JP2006026506A - Waste water treatment apparatus, garbage treatment system and oil removal apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste water treatment apparatus in which oil contained in the water to be treated is removed to restrain the clogging of a membrane of a membrane separation type activated sludge unit so that the water to be treated can be treated more efficiently with activated sludge. <P>SOLUTION: The waste water treatment apparatus 1 is provided with: an oil removal unit 20 being a means for separating/removing filthy materials such as oil and solids contained in the water to be treated; and the membrane separation type activated sludge unit 30 which is arranged at the succeeding stage of the oil removal unit 20 and used for treating the water which is to be treated and is discharged from the oil removal unit 20 by a membrane separation type activated sludge method. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment apparatus used for the treatment of wastewater containing contaminants such as oil and solids such as food processing factories and domestic wastewater, a garbage disposal system equipped with the wastewater treatment apparatus, and these wastewater treatment apparatuses. It is related with the oil removal apparatus with which a garbage disposal system etc. are equipped.

  Conventionally, an activated sludge apparatus utilizing the action of microorganisms has been used to treat wastewater from food processing factories with a particularly high BOD. However, the activated sludge apparatus has activated sludge floc floating in the treated water, and it is necessary to install a sedimentation tank for settling and separating activated sludge before discarding the treated water. There was a problem that it took a long time to settle.

As an activated sludge treatment method for solving these problems, a method for taking out only treated water from the treatment tank without waiting for sedimentation of the activated sludge by providing a filtration means in the treatment tank, so-called membrane separation activated sludge treatment There is a method (see Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-164498

  However, in the membrane separation activated sludge treatment as described above, wastewater from food processing factories, etc. that contain a large amount of oil and solids and other pollutants, domestic wastewater, and wastewater from garbage processing machines are treated. In this case, there was a problem that the filter membrane was clogged with oil.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a wastewater treatment apparatus capable of performing a more efficient activated sludge treatment while suppressing clogging of the filtration membrane even when oil is contained in the wastewater, and such a wastewater treatment apparatus as a restaurant. Can reduce the burden on public sewage treatment facilities and the environment by preparing garbage disposal systems that pulverize garbage discharged from collective buildings such as apartment buildings The present invention provides a garbage disposal system that can be used, and an oil removal apparatus that uses an electrochemical technique as an oil removal means that is suitably used in the wastewater treatment apparatus and the garbage disposal system.

  The oil removing apparatus of the present invention supplies a treatment tank, at least a pair of electrodes disposed in the treatment tank, a power source for energizing between the pair of electrodes, and water to be treated to the treatment tank. And a supply unit for discharging the water to be treated from the treatment tank, and a partition for dividing the inside of the treatment tank into a plurality of treatment chambers and allowing water to flow between the treatment chambers. An oil removing device that removes oil in the treated water, wherein at least one part of the partition wall is above the liquid level of the treated water stored in the treatment tank. It arrange | positions so that it may become.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the oil removing device according to the first aspect of the invention generates air bubbles in the water to be treated by energizing the pair of electrodes with the power source, and the bubbles cause the oil to flow into the liquid surface. And the discharge of the floating oil from the discharge portion is prevented by the partition wall.

  The oil removing apparatus according to claim 3 includes at least a pair of electrodes and a power source for energizing between the pair of electrodes, and treats water to be treated including oil and a surfactant. An oil removing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein air is generated between the pair of electrodes by the power source to generate bubbles in the water to be treated, and the oil is removed by the bubbles.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the oil removing apparatus according to the third aspect, wherein the water to be treated further contains a halogen ion, generates hypohalous acid from one of the pair of electrodes, and the oil is The oil is refined with hypohalous acid, the refined oil is emulsified with the surfactant, and the emulsified oil is removed with the bubbles.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the first to fourth aspects, the oil attached to the electrode is separated from the electrode surface by switching the polarity of the pair of electrodes. Features.

  The oil removal device according to claim 6 is the invention according to claims 1 to 5, wherein the treated water further contains bacteria, and hypohalous acid is generated from one of the pair of electrodes, It is characterized in that the bacteria in the water to be treated are sterilized with the hypohalous acid.

  The wastewater treatment apparatus of the present invention includes organic matter reducing means for reducing organic matter in the treated water, and separation treatment means for separating sludge from the treated water that has been treated by the organic matter reducing means, An oil removing means for removing oil in the treated water is provided in the preceding stage of the organic matter reducing means.

  The garbage processing system of the present invention includes a pulverizing means for pulverizing the garbage, a conveying means for conveying the crushed garbage, a solid-liquid separation means for separating water from the garbage conveyed by the conveying means, In order to remove the oil in the water to be treated, the garbage processing means for treating the solid content separated by the solid-liquid separation means, and the water separated from the garbage by the solid-liquid separation means as treated water Oil removing means, organic matter reducing means for reducing organic matter in the treated water after being treated by the oil removing means, and separation for separating sludge from the treated water after being treated by the organic matter reducing means And a processing means.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the waste water treatment apparatus and the garbage disposal system according to the seventh and eighth aspects of the invention, wherein the oil removing means is energized between at least a pair of electrodes and the pair of electrodes. An oil removing means for generating air bubbles in the water to be treated by energizing the power source between the pair of electrodes and removing oil in the water to be treated by the bubbles. And

  The waste water treatment apparatus and the garbage disposal system according to claim 10 are the invention according to claim 9, wherein the oil removal means generates hypohalous acid from one of the pair of electrodes, and the hypohalous acid. It is a sterilizing means for sterilizing the water to be treated with an acid.

