JP2004501255A - Flame retardant for swelling flexible polyurethane foam - Google Patents
Flame retardant for swelling flexible polyurethane foam Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2004501255A JP2004501255A JP2002504355A JP2002504355A JP2004501255A JP 2004501255 A JP2004501255 A JP 2004501255A JP 2002504355 A JP2002504355 A JP 2002504355A JP 2002504355 A JP2002504355 A JP 2002504355A JP 2004501255 A JP2004501255 A JP 2004501255A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- flame retardant
- urea
- blend
- formaldehyde resin
- hydroxyalkyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- MGRVRXRGTBOSHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (aminomethyl)phosphonic acid Chemical compound NCP(O)(O)=O MGRVRXRGTBOSHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 7
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- DHNUXDYAOVSGII-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(1,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate Chemical group ClCCC(Cl)OP(=O)(OC(Cl)CCCl)OC(Cl)CCCl DHNUXDYAOVSGII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CCJKFLLIJCGHMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[diethoxyphosphorylmethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol Chemical group CCOP(=O)(OCC)CN(CCO)CCO CCJKFLLIJCGHMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 29
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 24
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 22
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 21
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 polyol compound Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 4
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003270 Cymel® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- YXALYBMHAYZKAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-ylmethyl 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane-4-carboxylate Chemical compound C1CC2OC2CC1C(=O)OCC1CC2OC2CC1 YXALYBMHAYZKAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000411 inducer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ODPLNIWRFSCKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,2,2-trichloroethyl) phosphate Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)COP(=O)(OCC(Cl)(Cl)Cl)OCC(Cl)(Cl)Cl ODPLNIWRFSCKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RBACIKXCRWGCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Epoxybutane Chemical compound CCC1CO1 RBACIKXCRWGCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTZUIIAIAKMWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1N=C=O MTZUIIAIAKMWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFFMLCVRJBZUDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbutane Chemical group CC(C)C(C)C ZFFMLCVRJBZUDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SFRDXVJWXWOTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)CO SFRDXVJWXWOTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical group C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- AWMVMTVKBNGEAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene oxide Chemical compound C1OC1C1=CC=CC=C1 AWMVMTVKBNGEAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical group C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011437 continuous method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxetane Chemical compound C1COC1 AHHWIHXENZJRFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/38—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen
- C08G18/3878—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having phosphorus
- C08G18/3889—Low-molecular-weight compounds having heteroatoms other than oxygen having phosphorus having nitrogen in addition to phosphorus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0066—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/52—Phosphorus bound to oxygen only
- C08K5/521—Esters of phosphoric acids, e.g. of H3PO4
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/53—Phosphorus bound to oxygen bound to oxygen and to carbon only
- C08K5/5317—Phosphonic compounds, e.g. R—P(:O)(OR')2
- C08K5/5333—Esters of phosphonic acids
- C08K5/5353—Esters of phosphonic acids containing also nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/20—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
- C08L61/22—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
- C08L61/24—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds with urea or thiourea
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/14—Macromolecular materials
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
- D06M13/282—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing phosphorus
- D06M13/292—Mono-, di- or triesters of phosphoric or phosphorous acids; Salts thereof
- D06M13/298—Mono-, di- or triesters of phosphoric or phosphorous acids; Salts thereof containing halogen atoms
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/44—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen containing nitrogen and phosphorus
- D06M13/447—Phosphonates or phosphinates containing nitrogen atoms
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
- D06M15/423—Amino-aldehyde resins
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
- D06M15/423—Amino-aldehyde resins
- D06M15/43—Amino-aldehyde resins modified by phosphorus compounds
- D06M15/432—Amino-aldehyde resins modified by phosphorus compounds by phosphonic acids or derivatives thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
- D06M15/579—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them modified by compounds containing phosphorus
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
- D06M23/04—Processes in which the treating agent is applied in the form of a foam
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0008—Foam properties flexible
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0041—Foam properties having specified density
- C08G2110/005—< 50kg/m3
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0083—Foam properties prepared using water as the sole blowing agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
ポリウレタンフォームでの使用のための、炎および滴下燃えさし防止ブレンドが、(a)(i)大きい量のオリゴマー状ハロゲン化有機リン難燃剤および(ii)少ない量のモノマー状ハロゲン化有機リン難燃剤のブレンドの主たる量、(b)水またはアルコールに可溶性の尿素−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、および(c)ジアルキル−N,N−ビス(ヒドロキシアルキル)アミノメチルホスホネートを含む。The flame and dripping anti-emulsion blend for use in polyurethane foams comprises (a) (i) a large amount of an oligomeric halogenated organophosphorous flame retardant and (ii) a small amount of a monomeric halogenated organophosphorous flame retardant. It contains the major amount of the blend, (b) a urea-formaldehyde resin soluble in water or alcohol, and (c) dialkyl-N, N-bis (hydroxyalkyl) aminomethylphosphonate.
