JP2004263113A - Transparent rubber-modified copolymer resin composition - Google Patents
Transparent rubber-modified copolymer resin composition Download PDFInfo
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- JP2004263113A JP2004263113A JP2003056592A JP2003056592A JP2004263113A JP 2004263113 A JP2004263113 A JP 2004263113A JP 2003056592 A JP2003056592 A JP 2003056592A JP 2003056592 A JP2003056592 A JP 2003056592A JP 2004263113 A JP2004263113 A JP 2004263113A
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- Prior art keywords
- rubber
- mass
- copolymer resin
- modified copolymer
- parts
- Prior art date
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- Granted
Links
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical group C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 29
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 11
- YAJYJWXEWKRTPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethylhexane-2-thiol Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)(C)C(C)(C)C(C)(C)S YAJYJWXEWKRTPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- -1 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 5
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940096992 potassium oleate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- MLICVSDCCDDWMD-KVVVOXFISA-M potassium;(z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O MLICVSDCCDDWMD-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 4
- FVQMJJQUGGVLEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy 2-ethylhexaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OOOC(C)(C)C FVQMJJQUGGVLEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SPTHWAJJMLCAQF-UHFFFAOYSA-M ctk4f8481 Chemical compound [O-]O.CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1C(C)C SPTHWAJJMLCAQF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- HARQWLDROVMFJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3,3-bis(tert-butylperoxy)butanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)(OOC(C)(C)C)OOC(C)(C)C HARQWLDROVMFJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M rongalite Chemical compound [Na+].OCS([O-])=O XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QEQBMZQFDDDTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QEQBMZQFDDDTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NALFRYPTRXKZPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane Chemical compound CC1CC(C)(C)CC(OOC(C)(C)C)(OOC(C)(C)C)C1 NALFRYPTRXKZPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSLFISVKRDQEBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)cyclohexane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC1(OOC(C)(C)C)CCCCC1 HSLFISVKRDQEBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIDBROSJWZYGSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenylpyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 HIDBROSJWZYGSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LWZNQGJGMBRAII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylhexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCC(C)COC(=O)C=C LWZNQGJGMBRAII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQARUDWASOOSRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butylperoxypropan-2-yl hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)OC(O)=O BQARUDWASOOSRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010020880 Hypertrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- FACXGONDLDSNOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 FACXGONDLDSNOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- JMGZBMRVDHKMKB-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-sulfobutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OS(=O)(=O)C(C([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O JMGZBMRVDHKMKB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000006166 lysate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SSDSCDGVMJFTEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940065472 octyl acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-BJUDXGSMSA-N sodium-22 Chemical compound [22Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-BJUDXGSMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000468 styrene butadiene styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006249 styrenic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
【課題】剛性、耐衝撃性および透明性に優れたゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物の提供。
【解決手段】ゴム状重合体の存在下、スチレン系単量体および(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体を重合して得られるゴム変性共重合樹脂中に分散するゴム粒子の体積平均粒子径(dv)が0.4〜1.5μmであるゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)を94〜50質量%、ゴム状重合体ラテックスの存在下スチレン系単量体、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体を重合して得られるゴム粒子の平均粒子径が0.1〜0.6μmであるグラフト共重合体(B)を6〜50質量%含有してなる樹脂混合物100質量部に対してシリコーンオイル0.001〜0.1質量部を含有させてなることを特徴とするゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物。
【選択図】 なしAn object of the present invention is to provide a rubber-modified copolymer resin composition having excellent rigidity, impact resistance and transparency.
A volume average particle diameter of rubber particles dispersed in a rubber-modified copolymer resin obtained by polymerizing a styrene monomer and a (meth) acrylate monomer in the presence of a rubber-like polymer. 94 to 50% by mass of a rubber-modified copolymer resin (A) having a (dv) of 0.4 to 1.5 μm, a styrene monomer and a (meth) acrylate monomer in the presence of a rubbery polymer latex. Silicone is added to 100 parts by mass of a resin mixture containing 6 to 50% by mass of a graft copolymer (B) having an average particle size of 0.1 to 0.6 μm of rubber particles obtained by polymerizing a monomer. A rubber-modified copolymer resin composition comprising 0.001 to 0.1 parts by mass of oil.
[Selection diagram] None
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は剛性、耐衝撃性および透明性に優れたゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
