JP2003332027A - Heating element - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To maintain a temperature comfortable to a human body by exhibiting a function of suppressing a heating value by the increase of an electric resistance value even at temperatures lower than a temperature at which PTC characteristics work. <P>SOLUTION: This heating element 10 is provided with hollow yarn which is a base material 12, and a conductive polymer 14 held in the base material 12. The conductive polymer 14 has a conductive material 16 and a binder 18 for holding the conductive material 16. The binder 18 has elastic modulus for displacing a distance between conductive materials 16 to increase the electric resistance value of the conductive polymer 14 by 10 Ω or more by pressure of the weight of the human body. The conductive polymer 14 is lowered in the heating value by current application due to the increase of the electric resistance value caused by the pressure. The elastic modulus of the binder 18 is adjusted by containing synthetic rubber in the weight ratio of 5%-10% to the whole binder 18. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a heating element that can be used as a material for heating a heating device such as a floor heating system or a hot carpet or other heating device, or a heat retaining device, and more particularly to a heating element. The present invention relates to a heating element capable of easily and appropriately controlling the heat generation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a floor heating system, a heating system for a hot carpet, etc., a heating element generally used is
An electric conductor such as a nichrome wire or other conductive wire arranged on the base material may be used. Such a general heating element heats the conductive material by raising the temperature by flowing electricity to the conductive material. For example, when a load is applied to the heating element by a person sitting on it. In this case, the heat generated by the conductor is blocked by this pressurizing material and loses the escape area. As a result, the heat radiating action is reduced, and as a result, the temperature locally rises, which may result in low temperature burns.

In this case, in order to suppress such an unintended temperature rise, it is necessary to separately install a temperature sensor such as a thermostat and control the amount of electricity flowing to control the amount of heat generation. . However, since it is difficult to install the temperature sensor at every location of the heating element, it is difficult to detect a local temperature rise. Also, if
Even if it is possible to detect a local temperature rise, it is not possible to suppress the temperature rise only in that local area, and it is only possible to control the temperature as a whole or within a certain set range. could not. Therefore, in order to prevent the influence of low temperature burn due to the local temperature rise, it is necessary to suppress the heat generation amount of the entire heating element or within a predetermined range, and thereby the temperature rise of the local part is suppressed. However, there is a problem in that maintaining the temperature at an appropriate temperature is sacrificed, for example, the temperature of the entire room is lower than the appropriate temperature.

In view of such a point, in recent years, PT which a conductive polymer has, rather than such a heating element as a conductive wire.
C (Positive Temperature Coefficient)
Focusing on the characteristics, a heating element using this conductive polymer is often used. This PTC characteristic is a kind of performance as a positive thermistor that converts a change in temperature into a change in electric resistance of the element. The electric resistance value increases as the temperature rises, and when the temperature rises to a predetermined temperature (ceiling point), the electric It has the property of rapidly increasing the resistance value and suppressing the amount of heat generation. That is, the conductive polymer itself functions as a heating element and, at the same time, as a thermistor.

Therefore, if a conductive polymer having this PTC characteristic is carried on a heat-resistant fiber or film having electrodes arranged in advance to form a heating element, Joule heat is generated between the electrodes by applying electric power to the electrodes. Not only can it be made to function as a heating element, but at the same time, if the temperature reaches a preset ceiling point, the electrical resistance will suddenly increase and it will become difficult for electricity to flow. The temperature control function works automatically, and the temperature does not rise anymore, and is maintained at a constant temperature, so even if the temperature rises locally due to pressurization, the temperature is controlled appropriately. be able to.

In this case, specifically, the sealing point is set to a predetermined temperature by adjusting the compounding ratio of the binder supporting the conductive substance of the conductive polymer, the distance between the electrodes, etc. The temperature can be controlled without installing a temperature sensor such as a thermostat, and the power consumption gradually decreases as the electric resistance value increases due to the temperature rise, and after the temperature reaches the ceiling point, the power consumption rapidly increases. This is very useful in that the power saving effect can be expected because the power consumption is reduced. In addition, since the conductive polymer warms the surrounding atmosphere by radiant heat of far infrared rays, the conductive polymer is suitable as a heating element also in that it makes the human body feel comfortable.

