JP2004162205A - Sheath/core-type monofilament and fishnet using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sheath/core-type monofilament and a fishnet using the same low in load in production process, having high specific gravity and abrasion resistance, and low in environmental burden. <P>SOLUTION: The sheath/core-type monofilament 1.8-5 in specific gravity is composed of, as the core component, a polyamide resin containing metallic tungsten particles or tungsten compound particles 2-30μm in mean size, thus 2.5-12 in specific gravity and as the sheath component, a polyamide resin or polyester resin. The fishnet, 1.5-3 in specific gravity, is produced by blending the sheath/core-type monofilaments and multifilaments of a polyamide resin or polyester resin together in the volume ratio of (5:95) to (60:40). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【００８０】
【表２】

【００８１】
比較例１に示すように、芯鞘型モノフィラメントの芯部分に含まれるタングステン粒子が大きい場合は製糸製が悪く、低強度の繊維しか得ることができなかった。また、比較例１の繊維を製網に用いた場合には、強度不足のため製網工程での断糸が多く、安定して網を得ることができなかった。比較例２に示すような、芯部分に比重が２．５未満のポリマーを用いた場合は、本発明で規定している比重１．８以上の芯鞘型モノフィラメントを得ることが出来るが、鞘部分の体積％が少なくなることから、耐摩耗性や強度に問題があり、製糸性も比較例１と比較すると良いものの実施例１〜６と比較すると断糸が多いものであった。また、比較例３に示すように、強度が４．５ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘを超えるような繊維を得る場合は、芯部分の体積減少により高比重繊維を得ることが出来なかった。
［実施例７、８］
実施例３記載の高比重繊維と黒原着ポリエチレンテレフタレートマルチフィラメント（１１００ｄｔｅｘ−９６フィラメント、強度５．５ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ、ＣＦ値３７）を漁網とした際に全体の繊度が１００００ｄｔｅｘで、表３に記載する体積比となるように、黒原着マルチフィラメントを数本引き揃え、下撚りをかけ下撚糸となし、上記製造方法により巻き取った高比重芯鞘型モノフィラメントと下撚糸合わせて撚って中撚りをかけ、さらに、通常の方法によって、竪型無結節編網機を用いて目合い１５０ｍｍの無結節定置網を製造した。かくして得られた、無結節定置網の特性について評価し、表２に示した。
［実施例９、１０］
実施例１の高比重繊維を用いて表３に記載する体積比で黒原着マルチフィラメントと混繊したこと以外は実施例７と同様に行なった。
［比較例４］
実施例１の高比重繊維のみを用いて、マルチフィラメントと混繊しなかったこと以外は実施例７と同様に行った。
［比較例５］
実施例２の高比重繊維を用いて表３に記載する体積比で黒原着マルチフィラメントと混繊したこと以外は実施例７と同様に行なった。
［比較例６］
実施例１の高比重繊維を用いて表３に記載する体積比で黒原着マルチフィラメントと混繊したこと以外は実施例７と同様に行なった。
【００８２】
【表３】

【００８３】
表３から明らかなように、本発明の方法を用いて作製した漁網は比重が高く、強力の高いものであった。しかし、本発明の範囲を超える漁網、例えばマルチフィラメントと混繊すること無く漁網とした比較例４は網が堅いだけでなく、強力が弱く、比較例５の方法によって得られた漁網は比重の高い芯鞘複合繊維を使用しているにもかかわらず、漁網の比重が低く、比較例６の方法で得られた漁網は網が堅く、実用に供することが出来ないものであった。
【００８４】
【発明の効果】
本発明の芯鞘型モノフィラメントは芯層にタングステンを含有させることにより、少ない含有量で高比重化が可能となり、平均粒径が２〜３０μｍのタングステンを用いているため、樹脂への分散性に優れ、製糸性良好で高比重の芯鞘型モノフィラメントである。また、本発明の漁網は、比重１．８〜５の芯鞘型モノフィラメントを使用し、ポリアミド樹脂又はポリエステル樹脂からなるマルチフィラメントを体積比５：９５〜６０：４０の割合で混繊して製網した比重が１．５〜３の漁網であるため、比重が高く海流等によってフカレにくく、優れた耐摩耗性を有している。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a monofilament which is excellent in safety, sedimentation in water, and durability and can be suitably used as a marine material, and a fishing net using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, fibers for fishery materials, especially fibers used for fishing nets for fixed nets, have a high specific gravity in addition to the high elongation characteristics, because they settle quickly in the sea and are less susceptible to tidal currents. is important. Fibers for fixed nets require abrasion resistance so that the strength does not decrease early due to frequent fishing, and a black color tone is required so as not to give a warning to fish. Have been.
