JP2004212038A - Air conditioning ventilation system for building - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air conditioning and ventilation system having a floor heating and cooling function for a building applicable to a building such as a detached house, a multiple dwelling house, or a high rise building. <P>SOLUTION: The air conditioning ventilation system for a building is composed so that air conditioning, floor cooling and heating, and ventilation of the building are carried out by passing air sucked in by a fan through a heat storage layer provided below a floor of the building, carrying out temperature adjustment, air cleaning, and humidification, and circulating the air indoors. In the air conditioning ventilation system, a porous material having a radiation function of far infrared radiation and a growth ray is used in the heat storage layer, and at the same time, a water cooled or a hot water heated heat exchanger is arranged between the fan and the heat storage layer to cool or heat the air. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an air conditioning and ventilation system for a building that can be applied to buildings such as a detached house, an apartment house, and a building. Concerning the air-conditioning and ventilation systems of buildings capable of healthy and comfortable temperature control and humidity control and floor heating / cooling functions by using materials and at the same time combining geothermal energy such as ground heat or surface heat with a water flow heat exchanger It is.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, an air conditioning system for a building using both ground heat and circulating water flow has been proposed in Patent Document 1 and the like.
In this method, when taking in outdoor air into a double structure underground pipe buried underground and exchanging heat with ground heat, circulating water flow is sprayed onto the air flow passing through the underground pipe and cooled. An air conditioning system that simultaneously performs heat storage and purification through a slab layer formed under the floor of a building to supply air to the interior of the building.

Patent Document 1 discloses a method of supplementarily heating and cooling circulating air using a circulating water flow. For example, in summer, water is showered from a nozzle provided at a position halfway through an underground pipe. -Cool the air by spraying or spraying water in the form of a mist and collect the water collected at the bottom again and circulate it to the nozzle, or in winter, use hot water heated by a water heater installed outdoors There is a method of supplementarily heating air passing through the underground pipe by spraying air from the underground pipe.

However, there are restrictions on the transfer speed of heat exchange between the double-layered underground pipe buried underground and the outdoor air, or the heat transfer capacity between the circulating water flow and the air. In some cases, the air supplied to the room after passing through the bedrock layer is not necessarily controlled for humidity and temperature efficiently.

In addition, regarding floor cooling and heating of a building, a method in which a heat exchange pipe having good heat conductivity is cut into the floor plate and mounted or a method of incorporating the heat exchange pipe between the floor plate and the floor plate in a stacked state is generally adopted. It takes time to process floorboards.

JP-A-11-295655

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and does not provide a healthy and comfortable air-conditioning system or ventilation system that can efficiently control the humidity and temperature of air supplied to the interior of a building and also has a floor cooling and heating function. It is assumed that.

The above problem can be solved by the following means (1) to (5).
That is,
(1) The air sucked by the fan is passed through a porous heat storage layer provided under the floor of the building to control the temperature, purify the air, and adjust the humidity.The air is circulated indoors to control the air conditioning, ventilation, and floor cooling and heating of the building. In a building air-conditioning and ventilation system, a porous material having a far-infrared radiation function is used for the heat storage layer, and a heat exchanger controlled by water cooling or hot water is disposed between the fan and the heat storage layer to form the air. Air-conditioning ventilation system for buildings, characterized by cooling or heating.
(2) The porous material having the far-infrared radiation function is zeolite, petalite, trimarin, wood comb clay, iron oxide, titanium oxide, lava, alumina, zirconia, titania, cordierite, spodumene, aluminum titanate, quartz, The building air-conditioning ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein the system is silicon carbide, silicon carbide, silica stone, glass, or ceramic charcoal.
(3) The method according to the above (1) or (2), wherein the air sucked by the fan is passed through a double-walled underground pipe buried inside and outside the building to control the temperature and dehumidify in advance. Building air conditioning ventilation system.
(4) The air conditioning and ventilation system for a building according to (1) to (3), wherein the water for cooling and heating the heat exchanger is groundwater, tap water, solar hot water, or boiler hot water.
(5) The heat exchanger has independent independent inlets and outlets, and each of the inlets and outlets has a structure capable of simultaneously or separately flowing different types of water flows from any of the above (1) to (4). The described building air conditioning ventilation system.