[0007]

However, the PTC characteristic of this conductive polymer is that the conductive substance is caused by thermal expansion of the binder such as resin or elastomer carrying the conductive substance of the conductive polymer due to temperature rise. Since the electric resistance value increases as a result of increasing the distance between them, the automatic temperature control function based on the PTC characteristics does not work unless the binder of the conductive polymer thermally expands.

In this case, the conductive polymer having the PTC characteristic generally has an electric resistance value higher than necessary so that the electric resistance value can be constantly increased up to the sealing point and the temperature can be raised to an appropriate temperature. In order to prevent this from happening and to ensure that the heating element has a uniform electric resistance value, the binder should have a certain level of strength in consideration of mechanical strength and binding force with the conductive material. It is necessary to form it from different materials.

The material of the binder is selected in consideration of these required characteristics. Further, for the conductive polymer, usually, the elastomer or the like to be the binder is stirred in a solvent, and the solvent is further mixed. Since it is formed by adding a conductive substance to and kneading, a material that satisfies the properties required for the above binder and has the lowest melting point and easily expands thermally among the elastomers that can be kneaded Even if selected, the lowest temperature at which the electric resistance value greatly increases due to the PTC characteristic can be set only to a relatively high temperature of about 60 ° C. Therefore, in the conventional binder, it was practically difficult to set the sealing point at which the PTC characteristics are exhibited to 60 ° C. or less.

Therefore, even in a heating element using a conductive polymer that is actually provided, it is difficult for the binder to thermally expand at a temperature of 60 ° C. or less and to properly operate the temperature automatic control function based on the PTC characteristic. However, there is a problem that even if the temperature is locally increased due to the blockage of heat due to pressurization, the temperature increase up to about 60 ° C. is allowed. That is, in the conventional heating element utilizing the PTC characteristic, although there is a usefulness that can easily prevent the accident due to abnormal heating, the electric resistance value is increased at a temperature of 60 ° C. or less to generate heat. It is difficult to control the amount, preferably to keep the temperature at a constant suitable temperature by operating the temperature control function at a temperature of about 35 ° C to 40 ° C which is almost the same as the body temperature that is comfortable for the human body, and it is not always comfortable for the human body. There was a problem that it could not be kept warm at various temperatures.

In view of the above problems, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to suppress the local temperature rise due to the pressurization and to provide only the local calorific value at the pressed point. (EN) It is possible to provide a heating element capable of easily and appropriately controlling the temperature and at the same time keeping the human body warm at a comfortable temperature.

[0012]

The present invention comprises, as a first means for solving the above problems, a base material and a conductive polymer carried on the base material, and the conductive polymer is a conductive material. A heating element having a conductive material and a binder carrying the conductive material, wherein the binder is an elastic modulus that displaces the distance between the conductive materials so that the electrical resistance value of the conductive polymer is increased by pressurization. And a conductive polymer having a lower heat generation amount due to an increase in electrical resistance due to the pressurization.

As described above, when the elastic modulus of the binder is adjusted so that the heat generation amount is reduced by the increase of the electric resistance value due to the pressurization, for example, a person sits on the heating element,
When a load is applied to the heating element such as lying down, the binder elastically deforms and the distance between the conductive materials that it carries expands, and the number of conductive materials per unit volume is the same and the distance increases, resulting in the shortest distance. As a result of the increase in the shortest distance of the path of electricity flowing through the conductive material in the distance, only the electrical resistance value of the pressurized part increases, so that it has a great effect on the heating state of the entire room, for example. It is possible to appropriately suppress only the local temperature rise without applying the heat and to suppress the amount of heat generated by the heating element itself. Only when it is necessary to maintain a comfortable temperature can the temperature rise be properly controlled so as to be suppressed.

