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JP2004283875A - Punching machine and method - Google Patents

Punching machine and method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004283875A
JP2004283875A JP2003079774A JP2003079774A JP2004283875A JP 2004283875 A JP2004283875 A JP 2004283875A JP 2003079774 A JP2003079774 A JP 2003079774A JP 2003079774 A JP2003079774 A JP 2003079774A JP 2004283875 A JP2004283875 A JP 2004283875A
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
die
punching
metal plate
punch
pressing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
JP2003079774A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Noriyuki Suzuki
規之 鈴木
Takeshi Kawachi
毅 河内
Hiroshi Yoshida
博司 吉田
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Abstract

【課題】付加的な加工工程を用いずに、平滑なせん断端面を得るこのできる、打抜き加工装置及び方法を提供すること。
【解決手段】ポンチ金型2、ダイス金型3およびしわ押さえ金型4の組み合わせにより構成される金属板の打抜き加工装置において、ポンチ金型の移動に連動した、しわ押さえ金型の加圧手段を有する打抜き加工装置。この加工装置を用いて金属板の打抜き加工を行うに際し、しわ押さえ金型4の加圧範囲を、ポンチ金型2の外径より大きく、金属板1の板厚の2倍以下とする打抜き加工方法。
【選択図】 図1
A punching apparatus and method capable of obtaining a smooth sheared end face without using an additional processing step.
In a metal plate punching apparatus constituted by a combination of a punch die 2, a die die 3, and a wrinkle pressing die 4, pressing means of the wrinkle pressing die interlocked with movement of the punch die. Punching machine having When performing punching of a metal plate using this processing device, the pressing range of the wrinkle pressing die 4 is set to be larger than the outer diameter of the punch die 2 and not more than twice the plate thickness of the metal plate 1. Method.
[Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、金属板の精密打抜き加工に関し、特に打抜き加工後に平滑なせん断端面形状を得るための加工装置及び加工方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、プレス加工による板材のせん断加工では、一般にポンチ金型が板材に食い込む途中で、せん断方向に亀裂が発生・進展するため、打抜き加工後のせん断端面には、図3に示すように、平滑なせん断面と凹凸のある破断面が現れる。このような破断面を有する部材は、切り欠き効果により疲労強度が低下するという問題があった。
【0003】
これに対して、平滑なせん断端面を得るため、種々の方法が提案されている。すなわち、加工後端面を研磨して平滑にしたり、切り欠き部にショットピーニングを施して面をならすと共に局部残留応力の開放、圧縮残留応力の付与により疲労強度を向上される方法、事前に打抜き部近傍にコイニング加工を施す方法(特許文献1)、あるいは、打抜き後の切り欠き部にコイニング加工を施す方法(特許文献2)、またあるいは、段付ポンチ金型を用いてせん断とコイニングを同時に行う方法(特許文献3)などがある。