[0003]
Conventionally, vinylidene chloride fiber has been widely used as a high specific gravity fiber used in such applications.However, vinylidene chloride fiber has a low strength when used alone, and polyester is used to supplement the strength of vinylidene chloride fiber. When high strength yarns such as nylon and nylon are mixed and used, there is a problem that the specific gravity of the mixed yarns becomes low and the sedimentation of the net is insufficient.
[0004]
As a method of solving such a problem and obtaining a fishing net having a high specific gravity and excellent wear resistance, a composite monofilament using nylon as a sheath component and lead metal as a core component has been put to practical use. However, while a composite monofilament containing nylon as a sheath and lead metal as a core component can obtain a specific gravity exceeding 2.0, there is a possibility of lead damage during use and disposal when using metal lead. .
[0005]
As a method of avoiding lead damage, for example, as described in Patent Documents 1 to 4, etc., a composition obtained by kneading a high specific gravity substance such as titanium dioxide and barium sulfate to various thermoplastic polymers is spun. Fiber-forming technology has been proposed.
[0006]
However, in these conventional techniques, it is necessary to knead a large amount of a substance having a high specific gravity in order to obtain a target specific gravity, and there is a problem that the strength is significantly reduced. Furthermore, since the resin obtained by kneading the high specific gravity substance into the thermoplastic polymer is spun alone, a part of the high specific gravity substance is exposed on the fiber surface layer. Abrasion is accelerated, and furthermore, there is a problem that the roll surface is worn or damaged in the stretching step, and the operability is extremely poor. In addition, since high specific gravity particles are dispersed throughout the fiber, there is also a problem in abrasion resistance as a fishing net.
[0007]
Patent Literatures 5 to 15 etc. disclose mainly the specific gravity of the core component of the core-sheath composite yarn as an effective method to prevent the abrasion of the roller during yarn production and to balance the specific gravity, strength, appearance and abrasion resistance of the high specific gravity yarn. A fiber in which a sheath component mainly has strength, appearance, and abrasion resistance, or a fishing net using the same is described.
[0008]
However, in the method described in Patent Document 5, in order to obtain a high specific gravity fiber having a specific gravity of 1.51 or more using a resin having a low specific gravity, the volume ratio of particles in the fiber is increased, so that the spinning property is remarkably increased. However, when used as a fishing net, there is a problem that the wear resistance is poor.
[0009]
In the methods described in Patent Documents 6 and 10, polyester, which is said to have good abrasion resistance because it is a crystalline polymer, uses both a core component and a sheath component, but has conventionally been used as a fishing net. Abrasion resistance is lower than that of polyamide. In addition, in order to increase the specific gravity as a fishing net, an example in which tungsten particles having an average particle size of 1 μm or less is used in Example 6 of Reference Document 6, but tungsten particles having an average particle size of 1 μm or less cause secondary aggregation. Tungsten particles having an average particle diameter of 2 μm or less are likely to spontaneously ignite, and therefore have a problem that special handling is required for their handling. .
[0010]
In the methods described in Patent Literature 7, Patent Literature 8, Patent Literature 9, Patent Literature 10, Patent Literature 12, Patent Literature 13, Patent Literature 14, and Patent Literature 16, particles used or particles which are preferably used The specific gravity of each of them is 6.5 or less. If it is intended to obtain fibers having a specific gravity of 1.5 or more expected in an actual fishing ground using only particles having a specific gravity of 6.5 or less, Since the volume ratio of the particles inside becomes large, there is a problem that the spinnability is remarkably deteriorated and the abrasion resistance is poor.
[0011]
Further, as described in Examples of Patent Document 6, Patent Document 8, Patent Document 9, Patent Document 11, Patent Document 13, and Patent Document 14, when the core-sheath type high specific gravity fiber is solely meshed, seawater is used. Although it is possible to obtain a fishing net with a high sedimentation speed, the core-sheath type high specific gravity fiber has high a specific gravity particles in its core part, so the core part has poor abrasion resistance, and only the thin sheath part has abrasion resistance. Therefore, there was a problem in abrasion resistance as a fishing net.
[0012]
Further, as described in Patent Document 15, when a high-strength, high-specific-gravity fiber such as a fishing line is obtained using a core-sheath composite fiber, a composite abnormality at the time of spinning caused by reducing the volume of the core is reduced. It has a problem that it is liable to occur and the specific gravity of the fiber is low.
[0013]
Patent Documents 17 to 20 and the like describe a method of fiberizing a resin having a high specific gravity and excellent wear resistance. However, there is a problem that the price of the fluororesin is high, and the cost of the fiber using this resin and the price of the fishing net using the fiber are also high.
