JP2004310130A - Polarizing illuminator and projection type display device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To constitute a polarizing illuminator obtained by combining an integrator optical system with a polarized light changing optical system and having the high utilization efficiency of light so as to be small-sized and compact. <P>SOLUTION: The polarizing illuminator 1 is equipped with a light source part 2 emitting light whose polarization direction is random, a 1st lens plate 3 constituted of a plurality of rectangular condensing lenses having rectangular outside shape, condensing the light emitted from the light source, and forming a plurality of secondary light source images, and a 2nd lens plate 4 arranged near a position where a plurality of secondary light source images are formed, and equipped with a condensing lens array, a polarized light separation prism array 420, a λ/2 phase difference plate 430, and an emitting side lens 440. The polarized light is separated in a stage where the minute secondary light source image is formed by the 1st lens plate 3 constituting the integrator optical system. Consequently, the spatial spread of an optical path associated with the separation of the polarized light is restrained, so that the polarizing illuminator can be small-sized though it is equipped with the polarized light changing optical system. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a polarized light illuminating device that uniformly illuminates a rectangular illumination area or the like using polarized light having a uniform polarization direction. In addition, the present invention relates to a projection display device that modulates polarized light emitted from the polarized light illuminating device by a liquid crystal light valve to display an image on a screen in an enlarged manner.

  As an optical system for uniformly illuminating a rectangular illumination area such as a liquid crystal light valve, an integrator optical system using two lens plates has been conventionally known. The integrator optical system is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-111806, and has already been put to practical use as an illumination device of a projection display device using a liquid crystal light valve.

  The integrator optical system is, in principle, the same as that used for the exposure machine. The integrator optical system divides a light beam from a light source by a plurality of rectangular condenser lenses constituting a first lens plate, and An image (light source image) cut by the rectangular condenser lens is superimposed and formed on one illumination area via a second lens plate having a condenser lens group corresponding to each rectangular condenser lens. It is to make an image. In this optical system, the light source light use efficiency (illumination efficiency) is improved, and the intensity distribution of light illuminating the liquid crystal light valve can be made substantially uniform.

  On the other hand, in a general projection display device using a liquid crystal light valve of a type that modulates polarized light, since only one kind of polarized light can be used, about half of light from a light source that emits random polarized light is about half. Not used. Therefore, proposals have been made to increase the light use efficiency by making unused light available. A typical example mainly uses a polarization conversion optical system including a polarizing beam splitter and a λ / 2 retardation plate, as disclosed in pages 64 to 67 of EURODISPLAY '90 PROCEEDINGS. The polarization conversion optical system converts polarized light of a type that cannot be used by a liquid crystal light valve into polarized light of a type that can be used by the liquid crystal light valve, thereby increasing the efficiency of use of light from the light source.

  Here, by combining the above-described integrator optical system and polarization conversion optical system, it is possible to further improve the use efficiency of light from the light source light. However, when these are simply combined, the lateral width of the entire optical system is approximately doubled. Therefore, unless a very large-diameter projection lens having a small F-number is used, not only the light utilization efficiency in the projection display device cannot be improved, but also it is difficult to achieve miniaturization of the optical system.

  In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a small-sized and compact polarization illuminating device having high light use efficiency by combining an integrator optical system and a polarization conversion optical system.

  Another object of the present invention is to obtain a bright projected image without using a large-diameter projection lens having a small F-number by using such a small and compact polarized light illuminating device having high light use efficiency. It is an object of the present invention to realize a projection type display device which can perform the above.

  In order to solve the above problem, a polarized light illuminating device of the present invention includes a light source unit that emits light having a random polarization direction, and a plurality of rectangular condenser lenses having a rectangular outer shape. A lens plate for condensing the emitted light to form a plurality of secondary light source images, and a condensing lens array and a polarization separator disposed near a position where the plurality of secondary light source images are formed A configuration having a prism array and a polarization conversion element is employed. Further, the condensing lens array includes a plurality of condensing lenses, and the polarization splitting prism array converts each of the plurality of lights condensed by the plurality of rectangular condensing lenses into a pair of adjacent P-polarized lights and S light. And a plurality of reflection mirrors, and the polarization beam splitter and the reflection mirror are arranged in the size and shape of the plurality of secondary light source images. Corresponding dimensions and shapes are set, and the polarization conversion element aligns the polarization directions of the P-polarized light and the S-polarized light, and is arranged on the emission surface side of the polarization separation prism array. Has adopted.

  In the polarized light illuminating device of the present invention, a plurality of minute light beams (secondary light source images) are formed by the first lens plate including a plurality of minute rectangular condenser lenses, and these light beams are P-polarized light having different polarization directions. After being separated into light and S-polarized light, the polarization plane of one of the polarized lights or both polarized lights is rotated so that the polarization planes are aligned. Therefore, it is possible to irradiate one type of polarized light having a uniform polarization direction. Therefore, high-quality illumination light with high light use efficiency can be obtained.

  In addition, it is possible to construct a polarization illumination optical system simply by using a polarization beam splitter. However, in this case, the width of the entire optical system is approximately doubled, so that the size of the optical system can be reduced. Is extremely difficult. In the present invention, since the polarized light is separated using the process of generating a minute secondary light source image, which is a feature of the integrator optical system, the spatial spread of the optical path due to the separated polarized light can be suppressed. . Therefore, the polarization illuminating device can be reduced in size despite having the polarization conversion optical system.

  On the other hand, the projection type display device of the present invention is characterized by including the polarized light illuminating device having the above configuration as the illuminating device.

  In the polarized light illuminating device of the present invention, the condensing lens forming the second lens plate may have a similar shape to the rectangular condensing lens forming the first lens plate.

