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JP2005287265A - Permanent magnet motor - Google Patents

Permanent magnet motor Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2005287265A
JP2005287265A JP2004101789A JP2004101789A JP2005287265A JP 2005287265 A JP2005287265 A JP 2005287265A JP 2004101789 A JP2004101789 A JP 2004101789A JP 2004101789 A JP2004101789 A JP 2004101789A JP 2005287265 A JP2005287265 A JP 2005287265A
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permanent magnet
magnet motor
teeth
torque
rotor
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JP4404670B2 (en
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Shinya Yamamoto
伸也 山本
Hitoo Togashi
仁夫 富樫
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a permanent magnet motor that can reduce torque ripples that cause vibrations and noise. <P>SOLUTION: In this permanent magnet motor, the surface shape of magnetic salient poles 21a sandwiched by adjacent permanent magnets 22 is formed in such a way that gaps between the poles and teeth 12 broaden continuously or stepwise from the center of its circumferential direction to the ends of the circumferential direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、永久磁石式モータに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a permanent magnet motor.

従来より、巻線が施された複数のティースを有する固定子と、ティースと対向する複数の永久磁石を等間隔で有する回転子と、を有して成り、前記巻線に通電することで、永久磁石と固定子に生じる磁極との間に生じる吸引力及び反発力(マグネットトルク)と、隣り合う永久磁石に挟まれて磁気的な突極性を有する部分(以下、磁気突極部と呼ぶ)が固定子に生じる磁極に引き付けられる力(リラクタンストルク)の両方を利用して、前記回転子を回転駆動させる永久磁石式モータにおいては、振動や騒音の原因となるトルクの脈動(マグネットトルクとリラクタンストルクを合計したトータルトルクの脈動、以下も同様)をいかにして低減するかが課題とされており、当該課題を解決するための技術が種々開示・提案されている(例えば、特許文献1〜特許文献3を参照)。
特開2002−165394号公報 特開平8−205499号公報 特開平8−256455号公報
Conventionally, comprising a stator having a plurality of teeth provided with windings and a rotor having a plurality of permanent magnets facing the teeth at equal intervals, by energizing the windings, A portion having a magnetic saliency (hereinafter referred to as a magnetic salient pole part) sandwiched between adjacent permanent magnets and an attractive force and a repulsive force (magnet torque) generated between the permanent magnet and the magnetic pole generated in the stator. In the permanent magnet motor that rotates the rotor by utilizing both the force (reluctance torque) that is attracted to the magnetic pole generated in the stator, torque pulsation (magnet torque and reluctance that causes vibration and noise) The problem is how to reduce the pulsation of the total torque obtained by adding up the torque (the same applies to the following), and various techniques for solving the problem have been disclosed and proposed (for example, See Patent Documents 1 3).
JP 2002-165394 A JP-A-8-205499 JP-A-8-256455

確かに、上記の従来技術を採用した永久磁石式モータであれば、何ら対策を講じない場合に比べて、トルクの脈動を抑制し、その振動や騒音を低減することが可能である。   Certainly, if the permanent magnet motor adopts the above-described conventional technology, it is possible to suppress the pulsation of torque and reduce the vibration and noise as compared with the case where no measures are taken.

しかしながら、上記構成から成る永久磁石式モータでは、磁気突極部の表面形状がリラクタンストルク(延いてはトルクの脈動)に及ぼす影響について何ら考慮されておらず、その用途によってはトルク脈動の低減が十分でない場合があった。   However, in the permanent magnet motor configured as described above, no consideration is given to the influence of the surface shape of the magnetic salient pole portion on the reluctance torque (and thus the torque pulsation). In some cases it was not enough.

本発明は、上記の問題点に鑑み、振動や騒音の原因となるトルクの脈動を低減することが可能な永久磁石式モータを提供することを目的とする。   In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet motor capable of reducing torque pulsation that causes vibration and noise.