Description
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、可撓性の、弾力のあるポリウレタンフォームにおける改良に関し、特にそのようなフォームが火にさらされたときの特性の改良に関する。
本発明の主たる目的は、ポリウレタンフォームが強度の着火源に曝された時でさえ、燃焼に対する著しく高められた抵抗を有するポリウレタンフォームを提供することである。可撓性の、弾力のあるポリウレタンフォームは、一以上の発泡剤、一以上の界面活性剤及び一以上の触媒の存在下でのポリオールと有機ポリイソシアネートとの反応により製造される。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
これらフォームの使用は、カーペット下敷き、包装、テキスタイルインナーライニング、マットレス、枕、家具詰め物、クッション、自動車衝突パッド、及び音響並びに熱絶縁体を包含する。
【0003】
ポリウレタンフォームは、着火されると容易に燃える。種々の難燃剤化学品が、ポリウレタンフォームに添加されてきた。それは、リンのハロゲン化エステルを包含する。このことは、難燃特性における幾分の改良を結果した。低度の着火源により着火された後の燃焼の度合いは減少され、フォームは小規模の実験室テストではある程度自己消火性にさえされる。
【0004】
しかし、燃焼が起きたときに、フォームは溶融して、炎の出ている燃えかすを滴下することができ、これは近隣の他の可燃性物質を着火することができて、火を広がらせる。そのようないわゆる自己消火性フォームは一般に、低度の着火源以外による着火に対して抵抗性が無い。この問題を解決することを助け、かついったん着火すると仕上げられたフォームを膨れ上がるようにし、あるいは炭を製造することができるようにするために、他の添加剤がポリウレタンフォームに添加されてきた。
【0005】
これらフォームは炎をあまりあげず、燃焼の間に燃えかすをあまり滴下せずかつ炭を製造し、該炭は熱遮蔽バリアーとして挙動することができ、したがって火の広がりを遅らせるまたは妨げることができる。
【0006】
UL94 HF−1テストに合格することができる可撓性の、弾力のあるポリウレタンフォームを製造するひとつのアプローチは、G.フェスマン(Fesman)への米国特許第4,514,524号に記載されている。この特許明細書において、ポリエーテルポリオールに基づくフォームは、ポリエステルポリオール、ハロゲン化難燃剤(たとえばトリス(1、3−ジクロロプロピル)ホスフェート)、及び水またはアルコールに可溶の尿素−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂の添加剤組み合わせにより処理される。
【0007】
着火及び燃焼したときに燃えている燃えかすを形成する傾向を低下された可撓性のポリウレタンフォームを製造する方法は、有利であろう。可撓性のポリエーテルウレタンフォームは、多くの用途たとえば家具クッションのために、ポリエステルウレタンフォームよりも良い。高い弾力のクッション性が要求される場合には、乾いた炭(dry−char)の可撓性のポリエステルウレタンフォームは使用されることができない。したがってユーザーは、ある燃焼性区分、たとえばアンダーライターズラボラトリーズ UL−94 HF−1区分を満たすことができるポリエーテルフォームのために乾いた炭特性を好むであろう。ポリエステル樹脂を含むポリウレタンクッションフォームの弾力性に対しての懸念もある。ポリエステルフォームは、心地よいクッション性のための重要な因子である弾力性に劣る。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
UL−94 HF−1 難燃性分類を満たすことができる可撓性のポリエーテルウレタンフォームを製造することが有利であろう。上記分類を満たし、かつ弾力性が高い可撓性のフォームを処方することが、より有利でさえあろう。
本発明の他の目的及び利点は、本明細書全体において示される。
【0009】
【課題を解決する手段】
本発明に従い、炭を形成する、あるいは膨れ上がる特性を持つ改良された可撓性の、弾力性のポリエーテルポリウレタンフォーム及びそのようなフォームを製造する方法が今発見された。ポリエーテルポリオールと有機ポリイソシアネートの反応により、可撓性の、弾力のある、難燃性のかつ膨れ上がるポリウレタンフォームを製造する為の方法は、ポリウレタンを形成する反応物に、少なくとも一つの発泡剤、少なくとも一つの界面活性剤、少なくとも一つの触媒、及び(i)大きな量のオリゴマー状種類及び小さい量のモノマー状種類を含むところのハロゲン化有機リン難燃剤、(ii)水またはアルコールに可溶の尿素−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、及び(iii)ジアルキル−N、N−ビス(ヒドロキシアルキル)アミノメチルホスホネートを含む添加剤組み合わせの、炎及び滴下燃えさし防止有効量を加えることを含む。
本発明はまた、上記の成分(i)、(ii)および(iii)を含むポリウレタンフォームの難燃及び滴下燃えさし防止性を高めるための組成物に関する。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の方法は、慣用のポリウレタン可撓性フォーム形成法によって行われ得る。本発明によれば、公知方法、例えばプレポリマー、擬ポリマー、または1ショット系によって、約16〜約48kg/m3の密度を有するポリウレタンフォームが製造される。バッチ法または連続法によってフォームが製造され得る。フォームを形成する混合物は、基本的成分として:(A)ポリオール(本発明によれば、好ましくはポリエーテルポリオールである)、(B)有機イソシアネート、(C)発泡剤、(D)ポリウレタン触媒、(E)界面活性剤、および(F)大きい量のオリゴマー状種類および少ない量のモノマー状種類を含むところのハロゲン化難燃剤、水またはアルコールに可溶性の尿素−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂添加剤、およびジアルキル−N,N−ビス(ヒドロキシアルキル)アミノメチルホスホネートの組み合わせを含むべきである。
【0011】
好ましいポリエーテルポリオール成分(A)は、可撓性のエーテル型ポリウレタンフォームを製造するために入手可能でありかつ当業者によって慣用的に使用される種々の多水酸基ポリエーテル化合物のいずれかから選択され得る。最も普通のポリエーテルポリオール化合物、ポリオキシアルキレンポリエーテルポリオールは、アルキレンオキシド、例えば1,2−プロピレンオキシド、と多水酸基開始剤または誘発剤との反応によって一般に製造される。多水酸基開始剤または誘発剤は例えば、グリセロール、トリメチロールメタン、トリメチロールプロパン、トリエタノールアミンまたはポリエチレングリコールであり得る。
【0012】