That is, in a heating element using a general conductive polymer having PTC characteristics, the distance between the conductive materials is displaced by thermal expansion of the binder due to temperature rise, whereas in the present invention, The elastic deformation of the binder due to pressurization exerts a function substantially the same as the displacement of the distance between the conductive materials due to thermal expansion independently of the temperature. For this reason, in particular,
Approximately 6 which is the sealing point at which PTC characteristics are exhibited
The temperature can be automatically controlled even at a temperature of 0 ° C. or lower, and the heat retention state can be maintained at a suitable constant temperature close to the body temperature. Of course, after reaching the ceiling point, the normal PT
A temperature control function based on the C characteristic can also be activated. For example, regarding the temperature rise of a pressurized local portion to 40 ° C. or higher, the temperature rise of the unpressurized portion to 60 ° C. or higher can be performed by the pressurization. It can be suppressed by the PTC characteristic, and the temperature control function can be appropriately exerted if necessary.

As a second means for solving the above problems, the present invention is the first solution means, wherein the binder increases the electric resistance value of the conductive polymer by 10 Ω or more due to pressurization by the weight of the human body. As described above, the present invention provides a heating element having an elastic modulus that displaces the distance between the conductive materials.

In the conventional heating element using a conductive polymer having PTC characteristics, even if a person walks, sits down, or sleeps on the heating element under normal use, the value of the electric resistance is caused by this pressure. Is a single-digit increase, and the temperature rise could not be suppressed by pressurization enough for a general person to ride, but in this way, the load due to the weight of the human body that actually requires temperature control is If the electric resistance value is increased by a value of two digits when applied, it is possible to suppress a local temperature increase due to the pressurization. More specifically, it is preferable to set the amount of change in the elastic modulus or electric resistance of the binder within the following range.

That is, according to the present invention, as the third means for solving the above-mentioned problems, in any one of the above-mentioned first or second means, the binder has an electric resistance value of the conductive polymer of 60 kg / The present invention provides a heating element having an elastic modulus that displaces the distance between the conductive materials so that it increases by 20Ω or more when a pressure of 0.075 m ² is applied.

As shown in Examples described later, when the relationship with the change of the electric resistance value was actually examined, it was found that
The binder has an electric resistance value of the conductive polymer of 60 kg /
If the elastic modulus is such that the distance between the conductive materials is displaced so as to increase by 20Ω or more when a pressure of 0.075 m ² is applied, then 6
It has been confirmed that the temperature control function can be operated even at a temperature of 0 ° C. or lower, and the temperature can be appropriately maintained at a temperature comfortable to the human body.

The present invention also provides, as a fourth means for solving the above-mentioned problems, in the above-mentioned third solving means,
As for the binder, the electric resistance value of the conductive polymer is 60 kg /
The present invention provides a heating element having an elastic modulus for displacing the distance between the conductive materials so as to increase in a range of 50Ω or less when a pressure of 0.075 m ² is applied.

On the other hand, if the electric resistance value increases too much with a slight load, the temperature cannot be raised appropriately to the level required to heat the entire room, so that the comfortable warmth can be maintained. Moreover, when the amount of increase in the allowable electric resistance value was confirmed in the example in which the heating of the entire room was not significantly affected, it was found that the binder showed that the electric resistance value of the conductive polymer was 60 kg / 0.
When the elastic modulus that displaces the distance between the conductive materials so that it increases in the range of 50 Ω or less when a pressure of 075 m ² is applied, the electric resistance value does not increase more than necessary and the temperature of the entire room does not exceed the necessary temperature. It was possible to appropriately control the local temperature rise due to the pressurization while appropriately raising the temperature.

The present invention provides, as a fifth means for solving the above-mentioned problems, in any one of the above-mentioned first to fourth solving means, the conductive material is graphite, carbon black,
The present invention provides a heating element characterized by being particles or powder or fine particles of graphite or other conductive material.

As described above, in particular, when a granular material, powder or fine particles of a conductive substance such as carbon black is used as the conductive material, it is easily supported by the binder to form a conductive polymer, and the elasticity of the binder is increased. This is preferable because the distance between the conductive materials can be easily displaced by the deformation and the electric resistance value can be easily increased.

As a sixth means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides any one of the above-mentioned first to fifth means for solving, wherein the binder is synthesized with a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin or an elastomer. The present invention provides a heating element which is formed by kneading rubber, and whose elastic modulus is set by adjusting the content of this synthetic rubber.