[0014]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-54-38921
[0015]
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-59-157312
[0016]
[Patent Document 3]
JP-A-61-613
[0017]
[Patent Document 4]
JP-A-62-57918
[0018]
[Patent Document 5]
JP-A-6-133670
[0019]
[Patent Document 6]
JP-A-8-144126
[0020]
[Patent Document 7]
JP-A-8-214731
[0021]
[Patent Document 8]
JP-A-8-256638
[0022]
[Patent Document 9]
JP-A-8-284023
[0023]
[Patent Document 10]
JP-A-9-23786
[0024]
[Patent Document 11]
JP-A-9-294506
[0025]
[Patent Document 12]
JP-A-9-59822
[0026]
[Patent Document 13]
JP-A-10-60739
[0027]
[Patent Document 14]
JP-A-10-273828
[0028]
[Patent Document 15]
JP 2000-139301 A
[0029]
[Patent Document 16]
JP 2000-265332 A
[0030]
[Patent Document 17]
JP-A-7-54210
[0031]
[Patent Document 18]
JP-A-7-54211
[0032]
[Patent Document 19]
JP-A-7-138810
[0033]
[Patent Document 20]
JP-A-10-18127
[0034]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Although many attempts have been made to obtain high specific gravity fibers and fishing nets as described above, at present there are no high specific gravity fibers and fishing nets that satisfy all of the spinning properties, specific gravity, abrasion resistance, and price. High specific gravity fibers and fishing nets satisfying well-balanced properties are desired.
[0035]
The present invention has been made in view of the background of the prior art and has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems. Specifically, there is no danger of lead damage, and a monofilament as a high specific gravity fiber having high specific gravity and excellent wear resistance is provided. And fishing nets using it.
[0036]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The monofilament of the present invention has a sheath component composed of a polyamide resin having a specific gravity of 2.5 to 12 containing tungsten metal particles or tungsten compound particles having an average particle diameter of 2 to 30 μm, and a sheath component composed of a polyamide resin or a polyester resin. It is necessary to be a core-sheath type monofilament having a specific gravity of 1.8 to 5 at 4.5 cN / dtex.
[0037]
A core, wherein at least one of the core and the sheath component contains one or more colorants, and the total content of the colorant with respect to the component is 0.01 to 4% by weight. It is preferably a sheath type monofilament.
[0038]
Further, the fishing net of the present invention is a fishing net formed by mixing monofilaments and multifilaments, and comprising a core-sheath type monofilament according to claim 1 or 2 and a multifilament comprising a polyamide resin or a polyester resin. The volume ratio is 5:95 to 60:40, and the specific gravity is 1.5 to 3. Preferably, the multifilament to be mixed is a polyester resin. Further, the multifilament to be mixed contains one or more types of coloring agents, and the total content of the coloring agents is 0.01 to 4% by weight.
[0039]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described in detail.
[0040]
The core-sheath type monofilament of the present invention is composed of a polyamide resin having a specific gravity of 2.5 to 12 containing tungsten metal particles or tungsten compound particles having an average particle diameter of 2 to 30 μm as a sheath component, and a polyamide resin or a polyester resin as a sheath component. It is necessary that the core-sheath monofilament has a strength of 1 to 4.5 cN / dtex and a specific gravity of 1.8 to 5.
[0041]
Polyamide is conventionally known to be a resin excellent in abrasion resistance, and is superior in dispersibility of tungsten metal particles or tungsten compound particles compared to polyester resin used for general-purpose fibers, and more Is a resin into which the tungsten metal described above can be kneaded, so that it is essential in the present invention as a resin constituting the core component of the core-sheath type monofilament. As the polyamide resin that can be used for the core component, poly ε-caprolactam, polyhexamethylene adipamide, polyhexamethylene sebacamide, polydodecamide, polyhexamethylene isophthalamide, and the like are used. In consideration of physical properties and the like, poly-ε-caprolactam resin is particularly preferable, but is not limited thereto, and a copolymer or a mixture of two or more of these may be used. Further, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, various additives such as a heat-resistant agent, a weather-resistant agent, a stabilizer, and a crosslinking agent may be contained.
[0042]
Further, in consideration of economy, workability, physical properties, etc., it is essential to use a polyamide resin or a polyester resin for the sheath component, and when a polyamide resin is used, it is possible to exhibit excellent wear resistance. When a polyester resin is used, the fishing net can be expected to have a higher specific gravity.
[0043]
It is essential that the core component of the core-sheath type monofilament of the present invention has a specific gravity of 2.5 to 12, preferably 3 to 10, and more preferably 3.5 to 9.0. In addition, it is necessary to use tungsten metal particles or tungsten compounds as the high specific gravity particles contained in the core component because they have high specific gravity and low toxicity compared to other non-lead metals, and are easy to handle with fine powder. It is.
