JP2003509622A - Engines, especially reciprocating piston engines - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] An engine such as a large-sized two-cycle diesel engine including two members 1 and 7 engaging in and out of each other, a joint region between the engaging members 1 and 7 includes: A cooling passage 12 to which a coolant can be supplied, a sealing mechanism for closing the cooling passage 12, which is offset to face each other in the axial direction, and support surfaces 9 and 10 receiving mutual supporting force are provided. In these engines, an indicator hole 19 terminating at the outer surface is provided to indicate leakage, and in an engine, a seal mechanism provided for the cooling passage is sandwiched between the support surfaces 9 and 10. The flat seal ring 17 is provided with a passage system 18 for connecting the orbiting side surfaces on the support surface side to each other. The passage system and the index hole 19 are connected to each other. By being, it is possible to reliably prevent the leakage of exudates and combustion gas coolant.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to an engine, more preferably a reciprocating piston engine, especially a two-stroke large diesel engine, which comprises two members engaging inward and outward from each other,
At least one cylinder having an exhaust hole controllable by an exhaust valve,
This cylinder has a cylinder head, and inside this cylinder head, a seating member provided for an exhaust valve and having an exhaust hole is inserted, and a seam between the mutually engaging members. In the region of, a cooling passage to which a coolant can be supplied, a sealing mechanism that closes the cooling passage, which is axially opposed to each other, and is offset, and a supporting surface that receives mutual supporting force are provided, These bearing surfaces relate to engines provided with indicator holes terminating in the outer surface for indicating leaks, more preferably reciprocating piston engines, especially two-stroke large diesel engines.

[0002]

[Prior art]

In a known two-stroke large diesel engine of the kind described above, each cylinder has an exhaust hole in the cylinder head which can be opened and closed by an associated exhaust valve. In such a two-cycle large-sized diesel engine, a seating member having a valve seat that cooperates with an exhaust valve and having an exhaust hole passing therethrough is inserted into the cylinder head, and the seating member has a horizontal support surface. Are supported by the supporting surface of the corresponding cylinder head. The seating area of the seating member is cooled. Therefore, in the joint region between the seating member and the cylinder head, a circulating cooling passage to which cooling water can be supplied is provided. Seal rings, which are inserted into grooves that surround the seating member and are configured as so-called O-rings, are provided on the upper side and the lower side of the cooling passage. This seal ring is for sealing the cooling passage. However, severe temperature loading can lead to damage to the lower O-ring, especially near the combustion chamber, resulting in loss of hermeticity. As a result, cooling water can enter the combustion chamber, which is highly undesirable and can lead to premature wear of the sliding surfaces of the cylinder liner. In this case, there is also the risk that hot combustion gases may pass through the cooling passages, whereby the cooling effect is lost. Such a danger is particularly imminent when the seating surfaces are not exactly in contact with each other because foreign particles such as carbon particles have entered between the seating surfaces.

The indicator hole indicates such a leak, but by the time it becomes so, there is a possibility that the damage of the kind described above has already occurred. Even if it is ignored, the cooling water flowing out from the index hole not only leads to a loss of the cooling water but also leads to wetting of the engine room, which is also not preferable.

[0004]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

In view of the above circumstances, the object of the present invention is to improve a mechanism of the kind mentioned at the outset by simple and low-cost means so that a high operational certainty is achieved.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

According to the present invention, the problem is that the seal mechanism provided for the cooling passage includes a rotating flat seal ring sandwiched between the support surfaces, and the flat seal ring has the support surface. A passage system is provided, which connects the circumferential sides of the side to one another and is solved by the fact that this passage system and the indicator hole are in communication.

By such a solution, the drawbacks of the known mechanism as described above are completely eliminated. A flat seal ring sandwiched between the support surfaces provides high reliability to prevent leaks. The flat seal ring can then be constructed in a simple manner so that foreign particles, such as carbon particles, can be crushed, which in any case prevents the formation of cracks. Similarly, a relatively high heat resistant material can be used to construct the flat seal ring. This allows an increase in operating temperature, which has a positive effect on the achievable efficiency. Preferably, it is sufficient if the sealing mechanism provided on the flat seal ring has only the flat seal ring. At this time, no other sealing means is required.