良好な透明性、耐衝撃性を示すゴム変性スチレン系共重合樹脂は、家電製品、包装材料、光学用途等、これまで様々な用途に用いられてきた。しかしながら利用分野の拡大に伴い、更なる耐衝撃性の向上が求められるようになってきている。従来の技術として耐衝撃性を向上させるために樹脂中に分散するゴム粒子の粒子径を規定する、有機ポリシロキサンを添加するという手法が知られている。しかしながら、粒子径分布を規定することで外観に優れるものの、耐衝撃性が十分でなく、また透明性を有するものでない等の課題があった(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。また、分散するゴム粒子の含有量や粒子径分布を特定の範囲内に規定し、さらに特定の範囲の粘度を有するポリジメチルシロキサンを特定の範囲の含有量添加するというものも知られている。しかしながら、透明性に優れるものの、耐衝撃性が十分ではない等の課題があった(例えば、特許文献2参照。)。
【0003】
【特許文献1】特開平6−57084号公報(第2頁〜9頁)
【特許文献2】特開平9−20851号公報(第2頁〜7頁)
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、透明性を低下させることなく、剛性、耐衝撃性に優れたゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物を得る方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、このような課題を解決すべく研究を重ねた結果、特定のゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)と特定のグラフト共重合体(B)を含有してなる樹脂混合物に対して特定の割合のシリコーンオイルを含有させてなることを特徴とするゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物が、剛性、透明性に優れ、かつ耐衝撃性の優れることを見出し本発明に至った。
【0006】
即ち、本発明は、ゴム状重合体の存在下、スチレン系単量体、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体を重合して得られる樹脂中に分散するゴム粒子の体積平均粒子径(dv)が0.4〜1.5μmであるゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)を94〜50質量%、ゴム状重合体ラテックス存在下スチレン系単量体、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体を重合して得られる樹脂中に分散するゴム粒子の体積平均粒子径(dv)が0.1〜0.6μmであるグラフト共重合体(B)を10〜50質量%含有してなる樹脂混合物100質量部に対してシリコーンオイル0.001〜0.1質量部を含有させてなることを特徴とするゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物である。
【0007】
さらに好ましくは上記のゴム粒子分布のゴム粒子径体積積算分布曲線において、粒子径0.1μm以上0.6μm未満と0.6μm以上2.0μm未満にそれぞれ少なくとも一つの極大値を有するゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物である。
【0008】
また、さらに好ましくはゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)とグラフト共重合体(B)の温度25℃における屈折率差が、0.03未満であることを特徴とするゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物である。
【0009】
また、本発明において、シリコーンオイルの添加する方法については特に規定はないが、たとえば、重合時添加する方法や押出機にて溶融混練する方法等があげられる。
【0010】
以下に本発明を詳細に説明する。まず、本発明に用いられるゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)について説明する。
ゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)はゴム状重合体存在下、スチレン系単量体、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体を重合して得られる。
【0011】
本発明で使用するスチレン系単量体は、スチレン、α−メチルスチレン、p−メチルスチレン、p−t−ブチルスチレン等をあげることができるが、好ましくはスチレンである。これらスチレン系単量体は、単独で用いてもよいし、2種類以上を併用してもよい。
【0012】
本発明で使用する(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体は、メチルメタクリレート、エチルメタクリレート、メチルアクリレート、エチルアクリレート、n−ブチルアクリレート、2−メチルヘキシルアクリレート、2−エチルヘキシルアクリレート、オクチルアクリレート等があげられるが、好ましくは、メチルメタクリレート、n−ブチルアクリレートである。これら(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体は、単独で用いてもよく2種類以上を併用してもよいが、メチルメタクリレート、n−ブチルアクリレートを併用して使用することが最も好ましい。
【0013】
スチレン系単量体および(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体の割合は、好ましくはスチレン系単量体5〜95質量部および(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体95〜5質量部、さらに好ましくは、スチレン系単量体10〜90質量部および(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体90〜10質量部である。但しスチレン系単量体、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体の合計を100質量部とする。スチレン系単量体および(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体が該範囲外の場合は、耐衝撃性、透明性等が劣る場合がある。
本発明では、スチレン系単量体、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体以外の単量体、例えばアクリロニトリル、無水マレイン酸、N−フェニルマレイミド、メタクリル酸等もスチレン系単量体と(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体の合計100質量部に対し、50質量部未満であれば含有させることができる。
【0014】
本発明で使用するゴム状重合体は、ポリブタジエン、スチレン−ブタジエンゴム、スチレン−ブタジエンブロックゴム、部分水添ポリブタジエン、部分水添スチレン−ブタジエンゴム、部分水添スチレン−ブタジエンブロックゴム等があげられるが、性状としてラテックスは含まれないものとする。好ましくはスチレン含量が20〜50質量%のスチレン−ブタジエンゴム、スチレン−ブタジエンブロックゴムであり、さらに好ましくはブロックスチレン含量が20〜35質量%でスチレン含量が30〜45質量%のスチレン−ブタジエンブロックゴムである。また、温度25℃における5質量%スチレン溶液粘度が、好ましくは15〜200mPa・s、さらに好ましくは20〜60mPa・sである。ブタジエンに基づく不飽和結合のうちの1,2−ビニル結合の割合は、好ましくは8〜25モル%、さらに好ましくは12〜20モル%である。これらのゴム状重合体を用いることで、耐衝撃性、透明性の優れたゴム変性共重合樹脂を効率よく得ることができる。
本発明では、スチレン−ブタジエン−スチレン樹脂等のゴム状重合体以外の重合体もゴム状重合体100質量部に対し、50質量部未満であれば含有させることができる。
本発明において粘度は、化学工学便覧改訂5版5.5.2項記載の円板型回転粘度計((株)トキメック・ビスコメーターBLモデル)を用いて測定した。
【0015】
ゴム状重合体の割合は、スチレン系単量体、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体の合計100質量部に対し、好ましくは0.1〜30質量部、さらに好ましくは3〜20質量部である。ゴム状重合体が該範囲外の場合は得られたゴム変性共重合樹脂の耐衝撃性と透明性のバランス等が劣る等目的を達しない場合がある。
【0016】
ゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)中にはゴム粒子が分散してなる。ゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)中に分散するゴム粒子の体積平均粒子径(dv)は0.40〜1.50μm、好ましくは0.45〜1.40μm、さらに好ましくは0.50〜1.30μmである。ゴム粒子の体積平均粒子径が0.40μm未満の場合は耐衝撃性が低いものとなり、1.50μmを越えた場合は透明性や剛性が劣るものとなる。
なお、体積平均粒子径(dv)は、重合液をジメチルホルムアミドで希釈、あるいは得られた樹脂をジメチルホルムアミドに溶解し、超音波バスでゴム粒子を20分ほど分散させ、これをジメチルホルムアミドで満たしておいたベックマン・コールター(株)社製レーザ回折・散乱法粒度分布測定装置(LS−230)中に滴下し、偏光散乱強度差計測(PIDS理論:0.04〜2000μm、粒径分別チャンネル数116)で測定した粒子径(体積球相当径=(6v/π)1 / 3)を求め、次式[数1]により得られる平均粒子径として求めた。
【数1】
【0017】
また、ゴム粒子径体積積算分布曲線において粒子径0.8μm未満が90〜20体積%、好ましくは85〜25%、さらに好ましくは80〜30%、0.8μm以上が10〜80体積%、好ましくは15〜75%、さらに好ましくは20〜70体積%のゴム粒子である。ゴム粒子の体積積算分布曲線が該範囲外の場合は、得られたゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物の耐衝撃性、透明性のバランスが劣る等目的を達しない。
なお、ゴム粒子径体積積算分布曲線は、体積平均粒子径と同様に粒子径と割合を求め、横軸に粒子径、縦軸に体積分率の積算で表示するゴム粒子径分布の体積積算分布曲線をいうものとする。
【0018】
本発明では、ゴム状重合体の存在下、スチレン系単量体および(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体を重合する。ゴム状重合体は通常、スチレン系単量体、および/または(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体に溶解した後に重合に供する。
【0019】
重合時、t−ブチルパーオキシベンゾエート、t−ブチルパーオキシ−2−エチルヘキサノエート、1,1−ビス(t−ブチルパーオキシ)−3,3,5−トリメチルシクロヘキサン、1,1−ビス(t−ブチルパーオキシ)−シクロヘキサン、2,2−ビス(4,4−ジ−ブチルパーオキシシクロヘキシル)プロパン、t−ブチルパーオキシイソプロピルモノカーボネート、ジ−t−ブチルパーオキサイド、ジクミルパーオキサイド、エチル−3,3−ジ−(t−ブチルパーオキシ)ブチレート等の公知の重合開始剤を添加することが好ましい。
【0020】
重合開始剤の添加量はスチレン系単量体、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体、およびゴム状重合体の合計100質量部に対し、好ましくは0.005〜5質量部、さらに好ましくは0.01〜1質量部である。該範囲外の場合は、得られたゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物の耐衝撃性と透明性のバランスが劣る等目的を達しない場合がある。
【0021】
また、重合時、4−メチル−2,4−ジフェニルペンテン−1、t−ドデシルメルカプタン、n−ドデシルメルカプタン等の公知の分子量調整剤を添加することが好ましい。分子量調整剤の添加量はスチレン系単量体、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体およびゴム状重合体の合計100質量部に対し、好ましくは0.01〜5質量部、さらに好ましくは0.15〜1質量部である。該範囲外の場合は、得られたゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物の耐衝撃性と透明性のバランスが劣る等目的を達しない場合がある。
【0022】
さらに重合時、ジビニルベンゼン等の公知の架橋剤、オクタデシル−3−(3,5−ジ−t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート等の公知の酸化防止剤等を添加しても差し支えない。
【0023】
重合を行う際、エチルベンゼン、トルエン等の溶剤をスチレン系単量体、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体の合計100質量部に対して好ましくは0.1〜50質量部、さらに好ましくは3〜20質量部使用してもよい。溶剤の使用により重合反応熱の除去等好ましい場合がある。
【0024】
ゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)の重量平均分子量(Mw)は好ましくは8〜25万、さらに好ましくは10〜20万である。ゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物とした場合Mwが8万未満であると耐衝撃性が劣り、25万を越えると透明性が低下し、さらに透明性の成形条件依存性が大きくなる。Mwの調整は、重合開始剤や分子量調整剤の種類や添加量、重合温度条件等で調整できる。