[0044]
When the specific gravity is less than 2.5, the volume fraction of the core component in the core-sheath monofilament is increased, and the volume fraction of the sheath component is reduced, so that the wear resistance of the obtained core-sheath monofilament is deteriorated. I will. Further, it is necessary that the specific gravity be 12.0 or less in consideration of the ease of kneading the tungsten metal particles or the tungsten compound into the polyamide and the dispersibility. Tungsten metal particles or tungsten compounds contained in the core component include irregular and polyhedral tungsten metal powder, calcium tungstate, barium tungstate, tungsten carbide, tungsten disulfide, and tungsten boride. A mixture of the above can be used. The tungsten compound is not limited to these as long as it has a small environmental load and does not impair the effects of the present invention.
[0045]
It is essential that the average particle size of the tungsten metal particles or the tungsten compound is 2 to 30 μm, preferably 2 to 20 μm, and more preferably 2 to 15 μm. When the average particle size of tungsten is less than 2 μm, the tungsten particles are liable to undergo secondary agglomeration and difficult to uniformly disperse. It is a legal hazardous material, and its handling requires special measures, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the average particle diameter of tungsten exceeds 30 μm, it is difficult to uniformly disperse the resin in the resin, and the yarn forming property is deteriorated due to the clogging of the spin pack filter. As long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, high specific gravity particles such as copper oxide, iron oxide, titanium oxide, and barium sulfate may be mixed in addition to the tungsten metal particles or the tungsten compound.
[0046]
As the polyester resin that can be used for the sheath component, aromatic polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polypropylene terephthalate, and aliphatic polyesters such as polylactic acid, and those obtained by copolymerizing two or more of these can be used. As the polyamide resin, polyε-caprolactam, polyhexamethylene adipamide, polyhexamethylene sebacamide, polydodecamide, polyhexamethylene isophthalamide, or a copolymer of two or more of these can be used. Further, various additives such as a heat-resistant agent, a weather-resistant agent, and a stabilizer may be contained as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. In order to obtain strength and abrasion resistance as a fishing net, it is preferable to use a polyamide resin having a sulfuric acid relative viscosity of 2.0 or more, or a polyester resin having a relative viscosity of 0.6 or more.
[0047]
Core-sheath type filaments have high abrasion resistance due to high specific gravity particles in the core part, and only the sheath part is responsible for most of the wear resistance, so the thickness of the sheath part is large, high wear resistance Is essential.
[0048]
It is essential that the core-sheath type monofilament of the present invention has a strength of 1 to 4.5 cN / dtex, preferably 1 to 3 cN / dtex, and more preferably 1 to 2.8 cN / dtex. When the strength is less than 1.0 cN / dtex, the processability at the time of net making is poor due to insufficient strength, and when the strength exceeds 4.5 cN / dtex, the spinning caused by reducing the core volume is performed. When combined abnormalities occur at the time, the productivity is remarkably deteriorated, and the specific gravity becomes low, so that fibers suitable for fishing nets cannot be obtained.
[0049]
In consideration of sedimentation in water and the like, the specific gravity of the core-sheath type monofilament is essential to be 1.8 to 5, preferably 2.1 to 4.5, more preferably 2.2 to 4.0. 5 Originally, there is no particular upper limit on the specific gravity in terms of obtaining a fiber having a high specific gravity, but in order to obtain a core-sheath type monofilament having a high specific gravity, the volume of the core portion is increased or the amount of tungsten contained in the core portion is increased. When the core-sheath type monofilament is produced by using this method, the abrasion resistance decreases due to the increase in the volume of the core portion, and the yarn production deteriorates due to the cohesion of tungsten and clogging of the filter. Therefore, the specific gravity of the core-sheath type monofilament needs to be 5.0 or less.
[0050]
Further, the volume ratio of the core portion and the sheath portion of the core-sheath type monofilament of the present invention is not particularly limited. However, if the volume of the sheath portion is reduced, it is considered that abrasion resistance is deteriorated. %, Preferably 50% by volume or more, more preferably 60% by volume or more.
[0051]
The core-sheath type monofilament of the present invention preferably contains a coloring agent in at least one of the core component and the sheath component in an amount of 0.01 to 4% by weight based on the component. If the amount of the coloring agent is 0.01% by weight or more, the color tone does not become insufficient, and if it is 4% by weight or less, the strength required for fishing nets can be obtained. The addition amount of the coloring agent is more preferably 0.1 to 0.6% by weight, and even more preferably 0.3 to 0.5%, based on the polymer.
