE sheet 27 and the lens are attached by, for example, bonding eyeglass lenses 34a and 34b as shown in FIG. 7, and sandwiching a hologram sheet 27a (thickness of several microns to several tens of microns) between them. A method is conceivable. In this case, the lenses 34a and 34b can be joined by bonding with a UV curing adhesive 41 or the like, or fusion used in a bifocal lens.

  Alternatively, the HOE sheet 27 may be formed along the lens, and the HOE sheet may be sandwiched and held between the lens and another member such as a mylar film (polyethylene terephthalate film).

  FIG. 8 shows an example of display glasses using a laser diode array 43 as an image output device and a galvanometer (galvanometer mirror) 44 as a scanner optical system. In this case, two sets of image output devices, a display unit, and a HOE sheet 27 are provided independently on the left and right, so that binocular vision is possible. Stereoscopic viewing is also possible by displaying different images on the left and right image output devices. It is possible.

  In FIG. 8, the eyeglasses 30 are configured in the same manner as in FIG. 4, and the left and right handles 31, 31 have conductive wires 25b, 25b, drive circuits 42, 42, laser diode arrays (LEDarray) 43, 43, galvanometric scanners. 44, 44 are provided. Further, HOE sheets 27 and 27 are provided on the lenses 34 and 34 for both eyes.

  First, image signals are input to the left and right laser diode arrays 43 and 43 and the drive circuits 42 and 42 of the galvanometers 44 and 44, respectively. On the basis of this signal, the light sources of the laser diode arrays 43 and 43 are turned on and off, and the galvanometers 44 and 44 are driven in synchronization therewith. As a result, the scanned image is projected onto the HOE sheets 27 and 27 provided along the lenses 34 and 34 of the spectacles, and the reflected light is incident on the pupil, so that the user can detect the background and the image output device. The magnified virtual image of the output image can be fused and viewed. The sound signal is directly sent to the earphone 28 and converted into sound. The eyeglass display is provided with a neck chain 45 so that the user can easily remove it.

  FIG. 9 shows an example of display glasses using an acousto-optic effector (AOM) 54 as a scanner optical system instead of the galvanometer 44 of FIG. The overall operation principle is the same as that of the example in which the galvanometer 44 is used as the scanner optical system in FIG. The acousto-optic effect element 54 generates a sparse wave having a refractive index by the photoelastic effect when the ultrasonic wave 55 is poured into the medium, and thus exhibits the same function as the diffraction grating. By changing the frequency of the ultrasonic wave, The pitch of the diffraction grating can be varied. When the pitch of the diffraction grating changes, the deflection angle of the diffracted light 56 also changes, so that the light beam can be scanned. The acoustooptic effect element 54 is characterized in that it has no moving parts compared to a galvanometer or a polygon mirror. FIG. 10 shows an example of information display glasses of the HOE sheet removable type. A clip 60 is attached to the HOE sheet 27, and the clip 60 can be attached to and detached from the lens 34 or the frame 32 of the glasses. In this example, the image display device 61 is directly attached to the eyeglass handle 31 without conducting the image through the plastic fiber 25.

  The HOE sheet may be held as shown in FIG. In FIG. 11, a hologram sheet (HOE sheet) 27a bonded and formed along the cylindrical (cylindrical) polycarbonate substrate 102 is sandwiched and held between the polycarbonate substrate 102 and the mylar film 101 (or another member). ing.

  Next, an example in which the HOE and the image output apparatus are configured to be removable from the spectacle frame is shown in FIG. In FIG. 12, the configuration of the glasses is the same as that in FIGS. Reference numeral 102a denotes a polycarbonate housing to which an HOE and an image output device are attached. One end of the polycarbonate housing is detachably locked to the upper end portion of the spectacle frame 32, and a cylindrical curved surface 102b formed at the other end portion through the bent portion. Is configured to be disposed at a portion facing the frame 32 when mounted on the frame 32. On the surface of the cylindrical curved surface 102 b opposite to the frame 32, HOE 127 is held between the mylar films 101. A liquid crystal display (LCD) 103 that outputs an image to the HOE 127 is provided inside the bent portion of the polycarbonate casing 102a. According to the configuration of FIG. 12, the HOE 127 and the liquid crystal display device 103 are integrally fixed to the polycarbonate casing 102a, so that it is not necessary to position both of them and it is easy to use.