【0025】
重合方法は塊状重合、溶液重合等公知の方法が採用でき、重合操作は連続操作、回分操作、半回分操作等公知の方法が採用できる。
【0026】
続いて、本発明に用いられるグラフト共重合体(B)について説明する。
グラフト共重合体(B)は、ゴム状重合体ラテックスの存在下、スチレン系単量体、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体を重合して得られる。
【0027】
用いるスチレン系単量体及び(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体は、ゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)で用いたものと同様のものを使用できるが、スチレン系単量体としては好ましくはスチレンであり、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体として好ましくはメチルメタクリレート、n−ブチルアクリレートである。これら(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体は、単独で用いても良く、2種類以上を併用しても良いが、メチルメタクリレート、n−ブチルアクリレートを併用して使用することが最も好ましい。
また、スチレン系単量体、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体以外の単量体、例えばアクリロニトリル、無水マレイン酸、メタクリル酸等もスチレン系単量体、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体の合計100質量部に対し、50質量部未満であれば含有させることができる。
【0028】
ゴム状重合体ラテックスは、ポリブタジエン、スチレン−ブタジエンゴム、スチレン−ブタジエンブロックゴム、部分水添ポリブタジエン、部分水添スチレン−ブタジエンゴム、部分水添スチレン−ブタジエンブロックゴム等のゴム状重合体からなるラテックスであり、最も好ましくはゴム状重合体100質量%に対してスチレン含量が20〜50質量%のスチレン−ブタジエンゴムのラテックスである。ラテックス中のゴム状重合体の割合は特に制限はないが、ラテックス100質量部に対し、ゴム状重合体10〜50質量%であることが好ましい。
【0029】
使用するゴム状重合体ラテックスの割合は、スチレン系単量体、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体の合計100質量部に対し、好ましくは30〜1200質量部、さらに好ましくは150〜1000質量部である。ゴム状重合体ラテックスが該範囲外の場合は得られたグラフト共重合体(B)及びゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物とした場合の耐衝撃性等が劣る等目的を達しない場合がある。
【0030】
スチレン系単量体、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル系単量体の重合は乳化重合を採用することが好ましい。重合時、公知の重合開始剤、分子量調節剤、架橋剤、酸化防止剤等を添加しても差し支えない。
【0031】
グラフト共重合体(B)中にはゴム粒子が分散してなる。グラフト共重合体(B)中に分散するゴム粒子の体積平均粒子径(dv)は0.10〜0.60μm、好ましくは0.12〜0.50μm、さらに好ましくは0.14〜0.40μmである。ゴム粒子の平均粒子径が0.10μm未満の場合は耐衝撃性が低いものとなり、0.60μmを越えた場合は透明性や剛性の劣るものとなる。ゴム粒子の測定はゴム変性共重合体(A)の場合と同様に測定できる。
なお、ゴム粒子の平均粒子径は特公昭63−47745号公報、特開平11−147993号公報等で記載されているゴム状重合体ラテックスの凝集肥大化等で調整できる。
【0032】
また、本発明において添加されるシリコーンオイルは一般に有機ポリシロキサン化合物であり、原則としてその分子構造に[化1]骨格を有するものであれば特に制限はない。
【化1】
本発明で用いられるシリコーンオイルを例示すると、例えばポリジメチルシロキサン、ポリジフェニルシロキサン、ポリフェニルシロキサン、及びこれらの重合体の末端、あるは分子鎖中に水酸基、カルボキシル基、ビニル基、アミノ基、エポキシ基、アルコキシ基、フッ素基等を導入した重合体を使用できる。有機ポリシロキサンの分子量は特に限定されるものではなく、2種類以上の構造単位を持っていてもよい。また、シリコーンオイルには有機ポリシロキサン以外の添加剤、例えば鉱油、酸化防止剤、滑剤等の添加剤を有機ポリシロキサンの合計100質量部に対し、60質量部未満であれば含有させることができる。シリコーンオイルを添加することにより、耐衝撃性が向上する他、成形性が向上し、成形体の表面形状が滑らかになることで成形体表面での光散乱が少なくなり、透明性が良好になる。本発明においては透明性を示す指標として成形体表面での光散乱が少なくなり、透明性が良好になる。本発明においては透明性を示す指標として、成形体表面での光散乱影響を示す外部HAZEと成形体内部での光散乱影響を示す内部HAZE、および全光線透過率を用いている。
【0033】
本発明のゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物はゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)、グラフト共重合体(B)およびシリコーンオイルを含有してなる。ゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)、グラフト共重合体(B)の比率は、ゴム変性共重合樹脂(A):グラフト共重合体(B)=94〜50質量%:6〜50質量%、好ましくは85〜60質量%:15〜40質量%、さらに好ましくは80〜65質量%:20〜35質量%である。但し(A)+(B)=100質量%とする。ゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)が94質量%より大きい場合は耐衝撃性が劣り、50質量%未満の場合は透明性、剛性が劣る。
また、シリコーンオイルは樹脂混合物((A)+(B)=100質量部)に対して0.001〜0.1質量部、好ましくは0.002〜0.06質量部、さらに好ましくは0.003〜0.04質量部添加するものとする。シリコーンオイルの添加量が0.001質量部未満の場合は、耐衝撃性と透明性(外部HAZE)が劣り、また、0.01質量部を超える場合は、透明性(内部HAZE)が劣る等目的を達しない。
なおゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物の構成の一部であるゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)、グラフト共重合体(B)は、それぞれ2種類以上のゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)、グラフト共重合体(B)からなっても差し支えない。
【0034】
本発明では、ゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)、グラフト共重合体(B)の温度25℃におけるそれぞれの屈折率差が0.03未満、好ましくは0.02未満、さらに好ましくは0.01未満である。屈折率差が0.03以上であると大幅にゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物とした場合に透明性が低下するので好ましくない。
また、ゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)、グラフト共重合体(B)の温度25℃における屈折率は、好ましくはそれぞれ1.52〜1.57、さらに好ましくはそれぞれ1.53〜1.56である。
【0035】
なお、本発明の屈折率は、デジタル屈折計RX−2000(アタゴ社製)を用いて温度25℃で測定した。測定に用いた試験片は、東芝機械(株)社製射出成形機(IS−50EPN)を用いて、金型温度60℃、シリンダー温度230℃で厚さ1mm、2mm、3mmの3段プレートを成形し、この3段プレートの2mm部を用いて測定を行った。
【0036】
ゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)、グラフト共重合体(B)およびシリコーンオイルは公知の手法により混合し、ゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物とすることができる。例えばシリコーンオイルを(A)や(B)の重合時に添加する方法や、(A)と(B)を押出機にて溶融混練する際に添加する方法等があげられる。
【0037】
本発明のゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物は、必要に応じて酸化防止剤、耐候剤、滑剤、可塑剤、着色剤、帯電防止剤、鉱油、難燃剤等の添加剤を添加することができ、製造時任意の段階で添加することができる。添加剤を添加する方法については特に規定はないが、たとえば、重合時添加する方法や押出機にて溶融混練する方法等があげられる。
【0038】
本発明の製造方法により得られるゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物は、射出成形、押出成形、圧縮成形、真空成形等の公知の方法により各種成形体に加工され実用に供される。
【0039】
【実施例】
次に実施例をもって本発明をさらに説明するが、本発明はこれらの例によって限定されるものではない。
【0040】
ゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)の製造
参考例1:A−1
撹拌機(ピッチドパドル翼)を付した容積約100Lの第1完全混合型反応器、撹拌機(3枚後退翼)を付した容積約200Lの第2完全混合型反応器を直列に配置して構成した。ブロックスチレン含量が30質量%でスチレン含量が40質量%のスチレン−ブタジエンブロックゴム(旭化成社製アサプレン670A:温度25℃における5質量%スチレン溶液粘度33mPa・s、1,2−ビニル結合の割合13.9モル%)9質量部を、スチレン51質量部、メタクリル酸メチル(以下MMA)35質量部、n−ブチルアクリレート(以下n−BA)5質量部で構成される単量体に溶解し、溶解液を得た。溶解液を第1完全混合型反応器に80kg仕込み、溶解液100質量部に対しt−ドデシルメルカプタン(以下t−DDM)を0.16質量部、t−ブチルパーオキシ−2−エチルヘキサノエート0.05質量部を添加し190rpmで攪拌しながら、重合缶内の液温度を92℃で390分間保持した後、冷却して液温度を60℃とした。温度60℃の重合液に、190rpmで攪拌することでせん断を加えてゴム粒子を形成させた。
第2完全混合型反応器に水を100kg、第3リン酸カルシウムを300g仕込み、150rpmで攪拌した中に、第1完全混合型反応器より重合液80kgを導入した。ついで、エチル−3,3−ジ−(t−ブチルパーオキシ)ブチレートを80.0g添加し、温度110℃で300分、さらに温度135℃で60分懸濁重合を実施してビーズ形状のゴム変性共重合樹脂を得た。乾燥させたビーズをストランド状に押出し切断することによりペレット形状のゴム変性共重合樹脂を得た。表1にゴム粒子の平均粒子径を示した。また、得られたゴム変性共重合樹脂の屈折率は1.549、重量平均分子量Mwは14.6万であった。
【0041】
参考例2:A−2
第1完全混合型重合缶に添加するt−DDMを0.18質量部とした以外は参考例1と同様に行った。表1にゴム粒子の平均粒子径を示した。また、得られたゴム変性共重合樹脂の屈折率は1.549、重量平均分子量Mwは12.9万であった。
【0042】
参考例3:A−3
第1完全混合型重合缶内液温度を92℃で390分間保持した後、冷却して液温度を30℃とした以外は参考例1と同様に行った。表1にゴム粒子の平均粒子径を示した。また、得られたゴム変性共重合樹脂の屈折率は1.549、重量平均分子量Mwは14.5万であった。
【0043】
参考例4:A−4
第1完全混合型重合缶内液温度を92℃で390分間保持した後、冷却することなく第2完全混合型反応器へ導入した以外は参考例2と同様に行った。表1にゴム粒子の平均粒子径を示した。また、得られたゴム変性共重合樹脂の屈折率は1.549、重量平均分子量Mwは12.8万であった。
【0044】
参考例5:A−5
第1完全混合型重合缶に添加するt−DDMを0.14質量部とした以外は参考例1と同様に行った。表1にゴム粒子の平均粒子径を示した。また、得られたゴム変性共重合樹脂の屈折率は1.549、重量平均分子量Mwは15.1万であった。
【0045】
参考例6:A−6
第1完全混合型重合缶内液温度を92℃で390分間保持した後、冷却して液温度を82℃とした以外は参考例2と同様に行った。表1にゴム粒子の平均粒子径を示した。また、得られたゴム変性共重合樹脂の屈折率は1.549、重量平均分子量Mwは12.8万であった。
【0046】
参考例7:A−7
第2完全混合型反応器においてt−DDMを160g添加した以外は参考例5と同様に行った。表1にゴム粒子の平均粒子径を示した。また、得られたゴム変性共重合樹脂の屈折率は1.549、重量平均分子量Mwは7.7万であった。