また、破断面の無い、打ち抜きを行うため、ナイフエッジ状のVリングを持つ板押さえと逆押さえを用いたファインブランキングや、上下抜きが知られている。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開平2−280926号公報
【特許文献2】
特開平6−57325号公報
【特許文献3】
特開平2−147129号公報
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前述した、後処理で、研磨やピーニング処理を施す方法は、著しく生産性が低下して、コスト増大を招く。また、特許文献1、特許文献2等で開示されている打抜きの前後でコイニング加工を施す方法は、多段加工を行うプレス機の能力に余裕が無い場合は適用できず、さらに、だれ・かえりを少なくすることはできても、せん断端面を平滑にする効果は期待できない。同様に、特許文献3で開示されているように、同時加工であっても、コイニング加工を施す方法は、せん断端面を平滑にする効果は期待できない。また、ファインブランキングや上下抜きは、複雑な機構を有するプレス機が必要であり、設備費が増大する、という課題がある。
【0006】
これに対して本発明は、既存のプレス機を用いて、工程数を増やすことなく、容易に適用できる、だれ・かえりを少なくすると共に、せん断端面を平滑にする加工装置及び方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
係る課題を解決するため、本発明の手段は、以下のとおりである。
(1)ポンチ金型、ダイス金型およびしわ押さえ金型の組み合わせにより構成される金属板の打抜き装置において、ポンチ金型の移動に連動した、しわ押さえ金型の加圧手段を有することを特徴とする打抜き加工装置。
(2)ポンチ金型、ダイス金型およびしわ押さえ金型の組み合わせによる金属板の打抜き方法において、しわ押さえ金型の加圧範囲を、ポンチ金型の外径より大きく、金属板の板厚の2倍以下とすることを特徴とする打抜き加工方法。
(3)しわ押さえ金型の最大加圧力を、金属板の降伏応力より大きくすることを特徴とする(2)記載の打抜き加工方法。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に図面を用いて詳細を説明する。
前記(2)、(3)に記載の発明に係る打抜き方法を用いた、前記(1)の発明に係るプレス金型装置の断面図を図1に示す。図1は初期状態を示す図であり、加工中の断面図を図2に示す。
金属板1は、ポンチ金型2の下降により、ダイス金型3とポンチ金型2との間で、せん断により分離される。ポンチ金型2の下降に伴い、押さえ金型4によって板材1はダイス金型3に押し付けられる。
【0009】
また図2に示すように、押さえ金型4と支持金型7の間に固定されたばね5の弾性変形により、ポンチ金型2の下降につれて、押し付け圧力が増大することになる。この時、押さえ金型4と金属板1の接触部6の幅をポンチ金型2の外径より大きく、金属板1の板厚の2倍以下とすることで、せん断端面近傍には大きな圧縮応力が発生する。接触部6の幅が大きいと、十分な圧縮応力が得られないため、多くとも板厚の2倍程度以下の範囲にする必要がある。また接触部6の幅が小さ過ぎると、押さえ効果が不十分になり、板材1が跳ね上がり、せん断加工中の亀裂発生を防止する効果が得られないので、ポンチ金型2の外径より大きくする。その結果、せん断加工中の亀裂発生を防止し、平滑なせん断面のみからなる端面形状が得られる。
また、せん断加工中の亀裂発生を防止するためには少なくとも、金属板の降伏応力よりも大きくする必要があり、それ以下では十分な効果が得られない。また、ばねの弾性係数や個数を調節することで、適正な圧縮力を得ることができる。
本発明において、金属板としてアルミ、チタン、鋼等の板を使用できる。
【0010】
【実施例】
上述の発明をもとに、本発明例として図1に示す金型装置を試作し、薄鋼板の打抜き加工を行った。
用いた材料は、板厚2.3mmの軟鋼板で、□100mmの正方形板の中央に、直径20mmの円孔打抜きを種々の条件で行った。実験は、押さえ金型の接触幅a、およびポンチ金型とダイス金型とのクリアランスcを種々変更して行い、打抜き後の端面性状、すなわち図3に示される板厚tに対する平滑なせん断面bの割合(b/t)を評価した。その結果を表1に示す。
しわ押さえには、バネ定数5[kN/mm]のばねを4箇所用いた。表中(*1)最大接触面圧は、ポンチ金型下死点(=2.3mm)で接触面に発生する面圧である。
【0011】
【表1】