  The waste water treatment apparatus and the garbage disposal system according to claim 11 are the inventions according to claim 7 to claim 10, wherein the separation processing means is constituted by a microporous thin film, and the microporous thin film is packed. It is a filtration processing means that sucks the water to be treated and allows the microporous thin film to pass through while cleaning with air.

  The waste water treatment apparatus and the garbage disposal system according to claim 12 are the inventions according to claim 7 to claim 11, wherein sludge is separated by the separation processing means at a subsequent stage of the separation processing means. An electrochemical treatment means for treating water by an electrochemical method is provided.

  According to the present invention, oil in drainage can be efficiently removed. In addition, according to the present invention, there is provided a wastewater treatment apparatus that can remove oil and treat organic matter in wastewater, and a garbage disposal system that can remove and treat organic matter and oil contained in garbage. Is done.

  Next, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a wastewater treatment apparatus provided with an oil removing apparatus 20 in the previous stage of a membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30 in this embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a three-side view of the oil removing apparatus 20 in the present embodiment. 2 (a) is a top view of the oil removing device 20, FIG. 2 (b) is a BB cross-sectional view of the oil removing device 20, FIG. 2 (c) is an AA cross-sectional view of the oil removing device 20, FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30 in the present embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the microporous thin film 60 disposed in the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30.

  The wastewater treatment apparatus 1 of this embodiment is for treating wastewater (hereinafter, treated water) containing a large amount of organic matter and oil discharged from, for example, a food processing factory or a restaurant kitchen. Such treated water usually contains tap water, and the tap water contains chloride ions for sterilization.

  The wastewater treatment apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment is disposed in the subsequent stage of the oil removal apparatus 20 as a means for separating and removing contaminants such as oil and solids in the water to be treated, and the oil removal apparatus 20. And a membrane separation activated sludge apparatus (organic matter reduction means and separation treatment means) 30 for treating the discharged water to be treated by the membrane separation activated sludge method.

  The oil removing apparatus 20 according to the present embodiment separates and removes pollutants such as oil and solids in water to be treated by an electrochemical method. The oil removing device 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 (a), (b), and (c). The oil removing apparatus 20 includes a treatment tank 21 for treating the water to be treated, and the treatment tank 21 in a plurality of treatment chambers, in this embodiment, four chambers, that is, a first treatment chamber 21a and a second treatment chamber 21b. The partition walls 28a, 28b, 28c partitioned into the third processing chamber 21c and the fourth processing chamber 21d, and the water to be treated in the fourth processing chamber 21d are sucked up or selectively allowed to flow naturally. The transfer pipe 29 and the one or a plurality of processing chambers, in this embodiment, in the first processing chamber 21a and the second processing chamber 21b so as to face each other so as to be at least partially immersed. Two sets of electrode pairs 22, 23, and 24, 25 respectively provided; power sources 26 and 27 for energizing each electrode pair; and a control device (not shown) for controlling the power sources 26 and 27, A supply (not shown) for supplying the water to be treated to the treatment tank 21. Comprising a part, and a discharge portion (not shown) for discharging from the treatment tank 21 to the water to be treated.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the electrode pairs 22, 23 and 24, 25 are arranged so that the electrode surfaces face each other in the horizontal direction.

  Here, the electrodes 22, 23, 24 and 24 are, for example, noble metal electrodes such as platinum (Pt) or a mixture of platinum and iridium (Ir), or a conductor obtained by coating these on a conductive metal substrate such as titanium, It is comprised from what is called an insoluble electrode.

  The treated water supplied to the oil removing device 20 passes from the first processing chamber 21a through the lower part of the partition wall 28a, then reaches the second processing chamber 21b, and passes through the upper part of the partition wall 28b. After reaching the third processing chamber 21c and passing through the lower part of the partition wall 28c, it reaches the fourth processing chamber 21d and is then transported to the outside by the transport pipe 29.

  The membrane separation activated sludge device 30 reduces the organic matter of the water to be treated discharged from the oil removing device 20 by a membrane separation activated sludge method, and further performs a filtration treatment.

  Here, the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30 will be described with reference to FIG. This membrane separation activated sludge apparatus includes a moisture treatment tank 31 containing aerobic microorganisms as organic matter reduction treatment means (not shown), a plurality of microporous thin films 60 disposed in the moisture treatment tank 31, and A suction pump 35 for pumping up the water to be treated treated by the microporous thin film 60 and a lower part of the water treatment tank, which gives a swirling flow to the microporous thin film 60 and is aerobic in the water treatment tank 31. And a blower 34 for supplying air to the microorganisms.

  The microporous thin film 60 is a submerged flat film, and is composed of film bodies 61 and 61 forming front and rear surfaces as shown in FIG. 4 and a frame body 63 surrounding the film bodies 61 and 61. ing. Further, inside the film bodies 61, 61 are formed reinforcing members 62, 62 made of unemployed cloth for protecting the film body 61 and a support body 64 in which a liquid flow path is formed. Yes. Further, at the upper part of the frame body 63, a water collection outlet 65 for communicating with the membrane bodies 61, 61 and for connecting to the suction pump 35 is formed.

  Here, the membrane bodies 61 and 61 are membrane members in which micropores having a predetermined diameter or less are formed, and allow only moisture to pass through without passing through oils, fine particles, bacteria, and the like contained in the water to be treated. As a result, fine particles and bacteria in the water to be treated and sludge generated in the water to be treated are separated by the film body 61, and only the water sucked into the film body 61 is formed on the microporous thin film 60. Reach the water collection outlet 65.