As described above, by kneading the synthetic rubber in the binder, the elastic modulus of the binder can be easily adjusted. In this case, as the synthetic rubber that can be used, the following can be specifically mentioned. That is, in the present invention, as a seventh means for solving the above-mentioned problems, in the sixth solving means, the synthetic rubber kneaded with the binder is styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR).
Alternatively, the present invention provides a heating element characterized by being nitrile rubber (NBR).

As an eighth means for solving the above problems, the present invention provides the method according to the sixth or seventh means, wherein the weight ratio of the synthetic rubber to the entire binder is 5% to 10%. The present invention provides a heating element characterized by being present.

As described above, when the weight ratio of the synthetic rubber to the entire binder is set to 5% to 10%, the temperature control function by pressurization can be exerted in an appropriate range, as shown in Examples described later. As described above, the elastic modulus of the binder can be appropriately adjusted and set.

The present invention provides, as a ninth means for solving the above-mentioned problems, in any one of the first to eighth means for solving the problems, the base material is a fiber and is formed into a fibrous shape. The present invention provides a heating element characterized by:

The present invention provides, as a tenth means for solving the above-mentioned problems, in any one of the above-mentioned first to ninth means, the base material is a fiber and a fiber carrying a conductive polymer is used. The present invention provides a heating element characterized by being formed into a planar shape from.

As described above, when the fiber is used as the base material and the fibrous or planar heating element is used, it can be easily applied to floor heating, hot carpets and other products. in this case,
In particular, the planar heating element can be embodied by the following means.

That is, according to the present invention, as an eleventh means for solving the above-mentioned problems, in the tenth means for solving the problems, fibers carrying a conductive polymer are arranged in the same direction,
The present invention provides a heating element characterized in that dummy fibers are arranged in a direction orthogonal to fibers carrying a conductive polymer and are braided to form a plane.

As described above, when the fibrous heating elements having the conductive polymer are arranged in parallel, heat can be generated by the electric current. On the other hand, when the dummy fibers are arranged in the direction orthogonal to these heating elements, strength and surface are improved. Shape as a heat generating element and appropriate flexibility can be secured.

As a twelfth means for solving the above problems, the present invention is characterized in that, in any one of the ninth to eleventh solution means, the fiber as the base material is a hollow fiber. It provides a heating element.

As described above, when the hollow fiber is used as the fiber as the base material, the conductive polymer can be stably supported, so that the performance can be made constant and, at the same time, the hollow fiber has a large surface area. Since it is wide, it is suitable for improving the binding force with the conductive polymer.

As a thirteenth means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is characterized in that, in any one of the ninth to twelfth means for solving the problems, an electrode for conducting electricity to the conductive polymer is further provided. To provide a heating element.

As described above, when the conductive polymer is also provided with electrodes for applying electric power, it can be actually applied to various heated products such as floor heating and hot carpet.

[0036]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 and 2 show a heating element 10 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the base material 12 and the conductive polymer 14 carried on the base material 12 are provided.

As the base material 12, it is preferable to use a fibrous material as shown in FIG. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the heating element 10 can be formed in a fibrous shape, and for example, it can be applied to various products as a material of a product formed of a fibrous material such as clothing. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, as a planar heating element, it can be easily applied to products requiring heating in a wide area such as floor heating and hot carpet.

The fibrous base material 12 is not particularly limited as long as it can properly carry the conductive polymer 14, and specifically, for example, cotton, polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, acrylic resin. Synthetic fibers such as type fibers and vinylon type fibers, or spun fibers or mixed fibers thereof can be used, and in particular, as shown in FIG.
When the hollow fiber is used, the conductive polymer 14 can be stably supported, so that the performance can be made constant, and at the same time, since the hollow fiber has a large surface area, the binding force with the conductive polymer 14 is improved. It is suitable for the purpose.

As shown in FIG. 1, the conductive polymer 14 has at least a conductive material 16 and a binder 18 carrying the conductive material 16. With such a conductive polymer 14, a binder 1 described later
The basic structure is not particularly limited, except for the elastic modulus characteristic of No. 8, and various structures such as those having almost the same structure and material as those conventionally used as the heating element 10 can be used. In addition, paraffin and the like can be added at the same time to exhibit the PTC characteristics, but specific examples include the following.