Figure 2004283875
【0012】
比較例として、鋼板全面を押さえた場合の結果を示すが、加圧幅を板材の板幅程度に狭くし、接触部の面圧を増大させることにより、平滑なせん断面は、大幅に増大することが判る。またクリアランスが狭いほど、効果も大きい。
【0013】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、加工工程を増やすことなく、かつ安価に、良好な平滑端面を得ることができ、加工品の疲労強度や孔拡げ性が大幅に向上する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明例の打抜き加工方法を用いたプレス金型装置の断面図を示す。
【図2】本発明例の打抜き加工方法を用いたプレス金型装置の加工中の断面図を示す。
【図3】打抜き端面形状の断面図を示す。
【符号の説明】
1 金属板
2 ポンチ金型
3 ダイス金型
4 押さえ金型
5 ばね
6 接触部
7 支持金型[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to precision punching of a metal plate, and more particularly to a processing apparatus and a processing method for obtaining a smooth sheared end face shape after punching.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, in the shearing of a sheet material by press working, a crack is generally generated and propagates in the shearing direction while the punch die bites into the sheet material. Appears with a strong shear surface and an uneven fracture surface. A member having such a fractured surface has a problem that the fatigue strength is reduced due to the notch effect.
[0003]
On the other hand, various methods have been proposed to obtain a smooth sheared end face. In other words, the end surface after processing is polished and smoothed, or the notch is shot peened to smooth the surface, and the local residual stress is released, and the fatigue strength is improved by applying compressive residual stress. A method of performing coining in the vicinity (Patent Document 1), a method of performing coining in a cutout after punching (Patent Document 2), or simultaneously performing shearing and coining using a stepped punch die. Method (Patent Document 3) and the like.
In addition, in order to perform punching without a fractured surface, fine blanking using a plate holder having a knife-edge-shaped V-ring and a reverse holder, and vertical punching are known.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2-280926 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-6-57325 [Patent Document 3]
JP-A-2-147129 [0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The above-mentioned method of performing polishing or peening in the post-treatment significantly lowers productivity and causes an increase in cost. In addition, the method of performing coining before and after punching disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 cannot be applied when there is not enough capacity of a press machine for performing multi-stage processing. Even if it can be reduced, the effect of smoothing the shear end face cannot be expected. Similarly, as disclosed in Patent Literature 3, even when performing simultaneous machining, the method of performing coining cannot expect the effect of smoothing the sheared end face. Further, fine blanking and vertical blanking require a press having a complicated mechanism, and there is a problem that equipment costs increase.
[0006]
On the other hand, the present invention provides a processing apparatus and a method that can be easily applied using an existing press machine without increasing the number of steps, that reduces the burrs and burrs and that smoothes the sheared end surface. With the goal.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Means of the present invention for solving such a problem are as follows.
(1) A punching device for a metal plate constituted by a combination of a punch die, a die die, and a wrinkle pressing die, characterized in that it has a wrinkle pressing die pressurizing means interlocked with the movement of the punch die. And punching equipment.
(2) In a method of punching a metal plate by a combination of a punch die, a die die, and a wrinkle pressing die, the pressing range of the wrinkle pressing die is larger than the outer diameter of the punch die, and the thickness of the metal plate is reduced. A punching method characterized in that it is not more than twice.
(3) The punching method according to (2), wherein the maximum pressing force of the wrinkle holding die is set to be larger than the yield stress of the metal plate.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The details will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a press die apparatus according to the invention (1) using the punching method according to the inventions (2) and (3). FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an initial state, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view during processing.
The metal plate 1 is separated by shearing between the die die 3 and the punch die 2 due to the lowering of the punch die 2. As the punch die 2 descends, the plate 1 is pressed against the die 3 by the holding die 4.
[0009]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the elastic pressure of the spring 5 fixed between the pressing die 4 and the supporting die 7 causes the pressing pressure to increase as the punch die 2 descends. At this time, by setting the width of the contact portion 6 between the presser die 4 and the metal plate 1 to be larger than the outer diameter of the punch die 2 and not more than twice the plate thickness of the metal plate 1, a large compression near the sheared end face is obtained. Stress occurs. If the width of the contact portion 6 is large, a sufficient compressive stress cannot be obtained, so that it is necessary to set the width at most to twice or less the plate thickness. On the other hand, if the width of the contact portion 6 is too small, the pressing effect becomes insufficient, and the plate material 1 jumps up, and the effect of preventing cracking during shearing cannot be obtained. . As a result, generation of cracks during the shearing process is prevented, and an end face shape consisting of only a smooth shear surface is obtained.
Further, in order to prevent the occurrence of cracks during shearing, it is necessary to at least increase the yield stress of the metal plate. If the yield stress is lower than this, a sufficient effect cannot be obtained. Further, an appropriate compression force can be obtained by adjusting the elastic coefficient and the number of the springs.
In the present invention, a plate of aluminum, titanium, steel or the like can be used as the metal plate.
[0010]
【Example】
Based on the above-described invention, a die apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was prototyped as an example of the present invention, and a thin steel plate was punched.
The material used was a mild steel plate having a thickness of 2.3 mm, and a circular hole having a diameter of 20 mm was punched in the center of a square plate of 100 mm square under various conditions. The experiment was carried out by changing the contact width a of the pressing die and the clearance c between the punch die and the die die in various manners. The ratio of b (b / t) was evaluated. Table 1 shows the results.
For wrinkle holding, four springs having a spring constant of 5 [kN / mm] were used. In the table, (* 1) the maximum contact surface pressure is the surface pressure generated on the contact surface at the bottom dead center (= 2.3 mm) of the punch die.
[0011]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004283875
[0012]
As a comparative example, the results when the entire steel plate is pressed are shown. By narrowing the pressing width to about the plate width of the plate material and increasing the surface pressure of the contact portion, the smooth shearing surface greatly increases. You can see that. In addition, the smaller the clearance, the greater the effect.
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a good smooth end face can be obtained at low cost without increasing the number of processing steps, and the fatigue strength and hole expandability of the processed product are greatly improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a press die apparatus using a punching method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a press die apparatus during processing using the punching method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a sectional view of a punched end face shape.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Metal plate 2 Punch die 3 Die die 4 Pressing die 5 Spring 6 Contact part 7 Support die

