JP2005002924A - Scroll compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a highly reliable scroll compressor capable of preventing seizure of a turn scroll by bridge action of hard particles by constituting the turn scroll by a material formed by dispersing hard particles in a soft basic material. <P>SOLUTION: This scroll compressor is constituted in such a way that the turn scroll is constituted by the material formed by dispersing hard particles in the soft basic material and hard particles in a slide part receiving at least thrust load of a mirror plate of the turn scroll are distributed in larger amount than amount of hard particles in the other part. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a scroll compressor used for refrigeration air conditioning.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The structure of the turning scroll used for the conventional scroll compressor is shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 7 (for example, patent document 1). FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the orbiting scroll, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the orbiting scroll.
The orbiting scroll is composed of a disc-shaped end plate 1, a lap portion 2 formed upright in a spiral shape from its upper surface portion 1 c, and a bearing portion 3. The height of the wrap portion 2 is about six times the wall thickness of the end plate 1. The end plate 1 and the wrap portion 2 are integrally formed, and the base material 1b of the end plate 1 and the base material 2b of the wrap portion 2 are aluminum die-cast products containing 30% silicon, some nickel, and magnesium. Further, the upper surface portion 1c and the side surface portion 1d of the end plate 1 and the wrap surface layer portion 2a of the wrap portion 2 are made of a powder sintered material made of the same material as the base material portion.
Since the orbiting scroll configured in this way is lightweight, damage such as surface pressure on the bearing mechanism or the like is small even at a high speed of about 10,000 revolutions per minute. In addition, even if there are segregation parts in the base materials 1b and 2b, the surface layer parts 1a and 2a are a powder sintered material in which silicon or the like is uniformly dispersed. Thus, a highly reliable orbiting scroll member is formed in which no silicon drop-off portion occurs.
Therefore, if this orbiting scroll is mounted, the scroll compressor can be rotated at high speed, and a small size, light weight, high efficiency, and high reliability can be achieved.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 11-2915047 [0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, although the surface layer portions 1a and 2a are formed of a powder sintered body of an aluminum alloy, Si of the surface layer portions 1a and 2a is covered with aluminum by processing, and the outermost surface is thin but aluminum-rich.
On the other hand, in a system with a large capacity and a large number of refrigerants, during the transient operation where the return of the liquid refrigerant is severe or during a high load where the differential pressure becomes large, the lubricating oil runs out on the thrust surface of the orbiting scroll and the accompanying temperature rises rapidly . As a result, on the thrust surface of the orbiting scroll, the outermost surface aluminum may be a starting point and may be seized. That is, in order to guarantee sufficient reliability, the treatment of the outermost aluminum on the thrust surface of the orbiting scroll is an important issue.
[0005]
The present invention solves such a conventional problem, and the orbiting scroll is constituted by a material in which hard particles are dispersed in a soft base material, and the seizure of the orbiting scroll is prevented by the bridging action of the hard particles, and the reliability is improved. An object of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient scroll compressor.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the scroll compressor of the present invention according to claim 1, the orbiting scroll is made of a material in which hard particles are dispersed in a soft base material, and the hard particles of the sliding portion that receives at least the thrust load of the end plate of the orbiting scroll. Is distributed more than other parts.
In the scroll compressor of the present invention according to claim 2, the orbiting scroll is made of a material in which hard particles are dispersed in a soft base material, and at least a sliding portion of the end plate of the orbiting scroll that receives a thrust load is ground. The hard particles in the sliding portion are distributed more than the other portions by mechanical polishing with a barrel, buff, fluid, or the like, or chemical polishing by etching or the like.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the scroll compressor according to the first or second aspect, the sliding portion that distributes the hard particles more than the other portions is pressed against the fixed scroll by the sliding portion. It is characterized by being a portion where pressure is applied.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the scroll compressor according to the first or second aspect, the sliding portion that distributes the hard particles more than other portions is a portion that slides with a thrust bearing. It is characterized by that.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the scroll compressor according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, Al is used as the soft substrate, Si is used as the hard particles, and the orbiting scroll is made of Al- A Si-based alloy is used.