ポリエーテルの製造に使用されるアルキレンオキシドは、好ましくは、2〜4個の炭素原子を含むものであり、例えば、エチレンオキシド、1,2−プロピレンオキシド、1,2−ブチレンオキシド、トリメチレンオキシドおよびテトラメチレンオキシドである。また、対応するアラルキレンオキシド、例えばスチレンオキシド、の単独からまたはアルキレンオキシドとの混合から誘導されるポリ−(アラルキレンエーテル)ポリオールも有用である。一般に、プロピレンオキシド、すなわち1,2−プロピレンオキシド、および1,2−プロピレンオキシドとエチレンオキシドとの混合物が、ポリエーテルポリオール反応物の製造のために好ましい。また、本発明の実施におけるポリオールとして有用なのは、いわゆるグラフトポリマー、すなわち、ポリエーテルポリオールの基幹上(しかし、官能性ヒドロキシル基の上ではない)にいくらかグラフトし、かつポリオール中に分散されるポリマーとしていくらか存在するようにアクリロニトリルおよび/またはスチレンで変性されたポリエーテルポリオールである。
【0013】
本発明での使用のためのポリエーテルは、好ましくは、約2000〜約6000、最適には約3000〜約4500の分子量および約2〜約3の平均ヒドロキシ官能性を有する。市販されているポリエーテルの例は、F−3020(商標)のポリエーテルポリオール(Dow Chemical社製)である。
【0014】
しかし、所望ならば、成分(A)は、米国特許第4,514,524号(G. Fesman)(これは、本明細書に組み入れられる)に記載されているように、ポリエーテルおよびポリエステルポリオールの組み合わせを含み、あるいは、ポリエーテルポリオールを含まないポリエステルポリオールさえも含み得る。
【0015】
そのような任意的なポリエステルポリオール成分は、可撓性ポリウレタンフォームの製造のために慣用的に使用されるポリオールの1つまたは混合物から選択され得る。これらの可撓性ポリウレタンフォームの製造に適するポリエステルポリオールは典型的には、500〜5000の分子量および約15〜約150のヒドロキシル価を有する。適するポリオールは、グリコールおよび飽和ポリカルボン酸から製造される直鎖ポリマー状ポリエステルを包含する。例えば、2官能性ポリエステルポリオールは、ジエチレングリコールとアジピン酸との反応によって製造され得る。特に好ましいポリエステルポリオールは、FOMREZ 53(商標)製品(Witco社製)である
【0016】
フォーム形成法の有機ポリイソシアネート成分(B)は、そのような目的のために使用される慣用のイソシアネートから選択され得る。
【0017】
好ましくは、イソシアネートは2〜3のイソシアネート官能性を有する。有用なイソシアネートは、芳香族、脂肪族、脂環式、ヘテロ環式タイプおよびそれらの混合物を包含する。適する有機イソシアネートは、トルエンジイソシアネートおよびフェニレンジイソシアネートであり、コストおよび入手可能性故に、トルエンジイソシアネートが好ましい。
【0018】
発泡剤(C)成分は、水を単独でまたは他の慣用の発泡剤、例えば塩化メチレン、または約−30℃〜60℃の沸点を有する炭化水素またはフルオロカーボンとの組み合わせで含み得る。
【0019】
ポリウレタン触媒成分(D)は、そのような目的のために慣用の物質から選択される。適する触媒は、アミン、例えば第3級アミン、および金属化合物、例えばオクタン酸スズ、ジブチルスズジラウレートなどを包含する。
【0020】
本発明方法で使用される界面活性剤成分(E)は、そのような目的に慣用的に使用される界面活性剤から選択され得る。
【0021】
種々の界面活性剤が本発明方法で効果をもたらすが、シリコーン界面活性剤、例えばユニオンカーバイド社製のTM L5810およびL5740非加水分解性シリコーン界面活性剤が使用されるならば、特に望ましい均質なセル構造および外観がフォームに与えられることが分かった。
【0022】
本発明の火および滴下燃えさし防止の添加剤組み合わせ(F)は、大きい量のオリゴマー状種類および少ない量のモノマー状種類を含むところのハロゲン化難燃剤、水またはアルコールに可溶性の架橋されない尿素−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、およびジアルキル−N,N−ビス(ヒドロキシアルキル)アミノメチルホスホネートを含む。
【0023】
本発明の方法およびフォームで使用されるハロゲン化難燃剤成分は、大きい量(例えば、約88重量%〜約96重量%)のハロゲン化難燃剤オリゴマー状種類および少ない量(例えば、約12重量%〜約4重量%)のハロゲン化難燃剤モノマー状種類を含む。
【0024】
例えば、オリゴマー状成分は、塩素化オリゴマー状ホスフェート、例えばFYROL 99(商標)(Akzo Nobel Functional Chemicals LLC製)などの市販品を含み、モノマー状成分は、トリス(ハロアルキル)ホスフェート、好ましくアルキル基中に1〜4個の炭素原子を含む塩素化モノマー状ホスフェート、例えばFYROL FR−2(商標)(Akzo Nobel Functional Chemicals LLC製)(これは、トリス(1,3−ジクロロプロピル)ホスフェートである)であり得る。本発明で使用するための市販のオリゴマー状/モノマー状難燃剤添加剤は、Akzo Nobel Functional Chemicals LLCからFYROL EFFの商標で市販されている。それは、66重量%のオリゴマー状FYROL 99製品、32.5重量%のモノマー状FYROL FR−2製品、および任意的な、しかし好ましいスコーチ防止剤パッケージ(処方全体の重量に基づいて、1重量%のエポキシ樹脂(ERL−4221(商標)として入手可能)および0.5重量%のフェノチアジン)を含む。
【0025】
本発明のアミノ樹脂成分は、有機イソシアネートと反応性でない(フォームを形成する条件下)ところの、液体の水またはアルコールに可溶性の架橋されない(熱硬化性でない)尿素−ホルムアルデヒドまたは尿素−ホルムアルデヒド誘導体プレ縮合物樹脂である。言葉「水またはアルコールに可溶性の尿素−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂」は、この必須成分を説明するために本明細書で使用される。本発明のために好ましい尿素−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂は、ブチル化されたおよびメチル化された尿素−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、例えばCYMEL U−80およびCYMEL 65(商標)樹脂であり、これらは、Cytec Industries社の製品である。
【0026】
フォーム中に使用される炎および滴下燃えさし防止の添加剤組み合わせの量は、使用者によって望まれる、炎および滴下燃えさし性の一緒にされた低下を付与するのに有効な量である。添加剤の適するレベルを決定するために有用な基準は、Underwriters Laboratories UL−94試験である。UL−94試験のHF−1基準に合格するウレタンフォームサンプルは、本発明の目的のための有効レベルの添加剤を含むと考えられる。
【0027】
オリゴマー状/モノマー状ハロゲン化有機リン難燃剤、水またはアルコールに可溶性の架橋されない尿素−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、およびジアルキル−N,N−ビス(ヒドロキシアルキル)アミノメチルホスホネートの添加剤組み合わせの一緒にされた重量は、典型的には、フォーム処方成分のまたは最終の可撓性ポリウレタンフォーム生成物の総重量の約5〜約50重量%である。ポリオールとハロゲン化難燃剤成分と水またはアルコールに可溶性の尿素−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂とジアルキル−N,N−ビス(ヒドロキシアルキル)アミノメチルホスホネートとの比は約100:22:2.25:0.75〜約100:14:1.5:0.5である。ジアルキル基は、その中に約1〜約4個の炭素原子を含むのが好ましく、例えばジエチルまたはジイソプロピルが例示される。ヒドロキシアルキル基は好ましくは2−ヒドロキシエチルである。