Instead, the size and shape of each of the condensing lenses constituting the second lens plate may be different. That is, the polarizing beam splitter on which these secondary light source images are formed in accordance with the size and shape of the secondary light source images formed by the respective rectangular condensing lenses constituting the first lens plate. Can be adopted to set the size and the shape of each of them.
In this case, each condensing lens constituting the second lens plate is also set to have a size and shape corresponding to the size and shape of the corresponding polarizing beam splitter.

  In this manner, each of the condenser lenses and the polarizing beam splitters is made to correspond to the size and shape of the secondary light source image to be formed, that is, to have a size and shape sufficient to include the secondary light source image. By setting the size and the shape, the light use efficiency can be improved. In addition, the illuminance distribution can be made uniform.

  Generally, a large secondary light source image is formed on the center side, which is closer to the system optical axis, and the smaller the secondary light source image is formed toward the periphery. Therefore, the condensing lens and the polarizing beam splitter on the center side may be made large, and those on the peripheral side may be made small.

  Here, condensing lenses having the same size and shape are used, and only each polarizing beam splitter is set so that their size and shape correspond to the secondary light source image to be formed. Is also good. Also in this case, the light use efficiency can be improved, and the illuminance distribution can be made uniform.

  Next, the light source section is arranged so that the light source optical axis forms a slight angle with respect to the system optical axis so that the secondary light source image formed by the first lens plate is located at the polarizing beam splitter. There is a need to. Instead, by disposing the variable-angle prism, the light source optical axis R can be matched with the system optical axis L, and the light source unit can be disposed without tilting. For example, a configuration in which a variable-angle lens is arranged between the light source unit and the first lens plate can be adopted. The variable-angle lens can be integrated with the first lens plate.

  Instead of using the variable-angle lens, the rectangular condensing lens constituting the first lens plate may be an eccentric lens. Instead, the condenser lens forming the condenser lens array on the side of the second lens plate may be an eccentric lens. When the condensing lens constituting the condensing lens array on the side of the second lens plate is an eccentric lens, the eccentric amount of each eccentric lens and the angle of the reflecting film of the reflecting mirror are adjusted to adjust the eccentric amount. The exit side lens which is a component of the second lens plate can be omitted.

  On the other hand, instead of configuring the optical system so that the light source optical axis of the light source unit is inclined with respect to the system optical axis, the following configuration is adopted to polarize the secondary light source image formed by the first lens plate. It can also be located at the beam splitter. In other words, the optical system may be configured such that the optical axis of the light source is translated with respect to the system optical axis by half the width of the polarization beam splitter in the arrangement direction of the polarization beam splitter. In this case, the first lens plate is also moved in the same direction by the same amount in parallel with the movement of the light source optical axis, and the center of the first lens plate is aligned with the light source optical axis.

  Note that the condenser lens constituting the condenser lens array of the second lens plate actually has a portion corresponding to the width of the polarizing beam splitter. Therefore, the width of each condenser lens may be set to at least a dimension equal to the width of the polarizing beam splitter.

  Further, as the λ / 2 retardation plate, a TN (twisted nematic) liquid crystal can be used.

  Next, the above-described polarization separation prism array has a rectangular prism-shaped prism composite in which a polarization separation film is formed inside as a polarization beam splitter, and a reflection film is formed inside as a reflection mirror. A configuration having a square prism-shaped prism composite can be adopted.

  In this case, the prism composite formed with the polarization splitting film and the prism composite formed with the reflection mirror can be arranged in a line in a direction perpendicular to the system optical axis.

  For example, a prism composite formed with a polarization splitting film and a prism composite formed with a reflection mirror are alternately arranged in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the system optical axis, and each of the polarization splitting films is used for system light. A configuration in which the components are arranged so as to have substantially the same inclination angle with respect to the axis can be adopted.

  Instead, a prism composite with a polarization splitting film and a prism composite with a reflecting mirror are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the system optical axis, and each of the polarization splitting films is aligned with the system optical axis. On both sides, a configuration may be adopted in which the light sources are arranged so as to have a symmetrical inclination angle with respect to the optical axis.

On the other hand, in the projection type display device of the present invention provided with the polarized light illuminating device of each of the above configurations, generally, a color light separating unit that separates a light beam from the polarized light illuminating device into at least two light beams, and a modulating unit. A color light combining means for combining the modulated light flux after the modulation, and projecting and displaying a combined light flux obtained by the color light combining means as a color image on a screen via a projection optical system.
[Example]
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Example 1)
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a principal part of the polarized light illuminating device according to the first embodiment as viewed in plan. The polarized light illuminating device 1 of the present example is generally constituted by a light source unit 2, a first lens plate 3, and a second lens plate 4 arranged along the system optical axis L. Light emitted from the light source unit 2 is condensed in the second lens plate 4 by the first lens plate 3, and in the process of passing through the second lens plate 4, randomly polarized light has the same polarization direction. The light is converted into one kind of polarized light and reaches the illumination area 5.

  The light source unit 2 includes a light source lamp 201 and a parabolic reflector 202. The randomly polarized light emitted from the light source lamp 201 is reflected in one direction by the parabolic reflector 202, and is incident on the first lens plate 3 as a substantially parallel light flux. Here, instead of the parabolic reflector 202, an elliptical reflector, a spherical reflector, or the like can be used. The light source optical axis R is inclined by a certain angle with respect to the system optical axis L.

  FIG. 2 shows the appearance of the first lens plate 3. As shown in this figure, the first lens plate 3 has a configuration in which a plurality of minute rectangular condenser lenses 301 having a rectangular outline are arranged vertically and horizontally. The light incident on the first lens plate 3 forms the same number of condensed images as the number of the rectangular condensing lenses 301 in a plane perpendicular to the system optical axis L by the condensing action of the rectangular condensing lens 301. Since the plurality of condensed images are nothing but the projection images of the light source lamps, they are hereinafter referred to as secondary light source images.