上記目的を達成すべく、本発明に係る永久磁石式モータは、巻線が施された複数のティースを有する固定子と、前記ティースと対向する複数の永久磁石磁極部が設けられた回転子鉄心を有する回転子と、を有して成り、前記巻線に通電することで前記回転子を回転駆動させる永久磁石式モータにおいて、前記回転子鉄心のうち、前記永久磁石磁極部と交互に配置され、隣り合う永久磁石磁極部に挟まれた部分の表面形状は、当該部分の周方向中心から周方向端部に向けて、連続的若しくは段階的に、前記ティースとのギャップが広がるように形成されている。   In order to achieve the above object, a permanent magnet motor according to the present invention includes a stator having a plurality of teeth with windings and a rotor core provided with a plurality of permanent magnet magnetic pole portions facing the teeth. A permanent magnet motor that rotates the rotor by energizing the windings, and is arranged alternately with the permanent magnet magnetic pole portions of the rotor core. The surface shape of the portion sandwiched between the adjacent permanent magnet magnetic pole portions is formed so that the gap with the teeth spreads continuously or stepwise from the circumferential center of the portion toward the circumferential end. ing.

なお、上記構成から成る永久磁石式モータにおいて、前記永久磁石磁極部は、前記回転子鉄心に埋設された永久磁石から成り、前記回転子鉄心のうち、前記永久磁石を被覆する部分の表面形状は、当該部分の周方向中心から周方向端部に向けて、連続的若しくは段階的に、前記ティースとのギャップが広がるように形成された構成にするとよい。   In the permanent magnet motor having the above-described configuration, the permanent magnet magnetic pole portion is composed of a permanent magnet embedded in the rotor core, and the surface shape of the portion of the rotor core that covers the permanent magnet is A configuration may be adopted in which the gap with the tooth is formed continuously or stepwise from the circumferential center of the portion toward the circumferential end.

上記構成から成る永久磁石式モータであれば、リラクタンストルクのピーク値を抑え、トータルトルクの脈動を低減することが可能となる。   With the permanent magnet type motor having the above configuration, the peak value of the reluctance torque can be suppressed, and the pulsation of the total torque can be reduced.

図1は本発明に係る永久磁石式モータを回転軸方向から見た際の断面図である。本図に示すように、本発明に係る永久磁石式モータは、固定子10と、該固定子10の内側に回転自在に配設された回転子20と、を有して成る内転型モータである。   FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a permanent magnet motor according to the present invention as viewed from the direction of the rotation axis. As shown in the figure, the permanent magnet type motor according to the present invention includes an inner rotation type motor having a stator 10 and a rotor 20 rotatably disposed inside the stator 10. It is.

固定子10は、電磁鋼板を積層して成る固定子鉄心11と、該固定子鉄心11の内周面に等間隔で配設された18個のティース12と、各ティース12に施された巻線13と、を有して成る。なお、固定子鉄心11及びティース12については、一体成形としてもよいし、巻線13の占積率を高めるべく分割パーツを組み合わせて成る構成としてもよい。   The stator 10 includes a stator core 11 formed by laminating electromagnetic steel plates, 18 teeth 12 disposed at equal intervals on the inner peripheral surface of the stator core 11, and windings applied to the teeth 12. Line 13. Note that the stator core 11 and the teeth 12 may be integrally formed, or may be configured by combining divided parts in order to increase the space factor of the winding 13.

回転子20は、電磁鋼板を積層して成る回転子鉄心21と、ティース先端部分12aと所定のギャップを隔てて対向するように、回転子鉄心21の外周面に沿って等間隔で配設或いは埋設された12個の永久磁石22と、を有して成る。永久磁石22の極性は、隣り同士でN、S交互とされており、磁化の強度は各々略同一とされている。なお、本図では各磁極部毎に永久磁石22を1つずつ設けた構成を例に挙げたが、本発明の構成はこれに限定されるものではなく、各磁極部毎に永久磁石22を複数個ずつ設けても構わない。また、永久磁石22の配設間隔は、必ずしも等間隔でなくても構わない。   The rotor 20 is disposed at equal intervals along the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 21 so as to face the rotor core 21 formed by laminating electromagnetic steel plates and the tooth tip portion 12a with a predetermined gap therebetween. And 12 permanent magnets 22 embedded therein. The polarities of the permanent magnets 22 are N and S alternately adjacent to each other, and the magnetization strengths are substantially the same. In the drawing, the configuration in which one permanent magnet 22 is provided for each magnetic pole portion is given as an example. However, the configuration of the present invention is not limited to this, and the permanent magnet 22 is provided for each magnetic pole portion. A plurality of them may be provided. Further, the intervals between the permanent magnets 22 are not necessarily equal.