  The blower 34 provided at the lower portion of the moisture treatment tank 31 supplies air bubbles into the moisture treatment tank 31. The bubbles are supplied to aerobic microorganisms stored in the water treatment tank 31, and the organic matter in the water to be treated in the water treatment tank 31 is activated by the activated aerobic microorganisms in the form of nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, and ammonia. Decomposed into nitrogen. At this time, sludge is generated by the decomposition of organic matter by aerobic microorganisms.

  Further, the bubbles supplied into the water to be treated by the blower 34 become a swirling flow, and the fine particles adhering to the surface of the microporous thin film 60 are aerated and washed. As a result, only the water in the water to be treated is sucked and passed through the membrane body 61 while the microporous thin film 60 is aerated, so that stable filtration treatment is performed while suppressing the blocking of the micropores in the membrane body 61. In addition, it is possible to operate for a long time in high-concentration wastewater and to improve the filtration efficiency.

  A discharge port 32 for discharging the sludge generated as described above is formed at the bottom of the water treatment tank 31.

  On the other hand, the suction pump 35 is connected to a drain pipe 36 that discharges the water to be treated which is sucked into the membrane body 61 and collected at a water collection outlet 65 formed on the top of the microporous thin film 60. Yes.

  Next, operation | movement of the waste water treatment equipment 1 of a present Example is demonstrated with reference to FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. The treated water discharged from a food processing factory or a restaurant kitchen is first transported to the oil removing device 20.

  When the water to be treated is transported to the treatment tank 21 of the oil removing device 20, the power supplies 26 and 27 are energized by a control device (not shown), and the electrodes 22 in the first treatment chamber 21a and the second treatment chamber 21b are energized. A positive potential is applied to the electrode 24, and a negative potential is applied to the electrode 23 in the first processing chamber 21a and the electrode 25 in the second processing chamber 21b. Thereby, the electrodes 22 and 24 become anodes, and the electrodes 23 and 25 become cathodes.

  By applying such a potential, chloride ions contained in the water to be treated on the side of the electrodes 22 and 24 constituting the anode, or added in the form of sodium chloride or the like in the water to be treated by the chloride ion adding means (not shown) are electrons. To generate chlorine (reaction A). And this chlorine melt | dissolves in water and produces | generates hypochlorous acid as hypohalogenous acid (reaction B). At the same time, electrolysis of water occurs to generate oxygen (reaction C). Furthermore, ozone or active oxygen is also generated at this time. Further, hydrogen is generated on the side of the electrodes 23 and 25 constituting the cathode (reaction D). Reactions A to D are shown below.

Reaction A NaCl → Na ⁺ + Cl ⁻
2Cl ⁻ → Cl ² + 2e ⁻
Reaction B Cl ² + H ₂ O → HClO + HCl
Reaction C 2 H ₂ O → O ₂ + 4H ⁺ + 4e ⁻
Reaction D 2H ₂ O + 2e ⁻ → H ₂ + 2OH ⁻
Then, due to oxygen bubbles and chlorine bubbles generated from the anode side, and hydrogen bubbles generated from the cathode side, pollutants such as oil and solids contained in the water to be treated are removed from the first treatment chamber 21a, the first It floats on the liquid level of the second processing chamber 21b and the third processing chamber 21c and is captured stepwise by the partition wall 28a and the partition wall 28c. At this time, when the polarity of each electrode is changed by the control device, that is, when a negative potential is applied to the electrodes 22 and 24 and a positive potential is applied to the electrodes 23 and 25, the contaminants attached to the surface of each electrode are peeled off and floated. The electrode surface is refreshed, and the removal efficiency of contaminants such as oil can be further improved.

  In addition, when the water to be treated contains a surfactant (detergent, etc.) at the same time as the oil, such as kitchen wastewater and household wastewater, part of the oil in the water to be treated becomes an emulsion. There may be.

  When the water to be treated containing the oil thus formed is introduced into the oil removing apparatus 20 of this embodiment, the oil in the water to be treated is converted into oil droplets by the hypochlorous acid generated at the anode. As the oil droplets become finer, the emulsification of the oil in the water to be treated further progresses, and the emulsion particles become coarser. By the coarsening of the emulsion, fine solids other than the oil are adsorbed. In order to further coarsen, such an emulsion can be efficiently captured on each electrode surface, particularly on the anode surface. The emulsion thus captured on the anode is peeled off as a coarse lump from the electrode surface by changing the polarity of the electrode, and the liquid level in the first to third processing chambers 21a, 21b, 21c. And captured in stages by the partition walls 28a and 28c. In this case, the distance between the electrodes is preferably 5 mm or more, preferably in order to prevent the flow of the water to be treated and the short circuit between the electrodes due to the emulsion adhering to the electrode surface blocking between the electrode pairs. It is desirable to be 10 mm or more.

  Moreover, in the oil removal apparatus 20, in order to ensure the removal time of a pollutant, it is desirable for the residence time of the to-be-processed water in the processing tank 21 to be 20 minutes or more.

  Then, contaminants such as oil and emulsion captured by the partition walls 28a and 28c are removed by discharge due to overflow due to a rise in liquid level and maintenance work. And the to-be-processed water from which contaminants, such as an oil component, were removed is conveyed from the 4th process chamber 21d to the moisture treatment tank 31 of the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30 of the back | latter stage through the conveyance pipe 29. FIG.