Claims (3)

ポンチ金型、ダイス金型およびしわ押さえ金型の組み合わせにより構成される金属板の打抜き加工装置において、ポンチ金型の移動に連動した、しわ押さえ金型の加圧手段を有することを特徴とする打抜き加工装置。A punching apparatus for punching a metal plate constituted by a combination of a punch die, a die die, and a wrinkle holding die, comprising a pressurizing means for the wrinkle holding die interlocked with the movement of the punch die. Punching equipment. ポンチ金型、ダイス金型およびしわ押さえ金型の組み合わせによる金属板の打抜き加工方法において、しわ押さえ金型の加圧範囲を、ポンチ金型の外径より大きく、金属板の板厚の2倍以下とすることを特徴とする打抜き加工方法。In a method of punching a metal plate by a combination of a punch die, a die die and a wrinkle holding die, the pressing range of the wrinkle holding die is larger than the outer diameter of the punch die and twice the thickness of the metal plate. A punching method characterized by the following. しわ押さえ金型の最大加圧力を、金属板の降伏応力より大きくすることを特徴とする請求項2記載の打抜き加工方法。3. The punching method according to claim 2, wherein the maximum pressing force of the wrinkle holding die is made larger than the yield stress of the metal plate.
JP2003079774A 2003-03-24 2003-03-24 Punching machine and method Withdrawn JP2004283875A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2042249A1 (en) * 2007-09-26 2009-04-01 Feintool Intellectual Property AG Method and device for manufacturing stamping parts with a largely smooth cutting plane and larger functional area
CN102120236A (en) * 2010-12-15 2011-07-13 武汉华夏精冲技术有限公司 Machining method for precision punching forming of fine toothed parts
JP2012024785A (en) * 2010-07-20 2012-02-09 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Magnesium alloy plate, method of manufacturing the same, and mold
CN103691798A (en) * 2013-12-13 2014-04-02 武汉华夏精冲技术有限公司 Fine blanking molding method for reducing collapsed corner of fine-blanking piece
WO2022054360A1 (en) 2020-09-14 2022-03-17 Jfeスチール株式会社 Metal sheet punching device

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2042249A1 (en) * 2007-09-26 2009-04-01 Feintool Intellectual Property AG Method and device for manufacturing stamping parts with a largely smooth cutting plane and larger functional area
CN101396707B (en) * 2007-09-26 2013-03-20 法因图尔知识产权股份公司 Method and device for manufacturing stamping parts with a largely smooth cutting plane and larger functional area
US8939003B2 (en) 2007-09-26 2015-01-27 Feintool Intellectual Property Ag Method and device for the production of a stamping with almost smooth cutting and enlarged functional surface
JP2012024785A (en) * 2010-07-20 2012-02-09 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Magnesium alloy plate, method of manufacturing the same, and mold
CN102120236A (en) * 2010-12-15 2011-07-13 武汉华夏精冲技术有限公司 Machining method for precision punching forming of fine toothed parts
CN103691798A (en) * 2013-12-13 2014-04-02 武汉华夏精冲技术有限公司 Fine blanking molding method for reducing collapsed corner of fine-blanking piece
WO2022054360A1 (en) 2020-09-14 2022-03-17 Jfeスチール株式会社 Metal sheet punching device
KR20230048533A (en) 2020-09-14 2023-04-11 제이에프이 스틸 가부시키가이샤 Metal plate punching device

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