上記構成から成る12極18スロットの永久磁石式モータでは、ティース12に施された巻線13に3相交流が通電され、永久磁石22と固定子10に生じる磁極との間に生じる吸引力及び反発力(マグネットトルク)と、隣り合う永久磁石22に挟まれた部分の回転子鉄心21であって磁気的な突極性を有する部分(以下、磁気突極部21aと呼ぶ)が固定子10に生じる磁極に引き付けられる力(リラクタンストルク)の両方を利用して、回転子20が回転駆動される。   In the 12-pole 18-slot permanent magnet motor configured as described above, a three-phase alternating current is applied to the winding 13 applied to the tooth 12, and the attractive force generated between the permanent magnet 22 and the magnetic pole generated in the stator 10 A portion of the rotor core 21 between the repulsive force (magnet torque) and the adjacent permanent magnet 22 and having magnetic saliency (hereinafter referred to as a magnetic salient pole portion 21 a) is formed on the stator 10. The rotor 20 is rotationally driven by using both the force (reluctance torque) attracted to the generated magnetic pole.

次に、本発明の特徴部分である回転子鉄心21の表面形状について、トルク脈動との相関関係を示しつつ、詳細に説明する。図2(a)〜(c)は、いずれも回転子20の拡大図であり、回転子鉄心21の表面形状の一例を示している。図3(a)は、本発明に係る永久磁石式モータにおけるマグネットトルク、リラクタンストルク、及びトータルトルクの相関関係を示す図であり、各トルクの大きさは、それぞれ実線A1〜A3で示されている。一方、図3(b)は、従来の永久磁石式モータにおける各トルクの相関関係を参考までに示す図であり、各トルクの大きさは、それぞれ実線B1〜B3で示されている。   Next, the surface shape of the rotor core 21 which is a characteristic part of the present invention will be described in detail while showing a correlation with torque pulsation. 2A to 2C are all enlarged views of the rotor 20, and show an example of the surface shape of the rotor core 21. FIG. 3A is a diagram showing the correlation among magnet torque, reluctance torque, and total torque in the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention, and the magnitude of each torque is indicated by solid lines A1 to A3, respectively. Yes. On the other hand, FIG.3 (b) is a figure which shows the correlation of each torque in the conventional permanent magnet type motor for reference, and the magnitude | size of each torque is each shown as the continuous line B1-B3.

図2(a)、(b)に示す通り、本発明に係る永久磁石式モータにおいて、磁気突極部21aの表面形状は、当該部分の周方向中心から周方向端部に向けて、連続的若しくは段階的に、ティース先端部分12aとのギャップが広がるように形成されている。言い換えれば、磁気突極部21aの表面形状は、周方向中心から周方向端部に向けて、連続的若しくは段階的に、凹み度合いが大きくなるように形成されている。   As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), in the permanent magnet motor according to the present invention, the surface shape of the magnetic salient pole portion 21a is continuous from the circumferential center of the portion toward the circumferential end. Alternatively, the gap with the tooth tip portion 12a is formed in a stepwise manner. In other words, the surface shape of the magnetic salient pole portion 21a is formed such that the degree of dent increases continuously or stepwise from the circumferential center to the circumferential end.

このような構成とすることにより、ティース先端部分12aと磁気突極部21aとの間を隔てるギャップを不均一化することができるので、両者間に働く磁気吸引力の変化を平滑化し、リラクタンストルクのピーク値を抑えてトータルトルクの脈動を低減することが可能となる(図3(a)、(b)を比較参照)。   By adopting such a configuration, the gap separating the tooth tip portion 12a and the magnetic salient pole portion 21a can be made non-uniform, so that the change in the magnetic attractive force acting between them can be smoothed and the reluctance torque It is possible to reduce the pulsation of the total torque by suppressing the peak value (refer to FIGS. 3A and 3B for comparison).

