JP2005209502A - Fluorescent lamp and luminaire - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a three-wavelength emission type high-efficiency fluorescent lamp improved in color rendering properties and having a high tube wall load; and to provide a luminaire using the fluorescent lamp and capable of coping with the reduction of its thickness. <P>SOLUTION: This fluorescent lamp L is equipped with: a glass tube bulb 1 with electrodes 5, 5 sealed in both its ends; a phosphor film 8 where a blue phosphor is formed with a three-wavelength emission type phosphor mainly containing (Ba, Sr, Eu)(Mg, Mn)Al<SB>10</SB>O<SB>17</SB>on the inside wall surface of the glass tube bulb 1; and mercury and a rare gas enclosed in the glass tube bulb 1; and is so structured that the coolest part where the temperature of a surface of the bulb 1 is set at 40-55°C when lit at the tube wall load not less than 0.06 W/cm<SP>2</SP>is formed, and a ratio of 515 nm/455 nm of the emission spectrum is 0.45-0.55. This luminaire D is composed by mounting the fluorescent lamp L. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-wavelength light emitting fluorescent lamp with improved color rendering properties and a lighting fixture using the fluorescent lamp.

  A fluorescent lamp is formed by forming a phosphor film on the inner surface of a bulb made of a glass tube and enclosing a rare gas such as mercury and argon gas in the bulb.

In general, fluorescent lamps for general lighting used in homes and stores are commonly used with glass tube bulbs having an outer diameter of about 29 mm. However, improvements in light output and lamp lighting circuits are widely used. For example, a fluorescent lamp having a small diameter using a bulb having an outer diameter of about 16 to 17 mm has been developed. (For example, see Patent Document 1)
The luminaire using the fluorescent lamp having a reduced diameter has advantages such as being thinned and being reduced in size and weight.

  In addition, the fluorescent lamp with a reduced diameter uses a three-wavelength light emitting phosphor, and the lighting method is combined with a dedicated electronic ballast to increase the lamp efficiency.

On the other hand, in order to improve the color rendering properties of a fluorescent lamp, a three-wavelength fluorescent lamp using a europium / manganese co-activated barium / magnesium / aluminate phosphor as a blue-emitting phosphor is known. (For example, see Patent Document 2)
Patent No. 3055769 Japanese Patent No. 324585

However, in the above-mentioned fluorescent lamp with a reduced diameter, by reducing the diameter of the glass tube bulb, the tube wall load (W / cm ² ) expressed by the input power per unit inner surface area of the bulb is increased, and the bulb temperature is increased. As the value increases, the mercury vapor pressure increases and the luminous efficiency may decrease. In addition, a desired color rendering property may not be obtained due to an increase in the emission intensity of mercury emission lines in the visible light region due to an increase in mercury vapor pressure.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a three-wavelength light emitting fluorescent lamp with high tube wall load that has high efficiency and improved color rendering, and a lighting fixture that can cope with thinning using the fluorescent lamp. .

The fluorescent lamp according to claim 1 of the present invention is a glass tube bulb in which electrodes are sealed in both ends, and a blue phosphor is (Ba, Sr, Eu) (Mg, Mn) on the inner wall surface of the glass tube bulb. It comprises a phosphor coating formed of a three-wavelength-emitting phosphor mainly composed of Al ₁₀ O ₁₇ , mercury and a rare gas enclosed in a glass tube bulb, and a tube wall load of 0.06 W The coldest part where the temperature of the bulb surface becomes 35 to 55 ° C. when lit at / cm ² or more is formed, and the ratio of 515 nm / 455 nm of the emission spectrum is 0.45 to 0.55. It is said.

The fluorescent lamp of the present invention is a high-load lamp obtained by reducing the diameter of a glass tube bulb having a tube wall load of 0.06 W / cm ² or more. When the tube wall load becomes 0.06 W / cm ² or more, the temperature at the central portion of the bulb rises above the temperature at which the mercury vapor pressure is optimal, and the mercury at a wavelength of 436 nm that lowers the luminous efficiency and color rendering properties. The emission intensity of the bright line increases.

Further, in the emission spectrum, the wavelengths of 515 nm and 455 nm are emission of Eu and Mn of (Ba, Sr, Eu) (Mg, Mn) Al ₁₀ O ₁₇ which is an optimal blue phosphor for the present invention. By adjusting the intensity ratio of the peak wavelength to a predetermined range, the average color rendering index Ra, which is an evaluation index of color rendering properties, can be set to 90 or more. However, when the intensity of the mercury emission line having a wavelength of 436 nm increases, Ra is increased. It is difficult to make it 90.