【0028】
本発明の添加剤組み合わせは、可撓性の、弾力のあるポリウレタンフォーム生成物に高められた炎および滴下燃えさし防止性を付与するためにフォーム形成反応系へ添加するのに適する、予備混合された貯蔵安定性組成物であり得る。この添加剤組み合わせの必須成分は、ポリオール、ハロゲン化難燃剤、水またはアルコールに可溶性の架橋されない尿素−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、およびジアルキル−N,N−ビス(ヒドロキシアルキル)アミノメチルホスホネートを含む。しかし、種々の任意的な成分が、添加剤組み合わせに添加され得る。例えば、上記組み合わせは、ポリエーテルポリオールを含み得る。他の任意的な成分は、溶媒、希釈剤、着色剤、安定剤、セルオープナー(cell opener)、滑剤、殺生物剤などから選択され得る。イソシアネートフォーム反応物は、含められ得ない。
【0029】
添加剤組み合わせは、反応の前にまたは反応時に、それを、ポリウレタンフォームを形成する成分と何らかの順序で混合することによって使用され得る。
【0030】
添加剤組み合わせを含む個々の成分は、「1ショット」法のようにフォーム処方中に個々に計量され得る。
【0031】
以下の実施例は、本発明の種々の実施態様を記載する。他の実施態様は、本明細書を考慮することによりまたはそこに開示された本発明を実施することにより当業者には明らかであろう。本明細書および実施例は例示に過ぎないとみなされるものであり、本発明の真の範囲および精神は特許請求の範囲に示されている。
【0032】
【実施例】
下記実施例で使用された難燃剤混合物は、FYROL EFF難燃剤を94.0重量%、CYMEL U−80樹脂(ブチル化尿素ホルムアルデヒド樹脂)、Cytec Chemicals 社製、を5重量%、及びFYROL 6 難燃剤(ジエチルビス(ヒドロキシエチル)アミノメチルホスホネート)を1重量%で含む。FYROL EFFは、66重量%のFYROL99難燃剤(塩素化オリゴマー状ホスフェート−CAS# 109640−81−5)、32.5重量%のFYROL FR−2難燃剤(トリ(1,3−ジクロロプロピル−2)ホスフェート−CAS#13674−87−8)、1重量%のエポキシ樹脂(ERL−4224ブランド−CAS#2386−87−0)及び0.5重量%のフェノチアジン(CAS#92−84−2)のブレンドである。
【0033】
難燃剤ブレンド仕様:
分析項目 典型例
外観 琥珀色
%リン 10.93%
%塩化物 30.55%
酸価 最大0.2
比重 1.41
粘度(cps)25℃ 1400
引火点 220°F
フォギング特性
(110℃/6時間/38°)83
蒸気圧(400°F) 105(下記を見よ)−−−− ASTM D2879
【0034】
【0035】
下記の難燃剤試験データは、名目(ノミナル)密度1.8パウンド/立法フィート(pcf)の典型的なポリエーテルポリウレタンフォームを用いて得られたものである。フォームを形成するために使用された処方は以下を含む:
水酸基数56;水分レベル3.55;アミンレベル0.22;及びNCOインデックス110を有するポリエーテルポリオール。本発明の難燃剤は、このポリエーテルポリウレタンフォームがUL−94 HF−1試験基準に適合することを可能とした。
【0036】
【0037】
5つの試料のテスト結果に基き、物質がHF−1、HF−2、又はHBFに分類される。5個の組のうちの1つの試料のみが要求を満たさなかった場合、同じ条件下で他の5個の組の試料がテストされる。
【0038】
下記表は、本発明のブレンド(符合「ULM」で示す)も含め、種々の難燃剤を含む、ポリウレタンフォームの処方を示す。
【0039】
【0040】
以下の表は、本発明の難燃剤ブレンド(ULM)、トリス(トリクロロエチル)ホスフェート(FR−2)又はメラミン(APP)の各難燃剤を含む一連のポリウレタンフォームについてのU−94HFテストの結果を示す。
【0041】
【0042】
以下の表は、示したフォーム処方のエージング(25℃で4時間)後のUL−94HFテストの結果を示す。
【0043】
【0044】
以下の表は、示したフォーム処方の、エージング(70℃で7時間)前のUL−94HFテストの結果を示す。
【0045】
【0046】
以下の表は、トリス(トリクロロエチル)ホスフェート(FR−2)及びメラミン(APP)のブレンドを含む一連のポリウレタンフォームについてのU−94HFテストの結果を示す。
【0047】
[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to improvements in flexible, resilient polyurethane foams, and more particularly to improving the properties of such foams when exposed to fire.
A primary object of the present invention is to provide a polyurethane foam having significantly increased resistance to combustion, even when the polyurethane foam is exposed to a strong ignition source. Flexible, resilient polyurethane foams are made by reacting a polyol with an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of one or more blowing agents, one or more surfactants, and one or more catalysts.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Uses of these foams include carpet underlays, packaging, textile inner linings, mattresses, pillows, furniture stuffing, cushions, automotive crash pads, and acoustic and thermal insulation.
[0003]
Polyurethane foam burns easily when ignited. Various flame retardant chemicals have been added to polyurethane foam. It includes halogenated esters of phosphorus. This has resulted in some improvement in flame retardant properties. The degree of combustion after being ignited by a low ignition source is reduced, and the foam is even made to some extent self-extinguishing in small laboratory tests.