  In the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30 in which the water to be treated is transported to the water treatment tank 31, when the blower 34 and the suction pump 35 are operated by a control device (not shown), only the water in the water to be treated is contained in the microporous thin film 60. It is sucked into the film body 61.

  Here, since the aerobic microorganisms are accommodated in the water treatment tank 31, the bubbles are supplied into the water to be treated by the blower 34, so that the activated aerobic microorganisms activate the inside of the water treatment tank 31. The organic matter in the water to be treated is reduced and decomposed into nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and the like. At this time, sludge is generated by the decomposition of organic matter by aerobic microorganisms. When the suction pump 35 is operated, sludge, fine particles, bacteria, or the like contained in the water to be treated adheres to the surface of the microporous thin film 60.

  The water sucked into the film body 61 of the microporous thin film 60 is purified by passing through the film body 61, and then reaches the water collection outlet 65 through the reinforcing material 62 and the support body 64, and is sucked by the suction pump 35. It is discharged to the outside through the drain pipe 36. The sludge generated by the decomposition treatment of the organic matter in the water to be treated by the aerobic microorganisms is recovered by the discharge port 32 provided at the bottom of the water treatment tank 31.

  As described above in detail, according to the wastewater treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the oil removal apparatus 20 as a means for separating and removing contaminants such as oil and solids is provided upstream of the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30. In addition, it is possible to avoid inconvenience that the oil content in the water to be treated closes the microporous thin film 60 and the efficiency of the separation treatment in the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30 is lowered. In addition, since various germs in the water to be treated are sterilized by hypochlorous acid generated by electrolysis in the oil removing device 20, the foaming phenomenon or activated sludge and treated water in the membrane separation activated sludge device 30 at the latter stage are generated. The sludge sedimentation failure that prevents separation, so-called bulking, can be suppressed, and the inside of the water treatment tank 31 of the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30 is sterilized due to the reduction of germs. The problem of increasing too much can be avoided.

  Thereby, even when the wastewater containing the oil discharged | emitted from a food processing factory, a restaurant kitchen, etc. is to-be-processed water, the organic substance in to-be-processed water can be reduced effectively by the aerobic microorganisms with the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30. Furthermore, since solids such as sludge and moisture can be separated without blocking the microporous thin film 60, it is possible to effectively treat organic matter in the water to be treated, thereby reducing the burden on public sewage treatment facilities and the environment. Can be reduced.

  In addition, since the oil removing device 20 can generate hypochlorous acid by electrolysis as described above, when oil and a surfactant are contained in the water to be treated, due to the action of hypochlorous acid, Efficient oil removal is possible because the emulsion formation and coarsening during the treatment are further progressed, and after supplementing on the electrode surface, the emulsion can be floated and separated by changing the polarity of the electrode. Will be able to.

  In this embodiment, the electrode disposed in the oil removing device 20 is a pair of electrodes consisting of two electrodes. However, if necessary, a plurality of similar electrodes may be disposed. It ’s good.

Moreover, when the generation amount of hypochlorous acid produced | generated by electrolysis in the oil removal apparatus 20 increases too much, the problem that the aerobic microorganisms in the back | latter stage membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30 will die may arise. In such a case, the amount of hypochlorous acid generated is controlled, for example, by suppressing the electrolysis time or by setting the current density in electrolysis to about 1 to ^{2 A} / dm ^{2 and} the current efficiency of hypochlorous acid generation to 1% or less. There is a need to.

  Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 5, the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment have the same or similar effects. In this embodiment, the wastewater treatment apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment is provided in a garbage disposal system.

  FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the garbage processing system 2 of the embodiment. The garbage processing system 2 according to this embodiment is for processing garbage, for example, garbage discharged from kitchens of hotels and restaurants, and other organic contaminants. A case will be described in which raw garbage discharged from a lower kitchen corner (not shown) provided in the kitchen of the cafeteria is processed.

  The garbage processing system 2 includes a disposer 50 as a pulverizing means for pulverizing the garbage, a pump (conveying means) 51 for conveying the crushed garbage with conveying water, and moisture from the garbage conveyed by the pump 51. The solid-liquid separator 10 for separating the solids, the garbage processor 12 for processing the solids separated by the solid-liquid separator 10, and the oil removal for treating the water separated by the solid-liquid separator 10 as the water to be treated An apparatus 20, a membrane separation activated sludge drainage device 30, an electrolytic treatment device 40 that denitrifies and disinfects the treated water after being treated by the membrane separation activated sludge device 30, and the electrolytic treatment device 40 And a reclaimed water tank 47 for storing reclaimed water that has been processed in step S1 and can be used as intermediate water.

  The disposer 50 is for crushing the garbage discharged from the lower salmon corner (not shown), and the garbage crushed by the disposer 50 is temporarily stored in the pump tank 52 together with the transport water supplied from city water or the like. Is done. The pump tank 52 is provided with the pump 51, and when a certain amount of garbage and transport water is stored in the pump tank 52, the solid-liquid separation device uses the pump 51 to remove the garbage and transport water. 10 can be conveyed.

  The solid-liquid separation device 10 is a device that separates the transported garbage and transport water into solid content and moisture, and includes a box body 11 opened on the upper surface, and a metal processing tank provided in the box body 11. 14 and the dehydration tank 13. The processing tank 14 has a bottomed cylindrical shape opened on the upper surface, and the upper surface opening is closed by a lid (not shown) pivotally supported on the upper portion of the box 11 so as to be freely opened and closed. The dewatering tank 13 has a bottomed cylindrical shape that is open on the upper surface in the same manner as the processing tank 14, and is rotatably provided with an interval from the inner wall of the processing tank 14. In addition, a plurality of small holes 15 are formed on the side surface of the dehydrating tank 13 for preventing the passage of solid components and allowing only moisture to pass therethrough.