[0007] Preferred embodiments and preferred developments of the solution recited in the upper claims are set forth in the dependent claims. For example, in a two-stroke large diesel engine of the kind mentioned at the outset, a flat sealing ring inserted between the supporting surfaces is preferably provided for the cooling passage sealing mechanism on the lower combustion chamber side. The sealing mechanism can be configured substantially. This is because this sealing material is exposed to a stronger temperature load than the sealing material on the upper side, which is further away. The upper sealing material may simply be configured as an O-ring.

The fact that the flat sealing ring is formed as a metal ring can be a further suitable solution. This allows the properties described above to be implemented in a very simple manner. At this time, preferably, a copper alloy or a relatively soft alloy steel can be used to form the flat seal ring. In this way it can be ensured that the flat sealing ring is elastically and slightly plastically deformable under the action of operating forces. Thus, it ensures a reliable seal even in the case of undulations, for example.

In a further development of the solution as claimed in the upper claim, the flat sealing ring may comprise a plurality of through slits separated from each other by a web to form a passage system. These through slits give rise to a relatively large cross section between the upper and lower sides of the flat seal ring, which leads to the indicator holes, so that if a leak occurs it will be quickly indicated.

Another preferred embodiment may be that the flat sealing ring is provided on both sides with circumferential grooves in order to form a passage system, these grooves being provided by a communication notch through a common groove bottom surface. It is that they are connected to each other. The manufacturing cost is relatively low because the orbiting groove is relatively easy to manufacture. Moreover, the common groove bottom ensures reliable radial stability.

In a particularly stable flat seal ring, the seating member and the cylinder head are provided with encircling passages on the support surface side so as to form a passage system, and these passages are connected to each other by the notches of the flat seal ring. Can be achieved.

Further preferred embodiments and preferred developments of the solution as defined in the upper claims are set forth in the remaining dependent claims, and are also detailed in the following description of the embodiments with reference to the drawings. Has been.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The main field of application of the invention is in cylinder heads of two-stroke large diesel engines. In a two-stroke large diesel engine, an exhaust hole provided in the region of the cylinder head and controllable by an exhaust valve attached to each cylinder is provided in the cylinder. The basic structure and workings of this type of engine are known per se and therefore need not be described in further detail in the context of the present description.

The cylinder head 1 of the 2-cycle large diesel engine shown in FIG. 1 is mounted on a cylinder liner (not shown) in detail. The cylinder head 1 has a central exhaust hole 2 with a relatively large diameter, which is followed by an exhaust passage 3. The exhaust hole 2 can be opened and closed with respect to the cylinder chamber 5 by an attached exhaust valve 4. The valve head of the exhaust valve 4 has a frustoconical contact surface 6, which is integral with the seating member 7 inserted in the cylinder head 1 and through which the exhaust passage 2 extends. Corresponding shaped seating surfaces 8 are provided.

The cylinder head 1 and the seating member 7 inserted into the cylinder head 1 are integrally held by a fastener (not shown) in detail, and are arranged to transmit supporting forces opposed to each other. It is provided with horizontal support surfaces 9, 10. In order to form the support surfaces 9, 10, the cylinder head 1 is provided with an upwardly facing step and the seating member 7 is provided with a downwardly facing step. The contact surfaces 6 and 8 of the exhaust valve 4 and the seating member 7 which face each other are exposed to high mechanical and thermal loads. Therefore, these contact surfaces can be provided with the armor part 11 made of a special material. At the same time, the seating region of the seating member 7 is cooled by the cooling water.

For this purpose, a circulating cooling passage 12 is formed in a region of the substantially cylindrical joint between the cylinder head 1 and the seating member 7, which is located above the support surfaces 9 and 10. This cooling passage is formed by a circumferential notch that faces each other between the inner circumference of the cylinder head 1 and the outer circumference of the seating member 7. As can be seen from the left side of FIG. 1, the cooling passage 12 can be supplied with circulating cooling means, which is usually cooling water, through a supply pipeline and an exhaust pipeline. Similarly to the left side of FIG. 1, a branch hole 14 that extends to the seating region of the seating member 7 extends from the cooling passage 12.