As the conductive material 16, for example, graphite,
Granules or powders or particles of carbon black, graphite, metals or mixtures thereof and other electrically conductive substances can be used. As described above, when the particles, the powder, or the fine particles are used, it is easy to support the binder 18 to form the conductive polymer 14, and it is easy to displace the distance between the conductive materials 16 by elastic deformation of the binder 18, which will be described later. It is suitable for easily increasing the electric resistance value.

Further, the binder 18 can use a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, or an elastomer as a main component. More specifically, examples of such a thermosetting resin include modified ethylene terephthalate and the like, and examples of the elastomer include butadiene and isoprene. However, in the present invention, as described below, a binder is used. It is necessary to adjust 18 to an appropriate elastic modulus, and it is particularly preferable to use a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) as a material suitable for ensuring this high elastic modulus.

Specifically, in the present invention, the binder 18
Has an elastic modulus that displaces the distance between the conductive materials 16 so that the electric resistance value of the conductive polymer 14 is increased by pressurization. Due to the increase, the amount of heat generated by energization decreases.
That is, as a result of the binder 18 elastically deforming due to pressurization,
As the distance between the conductive materials 16 increases and the number of the conductive materials 16 per unit volume is the same and the distance increases, the shortest distance of the path of electricity that propagates through the conductive material 16 at the shortest distance and extends. , Only the electric resistance value of the pressed portion increases.

In this case, the amount of increase in the electric resistance value of the conductive polymer 14 due to the pressurization is, specifically, a normal heating device (heating element) for a human body such as a person walking or placing furniture. 10) When used as a conventional PT
It is desirable that the elastic modulus is such that the distance between the conductive materials 16 is displaced so as to increase by two digits, which is not exhibited by a heating element using a conductive polymer exhibiting the C characteristic, that is, 10Ω or more.

At this level, if the electric resistance value of the conductive polymer 14 is set to increase by pressurization, for example, on the floor heating device using the heating element 10 of the present invention,
When it is necessary to maintain a comfortable temperature such as when a person sits down or lays down, it is possible to suppress an increase in heat generation amount. Also, even when furniture is installed on the heating element 10,
The calorific value is suppressed and the temperature does not unnecessarily rise.

In this case, it should be noted that if the temperature is set so that the electric resistance value increases by 10 Ω or more due to the pressurization in the normal use condition, it cannot be achieved by the temperature control by the PTC characteristic (60 ° C. (the minimum that can be actually secured). The temperature control function can be operated at a comfortable temperature below the ceiling point to maintain an appropriate temperature. Further, in this case, since only the electric resistance value of the conductive polymer 14 in the pressed portion is increased and the calorific value in the other portions is not changed, for example, in a room It is possible to appropriately suppress only the local temperature rise only when necessary without significantly affecting the overall heating state and the like.

From this, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, the heating element 10 of the present invention also having PTC characteristics.
When using (1) in area A (see FIG. 3) where a person is sitting, the electrical resistance value is increased and the calorific value is suppressed by the pressurization by the body weight, and the body temperature of 35 ° C. to 40 ° C. It is possible to keep warm at a comfortable temperature, and by doing so, it is possible to reliably prevent the effects of low-temperature burns on the human body.

Further, for example, (2) in a region B (see FIG. 3) in which a pressure less than that of the human body such as a blanket, a towel and a cushion is applied, the heat is blocked by these blankets. When the temperature rises due to pressure, the temperature control function at about 40 ° C by pressurization does not work, but the heating element 1
With the temperature control function based on the PTC characteristic of 0, it is possible to secure safety without raising the temperature to 60 ° C or higher. Further, (3) at the same time, for example, when a temperature sensor (not shown) that stops energization to the heating element 10 when a temperature of 80 ° C. or higher is detected is also provided, for example, an area C (where nothing is loaded) In FIG. 3), if the temperature rises to 60 ° C. or higher for some reason, the temperature control by this temperature sensor can be activated. As a result, the temperature control function can be appropriately activated as needed.