  Next, the second lens plate 4 of the present example will be described with reference to FIG. 1 again. The second lens plate 4 is a composite laminate including a condenser lens array 410, a polarization separation prism array 420, a λ / 2 retardation plate 430, and an exit lens 440, and is formed by the first lens plate 3. It is arranged in a plane perpendicular to the system optical axis L near the position where the secondary light source image is formed. The second lens plate 4 has a function as a second lens plate of the indexer optical system, a function as a polarization separation element, and a function as a polarization conversion element.

The condenser lens array 410 has substantially the same configuration as the first lens plate 3.
That is, a plurality of the same number of the condenser lenses 411 as the rectangular condenser lens 301 constituting the first lens plate 3 are arranged, and they have an action of condensing the light from the first lens plate 3. The condenser lens array 410 corresponds to a second lens plate of the integrator optical system.

  The condenser lens 411 constituting the condenser lens array 410 and the rectangular condenser lens 301 constituting the first lens plate 3 do not need to have exactly the same size, shape, and lens characteristics. It is desirable that each be optimized according to the characteristics of the light from the light source unit 2. However, the light incident on the polarizing beam prism array 420 is ideally such that the inclination of the principal ray is parallel to the system optical axis L. From this point, the condenser lens 411 has the same lens characteristics as the rectangular condenser lens 301 forming the first lens plate 3 or has the same shape as the rectangular condenser lens 301. It often has characteristics.

  FIG. 3 shows the appearance of the polarization separation prism array 420. As shown in this figure, the polarization separation prism array 420 includes a polarization beam splitter 421 composed of a prismatic prism composite having a polarization separation film inside, and a rectangular prism prism composite also having a reflection film inside. And a reflection mirror 422 composed of a plurality of reflection mirrors 422 as a basic structural unit, and a plurality of the pairs arranged in a plane (arranged in a plane on which a secondary light source image is formed). The pair of basic constituent units are regularly arranged so as to correspond to the condenser lens 411 constituting the condenser lens array 410. Further, the width Wp of one polarization beam splitter 421 is equal to the width Wm of one reflection mirror 422. Further, in this example, the values of Wp and Wm are set so as to be half the width of the condenser lens 411 constituting the condenser lens array 410, but the present invention is not limited to this.

  Here, the second lens plate 4 including the polarization separation prism array 420 is arranged so that the secondary light source image formed by the first lens plate 3 is located at the portion of the polarization beam splitter 421. For this purpose, the light source unit 2 is arranged such that the light source optical axis R makes a slight angle with respect to the system optical axis L.

  Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, random polarized light incident on the polarization splitting prism array 420 is separated by the polarizing beam splitter 421 into two kinds of polarized lights of P polarized light and S polarized light having different polarization directions. You. The P-polarized light passes through the polarization beam splitter 421 without changing the traveling direction. On the other hand, the S-polarized light is reflected by the polarization separation film 423 of the polarization beam splitter 421 to change the traveling direction by about 90 degrees, and is reflected by the reflection surface 424 of the adjacent reflection mirror 422 (a pair of reflection mirrors) to change the traveling direction. After being changed by about 90 degrees, the light is finally emitted from the polarization separation prism array 420 at an angle substantially parallel to the P-polarized light.

  A λ / 2 retardation plate 430 on which a λ / 2 retardation film 431 is regularly arranged is provided on the exit surface of the polarization separation prism array 420. That is, the λ / 2 retardation film 431 is disposed only on the exit surface of the polarization beam splitter 421 included in the polarization separation prism array 420, and the λ / 2 retardation film 431 is disposed on the exit surface of the reflection mirror 422. Not. Due to such an arrangement state of the λ / 2 retardation film 431, the P-polarized light emitted from the polarization beam splitter 421 is subjected to the rotating action of the polarization plane when passing through the λ / 2 retardation film 431, and the S-polarized light is rotated. Is converted to On the other hand, since the S-polarized light emitted from the reflection mirror 422 does not pass through the λ / 2 phase difference film 431, it does not undergo any rotation of the polarization plane and passes through the λ / 2 phase difference plate 430 as S-polarized light. . In summary, the polarization separation prism array 420 and the λ / 2 retardation plate 430 convert the randomly polarized light into one type of polarized light (in this case, S-polarized light).

  The light beam thus aligned to the S-polarized light is guided to the illumination area 5 by the exit lens 440, and is superimposed and coupled on the illumination area 5. That is, the image plane cut out by the first lens plate 3 is superimposed and formed on the illumination area 5 by the second lens plate 4. At the same time, random polarized light is spatially separated into two kinds of polarized lights having different polarization directions by the polarization separating prism array 420 in the middle, and when passing through the λ / 2 retardation plate 430, one kind of polarized light is And almost all light reaches the illumination area 5. Therefore, the illumination area 5 is almost uniformly illuminated with one type of polarized light.

  As described above, according to the polarized light illuminating device 1 of the present embodiment, the randomly polarized light emitted from the light source unit 2 is condensed by the first lens plate 3 on a predetermined minute area of the polarized light separating prism array 420. Then, after spatially separating into two types of polarized lights having different polarization directions, each polarized light is guided to a predetermined region of the λ / 2 retardation plate 430 to convert the P-polarized light into the S-polarized light. Therefore, there is an effect that the illumination region 5 can be irradiated with the randomly polarized light emitted from the light source 2 almost aligned with the S polarized light. In addition, since there is almost no light loss in the process of converting polarized light, there is a feature that the light source light utilization efficiency is extremely high.

  Further, in this example, the minute rectangular condenser lens 301 constituting the first lens plate 3 is formed into a horizontally long rectangular shape in accordance with the shape of the illumination region 5 which is a horizontally long rectangular shape. The two types of polarized light emitted from 420 are separated in the horizontal direction. Therefore, even when illuminating the illumination region 5 having a horizontally long rectangular shape, the illumination efficiency can be increased without wasting light.