  A driving device 16 is provided below the box 11. A rotation shaft 16A of the drive device 16 passes through the treatment tank 14 and is connected to the center of the bottom of the dehydration tank 13. When the driving device 16 is operated, the dehydration tank 13 rotates, and a part or most of the water contained in the solid content contained in the dehydration tank 13 or the solid content contained in the solid content is centrifugal force. To be separated. Then, the solid content from which water has been separated by centrifugation is conveyed to the garbage processor 12.

  The garbage processor 12 includes a processing tank (not shown) having a stirrer (not shown) inside, and contains aerobic microorganisms that decompose organic substances. Moreover, the garbage processing machine 12 is provided with an aeration apparatus (not shown) that introduces air into the treatment tank. By operating the aeration apparatus, air is introduced into the treatment tank, It is configured to promote the activity of aerobic microorganisms.

  On the other hand, a drain port (not shown) for draining water separated from the solid content is formed at the bottom of the treatment tank 14, and a drain pipe 17 connected to the drain port penetrates the box 11 to remove oil. It is connected to the device 20.

  Further, a return pipe 36 for returning the sludge discharged from the discharge port 32 provided at the bottom of the water treatment tank 31 of the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30 to the garbage processor is connected to the discharge port 32. .

  The electrolytic treatment apparatus 40 is provided in the subsequent stage of the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30 via the drain pipe 36, and a treatment tank 41 having an inlet and an outlet of water to be treated (not shown) is provided inside the electrolytic treatment apparatus 40. And a pair of electrodes 42 and 43 disposed so as to be at least partially immersed in the water to be treated in the treatment tank, a power supply 44 for energizing the electrodes 42 and 43, and a control of the power supply 44 It is comprised from the control apparatus etc. which are not shown in figure for doing.

  The electrodes 42 and 43 are composed of a noble metal electrode such as platinum (Pt) or a mixture of platinum and iridium (Ir), or a conductor in which these are coated on a conductive metal substrate such as titanium, so-called insoluble electrodes. Yes. The processing tank 41 is connected to a pipe 46 provided with a pump 45, and the pipe 46 is connected to the outside or a reclaimed water tank 47 via a valve device (not shown).

  Next, the operation of the garbage processing system 2 according to the embodiment will be described. Garbage discharged from the lower corner of the kitchen (not shown) is conveyed to the disposer 50. The garbage in the disposer 50 is pulverized and then stored in the pump tank 52 together with the conveyance water. The garbage and the transport water stored in a certain amount in the pump tank 52 are sent to the solid-liquid separator 10 by the pump 51 and the transport water.

  In the solid-liquid separation device 10, the dehydration tank 13 rotates when the driving device 16 is driven. By this rotation, water adhering to the solid content of the garbage stored in the dewatering tank 13 or a part of the retained water held by the garbage is separated by centrifugal force to the outer processing tank 14 side via the dewatering tank 13. The Moisture that has moved to the treatment tank 14 is discharged from the drain port (not shown) through the drain pipe 17 to the outside of the box 11.

  On the other hand, the garbage solid dehydrated by the centrifugal force for a predetermined time is then sent to the garbage processor 12. The solid content of the garbage sent to the garbage processor 12 is biodegraded or thermally dried by an aerobic microorganism.

  On the other hand, the water discharged from the solid-liquid separator 10 and the garbage processor 12 is treated as water to be treated by the oil removing device 20 and the membrane separation activated sludge device 30 and then drained to the subsequent electrolytic treatment device 40. 36.

  In the oil removing apparatus 20 of this embodiment, after the pollutant is captured by the partition walls 28a and 28c as in the first embodiment, the pollutant captured by the pump (not shown) is sucked up and returned by a return pipe (not shown). It is assumed that it is returned to the garbage processor 12. Thereby, since the pollutant collected and recovered in the oil removing device 20 is again decomposed by the garbage processing machine 12, the amount of pollutant discharged as industrial waste can be reduced. .

  In the electrolytic treatment apparatus 40 in which the water to be treated is stored in the treatment tank 41, the power supply 44 is turned on by the control device, and a positive potential is applied to the electrode 42 and a negative potential is applied to the electrode 43. Thereby, the electrode 42 becomes an anode and the electrode 43 becomes a cathode.

  By applying such a potential, electrons generated on the electrode 42 side constituting the anode are supplied to the electrode 43 side constituting the cathode, and nitric acid in the water to be treated produced by the decomposition of the organic matter in the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30. Nitrate ions as the nitrogen are reduced to nitrite ions (Reaction E). Further, nitrate nitrogen reduced to nitrite ions is supplied with electrons and reduced to ammonia (ammonium ions) on the electrode 43 side constituting the cathode (reaction F). Reaction E and reaction F are shown below.

Reaction E NO ₃ ⁻ + H ₂ O + 2e ⁻ → NO ₂ ⁻ + 2OH ⁻
Reaction F NO ₂ ⁻ + 5H ₂ O + 6e ⁻ → NH ₃ (aq) + 7OH ⁻
On the other hand, on the electrode 42 side constituting the anode, chloride ions contained in the water to be treated release electrons to generate chlorine (reaction A). And this chlorine melt | dissolves in water and produces | generates hypochlorous acid as hypohalogenous acid (reaction B). And the produced | generated hypochlorous acid reacts with the ammonia (ammonium ion) produced | generated in the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30, and after passing through a some chemical change, it is converted into nitrogen gas (reaction G). Hereinafter, reaction G is shown. At this time, ozone and active oxygen are also generated at the same time.

