JP2005129173A - File management method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a file management method capable of accessing a stored file at a high speed in a file storing method for storing and managing one or more files for every block having a predetermined fixed capacity. <P>SOLUTION: In a recording medium 101, a plurality of files are grouped by a block 102 in which there is a limit on a capacity to be managed. In the block 102, a header is provided in a head position, and the header contains a block management table 105 in which the capacity of an unused area 106 in the block, the number of files, and the information of each file are recorded. Thus, the plurality of files are managed by block units, and accessed at a high speed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a file management method for recording and managing files on a large-capacity, randomly accessible recording medium such as a hard disk drive.

  Conventionally, in a large-capacity and randomly accessible recording medium such as a hard disk drive, when there is a limit on the capacity that can be managed by one block, for example, music data has a limit on the time to manage one file is there. This is because a time search table is provided in order to manage the time when fast-forwarding or rewinding is performed, and the maximum time for managing a file is limited by the size of the time search table.

  When data is stored in a block under such a restriction, as shown in FIG. 9, one file is created in each block for data whose data length is less than the restriction. It is stored in separate blocks as a file divided into two or more.

In addition, as in Patent Document 1, conventionally, when a plurality of data is grouped and managed in units of blocks, an area for recording data is provided in order to facilitate processing such as data search and reproduction. When a file in the block is accessed separately from the area for recording the block management information, the file management information is read by accessing the area for recording the block management information and processed in units of blocks. Had gone.
JP 2002-354424 A

  However, in the conventional configuration, if the file capacity is less than the limit, as shown in FIG. 9, one block is created without using up all the areas that can be used in the block, and unused in the block. There was a problem that an area was created. In addition, since a file whose capacity exceeds the limit is divided into two or more blocks, the number of blocks used increases beyond the number of files, and the search speed is slow. .

  In addition, in the method disclosed in Patent Document 1, since the management information of the block is managed in a lump separately from the area for recording data, it is necessary to manage the recording position of the management information for each block, Since the management information of the block is managed separately from the data recording area, there is a problem that the search speed becomes slow.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described conventional problems, and is a case where a file capacity that can be managed by one block is limited in a large-capacity and randomly accessible recording medium such as a hard disk drive. Another object of the present invention is to provide a file management method that can efficiently store a file within the capacity of a file that can be managed by one block and can access the stored file at high speed. And

  In order to solve the conventional problems, a file management method according to the present invention is a file management method for storing and managing one or a plurality of files for each block having a predetermined fixed capacity, Providing a header at the head of the block, constructing a block management table for recording the storage information of the file in the block in the header, a file storage step for storing one or a plurality of files in the block, and And a step of updating information in the block management table when one or a plurality of files are stored.

  As a result, a plurality of files can be grouped in blocks with limited capacity to be managed, and a block management table can be provided in the header of each block, making it possible to manage files in units of blocks.

  In addition, by providing a block management table that records the storage information of the file in the block in the header located at the head of the block, if the header portion of the block is accessed, information on the file stored in the block is obtained. Therefore, the stored file can be accessed at high speed.

  In the file management method according to the present invention, at least the unused area capacity of the block, the number of files stored in the block, and each of the files stored in the block are stored in the block management table. The file information of the file is recorded.

  Thus, by accessing the block management table in the header, it is possible to obtain information on the file stored in the block.

  In the file management method according to the present invention, whether the file information is for one or more files stored in a block, and whether the file name, the file capacity, and the file are divided and stored. It is characterized by comprising file division information indicating whether or not and a remaining data storage position of the divided file indicating the remaining data storage position of the divided file.

  Thus, by accessing the block management table in the header, it is possible to obtain information on the file stored in the block.

  In the file management method according to the present invention, the file storage step includes a step of checking an unused area of the block every time one file is stored, and an unused area in the block. A step of storing a file from the beginning of the used area, and a step of storing the file in an area following the header of a newly secured block when there is no unused area in the block. It is.

  As a result, each time a single file is stored, the status of the unused area of the block can be confirmed, and a plurality of files can be grouped within the limit of the capacity that can be managed by the block. It is possible to effectively use the area for storing the.

  In the file management method according to the present invention, the file storage step is a step of checking an unused area of a block every time one file is stored, and the unused area of the block is larger than the capacity of the file stored. In this case, the step of storing the file from the beginning of the unused area, and if the unused area of the block is smaller than the capacity of the stored file, the file is stored in the first packet for the capacity of the unused area. Dividing into a second packet consisting of remaining data, storing the first packet in an unused area, and storing the second packet in an area following the header of a newly secured block; Storing a file in an area following the newly allocated block header if there is no unused area in the block. It is an butterfly.