  In general, when a polarization beam splitter is used to simply separate random polarized light into P-polarized light and S-polarized light, the width of the light beam emitted from the polarized beam splitter is doubled, and the optical system becomes larger accordingly. I will. However, in the polarized light illuminating device of the present invention, the process of generating a minute secondary light source image, which is a feature of the integrator optical system, is effectively used to absorb the spread of the light beam width caused by separating polarized light. As a result, the width of the light beam does not increase, and there is a feature that a small optical system can be realized.

(Example 2)
In the first embodiment, the light source unit 2 has its light source optical axis R with respect to the system optical axis L so that the secondary light source image formed by the first lens plate 3 is located at the polarization beam splitter 421. Although it was necessary to arrange the light source at a slight angle, the light source optical axis R can be aligned with the system optical axis L by disposing the variable angle prism, and the light source unit can be arranged without tilting.

  The polarization illuminating device 10 according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is an example using a variable-angle prism. As shown in this figure, in the polarized light illuminating device 10, the variable-angle prism 6 is arranged between the light source unit 2 and the first lens plate 3. The light that has entered the deflecting prism 6 from the light source unit 2 is slightly bent in the traveling direction by the deflecting prism, is incident on the first lens plate 3 with a certain angle that is not perpendicular, and is incident on the polarization beam splitter 421. Reach the position.

  Thus, the position of the secondary light source image formed by the first lens plate 3 can be set freely by installing the variable-angle prism 6. Therefore, the light source unit 2 can be arranged on the system optical axis L, and the production of the optical system becomes simpler and easier.

  Here, in the present example, the variable-angle prism 6 is integrated with the incident-side surface of the first lens plate 3. For this reason, the number of interfaces between the variable-angle prism 6 and the first lens plate 3 that causes light reflection loss can be reduced. By integrating the variable-angle prism 6 with the first lens plate 3, light from the light source unit 2 can be guided to the second lens plate 4 without loss.

(Example 3)
In order to be able to arrange the light source unit 2 which needs to be arranged slightly inclined with respect to the system optical axis L on the system optical axis L, in addition to the method shown in the second embodiment, It can also be realized by a method in which the rectangular condenser lens 301 constituting the first lens plate 3 is an eccentric lens. Embodiment 3 shown in FIG. 5 is a polarized light illuminating device having such a configuration.

  As shown in FIG. 5, in the illumination device 100 of the present example, the first lens plate 3 is configured by the eccentric minute condenser lens 310, and the principal ray of the light beam emitted from the first lens plate 3 is slightly inclined. It is set so that a secondary light source image is formed at a predetermined position of the polarizing beam splitter 421. For this reason, the light source unit 2 can be arranged on the system optical axis L, and the fabrication of the optical system becomes simpler and easier.

(Example 4)
Each of the second lens plates 4 used in the first to third embodiments includes a condenser lens array 410 and an emission-side lens 440. Since the light incident on the polarizing beam prism array 410 is ideally such that the inclination of the principal ray is parallel to the system optical axis L, the condensing lens array 421 has a rectangular shape forming the first lens plate 3. In many cases, the same lens as the condenser lens 301 is used, and the emission-side lens 440 converts a light beam passing through a different position on the second lens plate 4 away from the system optical axis L to a predetermined illumination area 5. Necessary for superimposing on top.

  However, by making the condensing lens array 410 an eccentric lens and devising an installation angle of the reflection surface 424 of the reflection mirror 422, the emission side lens 440 can be omitted. FIG. 6 shows a polarized light illuminating apparatus according to a fourth embodiment having this configuration.

  As shown in FIG. 6, in this example, the condensing lens array 410 is configured using the decentered condensing lenses 412 and 413, so that the P-polarized light passing through the polarizing beam splitter 421 in the condensing lens array 410 portion The chief ray of light can be directed to the center 51 of the illumination area. The luminous flux passing through the polarization beam splitter 421 at a position distant from the system optical axis L can be dealt with by increasing the amount of eccentricity of the eccentric focusing lens 412. On the other hand, even for the S-polarized light emitted through the polarizing beam splitter 421 and the reflecting mirror 422, the principal angle of the S-polarized light is illuminated by setting the setting angle of the reflecting surface 424 of the reflecting mirror 422 to an appropriate value. It can be directed to the center 51 of the area. Of course, in this case, it is necessary to individually optimize the setting angles of the reflecting surfaces according to the distance from the system optical axis L.

  With the above configuration, the emission side lens 440 becomes unnecessary, and the cost of the optical system can be reduced.

  Further, in the configuration in which the exit side lens is not used as in this example, the installation position of the condenser lens array 410 is not limited to the light source side of the polarization separation prism array 420, and the eccentric Depending on the lens characteristics of the system condenser lenses 412 and 413 and the arrangement angle of the polarization separation film 423 and the reflection film 424 of the polarization separation prism array 420, the condenser lens array 410 is closer to the illumination area 5 than the polarization separation prism array 420. It can also be installed in

(Example 5)
In the first to third embodiments, in each case, the light source unit 2 and the first lens plate 3 are arranged on the system optical axis L, and the direction of the light source unit 2 or the lens of the first lens plate 3 By adjusting the characteristics, a secondary light source image is formed at a predetermined position of the polarizing beam splitter 421. On the other hand, the same result can be obtained by moving the light source unit 2 and the first lens plate 3 in parallel with respect to the system optical axis.

  Furthermore, focusing on the lateral size (width) of the condenser lens 411 constituting the condenser lens array 410 of the second lens plate 4, the image forming position of the secondary light source image is always on the polarizing beam splitter 421. From the limitation, it can be seen that if the width of the condenser lens 411 is as large as the width Wp of the polarizing beam splitter 421, it functions sufficiently.