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the scroll compressor according to the fifth aspect, the Si is eutectic Si or refined primary crystal Si.
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the scroll compressor according to the fifth or sixth aspect, the Si is exposed at an area ratio of 4.7% or more.
The present invention according to claim 8 is the scroll compressor according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the average Si intensity by EPMA at an acceleration voltage of 15 kV and an SC current of 10 nA is 17 counts or more. And
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the scroll compressor according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, an Fe-based material is used as the soft base material.
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the scroll compressor according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, an Mg alloy is used as the soft base material.
The invention according to claim 11 is the scroll compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a resin is used as the soft base material.
According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the scroll compressor according to any one of the ninth to eleventh aspects, the hard particles are exposed by an area ratio of 4.7% or more.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the scroll compressor according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the orbiting scroll is made of a material in which hard particles are dispersed in a soft base material, and the hard particles of the sliding portion that receives at least the thrust load of the end plate of the orbiting scroll. Is distributed more than the other parts. According to the present embodiment, the hard particles in the sliding portion that receives the thrust load are distributed more than the other portions, whereby high reliability on the sliding surface can be obtained by the bridging action of the hard particles.
In the scroll compressor according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the orbiting scroll is made of a material in which hard particles are dispersed in a soft base material, and grinding is performed on at least a sliding portion of the end plate of the orbiting scroll that receives a thrust load. Then, mechanical polishing with a barrel, buff, fluid, or the like, or chemical polishing with etching or the like is performed to distribute hard particles of the sliding portion more than other portions. According to the present embodiment, the hard particles in the sliding portion that receives the thrust load are distributed more than other portions by polishing, so that high reliability on the sliding surface due to the bridging action of the hard particles can be achieved at a low price. can get.
In the scroll compressor according to the first or second embodiment, the third embodiment of the present invention is a back pressure that presses the orbiting scroll against the fixed scroll at the sliding portion that distributes hard particles more than the other portions. It is a part that takes this. According to the present embodiment, the operating range can be expanded particularly in a high-pressure scroll compressor.
In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, in the scroll compressor according to the first or second embodiment, a sliding portion that distributes hard particles more than other portions is a portion that slides with a thrust bearing. Is. According to this embodiment, particularly in a low-pressure scroll compressor, high-speed operation is possible, and start-up operation time and defrosting time can be shortened.
In the scroll compressor according to the first to fourth embodiments, the fifth embodiment of the present invention uses Al as the soft base material, Si as the hard particles, and the orbiting scroll as an Al-Si alloy. It is a thing. According to the present embodiment, seizure resistance can be ensured.
In the sixth embodiment of the present invention, Si is eutectic Si or refined primary crystal Si in the scroll compressor according to the fifth embodiment. According to the present embodiment, seizure resistance can be ensured.
In the seventh embodiment of the present invention, in the scroll compressor according to the fifth or sixth embodiment, Si is exposed at an area ratio of 4.7% or more. According to the present embodiment, seizure resistance can be ensured.
In an eighth embodiment of the present invention, in the scroll compressor according to the fifth to seventh embodiments, the average Si intensity by EPMA at an acceleration voltage of 15 kV and an SC current of 10 nA is 17 counts or more. According to the present embodiment, seizure resistance can be ensured.
The ninth embodiment of the present invention uses an Fe-based material as a soft base material in the scroll compressor according to the first to fourth embodiments. According to the present embodiment, seizure resistance can be ensured, the mechanical strength of the orbiting scroll can be increased, and the size can be increased only by increasing the splash height of the orbiting scroll.
The tenth embodiment of the present invention uses an Mg alloy as the soft substrate in the scroll compressor according to the first to fourth embodiments. According to the present embodiment, seizure resistance can be ensured and the weight can be reduced. As a result, the capability control width can be greatly improved by further increasing the speed.
In the eleventh embodiment of the present invention, in the scroll compressor according to the first to fourth embodiments, a resin is used as the soft base material. According to the present embodiment, seizure resistance can be ensured and further miniaturization can be achieved, and a low-pressure fluid machine such as an air compressor, a vacuum pump, or a fan can be realized.