  This makes it possible to check the status of the unused area of a block each time a single file is stored, and to divide the file according to the status. Can be grouped, and an area for storing data in the block can be effectively used.

  Further, the file management method according to the present invention includes a step of sequentially accessing a file stored in the block in a block unit, and a header located at the head of the block every time the block unit is accessed. And a step of referring to information recorded in the block management table.

  Thereby, when accessing the file stored in the block, first, the block management table stored in the header of each block is accessed, and based on the information recorded in the block management table, The target file can be accessed in block units, and the file can be accessed accurately and at high speed.

  Further, the file management method according to the present invention includes a step of sequentially accessing a file stored in the block in a block unit, and a header located at the head of the block every time the block unit is accessed. The step of referring to the information recorded in the block management table, and if the file to be accessed is a divided file, refer to the information on the remaining data storage location of the divided file recorded in the block management table. And a step of specifying the storage position of the remaining data.

  As a result, even if the target file is stored across multiple blocks, the remaining data constituting the target file is determined from the information on the remaining data storage position of the divided file recorded in the block management table. Since the storage location can be known, the target file can be accessed quickly and accurately.

  According to the file management method of the present invention, a file management method for storing and managing one or a plurality of files for each block having a predetermined fixed capacity, wherein a header area is provided at the head of the block. A block management table for recording storage information of files in the block in the header; a file storage step for storing one or a plurality of files without providing an unused area in the block; and The step of updating the information of the block management table when storing one or a plurality of files can efficiently store the files within the capacity of the file that can be managed by one block. In addition, the stored file can be accessed at high speed.

  Embodiments of the file management method of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a data configuration when stored by the file management method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, a large-capacity, randomly accessible recording medium 101 such as a hard disk drive handles a group of one or more files in units of blocks 102, and groups one or more files. A plurality of blocks 102 are provided. Note that the capacity managed by the block 102 is limited, and here, as shown in FIG. 1, the blocks are formed in a size smaller than the maximum capacity 103 managed by the block 102 of the recording medium 101. It shall be.

  Each block 102 has a header 104 for storing information in the block, and a block management table 105 is stored in the header 104.

  The unused area 106 is an area in which data is not stored with respect to the capacity limit managed by the block 102.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of the block management table 105 included in the header.
In FIG. 2, the block management table 105 has a start code 201 and an end code 205. By these, the area in which the block management table 105 in the block 102 is stored, that is, the header 104, and data are stored. Can be separated from the existing area.

  The block management table 105 further records the capacity 202 of the unused area 106 in the block, the number 203 of files stored in the block 102, and the file information 204 of the files stored in the block. Has been.

  The file information 204 is information about each file stored in the block. Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the file name 206, the file capacity 207, the file division information 208, and the division file The remaining data storage position 209 is recorded. The file division information 208 indicates information indicating whether or not the file to be stored is divided when the file is stored in the block. Here, the file division information 208 is “0” if the file is not divided. Is recorded as “1” if there is any remaining data in the divided file and “2” if there is no remaining data in the divided file. When there is remaining data following that, that is, when the file division information is “1”, the storage position of the remaining data following the divided file is recorded in the remaining data storage position 209 of the divided file. If there is no remaining data following the divided file, that is, if the division information of the file is “0” or “2”, the remaining data of the divided file It does not record anything in the other storage position 209.

  As described above, a plurality of files are grouped by blocks having a limited capacity to be managed, and the block management table 105 is provided in the header 104 of each block, whereby the files can be managed in units of blocks.

  Next, a file grouping method of the file management method according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a file grouping method of the file management method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted here.

  In FIG. 3, a file 301 is a file to be grouped, and here, it is assumed that files 1 to 3 exist. Blocks 302 and 303 are data storage areas provided in the recording medium 101 and having a predetermined capacity. Each of the block 302 and the block 303 has a header 104, and the header 104 stores a block management table 105 indicating information about data stored in the block as shown in FIG. Has been.

  In the file management method according to the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, first, a file 301 to be grouped from the start position of the unused area is stored so that the unused area of the block 302 disappears. Then, the remaining data exceeding the capacity of the block 302 is stored in the new block 303.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 3, when all the data of the file 3 cannot be stored in the block 302 due to the limitation of the capacity of the block 302, the file 3 corresponds to the remaining unused area of the block 302. The packet 1 is divided into a data amount packet 1 and a packet 2 which is the remaining data of the file 3. The packet 1 is transferred to the remaining unused area of the block 302 following the file 1 and the file 2, and the packet 2 is replaced with a new block. The data is stored in an unused area of a certain block 303.

