JP2005535394A - 選択的血漿交換方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
1.発明の技術分野
本発明は、医学的技術、特に血液浄化方法に関する。
肝不全、家族性高コレステロール血症および敗血症のような多くの疾患および病的状態においては、危害を生じおよび取り除かれなければならないような循環血中の特定の物質の蓄積が存在する。循環血を、毒性物質について浄化する多くの方法が存在し;血液/血漿吸着療法、カスケード血漿濾過、および全血漿交換療法がある。
本発明は、選択的血漿交換を使う血液浄化療法の方法に関する。特に本発明の選択的血漿交換療法(SEPET)は、ほぼ等量の人体使用に適した代用血漿で、患者血清の特定の血漿画分を取り替えることに関連している。最適には、いずれかの有用な血液浄化システムに含まれる血漿交換療法は、「全て」の血漿成分が患者の血液から取り除かれなければならないというわけでなく;多くの血漿成分は有益である。従って、多くの有益な成分を保持しつつ、内臓、中枢神経系および他の組織にとって有毒であるそれらの成分が血液から除去されることが特に必要である。本発明の血液浄化療法の間、これは、単なる高容量全血漿交換と同等の効率で達成されるが、経費および患者にとっての健康リスクは低い。
選択的血漿交換療法(SEPET)の概念は、肝不全を含むがこれらに限定されるものではないヒト患者における多くの疾患および病的状態において、血液中に蓄積しならびに特異的症状および/または疾患合併症を引き起こす毒性物質は、それらの化学構造および化学式または分子量についてよく特徴付けられているという知識に基づく。例えば、肝不全の結果、ヒト患者の血中に蓄積し、脳、肝臓および他の不可欠な臓器を損傷し得るような公知の毒物は、全てではないにしても多くが、約100kDa未満の物質である。
Claims (17)
- 以下の工程を含む、患者の血液から特定の分子量範囲内の物質を含有する特定の血漿画分を除去する方法:
(a)体外血液循環のための血液灌流手段を患者の血流に取り付ける工程であって、血液灌流手段が選択的濾過手段を含む工程;
(b)患者の血流から血液を取り出し、および体外で選択的濾過手段へと血液を運搬する工程;
(c)選択的濾過手段で血液を濾過する工程であり、選択的濾過手段が、約1〜約24時間の期間、約1〜約20mL/分の第一の率で血液から特定の血漿画分を除去するように適合化されている工程;
(d)特定の血漿画分を差し引いた、濾過された血液を患者へ戻す工程;ならびに
(e)患者に第一の率とほぼ等しい第二の率で代用血漿を同時注入する工程。 - 特定の分子量範囲が、約1Da〜約200kDaである、請求項1記載の方法。
- 特定の分子量範囲が、約1Da〜約150kDaである、請求項2記載の方法。
- 特定の分子量範囲が、約1Da〜約100kDaである、請求項3記載の方法。
- 特定の分子量範囲が、約1Da〜約80kDaである、請求項4記載の方法。
- 特定の分子量範囲が、約1Da〜約60kDaである、請求項5記載の方法。
- 第一の率が、約1〜約10mL/分である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 期間が、約1〜約6時間である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 代用血漿が、
(a)ヒトドナー由来の正常全血漿;
(b)正常全ヒト血漿から調製された血漿製品;
(c)血清画分を模倣している合成製品;および
(d)(a)、(b)、または(c)の組合せ
からなる群より選択される、請求項1記載の方法。 - 患者の血液を体外で循環させるための血液灌流手段であって、さらに以下を含む血液灌流手段を含む、血漿浄化装置:
(i)血液灌流手段を患者の血流に取り付け、および血流から患者の血液の出口を提供するように適合化されている第一のカテーテル手段;
(ii)血液灌流手段を血流に取り付け、および患者の濾過された血液を血流に戻すように適合化されている、第二のカテーテル手段;
(iii)第一のカテーテル手段から流れる患者の血液を運搬するための、第一の管状手段;
(iv)第一の管状手段上の位置に配置されていて、第一の管状手段を通して患者の血液を第一の予め選択された定常流量で推進するための、第一のポンプ;
(v)患者の濾過された血液を第二のカテーテル手段へ運搬するための第二の管状手段;
(vi)患者の血液を濾過するための少なくとも1個の血漿濾過カートリッジであって、ハウジングに封入され、ハウジング内に特定の血漿画分を除去するために関心のある分子量よりも大きい分子量を伴う血液血漿成分のための約0.50〜約1.00の保持係数を有する半透膜によって分離されている内部コンパートメントおよび外部コンパートメントを有し、約1〜約24時間の期間、約1〜約20mL/分の率で濾過するように適合化されており、以下を含む、血漿濾過カートリッジ;
(a)第一の管状手段から流れる血液を受け取りおよび内部コンパートメントに血液を運搬するための、ハウジング内の入口;
(b)内部コンパートメントから第二の管状手段へと濾過された血液を運搬するためのハウジング内の第一の出口;ならびに
(c)外部コンパートメントから血漿濾過液を運搬するための、ハウジング内の第二の出口;
(vii)第三の管状手段;ならびに
(viii)第二の予め選択された定常流量で送り出し、および第三の管状手段に沿った位置に配置されるように適合化されている、半透膜を横断する膜間差圧を調節するための第二のポンプ。 - 第一のカテーテル手段および第二のカテーテル手段が、二重ルーメンカテーテル内で組合せられている、請求項10記載の装置。
- 第三の管状手段によって第二の出口に連結された封入された血漿吸着手段をさらに含み、血漿吸着手段が、第三の管状手段により運搬された血漿濾過液を受け取るよう、血漿濾過液中の毒性物質を吸着するよう、および吸着された血漿濾過液を受け器に放出するように適合化されている、請求項10記載の装置。
- 関心のある分子量が、約200kDa以下である、請求項10記載の装置。
- 関心のある分子量が、約150kDa以下である、請求項13記載の装置。
- 関心のある分子量が、約100kDa以下である、請求項14記載の装置。
- 関心のある分子量が、約80kDa以下である、請求項15記載の装置。
- 関心のある分子量が、約60kDa以下である、請求項16記載の装置。
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- 2003-08-11 JP JP2004528049A patent/JP2005535394A/ja active Pending
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KR20050083627A (ko) | 2005-08-26 |
WO2004014315A3 (en) | 2004-07-29 |
CA2495459C (en) | 2009-10-27 |
CA2495459A1 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
AU2003255276A1 (en) | 2004-02-25 |
CN1674955A (zh) | 2005-09-28 |
EP1545690A2 (en) | 2005-06-29 |
BRPI0313399A2 (pt) | 2016-11-08 |
EP1545690A4 (en) | 2006-04-12 |
WO2004014315A2 (en) | 2004-02-19 |
US20060129082A1 (en) | 2006-06-15 |
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