In a twelfth embodiment of the present invention, in the scroll compressor according to the ninth to eleventh embodiments, hard particles are exposed at an area ratio of 4.7% or more. According to the present embodiment, seizure resistance can be ensured.
[0008]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a scroll compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a orbiting scroll used in the scroll compressor according to this embodiment.
In FIG. 1, the sealed container 4 has a suction pipe 5 for sucking refrigerant and a discharge pipe 6 for discharging compressed refrigerant. A compression mechanism 7 and a motor unit (not shown) are built in the sealed container 4. The compression mechanism unit 7 includes a fixed scroll 9 fixed to the frame 8, a turning scroll 10 disposed so as to face the fixed scroll 9, an Oldham ring 11 provided between the turning scroll 10 and the frame 8, It is comprised from the crankshaft 12 connected with the motor part.
[0009]
The fixed scroll 9 is composed of an end plate 9a, a spring 9b, a suction port 9c, and a discharge port 9d, and a suction pipe 5 is connected to the suction port 9c.
The orbiting scroll 10 includes end plates 10a and 10b, a spring 10c, and a bearing 10d. The height of the spring 10c is set lower than the height of the spring 9b of the fixed scroll 9. An annular groove 13 is formed on the sliding surface between the frame 8 and the orbiting scroll 10, and a ring-shaped seal member 14 is provided in the annular groove 13. Here, the inside of the seal member 14 is set to a high pressure. With this pressure, the orbiting scroll 10 is pressed against the fixed scroll 9, and the axial gap between the orbiting scroll 10 and the fixed scroll 9 is sealed.
The orbiting scroll 10 is made of an Al—Si alloy in which fine eutectic Si, which is hard particles, is dispersed in Al, which is a soft substrate. Then, at least the portion of the end plate 10a of the orbiting scroll 10 that is pressed against and slides on the end of the end plate 9a of the fixed scroll 9 at least inside the seal member 14 is ground, barreled, buffed, fluid, etc. Is subjected to chemical polishing by chemical etching or chemical polishing by etching or the like to remove Al covering the eutectic Si in the surface layer portion, and the eutectic Si in that portion is larger than other portions, and the area ratio is 4.7. % Exposed.
[0010]
Here, FIG. 3 shows the result of examining the relationship between the area ratio of the eutectic Si exposed on the surface and the seizure by the seizure test. FIG. 3 is a table showing seizure test results with respect to the area ratio of eutectic Si.
From the test results shown in FIG. 3, it can be seen that the area ratio of eutectic Si has an effect on seizure, and the area ratio of eutectic Si needs to be 4.7% or more in order to ensure seizure resistance. .
[0011]
Next, the operation of the scroll compressor according to this embodiment will be described.
The rotation of the motor unit is transmitted to the orbiting scroll 10 via the crankshaft 12 and causes the orbiting scroll 10 to orbit in cooperation with the Oldham ring 11. Due to this orbiting motion, the splash 10c of the orbiting scroll 10 and the splash 9b of the fixed scroll 9 disposed at the meshing positions suck the refrigerant from the suction pipe 5 through the suction port 9c and compress it. The compressed refrigerant is discharged into the sealed container 4 from the discharge port 9d, and is led out of the sealed container 4 from the discharge pipe 6. The inside of the sealed container 4 is at a high pressure.
Now, during high load operation, excessive pressure is generated inside the seal member 14, the orbiting scroll 10 is strongly pressed against the fixed scroll 9, and the end plate 10a of the orbiting scroll 10 and the end plate 9a of the fixed scroll 9, especially The lubrication state of the tip of the screw 9b becomes severe. Further, since the temperature rises due to the compression action, the splash 9b of the fixed scroll 9 extends and the lubrication state becomes more severe. However, moderately exposed fine eutectic Si particles are formed at the tip of the splash 9b of the fixed scroll 9. Therefore, seizure is prevented by the bridge action, and a highly reliable scroll compressor is obtained. As a result, the operable load range in the high-pressure scroll compressor can be expanded.