  At this time, information on data stored in each block is managed by the block management table 105 (see FIG. 2) of the header 104 provided in each block.

  Next, the file grouping method of the file management method according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining file grouping processing of the file management method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  4, in the file management method according to the present invention, it is first determined whether or not there is a file to be grouped in a block (S401), and if there is no file to be grouped, the process is terminated (S407). ) If there is a file to be grouped, the last grouped block is detected (S402). For the detection of the last grouped block, for example, the storage medium stores the last grouped block, or attaches a specific flag to the header of the last grouped block. As a result, the last grouped block can be detected.

  Next, the capacity 202 of the unused area in the block is acquired from the block management table 105 included in the header part of the block finally grouped (S403), and it is determined whether there is a free capacity for storing data. (S404).

  If there is a free area as a result of determining whether or not there is a free capacity for storing data, the data of the file to be grouped with respect to the free area is stored (S406).

  Further, when there is no free space for storing data, in order to store data in a new block, a header area of a new block to be stored is secured (S405), The file data to be grouped is stored (S406).

  At this time, the block management table 105 as shown in FIG. 2 is constructed in the header of the new block, and the capacity of the unused area in the block of the block management table 105 in the newly secured header area In 202, the maximum capacity managed by the block is recorded.

  The processes in steps S401 to S406 are repeated until there are no more files to be grouped.

  Next, the file data storage process in step S406 of FIG. 4 will be described in more detail.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining file storage processing of the file management method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 5, in the file storage process of the file management method according to the present invention, first, it is determined whether or not the data capacity to be stored is larger than the capacity 202 of the unused area in the block. (S501).

  As a result of the determination, if the data capacity to be stored is smaller, the data is stored from the top of the unused area (S507), the information on the data stored in the block management table 105 is updated (S508), and the process is performed. The process ends (S509).

  On the other hand, if the data capacity to be stored is larger, the file to be stored is divided into a packet 1 for the capacity that can be stored in the block, and the subsequent packet 2 for the remainder (S502), and packet 1 is blocked. In the unused area (S503).

  Then, in order to store the packet 2 in the new block, the header area of the new block is secured (S504), the block management table 105 is provided in the header area of the secured block, and the data stored in the block management table 105 is stored. The information regarding is updated (S505).

  Thereafter, the packet 2 is stored as data to be stored in a new block (S506), and the processing from step S502 is repeated again.

  In this way, each time a single file is stored, the status of the unused area of the block is checked, and by dividing the file according to the status, the size within the limit of the capacity that can be managed by the block, Files can be grouped.

  Next, the block management table information update process in steps S505 and S508 of FIG. 5 will be described in more detail.

  FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining information update processing of the block management table of the file management method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 6, in the information update process of the block management table of the file management method in the present invention, first, the stored file capacity is subtracted from the capacity 202 of the unused area in the recorded block, and the unused in the block The area capacity 202 is changed (S601).

  Next, 1 is added to the number of files 203 (S602), the file name 206 is written (S603), and the stored file capacity 207 is written (S604).

  Then, the parameter 210 indicating the file division state is written in the file division information 208 (S605). If there is remaining data in the divided file (S606), the remaining data storage position is stored in the remaining data of the divided file. Writing to the position 209 (S607), the process is terminated (S608).

  As described above, according to the file management method of the first embodiment of the present invention, the block management table for recording the storage information of the file in the block is provided in the header located at the head of the block, and the header in the block By storing a file that stores one or more files without creating an unused area in the subsequent data storage area, files can be stored efficiently within the capacity of a file that can be managed by one block. It is possible to access the stored file at high speed.

(Embodiment 2)
Next, as a second embodiment of the present invention, an access method for a file stored for each block by the file management method described in the first embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a file access method of the file management method according to the second embodiment of the present invention. It shows the state stored by the management method.

  In the method of accessing a file stored by the file management method of the present invention, the header of each block is first accessed sequentially, and the block in which the target file is stored is detected from the block management table 105 stored in the header. To do.

  When a block in which the target file is stored is detected, it is detected from the block management table 105 stored in the header of the block where the target file is stored and detected. The processing is terminated by accessing the designated target file.