【0047】
参考例8:A−8
第1完全混合型重合缶にt−DDM0.05質量部添加し、またt−ブチルパーオキシ−2−エチルヘキサノエートを添加せずに130℃で450分間保持した以外は参考例1と同様に行った。表1にゴム粒子の平均粒子径を示した。また、得られたゴム変性共重合樹脂の屈折率は1.549、重量平均分子量Mwは25.3万であった。
【0048】
参考例9:A−9
第1完全混合型重合缶に添加する単量体をスチレン45質量部、MMA41質量部にした以外は参考例1と同様に行った。表1にゴム粒子の平均粒子径を示した。また、得られたゴム変性共重合樹脂の屈折率は1.520、重量平均分子量Mwは14.5万であった。
【0049】
グラフト共重合体(B)の製造
参考例10:B−1
容積200リットルのオートクレーブに純水64kg、オレイン酸カリウム2000g、ロジン酸カリウム200g、炭酸ナトリウム1.2kg、炭酸水素ナトリウム20g、過硫酸カリウム400gを加えて撹拌下で均一に溶解した。次いでスチレン32.8kg、ブタジエン47.2kg、t−ドデシルメルカプタン320gを加え、撹拌しながら温度55℃で16時間重合し、さらに温度70℃に昇温して8時間放置して重合を完結しゴム状重合体ラテックスを得た。得られたラテックスにナトリウムスルホサクシネート45gを添加して充分安定化した後、0.2質量%塩酸水溶液と2質量%苛性ソーダ水溶液を別々のノズルから、ラテックスのPHが8〜9を保つように添加して凝集肥大化させゴム状重合体ラテックスを得た。
ゴム状重合体ラテックスを固形分換算で30kg計量して容積200Lのオートクレーブに移し、純水80kgを加え、攪拌しながら窒素気流下で温度50℃に昇温した。ここに硫酸第一鉄1.25g、エチレンジアミンテトラ酢酸ナトリウム2.5g、ロンガリット100gを溶解した純水2kgを加え、スチレン16.2kg、MMA13.8kgで構成される単量体溶液にt−ドデシルメルカプタン60gを添加した混合物と、ジイソプロピルベンゼンハイドロパーオキサイド120gをオレイン酸カリウム450gを含む純水8kgに分散した溶液とを、別々に6時間かけて連続添加した。添加終了後、温度を70℃に昇温して、さらにジイソプロピルベンゼンハイドロパーオキサイド30g添加した後2時間放置して重合を終了した。
得られた乳化液に酸化防止剤を加え、純水で固形分を15質量%に希釈した後に温度60℃に昇温し、激しく撹拌しながら希硫酸を加えて塩析を行い、その後温度を90℃に昇温して凝固させ、次に脱水、水洗、乾燥して粉末状のグラフト共重合体を得た。表2にゴム粒子の平均粒子径を示した。なお、乳化グラフト共重合体の平均粒子径はサンプルA−1に230℃で溶融混練して樹脂中に分散させたのち測定した。また、得られたグラフト共重合体の屈折率は1.549であった。
【0050】
参考例11、12:B−2〜3
容積200リットルのオートクレーブに純水115kg、オレイン酸カリウム500g、ピロリン酸ナトリウム75g、硫酸第一鉄1.5g、エチレンジアミンテトラ酢酸ナトリウム2.2g、ロンガリット22gを加えて撹拌下で均一に溶解した。次いでスチレン20.5kg、ブタジエン29.5kg、t−ドデシルメルカプタン148g、ジビニルベンゼン30g、ジイソプロピルベンゼンハイドロパーオキサイド96gを加え、撹拌しながら温度50℃で16時間反応を行って重合を完結しラテックスを得た。
このゴム状重合体ラテックスを使用した以外は、参考例5と同様に実施した。ゴム状重合体ラテックスの凝集肥大化の条件によりサンプルB−2〜3を得た。表2にゴム粒子の平均粒子径を示した。また、得られたグラフト共重合体の屈折率は1.549であった。
【0051】
参考例13:B−4
オレイン酸カリウムを100gとした以外は、参考例6と同様に実施した。凝集肥大化の操作は実施しなかった。表2にゴム粒子の平均粒子径を示した。また、得られたグラフト共重合体の屈折率は1.549であった。
【0052】
本発明の実施例においてシリコーンオイルは東レ・ダウコーニング・シリコーン株式会社製SH200−10000CS(ポリジメチルシロキサン)を用いた。
【0053】
実施例1〜12、比較例1〜9
ゴム変性共重合樹脂(A)、グラフト共重合体(B)、シリコーンオイルを表3〜表6に示す割合で配合し、東芝機械(株)社製二軸押出機(TEM−35B)を用い温度230℃でストランド状に押出し、ペレタイザーにて切断することによりペレット形状のゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物を得た。表3〜表6に物性評価結果を示した。
なお、表3〜表6の極大値の数は、ゴム粒子径体積頻度分布における極大値の数を表し、二峰性を2、単峰性を1とした。
【0054】
【表1】
【0055】
【表2】
【0056】
【表3】
【0057】
【表4】
【0058】
【表5】
【0059】
【表6】
【0060】
なお、評価は下記の方法によった。
(1)透明性
東芝機械(株)社製射出成形機(IS−50EPN)を用いて、金型温度60℃、シリンダー温度230℃で厚さ1mm、2mm、3mmの3段プレートを成形した。この3段プレートの2mm部を用い、JIS K7105に準拠し、日本電色(株)社製ヘーズメーター(NDH2000型)を用いて全光線透過率およびヘーズを測定した(単位:%)。
全HAZEはプレートのみを測定したときの値である。
内部HAZEとはホワイトオイルを満たしたガラスセルにプレートを挿入してガラスセルごと測定したHAZE値から、プレートを挿入せずにホワイトオイルを満たしたガラスセルのみで測定したHAZE値を差し引いた値である。また、外部HAZEは全HAZE値より内部HAZE値を差し引いた値である。
(2)耐衝撃性
東芝機械(株)社製射出成形機(IS−100FII2A)を用いて、金型温度60℃、シリンダー温度220℃で成形した長さ80mm、厚さ10mm、幅4mmのバーに,先端半径0.25mm、深さ2mmの切り欠きを入れエッジワイズ試験片とした。この試験片を用い支持台間距離60mmの条件で、JIS K7111に準拠してシャルピー衝撃強度を測定した(単位:kJ/m2)。
(3)曲げ強度
東芝機械(株)社製射出成形機(IS−100FII2A)を用いて、金型温度60℃、シリンダー温度220℃で成形した長さ80mm、厚さ10mm、幅4mmのバーを試験片とした。この試験片を用い、荷重400N、支点間距離64mm、試験速度2mm/minの条件で、JIS K7171に準拠して曲げ強度を測定した(単位:MPa)。
(4)屈折率
東芝機械(株)社製射出成形機(IS−50EPN)を用いて、金型温度60℃、シリンダー温度230℃で厚さ1mm、2mm、3mmの3段プレートを成形し、この3段プレートの2mm部を用いて測定を行った。この試験片を用いて、デジタル屈折計RX−2000(アタゴ社製)を用いて温度25℃で測定した。
【0061】
本発明の製造方法により得られたゴム変性共重合樹脂に係わる実施例は、いずれも透明性が良好で、かつ耐衝撃性、剛性とのバランスに優れたが、本発明の条件に合わない製造方法により得られたゴム変性共重合樹脂に係わる比較例では、剛性、透明性と耐衝撃性の物性バランスにおいて劣るものである。
【0062】
【発明の効果】
本発明の製造方法により得られるゴム変性共重合樹脂組成物は、透明性と耐衝撃性、剛性のバランスが良好であり、家電製品、包装材料を始め様々な用途に有用である。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a rubber-modified copolymer resin composition having excellent rigidity, impact resistance and transparency.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Rubber-modified styrenic copolymer resins exhibiting good transparency and impact resistance have been used in various applications such as home appliances, packaging materials, optical applications, and the like. However, with the expansion of application fields, further improvement in impact resistance has been required. As a conventional technique, there is known a method of adding an organic polysiloxane for defining the particle diameter of rubber particles dispersed in a resin in order to improve impact resistance. However, although the appearance is excellent by defining the particle size distribution, there are problems such as insufficient impact resistance and lack of transparency (for example, see Patent Document 1). It is also known that the content and the particle size distribution of the rubber particles to be dispersed are defined within a specific range, and a polydimethylsiloxane having a specific range of viscosity is added in a specific range. However, there has been a problem that the impact resistance is not sufficient although the transparency is excellent (for example, see Patent Document 2).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1] JP-A-6-57084 (pages 2 to 9)
[Patent Document 2] JP-A-9-20851 (pages 2 to 7)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for obtaining a rubber-modified copolymer resin composition having excellent rigidity and impact resistance without lowering transparency.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted studies to solve such problems, and as a result, a resin mixture containing a specific rubber-modified copolymer resin (A) and a specific graft copolymer (B) has been developed. The present invention has been found that a rubber-modified copolymer resin composition characterized by containing a specific proportion of silicone oil has excellent rigidity, transparency and impact resistance.
[0006]
That is, in the present invention, the volume average particle diameter (dv) of rubber particles dispersed in a resin obtained by polymerizing a styrene monomer and a (meth) acrylate monomer in the presence of a rubbery polymer is described. 94) to 50% by mass of a rubber-modified copolymer resin (A) having a particle size of 0.4 to 1.5 μm, and a styrene monomer and a (meth) acrylate monomer in the presence of a rubbery polymer latex. Resin mixture 100 containing 10 to 50% by mass of a graft copolymer (B) having a volume average particle diameter (dv) of 0.1 to 0.6 μm of rubber particles dispersed in a resin obtained by polymerization. A rubber-modified copolymer resin composition comprising 0.001 to 0.1 parts by mass of silicone oil based on parts by mass.
