JP2005249259A - Positive pressure ventilation system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a positive pressure ventilation system capable of performing a thermally efficient ventilation suitable for temperatures by discharging the air from an indoor upper layer part and an indoor lower layer part according to atmospheric temperatures inside or outside a room. <P>SOLUTION: This positive pressure ventilation system comprises an air supply device 1 acting a specified positive pressure to the inside of the room, an openable upper air discharge port 11 discharging an upper layer air in the room, an openable lower air discharge port 12 discharging a lower layer air in the room, a temperature sensor 19 detecting atmospheric temperatures inside or outside the room, and a control device 20 opening the upper air discharge port 11 and closing the lower air discharge port 12 when the atmospheric temperature detected by the temperature sensor 19 is higher than a set temperature and opening, for ventilation, the lower air discharge port 12 by closing the upper air discharge port 11 when the temperature is lower than the set temperature so that the air at the upper layer or the lower layer in the room can be discharged according to the temperatures. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a positive pressure ventilation device for a room in a house or the like, and more particularly, to a positive pressure ventilation system that performs suitable ventilation according to outdoor or indoor temperature.

  Conventionally, local ventilation systems such as kitchens and toilets have been adopted in detached houses and condominiums, but ventilation systems may also be provided in other rooms. As a ventilation system provided in this living room, a method of naturally ventilating by providing an exhaust port at either one of the upper part or the lower part of the wall surface and always opening the exhaust port is most often used.

  However, with this method, heat escapes from the exhaust port during cooling and heating, resulting in a large heat loss.

  Therefore, as a conventional technology of this kind, in a ventilation system where natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation coexist, by comparing the reference ventilation frequency with the actual indoor ventilation frequency, and controlling to optimize the ventilation air volume, Some attempt to reduce driving energy and cooling / heating energy loss (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  As another conventional technique, a plurality of through holes are provided in two different walls surrounding the room, exhaust air blowing means are provided in some through holes, and an air supply grill or air supply air blowing means is provided in other through holes. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2).

In addition, as another prior art, forced ventilation means that opens and vents the forced air supply opening and forced exhaust opening when the ventilation fan is activated, and the natural air supply opening and natural exhaust opening are opened when the ventilation fan is not activated. There is also a combination of ventilation with natural ventilation means for ventilation (for example, see Patent Document 3).
Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2003-240286 (second page, FIG. 1) JP 2002-162084 A (3rd page, FIGS. 1 and 2) JP-A-11-190542 (pages 2, 3 and 1)

  By the way, in recent years, in house with high airtightness, chlorpyrifos as a termite control agent and sick house syndrome caused by chemical substances such as formaldehyde emanating from building materials and furniture, etc. have become a problem. The Building Standards Law obligates the installation of ventilation equipment that constantly ventilates chemical substances such as

  This Building Standards Law obliges the introduction of a 24-hour ventilation system in order to discharge chemical substances that cause sick house syndrome to the outside of all buildings such as houses, schools, offices, and hospitals. In this ventilation system, the type of building material and the area used are determined. For example, it is obliged to install mechanical ventilation equipment that ventilates 0.7 times or more per hour (0.7 times or more per hour) in the worst case in a room such as a house.

  However, in Patent Document 1, it is possible to optimize the actual indoor ventilation frequency so that the ventilation air volume is equal to the reference ventilation frequency. However, for this reason, when the outside air is supplied and discharged, the thermal efficiency may be deteriorated. It is difficult to construct a system that efficiently ventilates for 24 hours. In addition, in order to combine natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation, a device that performs complex control is required, and a lot of equipment costs are required.