  A specific example incorporating the above contents is shown in FIG. 7 as a polarized light illumination device 300 according to the fifth embodiment. In this example, the direction in which the polarization beam splitter 421 exists in the polarization separation prism array 420 by a movement amount (= D) corresponding to １ ／ of the width Wp of the polarization beam splitter 421 with respect to the system optical axis L ( The light source unit 2 and the first lens plate 3 are arranged in a parallel movement (downward in the figure). Further, by using a condensing half lens 414 having a lens width (width) equal to the width Wp of the polarization beam splitter 421 and arranging it corresponding to the location of the polarization beam splitter, the collection of the second lens plate 4 is improved. An optical lens array 410 is configured.

  With the above configuration, the design of the optical system is facilitated and the cost of the optical system can be reduced.

(Modification of Embodiment 5)
In the fifth embodiment, focusing on the fact that the image forming position of the secondary light source image is always limited on the polarization beam splitter 421, the width of the condensing lens 411 is set to the width Wp of the polarization beam splitter 421. A converging half lens 414 of equal size is used. Such a condensing half lens 414 is manufactured by cutting both ends of a normal condensing lens, for example, the condensing lens 411 shown in Embodiments 1 to 3 described above.

  However, in some cases, the use of the ordinary condenser lens 411 as shown in Embodiments 1 to 3 may be more advantageous than the adoption of the condenser half lens 414 in terms of cost and the like.

  FIG. 8 illustrates a configuration example in which the condensing lens 411 used in the first to third embodiments is used in place of the condensing half lens 414 in consideration of this point. The overall configuration of the polarized light illuminating device 300A shown in this drawing is the same as that of the polarized light illuminating device 300 according to the fifth embodiment. The difference is that the condensing lens constituting the condensing lens array 410 is not a half lens but a condensing lens 411 similar to those used in the first to third embodiments. This means that the lens 411 is located at a position shifted by half the width Wp of the polarization beam splitter 421 in the width direction.

(Example 6)
In each of the above-described embodiments, the polarization separation film 423 of the polarization beam splitter 421 and the reflection surface 424 of the reflection mirror 422 formed on the polarization separation prism array 420, which is one of the components of the second lens plate 4, , Are inclined in the same direction with respect to the system optical axis L. Instead of employing this configuration, a configuration in which the inclination directions of the polarization separation film 423 and the reflection film 424 are symmetrical with respect to the system optical axis L may be employed.

  FIG. 9 shows a polarized light illuminating device 500 in which a polarized light separating prism array having this configuration is incorporated. The polarized light illuminating device 500 of the present example is also generally constituted by the light source unit 2, the first lens plate 3, and the second lens plate 4 arranged along the system optical axis L, similarly to the above-described embodiments. . Light emitted from the light source unit 2 is condensed in the second lens plate 4 by the first lens plate 3, and in the process of passing through the second lens plate 4, randomly polarized light has the same polarization direction. The light is converted into one kind of polarized light and reaches the illumination area 5.

  In the first lens plate 3 of the polarized light illuminating device 500, a minute condensing lens 311 composed of an eccentric lens is arranged on the side of the system optical axis L which is the center side, and a normal minute condensing lens 311 is arranged outside thereof. The lenses 312 are arranged. The minute condenser lens 311 composed of an eccentric lens is arranged axially symmetrically with respect to the system optical axis L so as to achieve uniform brightness in the illumination area 5.

  The second lens plate 4 includes a condensing lens array 410, a polarization splitting prism array 420, a λ / 2 retardation plate 430, and an emission side lens 440 from the light incident side in the same manner as in the above-described embodiments. They are arranged in order. The second lens plate 4 is arranged in a plane perpendicular to the system optical axis L near a position where the secondary light source image is formed by the first lens plate 3.

  In the condensing lens array 410, a condensing lens 415 also formed of an eccentric lens is disposed near a position where a secondary light source image is formed by each minute condensing lens 311 formed of an eccentric lens of the first lens plate 3. . In the vicinity of the position where the secondary light source image is formed by each minute condenser lens 312 on the first lens plate 3, a normal concentric condenser lens 416 is arranged. Here, each of the condensing lenses 415 and 416 constituting the condensing lens array 410 is set to a size sufficient to include the secondary light source image formed here. That is, the secondary light source image formed on the center side of the system optical axis L is larger than the secondary light source image formed on the outer peripheral side. For this reason, in this example, the decentered condensing lens 415 located on the system optical axis L side, that is, the center side of the condensing lens array 410 is compared with the condensing lens 416 located on the peripheral side. Large size.

  As described above, the size of the condensing lenses 415 and 416 constituting the condensing lens array 410 on the side of the second lens plate 4 is changed between the size on the center side and the size on the peripheral side of the second lens plate. Then, the dimensions of the polarization beam splitters 421A and 421B and the reflection mirrors 422A and 422B formed on the polarization separation prism array 420 arranged on the emission side of the condenser lens array 410 correspond to this. The central side has a larger size than the peripheral side.

  Further, in the polarizing prism array 410 of the present example, a polarizing beam splitter 421A in which a polarization separating film 423A is formed is disposed in a state symmetrical in the width direction with respect to the system optical axis L as a center. On both sides, a reflection mirror 422A having a reflection film 424A formed therein is disposed. Further, a reflection mirror 422B of a small size is arranged on each of these sides. The reflection film 424B formed on these small-size reflection mirrors 422B is inclined in the opposite direction to the reflection film 424A of the large-size reflection mirror 422A located inside. Small-sized polarizing beam splitters 421B are arranged on both sides of the small-sized reflecting mirror 422B having this configuration. The polarization separation films 423B formed on the polarization beam splitters 421B are also inclined in the opposite direction to the polarization separation films 423A of the large-sized polarization beam splitters 421A located inside.