  The air-conditioning and ventilation system of the present invention is obtained by loading a porous material having a function of radiating far-infrared radiation into a sedimentary layer under a floor of a building, and combining a geothermal heat or a surface heat and a water flow heat exchanger using natural energy as a heat medium. It is characterized by its ability to control the temperature to 12-28 ° C. and the humidity to 40-80% throughout the four seasons, to regulate the humidity and to cool and heat the floor, making a great contribution to healthy and comfortable home energy saving.

The structure of the present invention and its function will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2 are diagrams for explaining the overall structure and operation and function of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an air conditioning system in the case of using both underground heat and a heat exchanger.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a ventilation system using surface heat and a heat exchanger.

First, the operation and function of the air conditioning system in which the underground heat and the heat exchanger are used together will be described.
In the present invention, by burying underground pipes throughout the four seasons, it is possible to utilize underground heat having a substantially constant underground temperature (15 to 20 ° C.).

In FIG. 1, hot and humid air is sucked from an air inlet 1 through an outside air introduction pipe 2 by a fan unit 3 installed under the floor of a building.
The outside air introduction pipe 2 has a double-pipe structure as shown in FIG. 1 and has a structure in which an inner pipe is inserted into an outer pipe whose tip is sealed, and the tip of the inner pipe is open. It is buried vertically in the ground with an appropriate gap between the pipe and the inner pipe.
The air flow enters the gap between the outer tube and the inner tube through the hole of the outer tube, descends the gap, collides with the sealing portion at the lower end, changes the direction, and rises the inner tube. The upper part of the inner pipe is connected to the fan unit 3 by an intake pipe.

The surface of the outer tube is maintained at a geothermal temperature (15 to 20 ° C.) throughout the four seasons, and the passing air undergoes heat exchange by geothermal heat.
For example, in summer, air at an outside air temperature of 30 to 35 ° C. is cooled to about 26 to 28 ° C., and moisture in the air is condensed on the inner surface of the pipe to perform the first stage dehumidification. Condensed water collected at the bottom of the pipe is pumped up and discharged outside.
In winter, air having an outside air temperature of 5 to 10 ° C. is dried to about 12 to 16 ° C., and moisture in the air evaporates and humidifies inside the pipe when passing through the pipe.

Efficient cooling and dehumidification of air containing a lot of moisture can be solved by increasing the number of underground pipes to be buried in advance or increasing the length of buried underground pipes. Not.

In order to improve the heat transfer efficiency of cooling and drying on the inner surface of the pipe, it is extremely effective to increase the surface area of the inner surface of the outer tube. For example, a method of attaching fins to the inner surface or processing the pipe into a corrugated shape in the length direction of the pipe is effective.

  However, the air during the rainy season is particularly hot and humid, and even though it has been cooled and dehumidified by geothermal heat, it is not always sufficient, and it still remains unpleasant because it contains a lot of moisture.

In the present invention, in order to efficiently cool and dehumidify the air containing a large amount of moisture, a flow heat exchanger 4 for cooling by passing cold ground water through the discharge side of the fan unit 3 in summer is installed. The air containing much moisture is brought into contact with the exchanger to exchange heat, thereby cooling and dehumidifying the air again.
The temperature of groundwater is the same as the underground heat temperature (15 to 20 ° C) throughout the four seasons, and this groundwater is passed through a heat exchanger to increase the number of underground pipes described above or to lengthen the buried underground pipes. The effect can be obtained.

As described above, the heat medium of the liquid circulated through the water-jet heat exchanger 4 is most preferably groundwater in summer, and in winter, warm groundwater, hot water from a solar water heater or hot water heated by a boiler is used. May be water. These may be used in combination as needed. For example, a fin plate previously heated with ground water and a fin plate heated with boiler hot water may be separately installed to exchange heat with circulating air.

FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show structural diagrams of the water flow heat exchanger.
FIG. 3 is a structural diagram in the case of passing one type of heat medium water, and FIG. 4 is a structural diagram in the case of passing two types of heat medium water.

In FIG. 3, groundwater is passed through a copper pipe from the cold water inlet shown in FIG. 3 (b) and discharged from the cold water outlet. On the other hand, the air flows from the fin plate on the near side in FIG.
The condensed water in the air cooled and gradually humidified by heat exchange during water cooling is discharged out of the system through a drain pipe from a condensed water outlet below the heat exchanger.

FIG. 4 is a structural view when two types of heat medium water are passed. When two types of heat medium water are used in combination, the structure may be such that water is passed through separate cold water inlets and discharged from separate cold water outlets. There is no problem even if the heat exchangers of FIG. 3 are connected in series.

The air that has been cooled and gradually humidified again by the water-jet heat exchanger 4 blows out through a suction pipe 5 having a plurality of holes to a packed layer of a porous material having a far-infrared heat radiation function.

The far-infrared heat-radiating porous material is piled under the floor to a deposition thickness of 40 to 50 cm from the surface. The upper surface of the 1F sedimentary layer is air-tight with the foundation floor or floor of the slab concrete.

The porous material contains a large amount of air and has low heat conductivity because of little heat transfer, but emits heat, that is, far-infrared rays and growing light rays due to electromagnetic waves.
An object emits far-infrared rays and growing light rays, which are electromagnetic waves dependent on molecular motion. The mechanisms of the generation include cold radiation and heat radiation.

When this porous material is heated or cooled by air conditioned through a water-jet heat exchanger, far-infrared rays and growing light rays that are invisible to the naked eye are emitted, and far-infrared rays and growing light rays are furthermore exposed to the soil clearance on the upper surface of the deposition layer. Energy is absorbed by hitting the foundation floor and floor surface, and high thermal energy is retained. For this reason, the floor has a cooling and heating function.
Since emissivity is related to absorptance, a rough surface has a higher emissivity than a rough surface .

Examples of porous materials having a far-infrared radiation function include zeolite, petalite, trimarin, wood comb clay, iron oxide, titanium oxide, lava, alumina, zirconia, titania, cordierite, spodumene, aluminum titanate, quartz, and silicon carbide. , Silicon carbide, silica, glass, ceramic charcoal, and the like, and boring stone, which is a general building material, can be used sufficiently because it has a far-infrared ray and growing light radiation function.

A gap exists between the deposited porous materials, and the blown cooling air is kept warm by the heat storage effect of the porous material even when passing through the gap between the porous materials.
The air passing through the radiator is maintained at a temperature of 26 to 28 ° C. in summer and 12 to 16 ° C. in winter due to the heat storage effect of the porous material.
For example, when gauze is used as the porous material, the airflow that has passed through the gap between the gypsum and the sedimentary layers is sent into the first floor room from under the floor while contacting the charcoal or ceramic charcoal.
With the above-described mechanism, the outside air sucked in by the fan unit is cooled and dehumidified in the first stage by the underground heat, and cooled and dehumidified in the second stage by the water heat exchanger, and the air discharged under the floor Is air that has been dehumidified and dried and temperature-controlled.

A concrete or moisture-proof sheet for preventing the rise of moisture from the ground is laid on the bottom surface of the sedimentary layer, so that the structure is such that the rise of the moisture from the ground is prevented.

The air whose temperature and humidity have been adjusted is exhausted to the outside while ventilating inside the house as shown by the arrow in FIG.
Grindstone deposit → charcoal / ceramic charcoal → 1st floor indoor → 2nd floor below → 2nd floor indoor → 2nd floor ceiling → collecting pipe unit → exhaust damper → ventilation fan

In the present invention, the wall of the outer wall has a heat insulating property so that the temperature of the indoor ventilation air does not rise due to the hot outside air in summer and the temperature of the indoor ventilation air does not decrease due to the cold outside air in winter. It is necessary to have an excellent structure. For example, an external heat insulating structure, that is, a structure in which a heat insulating material is arranged outside the interior material is preferable. It is preferable that an exterior material is further provided outside the heat insulating material, and a gap is provided between each of the interior material, the heat insulating material, and the exterior material.