  Further, in Patent Documents 2 and 3, the configuration is such that outside air is forcibly supplied from the air supply port and discharged from the exhaust port, and therefore, indoor cold air and hot air escape and ventilation with large heat loss. Will be performed. In particular, when ventilation is performed during cooling and heating, a large amount of cooling and heating energy is discharged, resulting in a large loss.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an air supply device for applying a predetermined positive pressure in a room, an openable and closable upper exhaust port for exhausting upper air in the room, A lower exhaust port that can be opened and closed to discharge lower-layer air is provided, and when the indoor or outdoor temperature is higher than a set temperature, the upper exhaust port is opened and the lower exhaust port is closed, and the air temperature is lower than the set temperature. If lower, the upper exhaust port is closed and the lower exhaust port is opened for ventilation. As a result, a predetermined positive pressure is applied to the interior of the room, so that when the indoor or outdoor temperature is high, the indoor warm upper air is exhausted from the upper exhaust port, and when the indoor or outdoor temperature is low, Cold lower-layer air is exhausted from the lower exhaust port, enabling indoor ventilation with high thermal efficiency.

  In this positive pressure ventilation system, when the indoor or outdoor temperature is higher than a set temperature, the upper exhaust port is opened and the lower exhaust port is closed, and when the temperature is lower than the set temperature, If a manual operating machine that closes the upper exhaust port and opens the lower exhaust port is provided, if the outdoor or indoor temperature is high, the upper exhaust port is opened by the manual operating device and the lower exhaust port is closed. If it is low, the lower exhaust port can be opened and the upper exhaust port can be closed with a manual operating device, and the room can be ventilated efficiently.

  Furthermore, in the positive pressure ventilation system, a temperature sensor for detecting the indoor or outdoor air temperature is provided, and when the air temperature detected by the temperature sensor is higher than a set temperature, the upper exhaust port is opened and the lower exhaust port is opened. If the air temperature is lower than the set temperature, a control device is provided that closes the upper exhaust port and opens the lower exhaust port. However, when the indoor or outdoor air temperature is low from the upper exhaust port, the control device is opened and closed so that the cooler lower air in the room is exhausted from the lower exhaust port, so that indoor ventilation with high thermal efficiency can be performed.

  Further, in this positive pressure ventilation system, the opening of the upper exhaust port and the closing of the lower exhaust port, or the closing of the upper exhaust port and the opening of the lower exhaust port are interlocked with the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. If the control device is provided with a function that is automatically performed, it is possible to automatically open and close the exhaust port suitable for the indoor or outdoor temperature.

  Furthermore, in any one of these positive pressure ventilation systems, a louver whose opening amount changes according to the pressure in the room at the upper exhaust port and the lower exhaust port, and a closing mechanism that closes the opening by closing the louver If this is provided, the upper and lower exhaust ports can be stably opened and closed with a simple configuration.

  According to the present invention, by means as described above, in the positive pressure ventilation system, the air of the upper or lower part of the room is discharged according to the indoor or outdoor air temperature, and the heat efficient ventilation suitable for the temperature can be performed. Become.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view at the time of upper layer ventilation in a positive pressure ventilation system showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view at the time of lower layer ventilation in the same positive pressure ventilation system, and FIG. 3 is the same positive pressure ventilation. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the exhaust port part in a system. In this example, a single room in a detached house or apartment will be described as an example.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an air supply device 1 that constantly applies a predetermined positive pressure is provided in the room, and a positive pressure state is maintained by the positive pressure air a supplied from the air supply device 1. I'm leaning.

  The air supply device 1 includes an air supply fan 3 that sucks in fresh air through a hood 2 provided outside the room, and a branch chamber 4 that removes pollen and dust in the sucked air with a filter and distributes them to each room. And an air outlet 5 branched by the branch chamber 4.

  Moreover, in this example, the air conditioning air conditioner 6 is provided indoors. In addition, 7 is a door, 8 is a television, 9 is a sofa.