  As described above, in accordance with the position and size of the secondary light source image formed by the first lens plate 3, the condensing lens forming the condensing lens array 410 and the polarized light forming the polarization splitting prism array 420 By optimizing the dimensions and shapes of the beam splitter and the reflecting mirror, the utilization efficiency of the light from the light source can be further improved and the second lens plate 4 can be downsized.

(Example 7)
In the sixth embodiment, the size of each condensing lens constituting the condensing lens array 410 of the second lens plate 4 according to the size of the secondary light source image formed by the first lens plate 3 The shape is set. Similarly, the dimensions and shapes of the polarization beam splitters and the reflection mirrors constituting the polarization separation prism array 420 are set.

  However, the condensing lens array 410 is formed by using condensing lenses having the same size and shape, and the size of each prism constituting the polarization separating prism array 420, that is, the polarization beam splitter and the reflection Only the size and shape of the mirror may correspond to the size of the secondary light source image.

  FIG. 10 shows an example of a polarized light illuminating device having this configuration. The polarized light illuminating device 600 shown in this figure has basically the same configuration as the polarized light illuminating device 300A which is a modification of the fifth embodiment described above. Therefore, the characteristic portions will be described below.

  In the polarized light illuminating device 600 of this example, the condenser lens array 410 forming the second lens plate 4 is composed of condenser lenses 416A to 416D having the same shape and the same dimensions.

  However, the sizes of the polarization beam splitter and the reflection mirror formed on the polarization separation prism array 420 are changed according to the size of the secondary light source image formed. That is, since the secondary light source image formed on the center side on the side of the system optical axis L is large, a large polarizing beam splitter 425A and a reflection mirror 425B are arranged correspondingly. On the other hand, on the peripheral side far from the system optical axis L, the formed secondary light source image is relatively small, and accordingly, a relatively small polarizing beam splitter 426A and a reflection mirror 426B are arranged correspondingly. I have.

  Here, the lenses 314A to 314D constituting the first lens plate 3 and the condenser lenses 416A to 416D constituting the condenser lens array 410 on the second lens plate 4 side Eccentric lenses are used for some of the lenses. Further, similarly to the above-described fifth embodiment, an arrangement is employed in which the light source optical axis R is translated from the system optical axis L by a fixed distance D in parallel. The first lens plate 3 is also translated in the same direction by the same amount so that its center coincides with the optical axis of the light source.

  By employing these configurations, a secondary light source image obtained via the first lens plate 3 can be formed on the polarizing beam splitter.

  The value of the distance D in FIG. 10, which of the condenser lenses 314A to 314D, and which of the condenser lenses 416A to 416D are eccentric, and the amount of eccentricity of the used eccentric lens Depends on the design of the optical system. Therefore, these items are not uniquely determined, but are to be determined according to each specific device configuration.

  In this example, the condensing lenses 416A to 416D constituting the condensing lens array 410 on the side of the second lens plate 4 use concentric lenses. However, as described above, the condensing lenses 416A to 416D having the same shape and the same size are bonded to the polarizing beam splitters 425A and 426A having different sizes, and therefore, their centers are shifted. Therefore, as a result, these concentric focusing lenses 416A to 416D are equivalent to using an eccentric lens.

  As described above, the polarized light illumination device 600 includes the condenser lenses 416A to 416D having a size corresponding to the size of the secondary light source image to be formed. According to this configuration, as in the case of the sixth embodiment, the light use efficiency can be improved.

  In this example, the condenser lens array 410 of the second lens plate 4 is composed of condenser lenses 416A to 416D having the same shape and the same dimensions. Therefore, there is also an advantage that the manufacturing of the condenser lens array is easy.

(Projection Display Device Using Polarized Lighting Device of Example 1)
FIG. 11 shows an example of a projection display device in which the polarized light illuminating device 100 shown in FIG. 5 is incorporated among the polarized light illuminating devices of the first to sixth embodiments.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the polarization illuminating device 100 of the projection display device 3400 of this example includes a light source unit 2 that emits randomly polarized light in one direction, and the random polarized light emitted from the light source unit 2. After being condensed by the first lens plate 3 and guided to a predetermined position on the second lens plate 4, two types of polarized light are separated by the polarization separation prism array 420 in the second lens plate 4. Separated into light. Further, among the separated polarized lights, the P-polarized light is converted into the S-polarized light by the λ / 2 retardation plate 430.

  First, in the blue-green reflecting dichroic mirror 3401, red light is transmitted, and blue light and green light are reflected from the light beam emitted from the polarized light illumination device 100. The red light is reflected by the reflection mirror 3402 and reaches the first liquid crystal light valve 3403. On the other hand, of the blue light and the green light, the green light is reflected by the green reflecting dichroic mirror 3404 and reaches the second liquid crystal light valve 3405.

  Here, since the blue light has the longest optical path length among the respective color lights, for the blue light, a light guide constituted by a relay lens system including the incident side lens 3406, the relay lens 3408, and the exit side lens 3410 is used. Means 3450 are provided. That is, after transmitting the blue light through the green reflecting dichroic mirror 3404, the blue light is first guided to the relay lens 3408 via the incident side lens 3406 and the reflecting mirror 3407, is focused on the relay lens 3408, and is then reflected by the reflecting mirror 3409. The light is guided to the emission side lens 3410, and then reaches the third liquid crystal light valve 3411. Here, the first to third liquid crystal light valves 3403, 3405, and 3411 modulate the respective color lights and include video information corresponding to each color, and then convert the modulated color lights into a dichroic prism 3413 (color combining means). Incident on. In the dichroic prism 3413, a dielectric multilayer film for red reflection and a dielectric multilayer film for blue reflection are formed in a cross shape, and synthesize modulated light beams. The light flux synthesized here passes through the projection lens 3414 (projection unit) to form an image on the screen 3415.