[0007]
More preferably, in the rubber particle diameter volume integrated distribution curve of the rubber particle distribution, a rubber-modified copolymer having at least one maximum value in each of particle diameters of 0.1 μm or more and less than 0.6 μm and 0.6 μm or more and less than 2.0 μm. It is a resin composition.
[0008]
More preferably, the rubber-modified copolymer resin composition is characterized in that the difference in refractive index between the rubber-modified copolymer resin (A) and the graft copolymer (B) at a temperature of 25 ° C. is less than 0.03. is there.
[0009]
In the present invention, the method of adding the silicone oil is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of adding during the polymerization and a method of melt-kneading with an extruder.
[0010]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. First, the rubber-modified copolymer resin (A) used in the present invention will be described.
The rubber-modified copolymer resin (A) is obtained by polymerizing a styrene monomer and a (meth) acrylate monomer in the presence of a rubbery polymer.
[0011]
The styrene monomer used in the present invention includes styrene, α-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, pt-butylstyrene, and the like, and styrene is preferred. These styrene monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0012]
The (meth) acrylate monomer used in the present invention includes methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, 2-methylhexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, and the like. However, preferred are methyl methacrylate and n-butyl acrylate. These (meth) acrylate monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more. However, it is most preferable to use methyl methacrylate and n-butyl acrylate in combination.
[0013]
The ratio of the styrene monomer and the (meth) acrylate monomer is preferably 5 to 95 parts by mass of the styrene monomer and 95 to 5 parts by mass of the (meth) acrylate monomer. Preferably, it is 10 to 90 parts by mass of the styrene monomer and 90 to 10 parts by mass of the (meth) acrylate monomer. However, the total of the styrene monomer and the (meth) acrylate monomer is 100 parts by mass. When the styrene-based monomer and the (meth) acrylate-based monomer are out of the above ranges, impact resistance, transparency and the like may be poor.
In the present invention, monomers other than styrene-based monomers and (meth) acrylate-based monomers, for example, acrylonitrile, maleic anhydride, N-phenylmaleimide, methacrylic acid, etc., If it is less than 50 parts by mass with respect to the total 100 parts by mass of the acrylate monomer, it can be contained.
[0014]
The rubbery polymer used in the present invention includes polybutadiene, styrene-butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene block rubber, partially hydrogenated polybutadiene, partially hydrogenated styrene-butadiene rubber, partially hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block rubber, and the like. Latex is not included in properties. Styrene-butadiene rubber and styrene-butadiene block rubber having a styrene content of 20 to 50% by mass are preferable, and styrene-butadiene block having a block styrene content of 20 to 35% by mass and a styrene content of 30 to 45% by mass are more preferable. It is rubber. Further, the viscosity of the 5% by mass styrene solution at a temperature of 25 ° C. is preferably 15 to 200 mPa · s, and more preferably 20 to 60 mPa · s. The proportion of 1,2-vinyl bonds among the unsaturated bonds based on butadiene is preferably from 8 to 25 mol%, more preferably from 12 to 20 mol%. By using these rubbery polymers, a rubber-modified copolymer resin having excellent impact resistance and transparency can be efficiently obtained.
In the present invention, a polymer other than the rubbery polymer such as a styrene-butadiene-styrene resin can be contained if it is less than 50 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the rubbery polymer.
In the present invention, the viscosity was measured using a disk-type rotational viscometer (Tokimec Viscometer BL Model, Ltd.) described in Section 5.5.2 of Chemical Engineering Handbook Revised 5th Edition.
[0015]
The ratio of the rubber-like polymer is preferably 0.1 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 3 to 20 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the total of the styrene-based monomer and the (meth) acrylate-based monomer. It is. When the rubbery polymer is out of the above range, the intended purpose may not be achieved, for example, the balance between impact resistance and transparency of the obtained rubber-modified copolymer resin is poor.
[0016]
Rubber particles are dispersed in the rubber-modified copolymer resin (A). The volume average particle diameter (dv) of the rubber particles dispersed in the rubber-modified copolymer resin (A) is 0.40 to 1.50 μm, preferably 0.45 to 1.40 μm, and more preferably 0.50 to 1.40 μm. 30 μm. When the volume average particle diameter of the rubber particles is less than 0.40 μm, the impact resistance is low, and when it exceeds 1.50 μm, transparency and rigidity are poor.
The volume average particle diameter (dv) is determined by diluting the polymerization solution with dimethylformamide or dissolving the obtained resin in dimethylformamide, dispersing the rubber particles in an ultrasonic bath for about 20 minutes, and filling this with dimethylformamide. Dropped into a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer (LS-230) manufactured by Beckman Coulter Co., Ltd., and measured for polarization scattering intensity difference (PIDS theory: 0.04 to 2000 μm, number of channels for particle size classification) 116) (particle diameter equivalent to volume sphere = (6v / π))1 / 3) Was determined as the average particle diameter obtained by the following equation [Equation 1].