  FIG. 13 shows another example in which the HOE and the image output apparatus are configured to be removable from the spectacle frame. In FIG. 13, the configuration of the glasses is the same as in FIGS. One end of the polycarbonate casing 102a is detachably locked to the upper end of the spectacle frame 32, and the other end through the bent portion is formed in a flat shape and faces the frame 32 when mounted on the frame 32. It is comprised so that it may be arrange | positioned in the site | part which does. An HOE 127 is held between the mylar films 101 on the surface of the other end of the polycarbonate casing 102a opposite to the frame 32. Reference numeral 104 denotes a mirror that reflects emitted light from the liquid crystal display device 103 provided inside the bent portion of the polycarbonate casing 102a and guides it to the HOE 127. As described above, in FIG. 13, the mirror 104 is provided to change the angle of the incident light beam to the HOE 127 and the object side distance, and the light once reflected by the mirror 104 is incident on the HOE 127. According to the configuration shown in FIG. 13, the HOE 127, the liquid crystal display device 103, and the mirror 104 are integrally fixed to the polycarbonate casing 102a, so that they do not need to be positioned and are easy to use.

  FIG. 14 shows a video camera finder using a HOE sheet as an example of another optical apparatus to which the present invention is applied. In FIG. 14, a liquid crystal display device 103, a diopter adjustment lens 106, and a HOE 127 are provided inside a finder housing 105 made of opaque plastic. The light beam emitted from the liquid crystal display device 103 enters the HOE 127 and is emitted as approximately parallel light. The emitted light is incident on the pupil 5 after the divergence angle is controlled by the diopter adjustment lens 106. In the configuration of FIG. 14, the HOE 127 is attached to the finder housing 105 made of an opaque plastic, and a transmission background image cannot be seen.

  As another example to which the present invention is applied, a wristwatch type portable terminal device is shown in FIG. A liquid crystal display device 103 is provided on the display surface of the main body 110, and an HOE 127 is provided on the upper surface of the main body 110 so as to be openable and closable around the hinge 111. Reference numeral 112 denotes an arm band. The liquid crystal display device 103 displays not only time but also various other characters and image information. When the HOE 127 is closed as shown in FIG. 15A, the time displayed on the liquid crystal display device 103 as a transmission background image can be seen. When the HOE 127 is rotated around the hinge 111 and opened as shown in FIG. 15B, an image reflected and magnified by the HOE 127 can be seen. Therefore, even if a fine image is displayed on the liquid crystal display device 103, it can be easily seen.

  FIG. 16 shows a wireless information display glasses provided with an image receiving device as another example. In FIG. 16, the eyeglasses 30 are configured in the same manner as in FIGS. 4, 8, and 10. The handle 31 includes an image signal receiving circuit 71, a display drive circuit 72, a field emission display device 73, a battery 74, and an antenna (not shown). Is provided.

  In the apparatus configured as described above, an image signal transmitted from an image signal transmission source (not shown) is received by an antenna incorporated in the handle 31 and an image signal receiving circuit 71. The received image signal is decoded by the display drive circuit 72 and sent to the field emission display device 73 to display the image. This display image is magnified and reflected by the HOE sheet 27 provided on a part of the lens 34 to provide visual information to the user. The image signal receiving circuit 71, the display drive circuit 72, and the field emission display device 73 are driven by a battery 74 incorporated in the handle 31. By configuring the wireless information display glasses as described above, usability and portability are further improved.

  FIG. 17 shows an example of information display glasses with a binocular width adjustment mechanism. The distance between the optical axis centers of both human eyes varies from person to person, and varies at least about 60 mm to 70 mm. In order to absorb this variation and view a good image, the reflected light from the HOE sheet needs to have an exit pupil diameter of about 15 mm. However, the size of the exit pupil and the image magnification are in a contradictory relationship. When the magnification is high (the HOE object-side distance is short), the exit pupil diameter is usually small. Therefore, in order to obtain good visual characteristics even at a high magnification, it is important to provide a binocular width adjustment mechanism so that the optical axis of each person's eyes and the optical axis of the HOE can be matched. The information display glasses of FIG. 17 are invented for the above purpose.

  In FIG. 17, a screw groove 81 and a rotation prevention hole 82a are provided in the upper part of the frame 32, and a rotation prevention shaft 83a and an adjusting screw 84 having the shape shown in the figure are inserted into this. Apart from this, an anti-rotation hole 82b and an anti-rotation shaft 83b are provided in the upper part of the pad 35. The center distance of the optical axis of the HOE sheet 27 can be varied by turning a rotation adjustment knob 85 provided at the center of the adjustment screw 84.

  The display glasses of the present invention are devised as follows at the image display position. First, FIGS. 18 and 19 show standard human visual field characteristics in the vertical and horizontal directions, respectively. FIG. 18 shows a standard human visual field characteristic, according to which the normal field of view is 10 ° to 15 ° below the horizontal (shown from the normal line of sight when standing). It can be seen that the range to the normal line of sight when sitting. In FIG. 18, A is the focal length of 20 years (minimum), B is the focal length of 40 years (minimum), C is the minimum acceptable reading distance for the display, D is the normal viewing distance (CRT), E Is the desired minimum distance for the display, F is the maximum distance of the display to be placed, G is the focal length of 60 years (minimum), and H is infinity if the display is designed to fit ing.