  In the projection display device 3400 configured as described above, a liquid crystal light valve that modulates one type of polarized light is used. Therefore, when a randomly polarized light is guided to a liquid crystal light valve using a conventional lighting device, half of the randomly polarized light is absorbed by a polarizing plate (not shown) and converted into heat. However, there is a problem that a large cooling device which suppresses heat generation of the polarizing plate and has a large noise is required. However, in the device 3400 of this example, such a problem is greatly improved.

  That is, in the projection display device 3400 of the present example, in the polarized light illuminating device 100, only one polarized light, for example, only the P-polarized light, is given a rotating action of the polarization plane by the λ / 2 retardation plate 430, and the other is polarized. It is assumed that polarized light, for example, S-polarized light and the plane of polarization are aligned. Therefore, since the polarized light having the uniform polarization direction is guided to the first to third liquid crystal light valves 3403, 3405, and 3411, the light absorption by the polarizing plate is very small, and thus the light use efficiency is improved, A bright projection image can be obtained.

  Further, since the amount of light absorbed by the polarizing plate is reduced, a rise in temperature at the polarizing plate is suppressed. Therefore, the cooling device can be reduced in size and noise can be reduced, and a high-performance projection display device can be realized.

  Further, in the polarized light illuminating device 100, the second lens plate 4 separates two types of polarized light in the horizontal direction according to the shape of the condenser lens 411. Therefore, an illumination area having a horizontally long rectangular shape can be formed without wasting light quantity. Therefore, the polarized light illumination device 100 is suitable for a horizontally long liquid crystal light valve that is easy to see and can project a powerful image.

  As described with respect to the first embodiment, in the polarized light illuminating device 100 of the present example, the spread of the light beam emitted from the polarization conversion prism array 420 is suppressed despite the incorporation of the polarization conversion optical element. . This means that when illuminating the liquid crystal light valve, almost no light enters the liquid crystal light valve with a large angle. Therefore, a bright projected image can be realized without using an extremely large-diameter projection lens having a small F-number.

  Further, in this example, since the dichroic prism 3413 is used as the color synthesizing means, the size can be reduced. Further, since the optical path length between the liquid crystal light valves 3403, 3405, 3411 and the projection lens 3414 is short, a bright projection image can be realized even if a projection lens having a relatively small aperture is used. In addition, each color light has a different optical path length only in one optical path among the three optical paths. In this example, for blue light having the longest optical path length, the incident side lens 3406, the relay lens 3408, and the emission side lens 3410 Since there is provided the light guide means 3450 constituted by a relay lens system consisting of

  Note that the projection display device can also be configured by a mirror optical system using two dichroic mirrors for the color combining means. Of course, even in that case, it is possible to incorporate the polarized light illuminating device of this example, and it is possible to form a bright, high-quality projected image with excellent light use efficiency as in the case of this example.

(Other embodiments)
In each of the above embodiments, for example, the P-polarized light is aligned with the S-polarized light by the polarization splitting means. However, the polarization direction may be aligned with any direction. Further, a phase difference layer may impart a rotating action on the polarization plane to both the P-polarized light and the S-polarized light to make the polarization planes uniform.

  On the other hand, in each embodiment, it is assumed that the λ / 2 retardation plate is made of a general polymer film. However, these retardation plates may be configured using a twisted nematic liquid crystal (TN liquid crystal). When the TN liquid crystal is used, the wavelength dependence of the retardation plate can be reduced, so that the polarization conversion performance of the λ / 2 retardation plate can be improved as compared with the case where a general polymer film is used. .

  As described above, in the polarized light illuminating device according to the present invention, it is possible to irradiate the irradiated region with polarized light having a uniform polarization direction. Therefore, when the polarization illuminating device according to the present invention is used for a projection display device using a liquid crystal light valve, polarized light having a uniform polarization plane can be supplied to the liquid crystal light valve, so that the light use efficiency is improved. Thus, the brightness of the projected image can be improved. Further, since the amount of light absorbed by the polarizing plate is reduced, a rise in temperature at the polarizing plate is suppressed. Therefore, the cooling device can be reduced in size and noise can be reduced.

  Further, in the present invention, the spatial spread caused by the separation of polarized light is avoided by utilizing a process of generating a minute secondary light source image which is a feature of the integrator optical system. Therefore, in spite of the optical system having the polarization conversion element, the size of the device can be suppressed to the same size as the conventional lighting device.

  Furthermore, since a polarization beam splitter provided with a thermally stable dielectric multilayer film is used as the polarization separation means, the polarization separation performance of the polarization separation unit is thermally stable. For this reason, a stable polarization separation performance can always be exhibited even in a projection display device requiring a large light output.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an optical system of a polarized light illumination device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a first lens plate in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the polarization splitting prism array of FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an optical system of a polarized light illumination device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an optical system of a polarized light illumination device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an optical system of a polarized light illumination device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an optical system of a polarized light illumination device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the modification of the polarized light illuminating device shown in FIG. FIG. 13 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an optical system of a polarized light illumination device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an optical system of a polarized light illumination device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of an optical system showing an example of a projection display device incorporating the polarized light illumination device of FIG. 5.