  That is, the mercury emission line having a wavelength of 436 nm is light of a blue component, and the ratio of light based on the mercury emission line in blue light mixed with light emission having emission peaks at 455 nm and 515 nm is increased, resulting in a decrease in color rendering. End up.

The present inventor has conducted various studies on measures for lighting a high-load lamp with high efficiency and improving color rendering properties. As a result, the bulb surface of a fluorescent lamp that is lit with a tube wall load of 0.06 W / cm ² or more is examined. By forming the coldest part at a temperature of 35 to 55 ° C. (preferably 40 to 50 ° C.), the emission intensity of the mercury emission line having a wavelength of 436 nm is lowered, and as a blue phosphor (Ba, Sr, Eu) ( Realizing a fluorescent lamp with high efficiency and high color rendering by using Mg, Mn) Al ₁₀ O ₁₇ and setting the intensity ratio of the peak wavelength of the emission spectrum to be within a predetermined range. It was found that is possible.

  The reason why the ratio of 515 nm / 455 nm in the emission spectrum was set to 0.45 to 0.55 is that when this ratio is less than 0.45, the intensity of 455 nm is large, and the average color rendering index Ra, which is an evaluation index of color rendering properties, is set. This is because it becomes difficult to set the ratio to 90 or more, and when the ratio exceeds 0.55, the intensity at 515 nm becomes too large and the lamp efficiency decreases.

In the present invention, the three-wavelength emission type blue phosphor is mainly composed of (Ba, Sr, Eu) (Mg, Mn) Al ₁₀ O ₁₇ , and the emission chromaticity when excited at 253.7 nm. The y value of the (x, y) coordinate is in the range of 0.160 to 0.180.

In addition to (Ba, Sr, Eu) (Mg, Mn) Al ₁₀ O ₁₇ , this blue phosphor has a higher y value than that of this phosphor, and a y value lower (Ba, Sr). , Eu) MgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ , (Ba, Eu) MgAl ₁₀ O ₁₇ , (Sr, Ca, Ba, Eu) ₅ (PO ₄ ) ₃ Cl, or (Ba, Ca, Mg, Eu) of a blue / green phosphor. ₅ (PO ₄ ) ₃ Cl and other phosphors may be mixed and used.

  The fluorescent lamp of the present invention can be applied to a lamp having a lamp current of 300 to 600 mA. When the lamp current is less than 300 mA, the coldest part temperature becomes 35 ° C. or lower, and the luminous efficiency is remarkably lowered. On the other hand, if it exceeds 600 mA, the light emission intensity of the mercury emission line having a wavelength of 436 nm increases beyond 55 ° C. at which the coldest part temperature is optimized, and color rendering properties may be lowered. Therefore, it is desirable that the coldest part temperature of the lamp is designed so that the temperature of the bulb outer surface at the coldest part when the lamp is lit at an ambient temperature of 25 ° C is 35 to 55 ° C.

  As the means for forming the coldest part, a non-discharge space region is formed in the bulb so that the coldest part is formed in a bulb part of the region, or an exhaust pipe protruding from the sealing part to the outside of the bulb. You may form the coldest part in a front-end | tip site | part. Even when the exhaust pipe part protrudes outside the valve, it is possible to avoid an unexpected situation such as breakage by housing and protecting it in the base.

  In the fluorescent lamp according to claim 2 of the present invention, the electrodes provided at both ends of the glass tube bulb have different heights, and the coldest portion is formed at the bulb end having the larger electrode height. It is characterized by being.

  By changing the height of one of the mounts, the mercury vapor pressure can be increased even with high tube wall load fluorescent lamps where the coldest part is formed at the bulb end (sealing part) on the side where the distance from the electrode is large. Is suppressed, and the intensity of a wavelength of 436 nm, which is a mercury emission line, can be reduced.

  In addition, when the height of the mount is too low, the heat of the electrode part may be affected and the function as the coldest part may not be achieved. In the case of an annular bulb, if the height of the mount is too high, the electrode portion may approach or come into contact with the curved bulb wall, and the phosphor film may be damaged such as thermal discoloration or defects. So be careful.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lighting apparatus comprising: an apparatus main body; the fluorescent lamp according to the first or second aspect disposed in the apparatus main body; and a high-frequency lighting circuit that supplies power to the fluorescent lamp. It is characterized by being.