[0052]
Examples of the coloring agent include inorganic pigments such as a carbon black pigment having an average particle diameter of 0.1 μm, and organic coloring agents such as a phthalocyanine pigment, an anthraquinone coloring agent, a styrene coloring agent, and a quinacridone coloring agent. Although not particularly limited thereto, known dyes and pigments can be used as long as the objects and effects of the present invention are not impaired. It is preferable to use a black pigment so as not to give a sense of security to the user.
[0053]
The fishing net of the present invention is preferably a fishing net in which the core-sheath type monofilament of the present invention and a multifilament made of a polyamide resin or a polyester resin are mixed, in consideration of economy, processability, physical properties, and the like, and a further preferable form Is a fishing net in which the multifilament is made of a polyester resin.
[0054]
As the polyester resin used for the multifilament in the present invention, aromatic polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polypropylene terephthalate, and aliphatic polyesters such as polylactic acid, and those obtained by copolymerizing two or more of these are used. Polyamide resin may be poly-ε-caprolactam, polyhexamethylene adipamide, polyhexamethylene sebacamide, polydodecamide, polyhexamethylene isophthalamide, or a copolymer of two or more of these. it can. Further, various additives such as a heat-resistant agent, a weather-resistant agent, a stabilizer, and a crosslinking agent may be contained as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
[0055]
In addition, the fishing net of the present invention requires that the volume ratio of the core-sheath type monofilament and the multifilament used in the fishing net is 5:95 to 60:40, preferably 5:95 to 50:50, more preferably. The fibers are blended at a ratio of 5:95 to 55:45 to form a net. When the volume ratio of the monofilament is less than 5%, it is difficult to obtain a fishing net having a specific gravity of 1.5 or more, and when the volume ratio is more than 60%, the ratio of the monofilament is high, the strength as the fishing net is reduced, and the net making property is reduced. There are problems such as worsening, the netness of the net is too strong and it is difficult to withdraw from the fishing ground, and the netness is too strong and bulky.
[0056]
Moreover, the specific gravity of the fishing net needs to be 1.5 to 3, and more preferably 1.6 to 2.5. When the specific gravity of the fishing net is less than 1.5, the specific gravity required for the fishing net is not satisfied, and when the specific gravity is 3.0 or more, the content of the core-sheath fiber or the high specific gravity particles contained in the core-sheath fiber is contained. Cost increases because of the increase in
[0057]
In the fishing net of the present invention, the multifilament to be used preferably contains at least one or more kinds of coloring agents in an amount of 0.01 to 4% by weight. When the amount of the coloring agent is 0.01% by weight or less, the color tone is insufficient, and when it exceeds 4% by weight, it becomes difficult to obtain the strength required for fishing nets. The amount of the colorant added is more preferably 0.1 to 0.6% by weight, more preferably 0.3 to 0.5% based on the polymer. Examples of the coloring agent include inorganic pigments such as a carbon black pigment having an average particle diameter of 0.1 μm, and organic coloring agents such as a phthalocyanine pigment, an anthraquinone coloring agent, a styrene coloring agent, and a quinacridone coloring agent. Examples include, but are not particularly limited to, the purpose of the present invention, known dyes and pigments can be used as long as the effects are not impaired, but they do not give a warning to fish As described above, it is preferable to use a black pigment.
[0058]
The method for obtaining the core-sheath type monofilament to be provided to the fishing net of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known melt spinning method, dry spinning method, wet spinning method and the like can be used.
[0059]
For example, the polyamide resin containing the tungsten metal particles or the tungsten metal compound particles having the above-described average particle diameter used as the core portion is obtained by weighing the polyamide resin and the tungsten metal particles or the tungsten compound particles, and melt-kneading them with an extruder. Obtained by When a pigment is contained therein, when obtaining the tungsten metal particles or the tungsten compound particle-containing polyamide resin, the pigment can also be measured and melt-kneaded with an extruder, or the tungsten metal particles or the tungsten compound particles containing It is also possible to measure and blend a pigment master chip prepared in advance with a polyamide resin. The polyamide resin containing the tungsten metal particles or the tungsten compound particles and the pigment thus obtained may be subjected to spinning as it is once formed into chips, and if necessary, a high degree of polymerization may be performed again. It may be used after conversion. The specific gravity of the polyamide resin can be adjusted to 2.5 to 12 by calculating the kneading volume ratio from the specific gravity of the polyamide resin to be used and the specific gravity of the tungsten metal particles or the tungsten compound particles.
[0060]
On the other hand, the polyamide resin or polyester resin used as the sheath portion can be measured and added and melt-kneaded with an additive compounded as necessary, or a pigment master chip prepared in advance. It is also possible to carry out metered blending, and it is also possible to increase the degree of polymerization again and use the same as in the case of the core.