また、図2(c)に示す通り、永久磁石22を回転子鉄心21に埋設して成る永久磁石式モータの場合、磁気突極部21aの表面形状だけでなく、永久磁石22を被覆する部分(以下、磁石被覆部21bと呼ぶ)の表面形状についても同様に、当該部分の周方向中心から周方向端部に向けて、連続的若しくは段階的に、ティース先端部分12aとのギャップが広がるように形成するとよい。   As shown in FIG. 2C, in the case of a permanent magnet motor in which the permanent magnet 22 is embedded in the rotor core 21, not only the surface shape of the magnetic salient pole portion 21a but also the portion covering the permanent magnet 22 Similarly, with respect to the surface shape of the magnet covering portion 21b (hereinafter referred to as the magnet covering portion 21b), the gap with the tooth tip portion 12a is expanded continuously or stepwise from the circumferential center of the portion toward the circumferential end portion. It is good to form.

例えば、回転子20の外径を61.5[mm]、永久磁石22の周方向長さを14[mm]、ティース先端部分12aの周方向長さを13[mm]とした場合には、磁気突極部21a表面の曲率半径を38[mm]とし、磁石被覆部21b表面の曲率半径を36[mm]とすればよい。ただし、上記サイズはあくまで一例であり、永久磁石22の磁化強度等に応じて適宜変更が可能である。   For example, when the outer diameter of the rotor 20 is 61.5 [mm], the circumferential length of the permanent magnet 22 is 14 [mm], and the circumferential length of the tooth tip portion 12a is 13 [mm] The radius of curvature of the surface of the magnetic salient pole portion 21a may be 38 [mm], and the radius of curvature of the surface of the magnet covering portion 21b may be 36 [mm]. However, the above size is merely an example, and can be appropriately changed according to the magnetization strength of the permanent magnet 22 and the like.

このような構成とすることにより、ティース先端部分12aと磁気突極部21aとの間を隔てるギャップだけでなく、ティース先端部分12aと磁石被覆部21bとの間を隔てるギャップも不均一化することができるので、リラクタンストルクのピーク値抑制とともに、マグネットトルクの特性向上を図り、トータルトルクの脈動をより一層低減することが可能となる。   By adopting such a configuration, not only the gap separating the tooth tip portion 12a and the magnetic salient pole portion 21a but also the gap separating the tooth tip portion 12a and the magnet covering portion 21b are made non-uniform. Therefore, the peak value of the reluctance torque can be suppressed, the characteristics of the magnet torque can be improved, and the pulsation of the total torque can be further reduced.

なお、上記の実施形態では、永久磁石22とティース12の個数比が2:3である永久磁石式モータ(12極18スロット)を例に挙げて説明を行ったが、本発明の構成はこれに限定されるものではなく、両者の個数比が上記と異なる永久磁石式モータについても、広く適用が可能である。   In the above embodiment, a permanent magnet motor (12 poles and 18 slots) in which the number ratio of the permanent magnets 22 to the teeth 12 is 2: 3 has been described as an example. The present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be widely applied to permanent magnet motors in which the number ratio between them is different from that described above.

本発明は、永久磁石式モータのトルク脈動低減を図る上で有用な技術であり、例えば、補助駆動手段として永久磁石式モータを搭載した電動アシスト自転車の振動や騒音を低減する技術として好適である。   The present invention is a technique useful for reducing torque pulsation of a permanent magnet motor, and is suitable, for example, as a technique for reducing vibration and noise of an electrically assisted bicycle equipped with a permanent magnet motor as auxiliary drive means. .