Reaction G NH ₃ + HClO → NH ₂ Cl + H ₂ O
NH ₂ Cl + HClO → NHCl ₂ + H ₂ O
NH ₂ Cl + NHCl ₂ → N ₂ ↑ + 3HCl
In addition, ammonia (ammonium ions) in the water to be treated reacts with ozone generated on the electrode 42 side constituting the anode or active oxygen as shown in the reaction H, and this is also denitrified into nitrogen gas ( Reaction H).

Reaction H 2 NH ₃ (aq) +3 (O) → N ₂ ↑ + 3H ₂ O
The hypochlorous acid generated at the anode sterilizes germs and the like in the water to be treated, and also decolorizes the water to be treated.

  Thereby, the nitrate nitrogen in the for-treatment water conveyed in the treatment tank 41 is electrochemically reduced to nitrogen gas, and germs and the like in the for-treatment water are driven out as reclaimed water (medium water). It is conveyed to the reclaimed water tank 47 or the outside by the pump 45. The reclaimed water stored in the reclaimed water tank 47 is reused as transport water for transporting raw garbage crushed by the disposer 50. Then, the reused recycled water repeats the same cycle again and is stored in the recycled water tank 47. As a result, the water can be effectively used, and water resources can be saved.

  The sludge, fine particles, bacteria, etc. adhering to the surface of the microporous thin film 60 in the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30 are aerated with bubbles generated from the blower 34, peeled off from the microporous thin film 60, and treated with water. It floats in the tank 31 and deposits in the lower part of the water treatment tank 31. Thereafter, the sludge, fine particles, bacteria, and the like are sent to the garbage processor 12 through the return pipe 36 and processed together with the solid content separated by the solid-liquid separator 10. As a result, the amount of sludge that needs to be treated as industrial waste can be reduced, and the running cost can be reduced.

  In addition, when sludge, fine particles, bacteria, etc. that cannot be removed even by aeration cleaning by the blower 34 adhere to the surface of the microporous thin film 60, the object to be treated after being treated by the electrolytic treatment apparatus 40 is processed. It is assumed that water flows back into the microporous thin film 60. Since the water to be treated after being treated by the electrolytic treatment apparatus 40 contains an oxidizing agent such as hypohalous acid, the surface of the microporous thin film 60 flows by flowing into the microporous thin film 60. Sludge etc. adhering to the surface is peeled off. Thereby, the microporous thin film 60 can be regenerated, and the filtration efficiency by the microporous thin film 60 can be improved. In the present embodiment, as described above, the microporous thin film 60 is constituted by an immersion type flat film, so that it is possible to improve maintenance workability and durability.

  Further, in this embodiment, the water to be treated after being treated in the electrolytic treatment apparatus 40 is sprinkled into the garbage processing machine 12 equipped with aerobic microorganisms by the pump 45 as reclaimed water (medium water). Thereby, the treated water after treatment can be effectively used as water necessary for aerobic microorganisms in the garbage processor 12 without using city water or the like.

  At this time, the total chlorine concentration of the water to be treated treated in the electrolytic treatment apparatus 40, that is, the concentration of bound chlorine such as chloroamine and free chlorine is 1.5 ppm to 100 ppm, for example, 3 ppm to 5 ppm. Thus, water is sprayed from the electrolytic treatment apparatus 40 to the garbage processor 12 as reclaimed water. The adjustment of the total chlorine concentration is performed by detecting the total chlorine concentration of the water to be treated by a total chlorine concentration sensor (not shown) and controlling the current value supplied to the electrodes 42 and 43 in the electrolytic treatment apparatus 40 based on this. And

  Thereby, the aerobic microorganisms of the garbage processing machine 12 are killed by the reclaimed water containing high-concentration total chlorine, and the disadvantage that the processing efficiency is reduced can be avoided.

  As described above in detail, according to the embodiment described above, the water separated from the garbage by the solid-liquid separator 10 is treated water, and the organic matter in the treated water is reduced by aerobic microorganisms in the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30. Furthermore, since the water to be treated treated with the aerobic microorganisms is separated from the solids such as sludge by the microporous thin film 60, it is possible to effectively treat the organic matter in the water separated from the garbage. Will be able to reduce the burden on public sewage treatment facilities.

  This eliminates the need for a large-scale purification facility for precipitating water separated from raw garbage as in the prior art, and allows the system to be downsized.

  In addition, since the oil removal device 20 as a means for separating and removing oil and pollutants is provided in the previous stage of the separation activated sludge device 30, the oil in the water to be treated closes the microporous thin film 60 and the membrane separation activity. The inconvenience that the efficiency of the separation treatment in the sludge apparatus 30 is reduced can be avoided, and the bacteria in the treated water are sterilized by hypochlorous acid generated by electrolysis. The foaming phenomenon and bulking in the sludge device 30 can be suppressed, and the amount of activated sludge in the water treatment tank 31 can be suppressed.

  Thereby, also about the to-be-processed water containing the oil component isolate | separated from the garbage which contains the oil component discharged | emitted from a food processing factory, a restaurant kitchen, etc., it is effective in the to-be-processed water by an aerobic microorganism in the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30. Organic substances can be reduced, and solids such as sludge can be separated from moisture without clogging the microporous thin film 60, so that organic substances in the water to be treated can be treated effectively and the oil content in the waste water is reduced. Therefore, the burden on public sewage treatment facilities and the environment can be further reduced.