  The fluorescent lamp according to claim 1 or 2 is a high tube wall load lamp in which the glass tube bulb is thinned, and the height of the appliance can be reduced in size and size. Further, the lighting fixture is not limited to one having a single fluorescent lamp attached to the fixture body, and may be one having a plurality of fluorescent lamps attached thereto.

  According to the invention described in claim 1, by using the specific blue phosphor of the three-wavelength emission type, the luminous efficiency and the color rendering properties (average color rendering index = Ra) can be improved as compared with the conventional lamp. And a fluorescent lamp that achieves both high color rendering properties.

  According to the second aspect of the invention, the coldest part can be easily formed by changing the height of one of the mounts and forming the coldest part at the valve end (sealing part) to control the vapor pressure of mercury. Can be secured.

  According to the invention described in claim 3, since the fluorescent lamp having the effect described in claim 1 or 2 is provided, high luminous characteristics are exhibited, the feeling of brightness is improved, and the reduction in thickness is realized. Provided lighting fixtures.

  An embodiment of the fluorescent lamp of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a plan view of an annular fluorescent lamp L having a rated lamp power of 27/38 W, for example, and FIG. 2 is a sectional plan view showing a main part of the lamp L in FIG. .

  In the figure, 1 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing a ring-shaped bulb made of a soda lime glass tube, and the dimensional relationship is slightly different from the actual one. This valve 1 has an outer diameter of about 16 mm, a wall thickness of about 1.1 mm, an annular outer diameter (passage) of about 299 mm, and an inner diameter (passage) of about 266 mm.

  3L and 3S are flare stems with an outer diameter of about 8mm and a wall thickness of about 1.0mm, excluding the sealed part made of lead glass tube sealed at the end of the bulb 1. The sealing part 2 is formed in the part. A pair of lead wires 4 and 4 and an exhaust pipe 6 made of soda lime glass tube having an outer diameter of about 5.5 mm and a wall thickness of about 0.9 mm are sealed through the stems 3L and 3S. Is sealed at a location protruding about 5 mm from the sealing portion 2 to the outside of the bulb 1. Further, a discharge electrode 5 made of a coiled filament is connected between the leading ends of the lead wires 4 and 4, and the other end of the lead wires 4 and 4 is led out of the bulb 1.

  The stems 3L and 3S sealed at the end of the valve 1 have different height dimensions. That is, for example, in FIG. 2, the right stem 3L has a stem tube 31 height Sh (height from the sealing portion to the top of the stem tube 31) of about 30 mm, and a mount height Mh (sealing portion to coil). The height to the electrode 5 made of filamentous filaments) is about 40 mm. The stem 3S on the left side of the drawing has a stem tube 31 with a height Sh of about 17 mm and a mount height Mh of about 27 mm. The stem 3S has the same size as that of the conventional product.

A protective film 7 made of, for example, alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) fine particles and a phosphor film 8 made of a three-wavelength rare earth phosphor on the protective film 7 are formed on the inner surface of the bulb 1. The bulb 1 is filled with about 300 Pa of mercury and argon Ar gas as a discharge maintaining medium.

The phosphor film 8 of the three-wavelength emission type has a blue phosphor (Ba, Sr, Eu) (Mg, Mn) Al ₁₀ O ₁₇ of about 40% by mass and a green phosphor (La, Ce, Tb). Applying and drying a solution obtained by suspending a mixed phosphor of about 25% by mass of PO ₄ and about 35% by mass of Y ₂ O ₃ : Eu as a red phosphor in polyethylene oxide PEO, followed by firing. It is formed by.

  The blue phosphor of the present embodiment is an activator so that the peak ratio (P1 / P2) between the emission peak intensity P1 of 515 nm and the emission peak intensity P2 of 455 nm in the emission spectrum is 0.50. Some Eu and Mg contents are adjusted.

  In addition, a base 9 is attached between the sealing portions 3 and 3 at both ends of the valve 1 by bridging. On the base 9, four terminal pins electrically connected to the electrodes are provided so as to be inclined inward.