[0061]
The polymer composition for the core portion and the polymer composition for the sheath portion are melted by separate extruders, respectively, and then guided to a composite pack to form a core-sheath type composite flow in a composite spinneret. Then, it is discharged from the spinneret. The form of the composite is not particularly limited, such as a simple core-sheath type, multiple core types, a core variant type, a triple core-quadruple type such as a quadruple core, etc., provided that it is selected according to desired properties and applications. Good.
[0062]
The discharged core-sheath type monofilament is cooled by a method such as air cooling or a liquid bath. The cooling method may be selected according to setting conditions such as the thickness and viscosity of the monofilament. The monofilament drawn at a spinning speed of 20 to 100 m / min is drawn once or continuously without winding. Stretching can be performed in one step or in two or more steps. Further, as a method of applying heat required for drawing to the yarn, a known method such as roll heating, steam heating, and hot liquid heating may be used.
[0063]
By the method as described above, it is possible to obtain the core-sheath monofilament of the present invention having a specific gravity suitable for fishing nets and having excellent spinning properties and abrasion resistance.
[0064]
Hereinafter, a method for producing a fishing net using the core-sheath type monofilament of the present invention will be described. Fishing nets are classified into several types depending on the net structure, the method of knotting the nets, the location of the nets, and the like, but the types of the fishing nets of the present invention are not particularly limited. Hereinafter, a general knitting method of a knotless fishing net, which is a typical fishing net, is shown. However, there are several types of fishing net depending on the knitting method, and the present invention is not limited to the following manufacturing method.
[0065]
Taking polyethylene terephthalate as an example of a multifilament that is formed together with a core-sheath type monofilament, a method for producing the fiber is shown. Can be adopted.
[0066]
The polyethylene terephthalate fiber is spun from a die by a melt spinning method using a polyethylene terephthalate resin having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.14 as a raw material. At this time, in order to prevent deterioration of the polymer due to heat, the residence time of the polymer in the spinning machine is preferably as short as possible, usually within 10 minutes, preferably 1 to 5 minutes. The spinning temperature is usually 290 ° C., but may be changed as appropriate depending on the presence or absence of a copolymer component.
[0067]
Further, it is preferable that a heating cylinder is disposed immediately below the spinneret, and the discharge yarn passes through the heating cylinder. The heating cylinder may be a heating cylinder generally having a length of 5 to 100 cm and a temperature controlled at 200 to 350 ° C., and the length and temperature conditions may be appropriately changed depending on the fineness of the obtained yarn and the number of filaments. May be. This heating cylinder is preferably used to delay the solidification of the molten polymer and to exhibit high strength.
[0068]
After passing through the high-temperature atmosphere, the spun yarn is cooled and solidified by cold air, and then, after an oil agent is applied, the spun yarn is taken up by a take-up roll that controls the spinning speed.
[0069]
The undrawn yarn taken up by the take-up roll is usually drawn continuously, but may be drawn once and then drawn in another step. The spinning speed is usually 300 to 3000 m / min, preferably 1500 m / min or less. Stretching may be performed by a conventional thermal stretching, and is preferably performed in two or more stages. The stretching ratio can be changed depending on the degree of orientation of the undrawn yarn, the stretching temperature, the distribution of the stretching ratio at the time of multi-stage stretching, and the like, but is 1.5 to 8.0 times, preferably 2.5 to 7.5 times. Such a high magnification is preferred.
[0070]
Next, the drawn yarn is heat-set. The heat setting may be performed by a method such as bringing the yarn into contact with a heat roller or a hot plate, or passing the yarn through a high-temperature gas, and generally, a heat fixing temperature of 200 to 250 ° C. may be used. After heat setting, a relaxation treatment is performed, and by changing the tension at this point, it is possible to control the dry heat shrinkage and the initial yield point strength. Here, in order to increase the relaxation rate, it is preferable to perform the relaxation treatment in combination with a yarn heating means such as a contact type heater or a non-contact type heater. Further, in order to suppress the generation of fluff in the process, there is no problem in performing the entanglement treatment on the filament in the stretching process and the heat setting process.
[0071]
For the confounding, a method such as air confounding can be adopted. For example, in the case of air confounding, a desired degree of confounding can be achieved by appropriately changing the air pressure according to the fineness or tension of the yarn used. The degree of confounding (CF value) is preferably from 5 to 70, and more preferably from 10 to 60.