Further, even if the eutectic Si amount in the surface layer portion is distributed to 17 counts or more in terms of the average Si intensity by EPMA, the same effect can be obtained.
[0012]
Here, the result of investigating the relationship between the amount of eutectic Si from the surface to a depth of 2 μm and seizure by the seizure test is shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a table showing the seizure test results with respect to the average Si strength.
The amount of eutectic Si from the surface to a depth of 2 μm was grasped as a relative amount by EPMA. That is, the acceleration voltage is set to 15 kV with respect to the Al—Si alloy, the electron beam is incident to a depth of 2 μm, the SC current is set to 10 nA, the electron beam diameter is reduced as much as possible, and 0.512 × 0.512 mm. The average Si intensity in the area was measured.
From the test results shown in FIG. 4, it can be seen that the average Si strength affects seizure, and the average Si strength is required to be 17 counts or more in order to ensure seizure resistance.
In addition, when Fe-based material is used as the soft base material and hard particles are exposed at an area ratio of 4.7% or more, the same effect as described above can be obtained, but the mechanical strength of the orbiting scroll 10 is further increased. A scroll compressor can be enlarged only by raising the height of 10c.
Also, if Mg alloy is used as the soft substrate and hard particles are exposed at an area ratio of 4.7% or more, the same effect as above can be obtained, but the weight can be further reduced, and as a result, the speed can be controlled by further speeding up. The width can be greatly improved.
Further, when a resin is used as the soft base and the hard particles are exposed at an area ratio of 4.7% or more, the same effect as described above can be obtained, but the scroll compressor can be further downsized. In addition, low-pressure fluid machines such as air compressors, vacuum pumps and fans can be realized.
[0013]
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a scroll compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
The same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
In the present embodiment, the suction pipe 5 a is not directly connected to the suction port of the fixed scroll 9. In this embodiment, a thrust bearing 15 is provided between the frame 8 and the orbiting scroll 10.
Due to the orbiting motion of the orbiting scroll 10, the refrigerant flows into the lower space of the sealed container 4 from the suction pipe 5a. Therefore, the lower space of the sealed container 4 is at a low pressure. Further, the compressed refrigerant is discharged into the upper space from the discharge port 9d, and is guided out of the sealed container 4. Therefore, the upper space of the sealed container 4 is at a high pressure. A thrust load in the direction of the crankshaft 12 generated by the compression of the refrigerant is supported by the thrust bearing 15.
[0014]
The orbiting scroll 10 is made of an Al—Si alloy in which fine eutectic Si, which is hard particles, is dispersed in Al, which is a soft substrate. At least a portion of the end plate 10b of the orbiting scroll 10 pressed against the thrust bearing 15 that slides with the thrust bearing 15 is subjected to mechanical polishing by grinding, barrel, buff, fluid, or chemical polishing by etching or the like. Then, Al covering the eutectic Si in the surface layer portion is removed, and the eutectic Si in the portion is more than in other portions, and the area ratio is exposed to 4.7% or more.
In a system with a large capacity and a large amount of refrigerant, severe liquid return to the scroll compressor occurs during transient operation. Accordingly, the lubricating oil is washed with the liquid refrigerant, and the lubricating state of the end plate 10b of the orbiting scroll 10 and the thrust bearing 15 becomes severe, but fine eutectic Si particles that are appropriately exposed slide with the thrust bearing 15, Since the seizure between the thrust bearing 15 and the orbiting scroll 10 is prevented by the bridge action, a highly reliable scroll compressor can be obtained. As a result, the low-pressure scroll compressor can be operated at high speed, and the starting time and defrosting time can be shortened.
The functions and effects described above can be obtained in the same manner by distributing Si by a process such as heat treatment or by compounding Al—Si based alloys having different amounts of Si.
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above-described embodiments, the present invention comprises a rotating scroll made of a material in which hard particles are dispersed in a soft base material, and the hard particles of the sliding portion that receives at least the thrust load of the end plate of the orbiting scroll, By distributing more than this part, a highly reliable scroll compressor can be realized by the bridging action of hard particles.