[0004]
However, when combustion occurs, the foam melts and can drip a burning flaming scum, which can ignite other flammable materials nearby and spread the fire . Such so-called self-extinguishing foams are generally not resistant to ignition by sources other than low-grade ignition sources. Other additives have been added to polyurethane foam to help solve this problem and to allow the finished foam to swell once it is ignited or to make charcoal.
[0005]
These foams do not produce much flame, do not drip a lot of cinders during combustion and produce charcoal, which can behave as a heat shield barrier, thus slowing or preventing the spread of fire .
[0006]
One approach to making flexible, resilient polyurethane foam that can pass the UL94 HF-1 test is described in No. 4,514,524 to Fesman. In this patent specification, foams based on polyether polyols comprise polyester polyols, halogenated flame retardants (eg tris (1,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate), and urea-formaldehyde resin additives soluble in water or alcohol. Processed by combination.
[0007]
A method of making a flexible polyurethane foam having a reduced tendency to form a burning cinder when ignited and burned would be advantageous. Flexible polyether urethane foam is better than polyester urethane foam for many applications, such as furniture cushions. If high elastic cushioning is required, dry-char flexible polyester urethane foam cannot be used. Thus, users will prefer dry charcoal properties due to polyether foams that can meet certain flammability categories, such as Underwriters Laboratories UL-94 HF-1 category. There are also concerns about the elasticity of polyurethane cushion foams containing polyester resins. Polyester foams have poor elasticity, which is an important factor for comfortable cushioning.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
It would be advantageous to produce a flexible polyether urethane foam that could meet the UL-94 HF-1 flame retardant classification. It may even be more advantageous to formulate flexible foams that meet the above classification and are highly resilient.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention are set forth throughout the specification.
[0009]
[Means to solve the problem]
In accordance with the present invention, an improved flexible, resilient polyether polyurethane foam having charcoal forming or swelling properties and a method of making such a foam have now been discovered. A method for producing a flexible, resilient, flame-retardant and swelling polyurethane foam by the reaction of a polyether polyol and an organic polyisocyanate involves adding at least one blowing agent to the polyurethane-forming reactant. At least one surfactant, at least one catalyst, and (i) a halogenated organophosphorous flame retardant comprising a large amount of oligomeric species and a small amount of monomeric species, (ii) soluble in water or alcohol. And (iii) an effective combination of an additive combination comprising a dialkyl-N, N-bis (hydroxyalkyl) aminomethylphosphonate to prevent flame and dripping.