  And the exhaust port 11 and 12 is provided in the upper part and the lower part of the wall 10 (left side of a figure) which faces the outdoor. In this example, the upper exhaust port 11 provided in the upper part of the wall 10 and the lower exhaust port 12 provided in the lower part have the same configuration, and are configured to exhaust air from the room to the outside. . Arrows indicate air flow. In addition, although the upper exhaust port 11 and the lower exhaust port 12 are each provided in one place in the figure, a plurality of these may be provided. FIG. 1 shows a state where the upper exhaust port 11 is opened and the lower exhaust port 12 is closed, and FIG. 2 shows a state where the upper exhaust port 11 is closed and the lower exhaust port 12 is opened.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the upper exhaust port 11 and the lower exhaust port 12 are composed of an outdoor hood 13 provided on the outer surface of the wall 10 and an exhaust port main body 14 provided on the inner surface. The exhaust port body 14 includes a plurality of louvers 15 provided so as to be able to swing from the indoor side toward the outdoor side, and a shutter 17 (closing) that opens and closes an opening 16 provided with the louvers 15. Mechanism, which is a plate body in this example). In this embodiment, the shutter 17 is configured to be automatically opened and closed between a closed position indicated by a solid line and an open position indicated by a two-dot chain line by an actuator (for example, an electric motor) (not shown). An example in which a lever 18 for manually opening and closing the shutter 17 is also provided is shown. In this example, the shutter 17 is moved in the front-rear direction (left-right direction in the figure) toward the opening 16 to open and close, but other configurations may be used as long as the opening 16 can be opened and closed. Good.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in this example, a temperature sensor 19 for detecting outdoor air temperature is provided outside the wall 10. The temperature sensor 19 is input to a control device 20 provided indoors with the detected temperature as a signal.

  The air temperature input from the temperature sensor 19 to the control device 20 is compared with a preset temperature preset in the control device 20, and when the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the upper exhaust port 11 is opened and the lower exhaust port 12 is opened. When the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the lower exhaust port 11 is opened and the lower exhaust port 12 is opened.

  In this embodiment, the temperature sensor 19 is provided so as to detect the outdoor temperature. However, the temperature sensor 19 is provided indoors as indicated by a two-dot chain line to detect the indoor temperature. Also good. In this case, the opening and closing of the upper exhaust port 11 and the lower exhaust port 12 is controlled according to the room temperature.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the example in which the opening / closing of the upper exhaust port 11 and the lower exhaust port 12 is automatically controlled according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 19 has been described. However, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 19 is displayed indoors. The person who confirmed the display may manually open and close the upper exhaust port 11 and open and close the lower exhaust port 12. In this case, if a manual operating device (not shown) that can simultaneously operate opening the upper exhaust port 11 and closing the lower exhaust port 12 or closing the upper exhaust port 11 and opening the lower exhaust port 12 is provided. The opening / closing operation of the upper exhaust port 11 and the lower exhaust port 12 can be performed simultaneously by the operation. The upper exhaust port 11 and the lower exhaust port 12 may be opened and closed manually with a lever 18 provided in the exhaust port main body 14 shown in FIG. 3 described above.

  According to the positive pressure ventilation system 21 configured as described above, the room can be efficiently ventilated as follows.

  That is, when fresh outdoor air is supplied by the air supply device 1, the indoor air pressure becomes higher than the outdoor air pressure, and the room is in a positive pressure state. At this time, since either the upper exhaust port 11 or the lower exhaust port 12 is opened according to the air temperature detected by the temperature sensor 19, air is discharged from the open exhaust port 11 or 12 to the outdoor where the atmospheric pressure is low. Is done.

  For example, since the outside air temperature is high in summer, the upper exhaust port 11 is opened and the lower exhaust port 12 is closed, and warm (high temperature) upper air in the room is discharged from the upper exhaust port 11 to the outside of the room. In addition, since the outside air temperature is low in the winter season, the lower exhaust port 12 is opened and the upper exhaust port 11 is closed, and cool (lower temperature) lower layer air in the room is discharged from the lower exhaust port 12 to the outside.

  When the difference between the morning and evening temperatures and the daytime temperatures is large, such as in spring and autumn, the lower air is discharged from the lower exhaust port 12 in the morning and evening when the outside air temperature is low, and the upper exhaust port is used in the daytime when the outside air temperature is high. 11 is controlled to discharge the upper layer air. These may be configured to automatically open and close the upper exhaust port 11 and the lower exhaust port 12 by determining the set temperature of the control device 20.

  Moreover, since the room always maintains a positive pressure state, outside air does not enter from the open exhaust port 11 or 12, and warm air in the upper layer of the room is always discharged when the temperature is high, and always when the temperature is low. Cold air in the lower layer of the room is exhausted, and stable ventilation can be performed at all times.