  In addition, since the water to be treated from which the sludge is separated by the microporous thin film 60 is treated by an electrochemical method in the electrolytic treatment apparatus 40, the water is treated with an oxidizing agent such as hypohalous acid generated in the water to be treated. Nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in the treated water can be reduced to nitrogen gas, and decolorization, sterilization, and sterilization of the treated water can be performed. As a result, the water to be treated can be discharged to the outside or used as reclaimed water in a more hygienic state.

  In this embodiment, the water to be treated from which the sludge has been separated by the microporous thin film 60 is treated by the electrochemical method by the electrolytic treatment apparatus 40. Electrolyzed water containing an oxidizing agent such as hypohalous acid can be generated by the apparatus and added to the water to be treated separated by the microporous thin film 60 using a pump or the like, and the same effect can be obtained as reclaimed water. it can. Even in such a case, when sludge or the like that cannot be removed by aeration cleaning adheres to the surface of the microporous thin film 60, the electrolyzed water generated by a separate electrolyzed water generator is used as the microporous thin film. 60 may be caused to flow backward to promote the removal of sludge and the like.

  Also in this case, treated water to which electrolyzed water generated by a separate electrolyzed water generator is added is reused as transport water for transporting raw garbage crushed by the disposer 50 as reclaimed water (medium water). Even in this case, the same effect as in the above embodiment can be obtained.

  In this embodiment, the water to be treated after being treated in the electrolytic treatment apparatus 40 or the water to be treated with the addition of electrolytic water generated by a separate electrolytic water generation apparatus was pulverized by the disposer 50 as reclaimed water. Other than this, it is used for transporting raw garbage, but in addition to this, the transport of raw garbage crushed by the disposer 50 using the treated water treated in the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30 as reused water, or the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus. It may be used for back-flow cleaning of 30 microporous thin films 60.

  As another embodiment, the electrolytic treatment apparatus 40 in the second embodiment may be an electrolytic treatment apparatus 70 as shown in FIG. The electrolytic treatment apparatus 70 according to the embodiment has a treatment tank 71 having an inflow and an outflow of water to be treated (not shown), and an inner surface facing each other so that at least a part is immersed in the water to be treated in the treatment tank. A pair of arranged electrodes 72 and 73, a power source 74 for energizing the electrodes 72 and 73, a control device (not shown) for controlling the power source 74, and the like.

  The electrode 72 is composed of a noble metal electrode such as platinum (Pt) or a mixture of platinum and iridium (Ir), or a conductor in which these are coated on a conductive metal substrate such as titanium, a so-called insoluble electrode. The electrode 73 is made of iron (Fe) or a conductor covering these. The processing tank 71 is connected to a pipe 46 provided with a pump 45, and the pipe 46 is connected to an external or reclaimed water tank 47 via a valve device (not shown).

  With this configuration, when water to be treated is transported from the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30 to the treatment tank 71 of the electrolytic treatment apparatus 70, the control device turns on the power supply 74, the electrode 72 has a positive potential, and the electrode 73 has a negative potential. Is applied. Thereby, the electrode 72 becomes an anode and the electrode 73 becomes a cathode (left side in FIG. 6).

  By applying such a potential, as in the second embodiment, on the electrode 73 side constituting the cathode, electrons generated on the electrode 72 side constituting the anode are supplied, and by the decomposition of organic matter in the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30 Nitrate ions as nitrate nitrogen in the generated water to be treated are reduced to nitrite ions (reaction E). Further, nitrate nitrogen reduced to nitrite ions is supplied with electrons and reduced to ammonia (ammonium ions) on the electrode 73 side constituting the cathode (reaction F).

  On the other hand, on the electrode 72 side constituting the anode, chloride ions contained in the for-treatment water release electrons to generate chlorine (reaction A). And this chlorine melt | dissolves in water and produces | generates hypochlorous acid as hypohalogenous acid (reaction B). And the produced | generated hypochlorous acid reacts with the ammonia (ammonium ion) produced | generated in the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus 30, and after passing through a some chemical change, it is converted into nitrogen gas (reaction G). At the same time, ozone or active oxygen is also generated.

  In addition, ammonia (ammonium ions) in the water to be treated reacts with ozone generated on the electrode 72 side constituting the anode or active oxygen as shown in the reaction H, and is denitrified into nitrogen gas also by this. Thereby, the nitrate nitrogen in the to-be-processed water conveyed in the processing tank 71 is electrochemically reduced to nitrogen gas.

  After the treatment of the nitrogen compound in the water to be treated, the control device switches the polarity of the power source 74, that is, applies a positive potential to the electrode 73 and a negative potential to the electrode 72. Thereby, the electrode 73 becomes an anode and the electrode 72 becomes a cathode (right side of FIG. 6).

  As a result, the water to be treated is subjected to electrolytic treatment as an electrochemical technique, and the electrode 73 constituting the anode is made of iron or a material containing iron, so that iron (II) ions are covered. It elutes in treated water and is oxidized to iron (III) ions in treated water.

The produced iron (III) ions are aggregated and precipitated with phosphate ions in the water to be treated by a dephosphorylation reaction as shown in Reaction I to produce iron phosphate that is sparingly soluble in water.

Reaction I Fe ₃ ⁺ + PO ₄ ^3- → FePO4 ↓
Thereby, the phosphate ion as a phosphorus compound contained in to-be-treated water can be subjected to precipitation treatment as iron phosphate.