(Equation 1)
[0017]
Further, in the rubber particle diameter volume integrated distribution curve, a particle diameter of less than 0.8 μm is 90 to 20% by volume, preferably 85 to 25%, more preferably 80 to 30%, and 0.8 μm or more is 10 to 80% by volume, preferably Are rubber particles of 15 to 75%, more preferably 20 to 70% by volume. If the volume integrated distribution curve of the rubber particles is out of this range, the obtained rubber-modified copolymer resin composition will not achieve its objectives such as poor balance of impact resistance and transparency.
In addition, the rubber particle diameter volume cumulative distribution curve is obtained by calculating the particle diameter and the ratio in the same manner as the volume average particle diameter, the horizontal axis represents the particle diameter, and the vertical axis represents the volume cumulative distribution of the rubber particle diameter distribution displayed by integrating the volume fraction. It refers to a curve.
[0018]
In the present invention, a styrene monomer and a (meth) acrylate monomer are polymerized in the presence of a rubbery polymer. The rubbery polymer is usually used after dissolving in a styrene monomer and / or a (meth) acrylate monomer.
[0019]
At the time of polymerization, t-butylperoxybenzoate, t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate, 1,1-bis (t-butylperoxy) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 1,1-bis (T-butylperoxy) -cyclohexane, 2,2-bis (4,4-di-butylperoxycyclohexyl) propane, t-butylperoxyisopropyl monocarbonate, di-t-butyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide It is preferable to add a known polymerization initiator such as ethyl-3,3-di- (t-butylperoxy) butyrate.
[0020]
The amount of the polymerization initiator to be added is preferably 0.005 to 5 parts by mass, more preferably 100 parts by mass of the total of the styrene-based monomer, the (meth) acrylate-based monomer, and the rubbery polymer. It is 0.01 to 1 part by mass. If the ratio is outside the above range, the intended purpose may not be achieved, for example, the balance between impact resistance and transparency of the obtained rubber-modified copolymer resin composition is poor.
[0021]
In addition, at the time of polymerization, it is preferable to add a known molecular weight modifier such as 4-methyl-2,4-diphenylpentene-1, t-dodecylmercaptan, or n-dodecylmercaptan. The amount of the molecular weight modifier to be added is preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by mass, more preferably 0 to 5 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the total of the styrene monomer, the (meth) acrylate monomer and the rubbery polymer. 15 to 1 part by mass. If the ratio is outside the above range, the intended purpose may not be achieved, for example, the balance between impact resistance and transparency of the obtained rubber-modified copolymer resin composition is poor.
[0022]
Further, at the time of polymerization, a known crosslinking agent such as divinylbenzene, or a known antioxidant such as octadecyl-3- (3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate may be added.
[0023]
In carrying out the polymerization, a solvent such as ethylbenzene or toluene is preferably used in an amount of 0.1 to 50 parts by mass, more preferably 3 to 100 parts by mass, based on a total of 100 parts by mass of the styrene-based monomer and the (meth) acrylate-based monomer. Up to 20 parts by mass may be used. Use of a solvent may be preferable in some cases, such as removal of heat of polymerization reaction.
[0024]
The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the rubber-modified copolymer resin (A) is preferably from 80,000 to 250,000, more preferably from 100,000 to 200,000. When the rubber-modified copolymer resin composition has a Mw of less than 80,000, the impact resistance is poor, and when it exceeds 250,000, the transparency is reduced, and the dependence of the transparency on molding conditions is increased. The Mw can be adjusted by adjusting the type and amount of the polymerization initiator and the molecular weight modifier, the polymerization temperature conditions, and the like.
[0025]
Known polymerization methods such as bulk polymerization and solution polymerization can be employed as the polymerization method, and known methods such as continuous operation, batch operation, and semi-batch operation can be employed as the polymerization operation.
[0026]
Next, the graft copolymer (B) used in the present invention will be described.
The graft copolymer (B) is obtained by polymerizing a styrene monomer and a (meth) acrylate monomer in the presence of a rubbery polymer latex.
[0027]
The styrene monomer and the (meth) acrylate monomer used may be the same as those used in the rubber-modified copolymer resin (A), but the styrene monomer is preferably styrene. And the (meth) acrylate-based monomer is preferably methyl methacrylate or n-butyl acrylate. These (meth) acrylate monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more, but it is most preferable to use methyl methacrylate and n-butyl acrylate in combination.
In addition, monomers other than styrene monomers and (meth) acrylate monomers, such as acrylonitrile, maleic anhydride, and methacrylic acid, are also styrene monomers and (meth) acrylate monomers. If it is less than 50 parts by mass with respect to the total 100 parts by mass of the body, it can be contained.
[0028]
The rubber-like polymer latex is a latex comprising a rubber-like polymer such as polybutadiene, styrene-butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene block rubber, partially hydrogenated polybutadiene, partially hydrogenated styrene-butadiene rubber, and partially hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block rubber. And most preferably a latex of styrene-butadiene rubber having a styrene content of 20 to 50% by mass relative to 100% by mass of the rubbery polymer. The proportion of the rubbery polymer in the latex is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 50% by mass of the rubbery polymer based on 100 parts by mass of the latex.
[0029]
The proportion of the rubbery polymer latex used is preferably 30 to 1200 parts by mass, more preferably 150 to 1000 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the total of the styrene monomer and the (meth) acrylate monomer. Department. When the rubbery polymer latex is out of the above range, the intended purpose may not be achieved, such as inferior impact resistance and the like when the obtained graft copolymer (B) and rubber-modified copolymer resin composition are used.
[0030]
The polymerization of the styrene monomer and the (meth) acrylate monomer preferably employs emulsion polymerization. At the time of polymerization, known polymerization initiators, molecular weight regulators, crosslinking agents, antioxidants and the like may be added.
[0031]
Rubber particles are dispersed in the graft copolymer (B). The volume average particle diameter (dv) of the rubber particles dispersed in the graft copolymer (B) is 0.10 to 0.60 μm, preferably 0.12 to 0.50 μm, and more preferably 0.14 to 0.40 μm. It is. When the average particle size of the rubber particles is less than 0.10 μm, the impact resistance is low, and when it exceeds 0.60 μm, the transparency and rigidity are poor. The measurement of the rubber particles can be performed in the same manner as in the case of the rubber-modified copolymer (A).
The average particle size of the rubber particles can be adjusted by coagulation and enlargement of the rubbery polymer latex described in JP-B-63-47745, JP-A-11-147993, and the like.
[0032]
The silicone oil added in the present invention is generally an organic polysiloxane compound, and is not particularly limited as long as it has a [formula 1] skeleton in its molecular structure.
Embedded image
Examples of the silicone oil used in the present invention include, for example, polydimethyl siloxane, polydiphenyl siloxane, polyphenyl siloxane, and hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, vinyl groups, amino groups, epoxy groups at the terminal or in the molecular chain of these polymers. A polymer into which a group, an alkoxy group, a fluorine group or the like is introduced can be used. The molecular weight of the organic polysiloxane is not particularly limited, and may have two or more types of structural units. The silicone oil may contain additives other than the organic polysiloxane, for example, additives such as a mineral oil, an antioxidant, and a lubricant as long as the amount is less than 60 parts by mass with respect to the total 100 parts by mass of the organic polysiloxane. . By adding silicone oil, impact resistance is improved, moldability is improved, and the surface shape of the molded body is smoothed, so that light scattering on the surface of the molded body is reduced and transparency is improved. . In the present invention, light scattering on the surface of the molded article is reduced as an index indicating the transparency, and the transparency is improved. In the present invention, as an index indicating transparency, an external HAZE indicating light scattering effect on the surface of the molded article, an internal HAZE indicating light scattering effect inside the molded article, and a total light transmittance are used.