  In this example, the upper exhaust port 11 and the lower exhaust port 12 are controlled to be opened and closed according to the temperature of the outdoor air temperature. However, when the indoor temperature is adjusted by the air conditioning air conditioner, Opening / closing control may be performed so that the upper air is discharged from the upper exhaust port 11 when the indoor temperature is high, and the lower air is discharged from the lower exhaust port 12 when the indoor temperature is low. Such opening / closing control of the upper exhaust port 11 and the lower exhaust port 12 can also be automatically controlled by the setting of the control device 20.

  Thus, in the positive pressure ventilation system 21, the warm air is lightened and rises to the upper indoor layer, and the cold air becomes heavy and descends to the lower indoor layer. By combining with the natural exhaust by opening the exhaust port 11 or the lower exhaust port 12, the room air of the layer desired to be exhausted from either the upper exhaust port 11 or the lower exhaust port 12 is always at a high atmospheric pressure depending on the temperature. Since the air can be exhausted from the room to the outside with a low atmospheric pressure, this positive pressure ventilation system 21 can be used to constantly and efficiently ventilate the room without hot or cold air entering from the outside.

  In this embodiment, one room has been described as an example. However, all rooms branched from the branch chamber 4 can be similarly positively ventilated to form a 24-hour ventilation system with high thermal efficiency.

  In the above-described embodiment, an example in which one air outlet 5, the upper exhaust port 11, and the lower exhaust port 12 are provided in one room has been described. However, these may be provided in a plurality of locations, and the number of each configuration is provided. Is not limited to the embodiment described above. Further, the configuration of the exhaust port is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 3 described above.

  Furthermore, the above-described embodiment shows an example, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.

  The positive pressure ventilation system according to the present invention is useful in a ventilation system that ventilates a room for 24 hours.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view at the time of upper layer ventilation in the positive pressure ventilation system which shows one Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view at the time of lower layer ventilation in the positive pressure ventilation system shown in FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the exhaust port part in the positive pressure ventilation system shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Air supply apparatus 2 ... Hood 3 ... Air supply fan 4 ... Branch chamber 5 ... Air outlet 10 ... Wall 11 ... Upper exhaust port 12 ... Lower exhaust port 13 ... Outdoor hood 14 ... Exhaust port main body 15 ... Louver 16 ... Opening 17 ... Shutter 18 ... Lever 19 ... Temperature sensor 20 ... Control device 21 ... Positive pressure ventilation system

Claims (5)

  An air supply device for applying a predetermined positive pressure is provided in the room, an openable and closable upper exhaust port for discharging the upper air in the room, and an openable and lower lower exhaust port for discharging the lower air in the room are provided. When the indoor or outdoor temperature is higher than the set temperature, the upper exhaust port is opened and the lower exhaust port is closed, and when the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the upper exhaust port is closed and the lower exhaust port is closed. A positive pressure ventilation system configured to ventilate by opening the exhaust port. The positive pressure ventilation system of claim 1,
When the indoor or outdoor temperature is higher than the set temperature, the upper exhaust port is opened and the lower exhaust port is closed, and when the temperature is lower than the set temperature, the upper exhaust port is closed and the lower exhaust port is closed. A positive pressure ventilation system with a manual operating device that opens the exhaust port. The positive pressure ventilation system of claim 1,
A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature inside or outside the room is provided, and when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is higher than a set temperature, the upper exhaust port is opened and the lower exhaust port is closed; A positive pressure ventilation system provided with a control device that closes the upper exhaust port and opens the lower exhaust port if lower. The positive pressure ventilation system according to claim 3,
The control of automatically opening the upper exhaust port and closing the lower exhaust port, or closing the upper exhaust port and opening the lower exhaust port in conjunction with the temperature detected by the temperature sensor. Positive pressure ventilation system provided in the device. In the positive pressure ventilation system of any one of Claims 1-4,
A positive pressure ventilation system in which an upper louver and a lower evacuation port are provided with a louver whose opening amount changes according to the pressure in the room and a closing mechanism that closes the louver and closes the opening.

Images