The present invention also relates to a composition for enhancing the flame retardancy and dripping prevention of a polyurethane foam comprising the above components (i), (ii) and (iii).
[0010]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The method of the present invention may be performed by a conventional polyurethane flexible foam forming method. According to the present invention, known methods, for example prepolymers, by pseudo polymers or 1-shot system, a polyurethane foam having a density of from about 16 to about 48 kg / m 3 is produced. The foam can be manufactured by a batch or continuous method. The foam-forming mixture comprises as basic components: (A) a polyol (preferably a polyether polyol according to the invention), (B) an organic isocyanate, (C) a blowing agent, (D) a polyurethane catalyst, (E) a surfactant, and (F) a halogenated flame retardant containing a high amount of oligomeric and a low amount of monomeric type, a urea-formaldehyde resin additive soluble in water or alcohol, and dialkyl-N. , N-bis (hydroxyalkyl) aminomethylphosphonate.
[0011]
Preferred polyether polyol components (A) are selected from any of a variety of polyhydric polyether compounds that are available for making flexible ether polyurethane foams and are commonly used by those skilled in the art. obtain. The most common polyether polyol compound, a polyoxyalkylene polyether polyol, is generally prepared by the reaction of an alkylene oxide, such as 1,2-propylene oxide, with a polyhydric initiator or inducer. The polyhydric initiator or inducer can be, for example, glycerol, trimethylolmethane, trimethylolpropane, triethanolamine or polyethylene glycol.
[0012]
The alkylene oxides used in the preparation of the polyethers are preferably those containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms, such as, for example, ethylene oxide, 1,2-propylene oxide, 1,2-butylene oxide, trimethylene oxide and It is tetramethylene oxide. Also useful are poly- (aralkylene ether) polyols derived from the corresponding aralkylene oxides, for example, styrene oxide, alone or from mixtures with alkylene oxides. In general, propylene oxide, ie, 1,2-propylene oxide, and mixtures of 1,2-propylene oxide and ethylene oxide are preferred for making the polyether polyol reactant. Also useful as polyols in the practice of the present invention are so-called graft polymers, i.e., polymers that are somewhat grafted onto the backbone of a polyether polyol (but not on functional hydroxyl groups) and dispersed in the polyol. Polyether polyols modified with acrylonitrile and / or styrene to some extent.
[0013]
The polyether for use in the present invention preferably has a molecular weight of about 2000 to about 6000, optimally about 3000 to about 4500, and an average hydroxy functionality of about 2 to about 3. An example of a commercially available polyether is F-3020 ™ polyether polyol (Dow Chemical).
[0014]
However, if desired, component (A) may comprise polyether and polyester polyols as described in U.S. Patent No. 4,514,524 (G. Fesman), which is incorporated herein. Or even a polyester polyol without a polyether polyol.
[0015]
Such optional polyester polyol component may be selected from one or a mixture of polyols conventionally used for the production of flexible polyurethane foams. Polyester polyols suitable for making these flexible polyurethane foams typically have a molecular weight of 500 to 5000 and a hydroxyl number of about 15 to about 150. Suitable polyols include linear polymeric polyesters made from glycols and saturated polycarboxylic acids. For example, bifunctional polyester polyols can be made by the reaction of diethylene glycol with adipic acid. A particularly preferred polyester polyol is FOMREZ 53 ™ product (Witco).
The organic polyisocyanate component (B) of the foam-forming process can be selected from the customary isocyanates used for such purposes.
[0017]
Preferably, the isocyanate has a few isocyanate functionality. Useful isocyanates include the aromatic, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, heterocyclic types and mixtures thereof. Suitable organic isocyanates are toluene diisocyanate and phenylene diisocyanate, with toluene diisocyanate being preferred due to cost and availability.
[0018]
The blowing agent (C) component may comprise water alone or in combination with other conventional blowing agents, such as methylene chloride, or a hydrocarbon or fluorocarbon having a boiling point of about -30C to 60C.
[0019]
The polyurethane catalyst component (D) is selected from conventional materials for such purpose. Suitable catalysts include amines, such as tertiary amines, and metal compounds such as tin octoate, dibutyltin dilaurate, and the like.
[0020]
The surfactant component (E) used in the method of the present invention may be selected from surfactants conventionally used for such purpose.
[0021]
A variety of surfactants will work in the process of the present invention, but a particularly desirable homogeneous cell is if a silicone surfactant is used, for example TM L5810 and L5740 non-hydrolysable silicone surfactants from Union Carbide. It has been found that the structure and appearance are imparted to the foam.
[0022]
The fire and dripping anti-flame additive combination (F) of the present invention is a halogenated flame retardant containing a large amount of oligomeric and a small amount of monomeric, non-crosslinkable urea-formaldehyde soluble in water or alcohol. Resin, and dialkyl-N, N-bis (hydroxyalkyl) aminomethylphosphonate.
[0023]
The halogenated flame retardant component used in the methods and foams of the present invention comprises a high amount (eg, about 88% to about 96% by weight) of the halogenated flame retardant oligomeric species and a low amount (eg, about 12% 〜4% by weight) of halogenated flame retardant monomeric species.