The cooling passage 12 is sealed in the axial direction by upper and lower sealing mechanisms. The upper sealing mechanism remote from the combustion chamber is configured as an O-ring 15, which encircles a groove 16 encircling the seating member 7.
Is inserted into the cylinder head 1 and cooperates with the cylindrical inner circumference of the cylinder head 1. In order to configure the lower seal mechanism close to the combustion chamber, in the illustrated example, a rotating flat seal ring 17 sandwiched between the support surfaces 9 and 10 is provided, and the flat seal ring is a flat rectangular shape. It has a cross section that looks like. The thickness of the flat seal ring is about 2m
m. Of course, it is conceivable that in addition to the flat seal ring 17, further sealing means are provided, for example an O-ring arranged in front of the flat seal ring.

The flat sealing ring 17 arranged between the support surfaces 9, 10 is advantageously made of a relatively soft alloy steel or a soft copper alloy similar thereto. In any case, it is important that the material is relatively softer than the basic material of the cylinder head 1 or the seating member 7. In terms of strength, it is desirable that the material be elastically deformable under the action of the forces generated during operation and plastically deformable to a small extent. As a result, the lateral contact side surface of the flat seal ring 17 can firmly contact the supporting surfaces 9 to 10 facing the flat seal ring 17 in a sealed state.
This does not change even if there is some surface roughness and / or foreign particles that have entered between these surfaces. Thus, the deformability described above facilitates manufacturing and assembly.

The flat sealing ring 17 guarantees a high reliability, but nevertheless, in order to increase the reliability, an indicator device is provided which makes it possible to indicate a leak. The indexing device comprises a passage system 18 provided on the flat seal ring 17 for interconnecting the upper and lower seams between the lateral abutment surfaces of the flat seal ring 17 and the supporting surfaces 9, 10 facing them. The passage system is in communication with an index hole 19, which is shown on the right side of FIG. 1 and terminates in a visible outer surface. It is convenient to provide a plurality of index holes 19 evenly distributed on the circumference of the circumference.

These index holes are provided in the seating member 7 here, and terminate in the region above the seating member 7 in the radial outside of the exhaust passage casing 20 added to the seating member 7. The exhaust passage casing has a collar that surrounds the protruding portion of the seating member 7. Therefore, in the area of the opening of the index hole 19, a circular annular space 21 is formed which can be seen well from the outside. Therefore, the index hole 19
The liquid or the combustion gas that emerges from the annular space 21 can be promptly found if appropriately observed. The leaking liquid that comes out is the annular space 21.
Can cause wetting of the engine components surrounding the engine or the engine room. However, such a case does not practically occur because the flat seal ring 17 has high reliability.

The flat seal ring 17 may comprise a plurality of arcuate slits 23 separated from each other by a thin web 22, as best seen in FIG. The arcuate slit, as shown in FIG.
It penetrates through the entire thickness of the flat seal ring 17, thereby connecting the lower surface and the upper surface of the flat seal ring to each other. In the embodiment shown in FIG.
Four arc-shaped slits 23 and four webs 22 are provided, each of which is arranged in a quadrant. The inside of the arcuate slit 23 is about 2 mm when the inner diameter of the flat seal ring is about 200 mm, that is, about 1% of the inner diameter. At this time, the width of the web 22 can also be 2 mm, that is, about 1% of the inner diameter.

As can be seen from FIG. 2, the arcuate slit 23 has a flat seal ring 17
Advantageously, it is in the region of the inner half of the width of the radial direction. This results in a large radially outward sealing surface 24. The arcuate slit 23 is a flat seal ring 1
Since the connection between the lower side and the upper side of 7 is established, any leaked liquid or leaked gas, regardless of whether the leak occurs in the lower surface area or the upper surface area of the flat seal ring 17, In any case, it enters the index hole 19 extending from the upper surface of the flat seal ring 17.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the flat seal ring 17 is provided with opposing circumferential grooves 25 on both sides, which grooves 25 pass through a common groove bottom 26.
Are interconnected by. In this embodiment, the radial strength is even higher. Also in this case, a relatively wide outer radial sealing surface 24 can be provided. The axial thickness of the flat seal ring 17 is 2 mm, that is, about 1% of the inner diameter. The radial thickness is 26 mm, which is slightly less than 10% of the outer diameter.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the cylinder head 1 and the seating member 7 are provided with a circumferential groove 28 which is arranged opposite to each other and divides the support surfaces 9 and 10. Since the flat seal ring 17 is provided with a hole 29 through its entire thickness, a passage system connecting the lower surface and the upper surface of the flat seal ring is also formed so that the indicator hole 19 can communicate with this passage system. You can