  And if the said fluorescent lamp L is lighted by rating through a high frequency lighting circuit, light emission will be continued by the discharge between both electrodes 5 and 5, and temperature will rise by discharge heat. It is the electrode 5 made of a coiled filament that is most heated by this lighting. Further, the region where the temperature rise is lowest, that is, the coldest part is not the central part of the valve 1 away from both the electrodes 5 and 5, but the sealing part with the stems 3L and 3S at the end of the valve 1, as shown in FIG. It is formed in the vicinity of the end portion of the sealing portion 2 on the right stem 3L side where the height Sh of the stem tube 31 that is not on the left left stem 3S side is large and the distance from the electrode 5 is increased.

  In the annular fluorescent lamp L, the glass tube diameter of the bulb 1 is reduced, so even if the temperature of the bulb 1 wall rises, it is not the central portion of the bulb 1, but the end portion of the bulb 1 which is not related to the bulb 1 diameter Since the coldest part is formed in the vicinity of the sealing part 2, the mercury vapor pressure is controlled without any problem. As a result, even if the lighting is continued, the light output does not decrease and the luminous efficiency is improved. it can.

  According to the experiments by the present inventors, in the annular fluorescent lamp L in which the outer diameter of the glass tube bulb 1 is reduced to 14 to 18 mm (wall thickness is 0.8 to 1.3 mm), the mount height on the higher side is increased. It was confirmed that the effect described above was exhibited by setting Mh to 30 to 50 mm and the height Sh of the stem tube 31 to 20 to 40 mm.

  The light emission characteristics at this time are as follows: power is about 38 W, efficiency is about 85 lm / W, color temperature is about 6700 K, average color rendering index (Ra) is about 91, and chromaticity deviation is about +0.0010. And color rendering.

  In this lamp L, the mount height Mh on one side is increased to control the mercury vapor pressure so that the coldest part is in the end of the bulb 1, thereby increasing the radiation efficiency of the 254 nm mercury resonance line, that is, improving the luminous efficiency. In addition, it was possible to realize a high color rendering property of Ra90 or higher by suppressing the relative height of the 436 nm mercury emission line which deteriorates the color rendering property.

  FIG. 3 is an emission spectrum distribution diagram of the lamp L and the comparative lamp. In the graph of FIG. 3, the horizontal axis indicates the wavelength (nm) and the vertical axis indicates the relative light emission intensity. In the figure, the solid line is the lamp L, and the dotted line is the emission spectrum of the comparative lamp. The structure of the lamp for comparison is such that the left and right stems (corresponding to 3L and 3S in FIG. 1), the height of the stem tube (corresponding to Sh in FIG. 1) is about 17 mm, and the mount height (corresponding to Mh in FIG. 1). ) Is about 27 mm, and the phosphors and other members other than the stem are the same as those of the lamp of the above embodiment.

  This comparative fluorescent lamp has an emission color temperature of about 6700 K as in the lamp of the above embodiment, but the coldest part temperature exceeds 55 ° C., so that the mercury emission line with a wavelength of 436 nm is relatively The ratio which contributes to blue light emission is high.

For the fluorescent lamp for comparison, a blue phosphor and a green / red phosphor having the same peak ratio (P1 / P2 = 50) as in the above embodiment are used, but the emission color temperature is about 6700K. Since the phosphor is adjusted in this manner and the mercury emission line having a wavelength of 436 nm is relatively strong, the average color rendering index (Ra) is about 89.5, the chromaticity deviation is about +0.0010, and the luminous efficiency is About 95% of the lamp in the form (ambient temperature 25 ° C.). (It can be inferred that this difference is further increased when the ambient temperature at which the lamp is lit in the appliance rises.)
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional front view showing an embodiment of the luminaire D of the present invention for lighting the annular fluorescent lamp L of FIG. In the figure, D1 is a casing that forms a thin and thin luminaire body with a circular or square appearance, and a high-frequency lighting circuit that includes a fixture for a building, a power supply connection mechanism, and an inverter lighting circuit inside and outside the casing D2 and the like are provided, and an annular fluorescent lamp L supported by lamp holders D3 and D3 is attached below the main body D1. Note that D4 is a socket connected to a terminal pin (not shown) of the base 9 of the lamp L, and D5 is a light control body composed of a light diffusing plate attached to the opening of the main body D1.

  The annular fluorescent lamp L is mounted and supported on the lamp holders D3 and D3 of the lighting fixture D, and the socket D4 is inserted and connected to a terminal pin (not shown) of the base 9 to connect the power supply mechanism and the high-frequency lighting circuit D2. The lamp L can be turned on by supplying power through the lamp, and the lamp L exhibits the above-described effects.