  And the to-be-processed water denitrified and dephosphorized in the processing tank 71 is conveyed to the reclaimed water tank 47 or the outside by the pump 45 as reclaimed water (medium water).

  Thereby, according to the Example which concerns, in addition to the said Example, since the to-be-processed water from which the sludge was isolate | separated by the microporous thin film 60 can be dephosphorized by the electrolytic treatment apparatus 70, More, The water to be treated can be discharged to the outside in an environmentally favorable state. Therefore, it becomes possible to further reduce the burden on public sewage treatment facilities and the environment when the treated water is discharged to the outside.

  The solid-liquid separator 10 and the garbage processor 12 used in Examples 2 and 3 are not limited thereto, and the form is limited as long as the present invention can be implemented. is not.

It is the schematic which showed the waste water treatment equipment as one Example of this invention. It is a schematic three-view figure of the oil removal apparatus of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus of this invention. It is a partially cutaway perspective view of the microporous thin film provided in the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus of the present invention. It is the schematic of the garbage processing system as another Example of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the electrolytic treatment apparatus of another another Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste water treatment apparatus 2 Garbage disposal system 10 Solid-liquid separator 11 Box 12 Garbage disposal machine 13 Dehydration tank 14 Processing tank 15 Small hole 16 Drive apparatus 16A Rotating shaft 17 Drain pipe 20 Oil removal apparatus 21 Processing tank 21a, 21b, 21c Treatment chamber 22, 23, 24, 25 Electrode 26, 27 Power supply 28a, 28b, 29c Partition wall 29 Transport pipe 30 Membrane separation activated sludge device 31 Moisture treatment tank 32 Discharge port 34 Blower 35 Suction pump 36 Drain pipe 40, 70 Electrolysis Treatment device 41, 71 Treatment tank 42, 43, 72, 73 Electrode 44, 74 Power supply 45 Pump 46 Pipe 47 Reclaimed water tank 50 Disposer 51 Pump 52 Pump tank 60 Microporous thin film 61 Film body 62 Reinforcement material 63 Frame body 64 Support body 65 Water collection outlet

Claims (12)

A treatment tank; at least a pair of electrodes disposed in the treatment tank; a power source for energizing between the pair of electrodes; a supply unit for supplying treated water to the treatment tank; A discharge section for discharging treated water from the treatment tank; and a partition wall arranged to partition the inside of the treatment tank into a plurality of treatment chambers and allow water to flow between the treatment chambers. In an oil removal device that removes oil in the water to be treated,
An oil removing apparatus, wherein a part of at least one of the partition walls is arranged to be above a liquid surface of the water to be treated stored in the treatment tank.   By energizing between the pair of electrodes by the power source, bubbles are generated in the water to be treated, the bubbles are caused to float on the liquid surface by the bubbles, and discharge of the floated oil from the discharge portion is separated from the partition. The oil removing device according to claim 1, wherein the oil removing device is prevented by a wall. Comprising at least a pair of electrodes and a power source for energizing between the pair of electrodes,
An oil removing device for treating water to be treated containing oil and a surfactant,
An oil removing apparatus, wherein energization is performed between the pair of electrodes by the power source to generate bubbles in the water to be treated, and the oil is removed by the bubbles. The treated water further contains halogen ions,
Generating hypohalous acid from one of the pair of electrodes;
The oil removing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the oil is refined by the hypohalous acid, the refined oil is emulsified by the surfactant, and the emulsified oil is removed by the bubbles. .   The oil removing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein oil attached to the electrodes is separated from the electrode surface by switching polarities of the pair of electrodes. The treated water further contains bacteria,
The oil removing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein hypohalous acid is generated from one of the pair of electrodes, and bacteria in the treated water are sterilized by the hypohalous acid. Organic matter reducing means for reducing organic matter in the water to be treated;
Separating treatment means for separating sludge from the treated water after being treated by the organic matter reducing means,
A wastewater treatment apparatus comprising an oil removing means for removing oil in the water to be treated in front of the organic matter reducing means. Crushing means for crushing garbage, conveying means for conveying the crushed garbage,
Solid-liquid separation means for separating moisture from raw garbage conveyed by the conveyance means;
Garbage processing means for processing the solid content separated by the solid-liquid separation means;
Oil removed from the garbage by the solid-liquid separation means is treated water, and oil removing means for removing oil in the treated water;
Organic matter reducing means for reducing organic matter in the treated water after being treated by the oil removing means;
And a separation processing means for separating sludge from the water to be treated after being treated by the organic matter reducing means. The oil removing means includes at least a pair of electrodes, and a power source for energizing between the pair of electrodes,
8. The oil removing means for generating air bubbles in the water to be treated by energizing the power source between the pair of electrodes and removing oil in the water to be treated by the bubbles. The waste water treatment apparatus of Claim 1, and the garbage disposal system of Claim 8. The oil removing means generates hypohalous acid from one of the pair of electrodes,
The waste water treatment apparatus and the garbage disposal system according to claim 9, wherein the wastewater treatment apparatus sterilizes the water to be treated with the hypohalous acid.   The separation processing means is constituted by a microporous thin film, and is a filtration processing means that sucks the water to be treated and passes the microporous thin film while aerated cleaning the microporous thin film. The wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 7 and the garbage disposal system according to claims 8 to 10. The electrochemical treatment means which processes the said to-be-processed water from which sludge was isolate | separated by this separation treatment means by an electrochemical method is provided in the back | latter stage of the said separation treatment means. The waste water treatment apparatus according to claim 8, and the garbage disposal system according to claims 8 to 11.

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