[0024]
For example, the oligomeric component comprises a commercial product such as a chlorinated oligomeric phosphate, for example FYROL 99 ™ (from Akzo Nobel Functional Chemicals LLC), and the monomeric component comprises a tris (haloalkyl) phosphate, preferably an alkyl group. Chlorinated monomeric phosphates containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms, such as FYROL FR-2 ™ (from Akzo Nobel Functional Chemicals LLC), which is tris (1,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate. obtain. Commercially available oligomeric / monomeric flame retardant additives for use in the present invention are commercially available from Akzo Nobel Functional Chemicals LLC under the trademark FYROL EFF. It comprises 66% by weight of the oligomeric TYROL 99 product, 32.5% by weight of the monomeric TYROL FR-2 product, and an optional but preferred anti-scorch package (1% by weight, based on the weight of the total formulation). Epoxy resin (available as ERL-4221 ™) and 0.5% by weight phenothiazine).
[0025]
The amino resin component of the present invention is a non-crosslinkable (non-thermosetting) urea-formaldehyde or urea-formaldehyde derivative soluble in liquid water or alcohol, which is not reactive with organic isocyanates (under foam-forming conditions). It is a condensate resin. The term "water or alcohol soluble urea-formaldehyde resin" is used herein to describe this essential component. Preferred urea-formaldehyde resins for the present invention are butylated and methylated urea-formaldehyde resins, such as CYMEL U-80 and CYMEL 65 ™ resins, which are products of Cytec Industries. is there.
[0026]
The amount of flame and dripping anti-flame additive combination used in the foam is an amount effective to impart the combined reduction in flame and dripping flammability desired by the user. A useful criterion for determining suitable levels of additives is the Underwriters Laboratories UL-94 test. Urethane foam samples that pass the HF-1 criteria of the UL-94 test are considered to contain effective levels of additives for the purposes of the present invention.
[0027]
Combined weight of oligomeric / monomeric halogenated organophosphorus flame retardant, water or alcohol soluble non-crosslinked urea-formaldehyde resin, and additive combination of dialkyl-N, N-bis (hydroxyalkyl) aminomethylphosphonate Is typically about 5% to about 50% by weight of the total weight of the foam formulation components or of the final flexible polyurethane foam product. The ratio of the polyol, the halogenated flame retardant component, the urea-formaldehyde resin soluble in water or alcohol to the dialkyl-N, N-bis (hydroxyalkyl) aminomethylphosphonate is about 100: 22: 2.25: 0.75. It is about 100: 14: 1.5: 0.5. The dialkyl group preferably contains about 1 to about 4 carbon atoms therein, for example, diethyl or diisopropyl. The hydroxyalkyl group is preferably 2-hydroxyethyl.
[0028]
The additive combination of the present invention is a pre-mixed, suitable for addition to a foam-forming reaction system to impart enhanced flame and dripping anti-burnout properties to a flexible, resilient polyurethane foam product. It can be a storage stable composition. The essential components of this additive combination include a polyol, a halogenated flame retardant, a water or alcohol soluble non-crosslinked urea-formaldehyde resin, and a dialkyl-N, N-bis (hydroxyalkyl) aminomethylphosphonate. However, various optional ingredients can be added to the additive combination. For example, the combination may include a polyether polyol. Other optional ingredients can be selected from solvents, diluents, colorants, stabilizers, cell openers, lubricants, biocides, and the like. Isocyanate foam reactants cannot be included.
[0029]
The additive combination may be used before or during the reaction by mixing it with the components forming the polyurethane foam in any order.
[0030]
The individual components, including the additive combinations, can be individually metered into the foam formulation as in the "one shot" method.
[0031]
The following examples describe various embodiments of the present invention. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification or practice of the invention disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
[0032]
【Example】
The flame retardant mixture used in the following examples was 94.0% by weight of FYROL EFF flame retardant, 5% by weight of CYMEL U-80 resin (butylated urea formaldehyde resin), 5% by weight of Cytec Chemicals, and FYROL 6 flame retardant. Contains 1% by weight of a flame retardant (diethyl bis (hydroxyethyl) aminomethyl phosphonate) FYROL EFF comprises 66% by weight of FYROL 99 flame retardant (chlorinated oligomeric phosphate-CAS # 109640-81-5) and 32.5% by weight of FYROL FR-2 flame retardant (tri (1,3-dichloropropyl-2). ) Phosphate-CAS # 13674-87-8) 1% by weight of epoxy resin (ERL-4224 brand-CAS # 2386-87-0) and 0.5% by weight of phenothiazine (CAS # 92-84-2) It is a blend.
[0033]
Flame retardant blend specifications:
Typical analysis items Appearance Amber% phosphorus 10.93%
% Chloride 30.55%
Acid value up to 0.2
Specific gravity 1.41
Viscosity (cps) 25 ° C 1400
Flash point 220 ° F
Fogging characteristics (110 ° C / 6 hours / 38 °) 83
Vapor pressure (400 ° F) 105 (see below) --- ASTM D2879
[0034]
[0035]
The following flame retardant test data was obtained using a typical polyether polyurethane foam with a nominal (nominal) density of 1.8 pounds / cubic foot (pcf). The formulations used to form the foam include:
A polyether polyol having 56 hydroxyl groups; a moisture level of 3.55; an amine level of 0.22; and an NCO index of 110. The flame retardant of the present invention has allowed the polyether polyurethane foam to meet UL-94 HF-1 test standards.
[0036]
[0037]
Based on the test results of the five samples, the substance is classified as HF-1, HF-2, or HBF. If only one of the five sets does not meet the requirements, the other five sets of samples are tested under the same conditions.