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a cylinder head of a cylinder of a 2-cycle large diesel engine.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a flat seal ring according to the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view of the flat seal ring shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the flat seal ring.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the flat seal ring.

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Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. An engine comprising two members engaged in and out of each other, more preferably a reciprocating piston engine, especially a two-cycle large diesel engine, wherein an exhaust hole (2) controllable by an exhaust valve (4) is provided. At least one cylinder is provided, which has a cylinder head (1). Inside the cylinder head, there is provided an exhaust hole () for the exhaust valve (4). The seating member (7) provided with 2) is inserted, and in the region of the joint between the cylinder head (1) and the seating member (7), which are members that engage with each other inside and outside,
A cooling passage (12) to which a coolant can be supplied, a sealing mechanism that closes the cooling passage and is axially opposed to each other, and a supporting surface (9, 10) that receives mutual supporting force. In an engine, more preferably a reciprocating piston engine, especially a two-stroke large diesel engine, in which the bearing surfaces are provided with indicator holes (19) terminating in the outer surface for indicating leakage. The sealing mechanism provided for the cooling passage includes the support surface (9, 10).
A circular flat seal ring (17) sandwiched between the flat seal ring, which is provided with a passage system (18) for connecting the side surfaces of the circular flat seal ring on the support surface side to each other. An engine, more preferably a reciprocating piston engine, in particular a two-cycle large diesel engine, characterized in that the system and said index hole (19) are in communication. 2. Engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the flat sealing ring (17) is made of a material which is elastically and slightly plastically deformable under the action of operating forces. 3. Engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the flat sealing ring (17) is constructed as a metal ring. 4. The engine according to claim 1, wherein the flat seal ring is made of a copper alloy or a soft alloy steel. 5. The flat seal ring (17) is provided in the passage system (18).
5) comprising a plurality of arcuate slits (23) separated from each other by a web (22) and running through the entire height of the flat seal ring. The engine according to claim 1. 6. The flat seal ring (17) is provided with the passage system (18).
), Which are provided on both sides with orbiting grooves (25), which are connected to each other by communication notches (27) which penetrate a common groove bottom surface (26). The engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 7. A plurality of the cylinder head (1) and the seating member (7), which are both members that engage with each other, circulate on the side of the support surface so as to form the passage system (18). 1 to 4, characterized in that they have several passages (28) which are interconnected by a notch (29) which extends over the entire height of the support ring (17). The engine according to any one of 1. 8. The engine according to claim 1, wherein the flat seal ring (17) independently forms a sealing mechanism to be arranged. 9. In the case of a two-cycle large diesel engine, the supporting surface (
The flat seal ring (17) sandwiched between (9, 10) is provided for the sealing mechanism of the cooling passage (12) on the lower combustion chamber side, and generally constitutes this sealing mechanism. The engine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that 10. Engine according to claim 9, characterized in that the sealing mechanism of the cooling passage (12) on the side remote from the combustion chamber is formed as an orbiting O-ring. 11. In a two-cycle large diesel engine, the seating member (7) extends from the cooling passage (12) to reach a seating area.
14) The engine according to any one of claims 1 to 10, further comprising 14). 12. In a two-stroke large diesel engine, a supply pipe line and a discharge pipe line (13) provided for the cooling passage (12) are arranged in the cylinder head (1). The engine according to any one of claims 1 to 11, which is characterized. 13. In a two-cycle large diesel engine, the index hole (19) is provided in the seating member (7) and an exhaust passage casing (20) mounted on the seating member (7). Engine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it terminates in a region above the seating member (7) which radially surrounds the communication region provided for the.