Explanation of reference numerals

1, 10, 100, 200, 300, 300A, 400, 500, 600
Polarized illumination device 2 Light source 3 First lens plate 301 Rectangular condenser lens 310, 311, 312, 314 A to 314 D Rectangular condenser lens 4 Second lens plate 410 Condenser lens array 411, 412, 413 Condenser lens 414 Condensing half mirror 415 Eccentric condensing lenses 416, 416A to 416D Condensing lens 420 Polarization separating prism arrays 421, 421A, 421B, 425A, 426A Polarizing beam splitters 422, 422A, 422B, 425B, 426B Reflecting mirrors 423, 423A , 423B Polarization separation films 424, 424A, 424B Reflection film 430 λ / 2 retardation plate 440 Emission lens 5 Illumination area 6 Variable prism 3400 Projection display device 3401 Blue-green reflection dichroic mirror 3402 Reflection mirror 3403 Liquid crystal light valve 3 404 Dichroic mirror 3405 Liquid crystal light valve 3405
3406 Incident side lens 3407 Reflective mirror 3408 Relay lens 3450 Light guide 3410 Outgoing side lens 3409 Reflective mirror 3411 Liquid crystal light valve 3413 Dichroic prism 3414 Projection lens (projection means)
3415 screen

Claims (25)

A light source section for emitting light having a random polarization direction,
A lens plate configured of a plurality of rectangular condensing lenses having a rectangular outer shape and condensing light emitted from the light source unit to form a plurality of secondary light source images;
A condenser lens array, a polarization separation prism array, and a polarization conversion element, which are arranged near positions where the plurality of secondary light source images are formed,
The condenser lens array is composed of a plurality of condenser lenses,
The polarization splitting prism array separates each of the plurality of lights condensed by the plurality of rectangular condensing lenses into a pair of adjacent P-polarized light and S-polarized light, and includes a plurality of polarization beam splitters. And a plurality of reflection mirrors,
The polarizing beam splitter and the reflection mirror are set to a size and shape corresponding to the size and shape of the plurality of secondary light source images,
The polarization conversion element aligns the polarization directions of the P-polarized light and the S-polarized light, and is disposed on the emission surface side of the polarization separation prism array.
A polarized light illumination device characterized by the above-mentioned.   2. The polarized light illumination device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of condensing lenses constituting the condensing lens array are set to have dimensions and shapes corresponding to the size and shape of the secondary light source image.   3. The polarized light illuminating device according to claim 1, wherein the condenser lens array is arranged on a light incident side of the polarized light separating prism array.   4. The polarization illuminating device according to claim 3, further comprising an emission side lens disposed on a light emission side of the polarization conversion element.   4. The polarization illuminating apparatus according to claim 3, wherein at least one of the plurality of condenser lenses constituting the condenser lens array is an eccentric lens.   3. The polarization illuminating device according to claim 1, wherein the condenser lens array is arranged on a light exit side of the polarization conversion element.   7. The polarization illuminating apparatus according to claim 6, wherein at least one of the plurality of condenser lenses constituting the condenser lens array is an eccentric lens.   8. The polarized light illuminating device according to claim 1, wherein a lateral width of the condenser lens forming the condenser lens array is equal to a lateral width of the polarization beam splitter.   9. The polarized light illuminating device according to claim 1, wherein the rectangular condenser lens has a horizontally long rectangular shape.   The polarized light illumination according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the condenser lens constituting the condenser lens array has a shape similar to the rectangular condenser lens constituting the lens plate. apparatus. The light emitted from the light source unit is condensed to form a plurality of secondary light source images, and the light forming the plurality of secondary light source images is superimposed on the illumination area by a condenser lens array and / or a lens. A polarized lighting device,
Each of the light forming the plurality of secondary light source images is converted into a pair of adjacent P-polarized light and S-polarized light by a polarization splitting prism array including a plurality of polarization beam splitters and a plurality of reflection mirrors arranged alternately. Separated into light and
The polarization directions of the pair of adjacent P-polarized light and S-polarized light are aligned by a polarization conversion element,
The polarizing beam splitter and the reflecting mirror are set to a size and shape corresponding to the size and shape of the plurality of secondary light source images,
A polarized light illumination device characterized by the above-mentioned.   12. The polarized light illuminating apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the plurality of condenser lenses constituting the condenser lens array are set to have dimensions and shapes corresponding to the size and shape of the secondary light source image.   13. The polarized light illuminating device according to claim 11, wherein the condenser lens array is arranged on a light incident side of the polarized light separating prism array.   14. The polarization illuminating device according to claim 13, wherein the lens is disposed on a light exit side of the polarization conversion element.   14. The polarized light illuminating device according to claim 13, wherein at least one of the plurality of condenser lenses constituting the condenser lens array is an eccentric lens.   13. The polarization illuminating device according to claim 11, wherein the condenser lens array is arranged on a light exit side of the polarization conversion element.   17. The polarized light illuminating apparatus according to claim 16, wherein at least one of the plurality of condenser lenses constituting the condenser lens array is an eccentric lens.   18. The polarized light illuminating device according to claim 11, wherein a lateral width of the condenser lens forming the condenser lens array is equal to a lateral width of the polarization beam splitter.   The polarization separation prism array according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the polarization separation prism array includes, as the polarization beam splitter, a square prism-shaped prism composite in which the polarization separation film is formed. A polarized light illuminating device, comprising a square prism-shaped prism composite having a reflection film formed therein as the reflection mirror.   20. The polarization illuminating device according to claim 1, wherein the polarization conversion element is formed of a retardation plate.   21. The polarization illuminating apparatus according to claim 20, wherein the retardation plate is a λ / 2 retardation plate.   20. The polarization illuminating device according to claim 1, wherein the polarization conversion element is formed of a twisted nematic liquid crystal.   23. A projection display device comprising: the polarization illuminating device according to claim 1; and modulating and projecting a light beam from the polarization illuminating device.   23. A polarization illuminating device according to claim 1, and a modulating means comprising a liquid crystal light valve for modulating polarized light included in a light beam from the polarized illuminating device to include image information. And a projection optical system for projecting and displaying a modulated light beam. In claim 24, further comprising a color light separating unit that separates the light beam from the polarized light illumination device into two or more light beams, and a color light combining unit that combines the modulated light beams after being modulated by the modulation unit, A projection display device, wherein a combined light beam obtained by the color light combining means is projected and displayed via the projection optical system.

Images