[0033]
The rubber-modified copolymer resin composition of the present invention comprises a rubber-modified copolymer resin (A), a graft copolymer (B) and silicone oil. The ratio of the rubber-modified copolymer resin (A) and the graft copolymer (B) is as follows: rubber-modified copolymer resin (A): graft copolymer (B) = 94 to 50% by mass: 6 to 50% by mass, preferably Is from 85 to 60% by mass, from 15 to 40% by mass, more preferably from 80 to 65% by mass: 20 to 35% by mass. However, (A) + (B) = 100% by mass. When the rubber-modified copolymer resin (A) is more than 94% by mass, impact resistance is poor, and when it is less than 50% by mass, transparency and rigidity are poor.
The silicone oil is used in an amount of 0.001 to 0.1 part by mass, preferably 0.002 to 0.06 part by mass, and more preferably 0.1 to 100 parts by mass based on the resin mixture ((A) + (B) = 100 parts by mass). 003 to 0.04 parts by mass are added. When the addition amount of the silicone oil is less than 0.001 part by mass, the impact resistance and the transparency (external HAZE) are inferior, and when it exceeds 0.01 part by mass, the transparency (internal HAZE) is inferior. Not achieving purpose.
The rubber-modified copolymer resin (A) and the graft copolymer (B), which are part of the rubber-modified copolymer resin composition, are each composed of two or more rubber-modified copolymer resins (A) and graft copolymers. It may be composed of the union (B).
[0034]
In the present invention, the difference in refractive index between the rubber-modified copolymer resin (A) and the graft copolymer (B) at a temperature of 25 ° C. is less than 0.03, preferably less than 0.02, and more preferably less than 0.01. It is. If the difference in the refractive index is 0.03 or more, the transparency is greatly reduced when the rubber-modified copolymer resin composition is used, which is not preferable.
Further, the refractive indexes of the rubber-modified copolymer resin (A) and the graft copolymer (B) at a temperature of 25 ° C. are preferably 1.52 to 1.57, more preferably 1.53 to 1.56, respectively. is there.
[0035]
In addition, the refractive index of this invention was measured at 25 degreeC using the digital refractometer RX-2000 (made by Atago). The test piece used for the measurement was a 3-stage plate having a thickness of 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm at a mold temperature of 60 ° C. and a cylinder temperature of 230 ° C., using an injection molding machine (IS-50EPN) manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd. It was molded and measured using a 2 mm portion of the three-stage plate.
[0036]
The rubber-modified copolymer resin (A), the graft copolymer (B) and the silicone oil can be mixed by a known method to obtain a rubber-modified copolymer resin composition. For example, a method of adding silicone oil at the time of polymerization of (A) or (B), a method of adding (A) and (B) at the time of melt-kneading with an extruder, and the like can be mentioned.
[0037]
The rubber-modified copolymer resin composition of the present invention can optionally contain additives such as an antioxidant, a weathering agent, a lubricant, a plasticizer, a coloring agent, an antistatic agent, a mineral oil, and a flame retardant. It can be added at any stage during production. The method for adding the additive is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of adding during polymerization and a method of melt-kneading with an extruder.
[0038]
The rubber-modified copolymer resin composition obtained by the production method of the present invention is processed into various molded articles by a known method such as injection molding, extrusion molding, compression molding, and vacuum molding, and is put to practical use.
[0039]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be further described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0040]
Production of rubber-modified copolymer resin (A)
Reference Example 1: A-1
A first complete mixing reactor having a volume of about 100 L with a stirrer (pitched paddle blades) and a second complete mixing reactor having a volume of about 200 L with a stirrer (three retreating blades) are arranged in series. did. Styrene-butadiene block rubber having a block styrene content of 30% by mass and a styrene content of 40% by mass (Asaprene 670A manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation: 5% by mass styrene solution viscosity at a temperature of 25 ° C. 33 mPa · s, ratio of 1,2-vinyl bond 13) 9 parts by mass) was dissolved in a monomer composed of 51 parts by mass of styrene, 35 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate (hereinafter, MMA), and 5 parts by mass of n-butyl acrylate (hereinafter, n-BA), A lysate was obtained. 80 kg of the solution was charged into a first complete mixing type reactor, and 0.16 parts by mass of t-dodecyl mercaptan (hereinafter referred to as t-DDM) was added to 100 parts by mass of the solution, and t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate was used. The solution temperature in the polymerization vessel was maintained at 92 ° C. for 390 minutes while adding 0.05 parts by mass and stirring at 190 rpm, and then cooled to bring the solution temperature to 60 ° C. The polymerization liquid at a temperature of 60 ° C. was stirred at 190 rpm to apply shear to form rubber particles.
100 kg of water and 300 g of tertiary calcium phosphate were charged into the second complete mixing reactor, and stirred at 150 rpm, and 80 kg of the polymerization liquid was introduced from the first complete mixing reactor. Then, 80.0 g of ethyl-3,3-di- (t-butylperoxy) butyrate was added, and suspension polymerization was carried out at a temperature of 110 ° C. for 300 minutes and further at a temperature of 135 ° C. for 60 minutes to obtain a bead-shaped rubber. A modified copolymer resin was obtained. The dried beads were extruded into a strand and cut to obtain a pellet-shaped rubber-modified copolymer resin. Table 1 shows the average particle size of the rubber particles. The obtained rubber-modified copolymer resin had a refractive index of 1.549 and a weight average molecular weight Mw of 146,000.
[0041]
Reference Example 2: A-2
The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 except that the amount of t-DDM added to the first complete-mixing type polymerization vessel was 0.18 parts by mass. Table 1 shows the average particle size of the rubber particles. The obtained rubber-modified copolymer resin had a refractive index of 1.549 and a weight-average molecular weight Mw of 12.9 thousand.
[0042]
Reference Example 3: A-3
The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 except that the liquid temperature in the first complete mixing type polymerization vessel was kept at 92 ° C for 390 minutes, and then cooled to 30 ° C. Table 1 shows the average particle size of the rubber particles. Moreover, the refractive index of the obtained rubber-modified copolymer resin was 1.549, and the weight average molecular weight Mw was 145,000.
[0043]
Reference Example 4: A-4
The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Reference Example 2 except that the temperature of the liquid in the first complete mixing type polymerization vessel was kept at 92 ° C. for 390 minutes, and then the mixture was introduced into the second complete mixing type reactor without cooling. Table 1 shows the average particle size of the rubber particles. The obtained rubber-modified copolymer resin had a refractive index of 1.549 and a weight average molecular weight Mw of 128,000.
[0044]
Reference Example 5: A-5
The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Reference Example 1, except that the amount of t-DDM added to the first complete-mixing type polymerization vessel was 0.14 parts by mass. Table 1 shows the average particle size of the rubber particles. Moreover, the refractive index of the obtained rubber-modified copolymer resin was 1.549, and the weight average molecular weight Mw was 15,000.
[0045]
Reference Example 6: A-6
The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Reference Example 2 except that the liquid temperature in the first complete mixing type polymerization vessel was kept at 92 ° C. for 390 minutes, and then cooled to 82 ° C. Table 1 shows the average particle size of the rubber particles. The obtained rubber-modified copolymer resin had a refractive index of 1.549 and a weight average molecular weight Mw of 128,000.
[0046]
Reference Example 7: A-7
The operation was performed in the same manner as in Reference Example 5 except that 160 g of t-DDM was added in the second complete mixing reactor. Table 1 shows the average particle size of the rubber particles. The obtained rubber-modified copolymer resin had a refractive index of 1.549 and a weight average molecular weight Mw of 77,000.
[0047]
Reference Example 8: A-8
Same as Reference Example 1 except that 0.05 parts by mass of t-DDM was added to the first complete mixing type polymerization vessel, and the mixture was kept at 130 ° C. for 450 minutes without adding t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate. I went to. Table 1 shows the average particle size of the rubber particles. The obtained rubber-modified copolymer resin had a refractive index of 1.549 and a weight average molecular weight Mw of 253,000.
[0048]
Reference Example 9: A-9
The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 except that the amount of the monomer added to the first complete-mixing type polymerization reactor was changed to 45 parts by mass of styrene and 41 parts by mass of MMA. Table 1 shows the average particle size of the rubber particles. Moreover, the refractive index of the obtained rubber-modified copolymer resin was 1.520, and the weight average molecular weight Mw was 145,000.