  FIG. 19 shows a standard human visual field characteristic. According to this figure, it can be seen that the visual field capable of recognizing characters is about 20 ° (illustrated, range of character recognition limit).

  Therefore, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 20, a display image is not displayed within a solid angle of 20 ° with a normal line of sight (10 ° lower than the horizontal direction) as the center. In this way, the background can be seen without being obstructed by the display image in the normal viewing direction as shown in FIG. 21, and when the user wants to see the display image, the viewing line (in this example, as shown in FIG. 22). By moving upward, the display image (reflected light from the HOE sheet 27) and the background can be fused and viewed. FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram when only the background image is viewed through the lens, and FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram when the background image and the display image are viewed.

  Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 23, a line-of-sight detection sensor 91 is provided on a frame or lens 90 of spectacles to which an HOE sheet is attached so that an image is displayed only when the line of sight of the user enters a specific range. By doing so, visibility is further improved and usability is improved. In FIG. 23, a liquid crystal shutter 92 and a brightness sensor (light sensor: photodiode) 93 provided opposite to the lens 90 to which the HOE sheet is attached are used, and the brightness of the background is sensed by the sensor 93 and the liquid crystal. By automatically adjusting the transmittance of the shutter 92, it also has a function of keeping the ratio of the brightness within an appropriate range so that the user can easily see the display image and the background together. The liquid crystal shutter 92 is a detachable light shielding member for at least the visible light wavelength range. When this shutter is used, the amount of light transmitted from the background can be attenuated to 10% or less.

  In FIG. 23, 94 is a liquid crystal shutter driver that adjusts the transmittance of the liquid crystal shutter 92 according to a command from the microcomputer 95, and 96 is a display driver that drives the display 97 according to an input image signal and a command from the microcomputer 95. The display 97 includes the laser diode array 43, the galvanometer 44 shown in FIG. 8, the acoustooptic effect element 54 shown in FIG. 9, the field emission display device 73 shown in FIG.

  FIG. 24 shows a series of operation flowcharts of the apparatus shown in FIG. First, in a state where the image display is OFF and the liquid crystal transmittance is maximum, the microcomputer 95 reads the output of the line-of-sight detection sensor 91. If the detected line of sight is within a specific range, the output of the brightness sensor 93 is read, the transmittance of the liquid crystal shutter 92 is adjusted by the liquid crystal shutter driver 94 according to the brightness, and the image display is turned on. . When the detected line of sight is not within a specific range, the image display is turned off and the transmittance of the liquid crystal shutter 92 is kept at the maximum.

  In this case, the brightness of the display image may be directly changed without changing the brightness of the background, or the transmittance may be changed by providing a liquid crystal shutter in front of the display device. Also, if you want to see only the display image temporarily, you can reduce the light from the background by using a sunglasses-like filter on the spectacle lens section, or each optical axis of two polarizing plates provided on the spectacle lens section. The light from the background may be adjusted by changing the crossing angle of.

  Note that the display glasses mentioned above may be those for which the refractive power (degree) of the spectacle lens is 0 for a normal person, or of which surface treatment such as color coating or UV reflection coating is applied to the lens.

(Example)
The display unit is not limited to a liquid crystal display (LCD) or a field emission display (FED), but an LED display (LEDD), a laser display (LDD), a digital micromirror display (DMD), or an electroluminescence display (ELD). Also good.

  The scanner optical system is not limited to a galvanometer or an acousto-optic effect element, and a polygon mirror or a resonant scanner may be used.

  The optical member is not limited to a lens, and a plate glass, a transparent plastic plate, an opaque plastic plate, a reflection attenuation plate, a prism, a half mirror, or a diffraction grating may be used.

  In addition, the present invention is not limited to spectacles, cameras, and binoculars. The optical member may be a telescope lens, and the display unit may be provided on a telescope housing or lens. The display unit may be provided on a microscope frame or lens. In this case, the same operation and effect as described above can be obtained.