[0072]
Several polyester multifilaments obtained by the above method are drawn and aligned to obtain the required fineness as a net yarn. The aligned yarn is subjected to, for example, plying to form a ply-twisted yarn. The core-sheath type monofilament wound by the above method and the ply-twisted yarn are combined and twisted, and two plied middle-twisted yarns are twisted and twisted. While knitting, the knots are formed by combining the knits with each other to form knots, and at the same time, a knotless fishing net is formed by a vertical knotless knitting netting machine that forms a mesh.
[0073]
The fishing net of the present invention thus obtained has a small environmental load, and has excellent sedimentation and durability in water.
[0074]
【Example】
Hereinafter, as an example, the present invention will be described in detail using a core-sheath type monofilament for a fixed net and a fishing net as an example.
[0075]
Each physical property in this example is a value measured as follows.
[0076]
[Tungsten average particle size]
The maximum diameter of 100 tungsten particles was determined using a scanning electron microscope observation method, and the average was defined as the average particle diameter of tungsten.
[specific gravity]
Bromoform and water were used as solvents, and bromoform and water were mixed to prepare a desired density solution, and the solution was measured by ups and downs of the sample.
[Core-sheath composite volume ratio]
It was calculated from the specific gravity of the core component or the sheath component and the discharge amount (weight ratio).
[Strength, elongation]
After the sample was left in a temperature control room at 20 ° C. and 65% RT for 24 hours or more, the elongation-strength curve was measured at a test length of 25 cm and a take-up speed of 30 cm / min using a Tensilon tensile tester manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd. The strength was calculated.
[viscosity]
Sulfuric acid relative viscosity (ηr): 1 g of a sample was dissolved in 100 ml of 98% sulfuric acid and measured at 25 ° C. with an Ostwald viscometer.
Intrinsic viscosity (IV): 8 g of a sample was dissolved in 100 ml of orthochlorophenol, the solution viscosity (η) was measured at 25 ° C. using an Ostwald viscometer, and the intrinsic viscosity (IV) was calculated by the following approximate formula.
IV = 0.0242η + 0.2634
[Confounding degree (CF value)]
A load of 100 g is applied to a sample having a test length of 1 m, a hook of 6 g is lowered at a descent speed of 1 to 2 cm / sec, and calculated by the formula: Entanglement (CF value) = 100 (cm) / descent distance (cm). I asked.
[Spinning stability]
Evaluation was made in three stages from the state of occurrence of yarn breakage during continuous spinning stretching.
：: Good and long-term stable spinning is possible.
Δ: Yarn production is possible, but yarn breakage occurs
×: It is difficult to spin for a long time due to unstable yarn breakage
[Stiffness evaluation of net]
The stiffness of the produced fishing net was evaluated in the following three stages.
A: It has a moderate stiffness for practical use.
B: Slightly strong but practical.
C: The net is hard and cannot be put to practical use.
[0077]
[Examples 1 to 4]
As a core component, a polymer having a specific gravity shown in Table 1 containing tungsten metal powder (specific gravity 19.3) having an average particle size shown in Table 1 in poly-ε-caprolactam having a sulfuric acid relative viscosity of 2.73 was used. Used was polyethylene terephthalate (PET) having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.14. These were melted at a temperature of 250 ° C. for the core component polymer and 290 ° C. for the sheath component polymer using an extruder type spinning apparatus, and spun out by a composite spinning pack heated to 290 ° C. Using a two-component composite spinneret, spinning was performed from a 1.3 mm diameter spinning hole so that the sheath-core composite volume ratio was as shown in Table 1. The spun yarn was cooled in a water bath at 20 ° C. to obtain an undrawn yarn. Without winding the undrawn yarn, the first stage drawing was performed at 2.1 times in a warm water bath at 90 ° C, and then passed through a heating zone at 220 ° C so that the total drawing ratio became 3 times. While stretching in the second step, the mixture was further passed through a heating zone at 230 ° C. and subjected to a 0.9-fold relaxation heat treatment to obtain a core-sheath monofilament having a diameter of 285 μm.
[Example 5]
The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that poly-ε-caprolactam (N6) having a sulfuric acid relative viscosity of 3.02 was used as the sheath component polymer.
[Example 6]
The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a polyethylene terephthalate chip containing 20% by weight of carbon black (pigment) having an average particle size of 0.1 μm was blended with the sheath component polymer chip to obtain the pigment content shown in Table 1. .
[Comparative Examples 1 to 3]
The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the average particle size of the tungsten metal powder, the specific gravity of the core polymer, and the strength of the core-sheath type monofilament are shown in Table 2.