[0038]
The following table shows the formulation of polyurethane foams, including various flame retardants, including the blends of the present invention (designated "ULM").
[0039]
[0040]
The following table shows the results of the U-94HF test for a series of polyurethane foams containing each of the inventive flame retardant blends (ULM), tris (trichloroethyl) phosphate (FR-2) or melamine (APP). Show.
[0041]
[0042]
The following table shows the results of the UL-94HF test after aging (4 hours at 25 ° C.) of the indicated foam formulation.
[0043]
[0044]
The following table shows the results of the UL-94HF test of the indicated foam formulations before aging (7 hours at 70 ° C.).
[0045]
[0046]
The following table shows U-94HF test results for a series of polyurethane foams containing a blend of tris (trichloroethyl) phosphate (FR-2) and melamine (APP).
[0047]
Claims (8)
(b)水またはアルコールに可溶性の尿素−ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、及び
(c)ジアルキル−N、N−ビス(ヒドロキシアルキル)アミノメチルホスホネート
を含む、ポリウレタンフォームでの使用のための、炎及び滴下燃えさし防止ブレンド。(A) a main amount comprising a blend of (i) a large amount of an oligomeric halogenated organophosphorous flame retardant and (ii) a small amount of a monomeric halogenated organophosphorous flame retardant;
An anti-flame and drip embers blend for use in polyurethane foams comprising (b) a urea-formaldehyde resin soluble in water or alcohol, and (c) dialkyl-N, N-bis (hydroxyalkyl) aminomethylphosphonate. .
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US21351500P | 2000-06-22 | 2000-06-22 | |
PCT/US2001/019924 WO2001098401A1 (en) | 2000-06-22 | 2001-06-22 | Flame retardant blend for intumescent flexible polyurethane foam |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2004501255A true JP2004501255A (en) | 2004-01-15 |
Family
ID=22795388
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2002504355A Pending JP2004501255A (en) | 2000-06-22 | 2001-06-22 | Flame retardant for swelling flexible polyurethane foam |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1297062A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2004501255A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1437631A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2001270064A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2414004A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001098401A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005113661A1 (en) * | 2004-05-13 | 2005-12-01 | Ciba Specialty Chemicals Holding Inc. | Flame retardants |
DE102004056913A1 (en) * | 2004-11-25 | 2006-06-01 | Aik Flammadur Brandschutz Gmbh | Means and method for producing a fire protection element and fire protection element |
CA2609697A1 (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2007-01-04 | Supresta Llc | Flame-retardant flexible polyurethane foam |
CN101092535B (en) * | 2007-07-24 | 2010-08-18 | 海洋化工研究院 | Composition of spray coated flame retardant flexible polyurea |
JP5511821B2 (en) | 2008-08-27 | 2014-06-04 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | Flame retardant composition having polymeric dispersant |
EP2848640A1 (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2015-03-18 | LANXESS Deutschland GmbH | Phosphoric acid ester compositions with reduced hygroscopicity |
CN103497557A (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2014-01-08 | 北京工商大学 | Flame-retardant hard polyurethane foam |
CN104017164A (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2014-09-03 | 北京理工大学 | Temperature-sensitive intelligent waterproof moisture-permeable flame-retardant waterborne polyurethane coating agent and preparation method thereof |
CN106117491A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-11-16 | 重庆钱珑新科技有限公司 | Complete water base organic foam material of polyurethane and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4374207A (en) * | 1980-10-24 | 1983-02-15 | G.F.C. Foam Corporation | Intumescent flexible polyurethane foam |
US4407981A (en) * | 1980-12-19 | 1983-10-04 | Stauffer Chemical Company | Flame retardant mixture for polyurethanes |
US4433071A (en) * | 1982-12-14 | 1984-02-21 | Stauffer Chemical Company | Flame and dripping ember retardant flexible polyurethane foams |
US4514524A (en) * | 1984-07-13 | 1985-04-30 | Stauffer Chemical Company | Intumescent flexible polyurethane foam |
US4654105A (en) * | 1985-01-25 | 1987-03-31 | Stauffer Chemical Company | Process for producing laminated polyether urethane foam |
US4880844A (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1989-11-14 | Akzo America Inc. | Flame laminatable polyether urethane foam |
JP2755509B2 (en) * | 1991-10-16 | 1998-05-20 | 大八化学工業株式会社 | Flame retardant composition for polyurethane |
US5371166A (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1994-12-06 | The B. F. Goodrich Company | Polyurethane composition for use as a dispersing binder |
JP2000119658A (en) * | 1998-10-09 | 2000-04-25 | Constructora Fuego Cero Sa De Cv | Composition imparting ignition inhibiting property and flame retardancy to combustible material |
-
2001
- 2001-06-22 AU AU2001270064A patent/AU2001270064A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-06-22 JP JP2002504355A patent/JP2004501255A/en active Pending
- 2001-06-22 EP EP01948603A patent/EP1297062A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-06-22 CA CA002414004A patent/CA2414004A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-06-22 CN CN01811553A patent/CN1437631A/en active Pending
- 2001-06-22 WO PCT/US2001/019924 patent/WO2001098401A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1297062A1 (en) | 2003-04-02 |
CA2414004A1 (en) | 2001-12-27 |
AU2001270064A1 (en) | 2002-01-02 |
WO2001098401A1 (en) | 2001-12-27 |
CN1437631A (en) | 2003-08-20 |
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