[0049]
Production of graft copolymer (B)
Reference Example 10: B-1
64 kg of pure water, 2000 g of potassium oleate, 200 g of potassium rosinate, 1.2 kg of sodium carbonate, 20 g of sodium hydrogen carbonate, and 400 g of potassium persulfate were added to a 200-liter autoclave and uniformly dissolved with stirring. Next, 32.8 kg of styrene, 47.2 kg of butadiene, and 320 g of t-dodecyl mercaptan were added, and the mixture was polymerized at 55 ° C. for 16 hours with stirring, and further heated to 70 ° C. and left for 8 hours to complete the polymerization. A polymer latex was obtained. After adding 45 g of sodium sulfosuccinate to the obtained latex to sufficiently stabilize it, a 0.2% by mass aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid and a 2% by mass aqueous solution of caustic soda were separately fed from separate nozzles so that the pH of the latex was kept at 8 to 9. It was added and coagulated and enlarged to obtain a rubbery polymer latex.
30 kg of the rubber-like polymer latex was weighed in terms of solid content, transferred to an autoclave having a volume of 200 L, added with 80 kg of pure water, and heated to 50 ° C. under a nitrogen stream while stirring. To this, 1.25 g of ferrous sulfate, 2.5 g of sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate and 2 kg of pure water in which Rongalite 100 g were dissolved were added, and t-dodecyl mercaptan was added to a monomer solution composed of 16.2 kg of styrene and 13.8 kg of MMA. A mixture to which 60 g was added and a solution in which 120 g of diisopropylbenzene hydroperoxide was dispersed in 8 kg of pure water containing 450 g of potassium oleate were separately added continuously over 6 hours. After the addition was completed, the temperature was raised to 70 ° C., 30 g of diisopropylbenzene hydroperoxide was further added, and the mixture was left for 2 hours to complete the polymerization.
An antioxidant was added to the obtained emulsion, the solid content was diluted to 15% by mass with pure water, then the temperature was raised to 60 ° C, and salted out by adding dilute sulfuric acid with vigorous stirring. The temperature was raised to 90 ° C. for coagulation, followed by dehydration, washing with water and drying to obtain a powdery graft copolymer. Table 2 shows the average particle size of the rubber particles. The average particle size of the emulsion graft copolymer was measured after melt-kneading the sample A-1 at 230 ° C. and dispersing it in the resin. The refractive index of the obtained graft copolymer was 1.549.
[0050]
Reference Examples 11 and 12: B-2 to 3
115 kg of pure water, 500 g of potassium oleate, 75 g of sodium pyrophosphate, 1.5 g of ferrous sulfate, 2.2 g of sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, and 22 g of Rongalite were added to a 200-liter autoclave and uniformly dissolved with stirring. Then, 20.5 kg of styrene, 29.5 kg of butadiene, 148 g of t-dodecylmercaptan, 30 g of divinylbenzene and 96 g of diisopropylbenzene hydroperoxide were added, and the mixture was reacted at 50 ° C. for 16 hours with stirring to complete the polymerization and obtain a latex. Was.
The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Reference Example 5 except that this rubber-like polymer latex was used. Samples B-2 to B-3 were obtained according to the conditions for coagulation and enlargement of the rubber-like polymer latex. Table 2 shows the average particle size of the rubber particles. The refractive index of the obtained graft copolymer was 1.549.
[0051]
Reference Example 13: B-4
The same operation as in Reference Example 6 was carried out except that the amount of potassium oleate was changed to 100 g. The operation of coagulation hypertrophy was not performed. Table 2 shows the average particle size of the rubber particles. The refractive index of the obtained graft copolymer was 1.549.
[0052]
In Examples of the present invention, SH200-10000CS (polydimethylsiloxane) manufactured by Dow Corning Toray Silicone Co., Ltd. was used as the silicone oil.
[0053]
Examples 1 to 12, Comparative Examples 1 to 9
The rubber-modified copolymer resin (A), the graft copolymer (B), and the silicone oil are blended in the proportions shown in Tables 3 to 6, and a twin screw extruder (TEM-35B) manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd. is used. The mixture was extruded into a strand at a temperature of 230 ° C. and cut with a pelletizer to obtain a pellet-shaped rubber-modified copolymer resin composition. Tables 3 to 6 show the physical property evaluation results.
In addition, the number of the maximum values in Tables 3 to 6 represents the number of the maximum values in the rubber particle diameter volume frequency distribution.
[0054]
[Table 1]
[0055]
[Table 2]
[0056]
[Table 3]
[0057]
[Table 4]
[0058]
[Table 5]
[0059]
[Table 6]
[0060]
In addition, evaluation was based on the following method.
(1) Transparency
Using an injection molding machine (IS-50EPN) manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd., a three-stage plate having a thickness of 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm was molded at a mold temperature of 60 ° C and a cylinder temperature of 230 ° C. Using a 2 mm portion of the three-stage plate, the total light transmittance and haze were measured using a haze meter (Model NDH2000) manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Co., Ltd. in accordance with JIS K7105 (unit:%).
The total HAZE is a value when only the plate is measured.
The internal haze is a value obtained by subtracting the haze value measured only with the glass cell filled with white oil without inserting the plate from the haze value measured with the plate inserted into the glass cell filled with white oil. is there. Further, the external HAZE is a value obtained by subtracting the internal HAZE value from the total HAZE value.
(2) Impact resistance
Using an injection molding machine (IS-100FII2A) manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd., a bar having a length of 80 mm, a thickness of 10 mm, and a width of 4 mm was formed at a mold temperature of 60 ° C. and a cylinder temperature of 220 ° C. A cutout of 25 mm and a depth of 2 mm was made into an edgewise test piece. Using this test piece, the Charpy impact strength was measured according to JIS K7111 under the condition of a distance between supports of 60 mm (unit: kJ / m).2).
(3) Bending strength
Using an injection molding machine (IS-100FII2A) manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd., a bar having a length of 80 mm, a thickness of 10 mm, and a width of 4 mm molded at a mold temperature of 60 ° C. and a cylinder temperature of 220 ° C. was used as a test piece. Using this test piece, the bending strength was measured (unit: MPa) under the conditions of a load of 400 N, a distance between supporting points of 64 mm, and a test speed of 2 mm / min according to JIS K7171.
(4) Refractive index
Using an injection molding machine (IS-50EPN) manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd., a three-stage plate having a thickness of 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm was molded at a mold temperature of 60 ° C. and a cylinder temperature of 230 ° C. The measurement was performed using a 2 mm portion. Using this test piece, measurement was performed at a temperature of 25 ° C. using a digital refractometer RX-2000 (manufactured by Atago).
[0061]
Examples relating to the rubber-modified copolymer resin obtained by the production method of the present invention have good transparency, and are excellent in impact resistance and rigidity, but the production does not meet the conditions of the present invention. Comparative examples relating to the rubber-modified copolymer resin obtained by the method are inferior in the balance of physical properties of rigidity, transparency and impact resistance.
[0062]
【The invention's effect】
The rubber-modified copolymer resin composition obtained by the production method of the present invention has a good balance of transparency, impact resistance, and rigidity, and is useful for various applications including home appliances and packaging materials.
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Cited By (4)
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JP2007137945A (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-06-07 | Techno Polymer Co Ltd | Thermoplastic resin composition and molded product |
JP2011080000A (en) * | 2009-10-09 | 2011-04-21 | Daicel Polymer Ltd | Thermoplastic resin composition |
CN104619771A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2015-05-13 | 株式会社钟化 | Acrylic resin film |
KR101743803B1 (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2017-06-15 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | MBS resin, method for preparing thereof, and PC resin composition |
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Cited By (4)
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JP2007137945A (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-06-07 | Techno Polymer Co Ltd | Thermoplastic resin composition and molded product |
JP2011080000A (en) * | 2009-10-09 | 2011-04-21 | Daicel Polymer Ltd | Thermoplastic resin composition |
CN104619771A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2015-05-13 | 株式会社钟化 | Acrylic resin film |
KR101743803B1 (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2017-06-15 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | MBS resin, method for preparing thereof, and PC resin composition |
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