[0078]
Table 1 shows the properties and the spinning properties of the core-sheath type monofilaments obtained by Examples 1 to 6, and Table 2 shows the properties and the spinning properties of the core-sheath type monofilaments obtained by the methods of Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
[0079]
[Table 1]

[0080]
[Table 2]

[0081]
As shown in Comparative Example 1, when the tungsten particles contained in the core portion of the core-sheath type monofilament were large, the spinning was poor and only low-strength fibers could be obtained. Further, when the fiber of Comparative Example 1 was used for the net making, the yarn was frequently broken in the net making process due to insufficient strength, and the net could not be obtained stably. When a polymer having a specific gravity of less than 2.5 is used for the core portion as shown in Comparative Example 2, a core-sheath type monofilament having a specific gravity of 1.8 or more specified in the present invention can be obtained. Since the volume% of the portion was reduced, there was a problem in the abrasion resistance and strength. Further, as shown in Comparative Example 3, when a fiber having a strength exceeding 4.5 cN / dtex was obtained, a high specific gravity fiber could not be obtained due to a decrease in the volume of the core portion.
[Examples 7 and 8]
When the high specific gravity fiber and the black-dipped polyethylene terephthalate multifilament described in Example 3 (1100 dtex-96 filament, strength 5.5 cN / dtex, CF value 37) were used as a fishing net, the overall fineness was 10,000 dtex, and is shown in Table 3. To obtain the volume ratio, a number of black spun multifilaments are aligned, the lower twist is applied to the lower twisted yarn, and the high specific gravity core-sheath type monofilament wound by the above-mentioned manufacturing method is twisted together with the lower twisted yarn to form a medium twist. The knitting was further performed by a usual method using a vertical knotless knitting knitting machine to produce a knotless fixed net having a mesh size of 150 mm. The properties of the thus obtained knotless fixed net were evaluated and are shown in Table 2.
[Examples 9 and 10]
Example 7 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 7, except that the high specific gravity fiber of Example 1 was mixed with the black-colored multifilament at the volume ratio shown in Table 3.
[Comparative Example 4]
The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Example 7 except that only the high specific gravity fiber of Example 1 was used and the fiber was not mixed with the multifilament.
[Comparative Example 5]
Example 7 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the high specific gravity fiber of Example 2 was mixed with the black-stained multifilament at the volume ratio shown in Table 3.
[Comparative Example 6]
Example 7 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 7, except that the high specific gravity fiber of Example 1 was mixed with the black-colored multifilament at the volume ratio shown in Table 3.
[0082]
[Table 3]

[0083]
As is clear from Table 3, fishing nets produced using the method of the present invention had high specific gravity and high strength. However, the fishing net exceeding the scope of the present invention, for example, the fishing net obtained by the method of Comparative Example 5 was not only hard but also weak in the fishing net obtained by the method of Comparative Example 5 in which the fishing net was not mixed with the multifilament, and the fishing net had a specific gravity. Despite the use of the high core-sheath composite fiber, the specific gravity of the fishing net was low, and the fishing net obtained by the method of Comparative Example 6 was hard and could not be used practically.
[0084]
【The invention's effect】
The core-sheath type monofilament of the present invention can have a high specific gravity with a small content by containing tungsten in the core layer.Since tungsten having an average particle size of 2 to 30 μm is used, the dispersibility in the resin is improved. It is a core-sheath type monofilament that is excellent, has good spinning properties and has a high specific gravity. In addition, the fishing net of the present invention uses a core-sheath type monofilament having a specific gravity of 1.8 to 5 and is made by mixing multifilaments made of a polyamide resin or a polyester resin at a volume ratio of 5:95 to 60:40. Since the net is a fishing net having a specific gravity of 1.5 to 3, it has a high specific gravity, does not easily drip due to an ocean current or the like, and has excellent wear resistance.

Claims (5)

The core component is made of a polyamide resin having a specific gravity of 2.5 to 12 containing tungsten metal particles or tungsten compound particles having an average particle size of 2 to 30 μm, the sheath component is made of a polyamide resin or a polyester resin, and has a strength of 1 to 4.5 cN / dtex. And a core-sheath type monofilament having a specific gravity of 1.8 to 5. At least one of the core component and the sheath component contains at least one colorant, and the total content of the colorant with respect to the component is 0.01 to 4% by weight. 2. The core-sheath type monofilament according to 1. A fishing net formed by blending the core-sheath monofilament and the multifilament according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the multifilament is made of a polyamide resin or a polyester resin, and a volume ratio of the core-sheath monofilament to the multifilament. A fishing net characterized by having a specific gravity of 1.5 to 3 and a specific gravity of 1.5 to 3. The fishing net according to claim 3, wherein the multifilament is made of a polyester resin. The fishing net according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the multifilament contains at least one or more kinds of coloring agents, and a total content of the coloring agents is 0.01 to 4% by weight.