  The present invention is not limited to the fluorescent lamp shown in the above embodiment. For example, a soft glass such as soda lime glass or lead glass, a hard glass such as borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass or quartz glass can be used for the glass tube forming the bulb.

  Further, the outer diameter of the tube is not particularly limited, but it can be applied to a tube having a diameter of about 14 to 40 mm. In addition, when bending a glass tube bulb, it is conceivable that the outer diameter of the tube is slightly reduced and partially deviates from the above range, but in the case of the present invention, most of it may be within the above range.

  The shape of the bulb forming the lamp is a straight tube shape, an annular shape, a bent shape such as a U-shape or a saddle shape, or a plurality of straight tubular bulbs, and the sealing portion at the end is a flare stem, A valve stem or a bead stem is used to close the valve by reducing or crushing the valve.

  As a discharge electrode, a hot cathode electrode in which an emitter substance (thermoelectron emitting substance) is applied to a coiled filament made of a tungsten thin wire can be applied. However, a cold electrode such as a plate, a cylinder or a rod is acceptable. It may be a cathode type electrode. When the lamp is turned on at high output, it is preferable to use a triple coil for the hot cathode electrode.

  As the form of mercury as a discharge medium enclosed in the bulb, liquid mercury, amalgam (alloy), GEMDIS (trade name) in which a mercury alloy is formed on a plate-like body, or the like can be used. Further, as the rare gas, argon Ar, neon Ne, krypton Kr, or the like is used alone or in combination, and is appropriately sealed in accordance with the lamp characteristics by appropriately determining the mixing ratio and the sealing pressure. Further, it does not matter whether there is a base or a holder provided at the end of the valve.

  Further, the present invention is not limited to a general fluorescent lamp, but a protective film such as alumina or a transparent conductive film or a reflective film is formed between a bulb-type or compact lamp or a glass bulb surface and a phosphor film. Other types of fluorescent lamps may be provided.

  By applying the present invention, the luminous efficiency can be increased by about 5% compared to the conventional lamp, the color temperature is 4800 to 9000 K, the average color rendering index (Ra) is 90 or more, and the chromaticity deviation is −0. A fluorescent lamp that achieves both high efficiency and high color rendering can be obtained.

  Furthermore, the lighting fixture is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 4, but may be a direct ceiling type, a ceiling suspended type, or a wall-mounted type, and is equipped with a light control body such as a glove, shade, or reflective shade. Alternatively, the fluorescent lamp may be exposed. The shape, form, structure, etc. can be changed according to the type, shape, number, etc. of the fluorescent lamps.

It is a top view of the ring-shaped fluorescent lamp which shows embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional front view which fractures | ruptures and shows the principal part (near end part of a glass bulb) of the fluorescent lamp of FIG. FIG. 2 is an emission spectrum distribution chart (graph) of FIG. 1 and a comparative fluorescent lamp. It is a section front view of the lighting fixture which shows embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  L: ring-shaped fluorescent lamp, 1: glass tube bulb, 2: sealing part, 3L, 3S: stem, Sh: height of stem tube, Mh: mount height, 4: lead wire, 5: discharge electrode (coiled filament 8) phosphor coating, D: lighting fixture, D1: lighting fixture body, D2: high frequency lighting circuit,

Claims (3)

A glass tube bulb in which electrodes are sealed in both ends, and a blue phosphor on the inner wall surface of this glass tube bulb is a three-wavelength light emitting type mainly composed of (Ba, Sr, Eu) (Mg, Mn) Al ₁₀ O ₁₇ It has a phosphor coating formed of a phosphor, mercury and a rare gas sealed in a glass tube bulb, and the temperature of the bulb surface when the tube wall load is 0.06 W / cm ² or more. The fluorescent lamp is characterized in that the coldest part having a temperature of 35 to 55 ° C. is formed and the ratio of 515 nm / 455 nm of the emission spectrum is 0.45 to 0.55. 2. The fluorescent lamp according to claim 1, wherein the electrodes provided at both ends of the glass tube bulb have different heights, and the coldest portion is formed at the bulb end having the larger electrode height. . An instrument body;
A fluorescent lamp according to claim 1 or 2, which is disposed in the instrument body;
A high-frequency lighting circuit for supplying power to the fluorescent lamp;
The lighting fixture characterized by comprising.

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