Further, when the conditioned air is circulated into the room, the fan unit under the floor and the damper of the automatic control built in the collecting pipe unit at the ceiling are controlled to connect the ceiling and the floor. The system can be circulated through the tracheal duct.
The temperature of the air to be circulated can be controlled to an arbitrarily set temperature by opening and closing the dampers (1) and (2) in conjunction with a computer. That is, in summer, when the temperature inside the ceiling rises, the damper (1) is opened, the damper (2) is closed, and the fan starts rotating. The hot air behind the ceiling is discharged outside, the outside air is sucked in through the air inlet, and the dehumidified and cooled air flows into the room through the double pipe, the heat exchanger, and the chestnut stone layer. It is also possible to air cycle by setting a timer.
On the other hand, when the temperature falls below the set temperature, the damper (1) is closed, the damper (2) is opened, and only the indoor air circulates, and only the dehumidification is performed. Also, the temperature and humidity can be freely adjusted as appropriate by introducing outside air.
In particular, the system detects the lower of the room temperature and the outside air temperature and automatically controls the damper.
In winter, the temperature and humidity of the air inside the house are higher than outside air. It is advisable to close the damper (1), open the damper (2), and close the air intake, return the indoor air to the layer of grime stone and dehumidify and circulate the ventilation.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a ventilation system using only a heat exchanger when there is no underground pipe.
High-temperature, high-humidity outside air is sucked from the air inlet 1 by the fan unit 3 installed under the floor of the building.
In this case, the outside air taken in from the intake port 1 is partially heat-exchanged by the surface heat under the floor, and further passes through the water heat exchanger 4 installed on the discharge side of the fan unit 3. In summer, cold groundwater is passed through the water heat exchanger to cool and gradually cool the air, and in winter, warm groundwater or warm solar water is passed through to heat and gradually cool the air.
Also in the present invention, as in the case of FIG. 1, the fan unit and the automatic damper control device incorporated in the collecting pipe unit provide a system capable of performing air circulation and ventilation.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a ventilation system using underground heat and a heat exchanger. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a ventilation system using surface heat and a heat exchanger. FIG. 3 is a structural diagram in the case of passing one type of heat medium water. FIG. 4 is a structural diagram in the case of passing two different types of heat medium water.

Explanation of reference numerals

1: Inlet 2: Underground pipe (double pipe)
3. Fan 4 Heat exchanger 5 Intake pipe 6 Ceramic charcoal

Claims (5)

The air sucked by the fan is passed through a porous heat storage layer provided under the floor of the building to control the temperature, purify the air, and adjust the humidity.The air is circulated indoors to provide air conditioning, ventilation, and floor cooling / heating for the building. In the air-conditioning and ventilation system, a porous material having a far-infrared radiation function is used for the heat storage layer, and at the same time, a heat exchanger controlled by water cooling or hot water is arranged between the fan and the heat storage layer to cool the air or An air conditioning and ventilation system for buildings characterized by heating. The porous material having the far-infrared radiation function is zeolite, petalite, trimarin, wood comb clay, iron oxide, titanium oxide, lava, alumina, zirconia, titania, cordierite, spodumene, aluminum titanate, quartz, silicon carbide, 2. The air conditioning and ventilation system for a building according to claim 1, wherein the system is silicon carbide, silica stone, glass, or ceramic charcoal. The air-conditioning ventilation system for a building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air sucked by the fan is passed through a double-walled underground pipe buried inside and outside the building to control and dehumidify the temperature in advance. The air conditioning and ventilation system for a building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the water for cooling and heating the heat exchanger is groundwater, tap water, solar hot water, or boiler hot water. The air conditioning and ventilation system for a building according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat exchanger has independent and separate inlets and outlets, and has a structure in which different types of water flows can be passed through the inlets and outlets simultaneously or separately. system.

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