The block diagram which shows one Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows other embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows embodiment which applied this invention to the single-lens reflex camera or binoculars. The block diagram which shows an example of embodiment which applied this invention and was comprised as information display glasses. Explanatory drawing showing the image expansion effect | action of a HOE sheet | seat. Explanatory drawing showing a mode that the place which the user put on the information display spectacles of this invention was seen from upper direction. The principal part sectional drawing which shows an example of the attachment method of the HOE sheet | seat in this invention. The block diagram which shows the other example of embodiment which applied this invention and was comprised as information display glasses. The principal part block diagram which shows other embodiment of the scanner optical system of this invention. The block diagram which shows embodiment which made the HOE sheet | seat removable in the information display spectacles of this invention. The holding example of the HOE sheet | seat in this invention is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing another example of the embodiment in which the HOE sheet is detachable in the information display glasses of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing another example of the embodiment in which the HOE sheet is detachable in the information display glasses of the present invention. The block diagram of embodiment which applied this invention to the video camera finder. An embodiment of a wristwatch type portable terminal device to which the present invention is applied is shown, (a) is a configuration diagram when the HOE is closed, and (b) is a configuration diagram when the HOE is opened. The block diagram which shows embodiment which made the information display spectacles of this invention wireless. The principal part block diagram which shows embodiment of the information display glasses with a binocular width adjustment mechanism of this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the visual field characteristic of a normal human perpendicular direction. Explanatory drawing which shows the visual field characteristic of a standard human horizontal direction. Explanatory drawing which shows the human visual field range which can recognize a display image. Explanatory drawing in the case of showing the relationship between the background and display image in a normal gaze direction, and seeing only a background image through a lens. Explanatory drawing in case the background image and the display image are visible, showing the relationship between the background and the display image when the line of sight is moved upward. The block diagram which shows an example of the apparatus which provided the gaze detection sensor and brightness sensor of this invention. 24 is a flowchart in the case of controlling the image display and the transmittance of the liquid crystal shutter by the apparatus of FIG. The block diagram which shows an example of the conventional image display apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Image output device 4, 34, 34a, 34b ... Lens 5 ... Eyeball (pupil)
6, 27 ... HOE sheet 21 ... Light source 22 ... Liquid crystal display plate 23 ... Diffuser plate 24 ... Reduction optical system 25 ... Plastic fiber 26 ... Prism lens 28 ... Earphone 29 ... Polymer composite film 30 ... Glasses 31 ... Pattern 40 ... Iris 41 ... UV curing adhesive 42 ... Drive circuit 43 ... Laser diode array 44 ... Galvanometer 54 ... Acousto-optic effect element 60 ... Clip 61 ... Display device 71 ... Image signal receiving circuit 72 ... Display drive circuit 73 ... Field emission display device 74 ... Battery DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 81 ... Screw groove 82a, 82b ... Anti-rotation hole 83a, 83b ... Anti-rotation shaft 84 ... Adjustment screw 85 ... Rotation adjustment knob 91 ... Gaze detection sensor 92 ... Liquid crystal shutter 93 ... Brightness sensor 94 ... Liquid crystal shutter driver 95 ... Microcomputer 96 ... dis Ray driver 97 ... Display 101 ... mylar film 102 ... cylindrical polycarbonate substrate 103 ... liquid crystal display device 104 ... mirror 105 ... viewfinder housing 106 ... diopter adjustment lens 127 ... HOE

Claims (8)

A display unit that receives an image signal transmitted from an image information transmission source, a drive unit that decodes the image signal received by the reception unit, and an image that is decoded by the drive unit And a power supply unit for supplying power to each of the receiving unit, the drive unit, and the display unit,
The display means converts an electrical or optical image signal into an actual image and outputs the image, and
An optical member;
When the virtual image of the output image of the image output device provided on the optical member is displayed at a predetermined distance from the eye and the optical member transmits at least part or all of the visible light region, the virtual image is displayed. A display unit having a Lippmann Bragg volume hologram for combining with a background image transmitted through the optical member, and guiding the virtual image or a combined image of the virtual image and the transmitted background image to at least one eye. apparatus. The image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the Lippmann Bragg volume hologram is sandwiched and held in the optical member. The image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the Lippmann Bragg volume hologram is provided detachably with respect to the optical member. The image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein light emitted from the image output apparatus is incident from the optical member side coated with a reflection attenuation film. The image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the image output apparatus outputs an image distorted in advance so as to cancel out aberrations of the image reproducing optical system. The said display part has a gaze detection sensor which detects a user's gaze, and performs a virtual image display of an output picture of the above-mentioned image output device, when a user's gaze is in a specific range. 2. The image display device according to 1. The display unit includes a line-of-sight detection sensor that detects a user's line of sight and a display position controller, and displays a virtual image of an output image of the image output device following the line of sight of the user. 2. The image display device according to 1. The image display apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the eyeglasses are provided with a binocular width adjustment mechanism that varies an optical axis center distance of a light beam reflected by a Lippmann Bragg volume hologram.

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