  At this time, if the target file is stored across a plurality of blocks, such as the files 2, 4, and 5, the target file is referred to by referring to the file division information 208 included in the block management table 105. It is possible to know that the remaining data constituting the file is stored in another block, and to detect the storage position of the remaining data from the information of the remaining data storage position of the divided file in the block management table 105 Thus, the remaining data can be accessed quickly and accurately.

  Next, the file access method of the file management method according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 8 is a flowchart for explaining file access processing of the file management method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 8, in the file management method according to the present invention, first, the beginning of the first block of a plurality of blocks obtained by grouping a plurality of files is accessed (S801), and the block management table 105 in the header is used. The number 203 of files in the block is acquired (S802).

  Next, the file information acquisition (S804) and the process of determining whether or not the file is the target file (S805) are repeated for the number of files (S803). If the target file is found, the target file is accessed. Along with (S808), it is determined from the file division information 208 in the block management table 105 whether the target file accessed is a divided file and there is subsequent data (S809).

  As a result of the determination, if the target file is a divided file and there is continuous data, the remaining data storage position of the divided file is identified from the remaining data storage position 209 of the divided file in the block management table 105, The access is continued, and all the data in the target file is accessed (S810), and the process is terminated (S811).

  On the other hand, if the target file is not a divided file, or if it is a divided file but there is no subsequent data, the process ends (S811).

  If the target file is not found in step S805, it is determined whether it is the last block (S806). If it is not the last block, the next block to be accessed is determined (S807), and step S801 is executed. The subsequent processing is repeated.

  As described above, according to the file management method of the second embodiment of the present invention, when accessing a file stored in a block, first, the block management table stored in the header of each block is accessed. Since the target file is accessed in units of blocks based on the information recorded in the block management table, the file can be accessed accurately and at high speed.

  The file management method according to the present invention is useful when managing a plurality of files in units of blocks with a limited capacity to be managed, and is particularly suitable for handling a large amount of data.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the data at the time of storing by the file management method by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the block management table contained in a header. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the file grouping method of the file management method of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the file grouping process of the file management method by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the storage process of the file of the file management method by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the information update process of the block management table of the file management method by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the access method to the file of the file management method by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the access process to the file of the file management method by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the data at the time of storing by the conventional file management method.

Explanation of symbols

101 Recording medium 102 Block 103 Maximum capacity manageable by block 104 Header 105 Block management table 106 Unused area in block 201 Start code 202 Capacity of unused area in block 203 Number of files 204 File information 205 End code 206 File name 207 File capacity 208 File division information 209 Remaining data storage position of the divided file 301 File to be stored 302 Last block in which the file was stored 303 New block

Claims (7)

A file management method for storing and managing one or more files for each block having a predetermined fixed capacity,
Providing a header at the head of the block, and building a block management table for recording storage information of files in the block in the header;
A file storage step of storing one or more files in the block;
And a step of updating information in the block management table when one or more files are stored in the block. The file management method according to claim 1,
The block management table records at least the capacity of the unused area of the block, the number of files stored in the block, and the file information of each file stored in the block. A file management method characterized by the above. The file management method according to claim 2,
The file information is for one or more files stored in the block, and includes file name, file capacity, file division information indicating whether the file is divided and stored, and division A file management method comprising: a remaining data storage position of a divided file indicating a remaining data storage position of a file that has been recorded. The file management method according to claim 1,
The file storing step includes
Checking the unused area of the block every time one file is stored;
If an unused area exists in the block, storing the file from the beginning of the unused area;
And a step of storing the file in an area following the header of the newly secured block when there is no unused area in the block. The file management method according to claim 1,
The file storing step includes
Checking the unused area of the block every time one file is stored;
If the unused area of the block is larger than the capacity of the file to be stored, storing the file from the beginning of the unused area; and
When the unused area of the block is smaller than the capacity of the file to be stored, the file is divided into a first packet corresponding to the capacity of the unused area and a second packet consisting of the remaining data, and the unused area is divided into the unused area. Storing the first packet and storing the second packet in an area following the header of the newly secured block;
And a step of storing the file in an area subsequent to a newly secured block header when there is no unused area of the block. In the file management method in any one of Claims 1-5,
Access to the file stored in the block
A step of sequentially accessing each block;
And a step of referring to information recorded in a block management table in a header located at the head of the block every time access is made in block units. The file management method according to claim 5, wherein
Access to the file stored in the block
A step of sequentially accessing each block;
A step of referring to information recorded in the block management table in the header located at the head of the block each time access is made in block units;
When the file to be accessed is a divided file, the method includes a step of identifying a storage position of the remaining data with reference to information on a remaining data storage position of the divided file recorded in the block management table. File management method.

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