は、本発明に係る永久磁石式モータを回転軸方向から見た際の断面図である。These are sectional drawings at the time of seeing the permanent magnet type motor concerning the present invention from the direction of a rotation axis. は、回転子20の拡大図である。These are enlarged views of the rotor 20. は、モータトルク、リラクタンストルク、及びトータルトルクの相関関係を示す図である。These are figures which show the correlation of a motor torque, a reluctance torque, and a total torque.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

10 固定子
11 固定子鉄心
12 ティース
12a ティース先端部分
13 巻線
20 回転子
21 回転子鉄心
21a 磁気突極部
21b 磁極被覆部
22 永久磁石
A1 マグネットトルク
A2 リラクタンストルク
A3 トータルトルク
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Stator 11 Stator iron core 12 Teeth 12a Teeth tip part 13 Winding 20 Rotor 21 Rotor iron core 21a Magnetic salient pole part 21b Magnetic pole covering part 22 Permanent magnet A1 Magnet torque A2 Reluctance torque A3 Total torque

Claims (2)

巻線が施された複数のティースを有する固定子と、前記ティースと対向する複数の永久磁石磁極部が設けられた回転子鉄心を有する回転子と、を有して成り、前記巻線に通電することで前記回転子を回転駆動させる永久磁石式モータにおいて、
前記回転子鉄心のうち、前記永久磁石磁極部と交互に配置され、隣り合う永久磁石磁極部に挟まれた部分の表面形状は、当該部分の周方向中心から周方向端部に向けて、連続的若しくは段階的に、前記ティースとのギャップが広がるように形成されていることを特徴とする永久磁石式モータ。
A stator having a plurality of teeth provided with windings, and a rotor having a rotor core provided with a plurality of permanent magnet magnetic pole portions facing the teeth, and energizing the windings. In the permanent magnet motor that drives the rotor to rotate,
Of the rotor core, the surface shape of the portion alternately arranged with the permanent magnet magnetic pole portion and sandwiched between adjacent permanent magnet magnetic pole portions is continuous from the circumferential center of the portion toward the circumferential end. A permanent magnet motor characterized in that the gap with the teeth is widened stepwise or stepwise.
前記永久磁石磁極部は、前記回転子鉄心に埋設された永久磁石から成り、前記回転子鉄心のうち、前記永久磁石を被覆する部分の表面形状は、当該部分の周方向中心から周方向端部に向けて、連続的若しくは段階的に、前記ティースとのギャップが広がるように形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の永久磁石式モータ。   The permanent magnet magnetic pole portion is composed of a permanent magnet embedded in the rotor core, and the surface shape of the portion covering the permanent magnet of the rotor core is the circumferential end from the circumferential center of the portion. 2. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet motor is formed such that a gap with the teeth is widened continuously or stepwise.
JP2004101789A 2004-03-31 2004-03-31 Permanent magnet motor Expired - Fee Related JP4404670B2 (en)

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Cited By (11)

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JP2009213235A (en) * 2008-03-04 2009-09-17 Hitachi Ltd Rotating electrical machine and hybrid car using it
JP2010246233A (en) * 2009-04-03 2010-10-28 Asmo Co Ltd Rotor and motor
JP2010246241A (en) * 2009-04-03 2010-10-28 Asmo Co Ltd Rotor and motor
CN101895161A (en) * 2009-05-20 2010-11-24 阿斯莫有限公司 Rotor and motor
JP2010273442A (en) * 2009-05-20 2010-12-02 Asmo Co Ltd Rotor and motor
JP2011083119A (en) * 2009-10-07 2011-04-21 Asmo Co Ltd Rotor and motor
JP2012016129A (en) * 2010-06-30 2012-01-19 Asmo Co Ltd Rotor and motor
WO2012084031A2 (en) 2010-12-22 2012-06-28 Abb Research Ltd Rotor with incremental poles
US9653952B2 (en) 2009-04-03 2017-05-16 Amso Co., Ltd. Half permanent magnet motor
KR20180023519A (en) * 2016-08-26 2018-03-07 (주)모토닉 Half SPM type BLDC motor having concentrated winding
WO2021249248A1 (en) * 2020-06-09 2021-12-16 广东德昌电机有限公司 Motor and rotor thereof

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