The present invention also provides a rotating scroll made of a material in which hard particles are dispersed in a soft base material, and at least a sliding portion that receives a thrust load on the end plate of the orbiting scroll is mechanically polished by grinding, barrel, buffing, fluid, or the like. Or, chemical polishing such as etching is performed to distribute the hard particles of the sliding part more than other parts, and the high reliability on the sliding surface due to the bridging action of the hard particles is inexpensive. can get.
In addition, the present invention expands the operating range, particularly in a high-pressure scroll compressor, by making the sliding part that distributes hard particles more than the other part into a part that applies back pressure to press the orbiting scroll against the fixed scroll. be able to.
In addition, the present invention makes the sliding part that distributes hard particles more than the other part a part that slides with the thrust bearing, so that high-speed operation is possible particularly in a low-pressure scroll compressor, and startup operation is possible. Time and defrosting time can be shortened.
In the present invention, seizure resistance can be ensured by using Al as the soft base material, Si as the hard particles, and the turning scroll as an Al-Si alloy.
In the present invention, seizure resistance can be ensured by using Si as eutectic Si or refined primary crystal Si.
Further, in the present invention, seizure resistance can be ensured by exposing Si by an area ratio of 4.7% or more.
In the present invention, seizure resistance can be ensured by setting the average Si intensity by EPMA at an acceleration voltage of 15 kV and an SC current of 10 nA to 17 counts or more.
In addition, the present invention can ensure seizure resistance performance by using an Fe-based material as the soft base material, increase the mechanical strength of the orbiting scroll, and increase the height of the orbiting scroll splash. The size can be increased.
In addition, the present invention can secure seizure resistance performance by using the Mg alloy as the soft base material and can reduce the weight, and as a result, the capability control width can be greatly improved by further increasing the speed. .
In addition, since the present invention uses a resin as a soft substrate, seizure resistance can be ensured, and further miniaturization is possible, realizing a low-pressure fluid machine such as an air compressor, a vacuum pump, or a fan. Is also possible.
In the present invention, seizure resistance can be ensured by exposing hard particles by an area ratio of 4.7% or more.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a scroll compressor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a orbiting scroll used in the scroll compressor according to the present embodiment. Table showing sticking test results. FIG. 4 is a table showing seizure test results with respect to average Si strength. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a scroll compressor according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an external appearance of a conventional orbiting scroll.
9 Fixed scroll 9a End plate 10 Orbiting scroll 10a, 10b End plate 15 Thrust bearing

Claims (12)

The orbiting scroll is made of a material in which hard particles are dispersed in a soft base material, and at least the hard particles of the sliding portion that receives the thrust load of the end plate of the orbiting scroll are distributed more than other portions. Scroll compressor. The orbiting scroll is made of a material in which hard particles are dispersed in a soft base material, and at least the sliding portion that receives the thrust load of the end plate of the orbiting scroll is mechanically polished or etched by grinding, barrel, buff, fluid, etc. A scroll compressor characterized in that the hard particles in the sliding portion are distributed more than the other portions by performing chemical polishing by, for example. 3. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein the sliding portion in which the hard particles are distributed more than the other portions is a portion to which a back pressure is applied to press the orbiting scroll against the fixed scroll. . The scroll compressor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sliding portion that distributes the hard particles more than other portions is a portion that slides with a thrust bearing. The scroll compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein Al is used as the soft substrate, Si is used as the hard particles, and the orbiting scroll is made of an Al-Si alloy. The scroll compressor according to claim 5, wherein the Si is eutectic Si or refined primary crystal Si. The scroll compressor according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the Si is exposed at an area ratio of 4.7% or more. The scroll compressor according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein an average Si intensity by EPMA at an acceleration voltage of 15 kV and an SC current of 10 nA is 17 counts or more. The scroll compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an Fe-based material is used as the soft base material. The scroll compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an Mg alloy is used as the soft base material. The scroll compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a resin is used as the soft base material. The scroll compressor according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the hard particles are exposed by an area ratio of 4.7% or more.

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