In order to adjust the elastic modulus of the binder 18 so that the temperature control function works at an appropriate temperature by pressurizing as described above, specifically, the binder 18 is made of a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, or The elastomer can be formed by kneading synthetic rubber, and by adjusting the content of the synthetic rubber, the elastic modulus can be set and dealt with. Thereby, the elastic modulus of the binder 18 can be easily adjusted.

Specific examples of the synthetic rubber to be kneaded include styrene-butadiene rubber and nitrile rubber. The binder 18 is a polyolefin, polyamide, polyurethane or polyester in which these synthetic rubbers are kneaded. It can be dealt with by forming it from a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) whose main component is a resin or the like.

In this case, regarding the proper content of the synthetic rubber, considering the embodiment of the present invention in which the temperature described later can be controlled appropriately, the weight ratio of the synthetic rubber to the entire binder 18 is 5% to 10%. % Is considered desirable. Accordingly, the elastic modulus of the binder 18 can be appropriately adjusted and set so that the temperature control function by pressurization can be exerted in an appropriate range.

The heating element 10 of the present invention having the above structure.
There is no particular limitation on the manufacturing method thereof, but the following manufacturing method can be given as an example. That is, specifically, (1) injecting an aromatic solvent such as xylene into a heated stirring container, stirring and heating at 40 ° C to 60 ° C,
(2) A resin or elastomer to serve as the binder 18 is added to this solvent in an appropriate amount, preferably 25% to 40% by weight, with respect to the conductive material 16 to be added later, and subsequently stirred. Further, (3) when imparting PTC characteristics, as a substance imparting PTC characteristics, 25% by weight to 40% by weight of paraffin is added to the conductive material 16 to be added later, and all solids are added. Stirring is continued until the powder is dissolved, and (4) the conductive material 16 in the form of fine powder is added and stirred until a uniform paste is obtained, (5)
By kneading this paste until the finely powdered conductive material 16 is substantially uniformly dispersed, the conductive polymer 14 can be obtained (US Pat. No. 5,556,5).
76, etc.).

The synthetic rubber for imparting a high elastic modulus to the binder 18 is usually a thermoplastic plastic elastomer containing synthetic rubber, which is added to a solvent to form the binder 18. However, it can be added to the solvent together with the resin or elastomer which is the main component of the binder 18. Then, the conductive polymer 14 is impregnated with the hollow fiber that is the base material 12, and the heating element 10 can be obtained through the steps of drying and heating.

[0053]

EXAMPLE Next, an example of the heating element 10 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Specifically, the base material 1
As the fibrous heating element 10, a cotton thread is used as 2, and a conductive polymer 14 having a binder 18 having an appropriate elastic modulus is carried on the fibrous heating element 10.
0 are arranged in the same direction as shown in FIG.
A fibrous heating element 1 in which an ordinary dummy fiber 20 made of cotton yarn (see the one-dot chain line in FIG. 2) carries a conductive polymer 14.
Arranged in the orthogonal direction of 0 and braided, length 30 cm, width 20
It was formed in a planar shape of cm.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, electrodes 22 are provided at both ends of the plurality of fibrous heating elements 10 arranged in parallel, and a connecting terminal 24 and a lead wire 28 connected to the connecting terminal 24 are provided. A 100 V AC power source 26 (setting similar to that of a normal outlet) for energizing the electrode 22 is connected through the electrode 22, and the fibers carrying the conductive polymer 14 between the electrodes 22 are energized to generate Joule heat. The heating element 10 is applicable to a floor heating device, a heating device such as a hot carpet, and the like.

In this case, the conductive polymer 18 is (1)
As an elastomer to serve as the binder 22, a resin-
1 is 10% by weight ratio (hereinafter, the same in this example) to the whole substance for forming the conductive polymer 14,
In addition, an elastomer containing 5% of resin-2 for adjusting the rigidity is used, xylene 40% and MIBK10.
%, And (2) 27% of paraffin for imparting PTC characteristics is added and further stirred, and (3) 5% of carbon black fine powder is added as the conductive material 16. Stir to produce. In this case, as a synthetic rubber for imparting a high elastic modulus, SBR was further contained in an amount of 3%.

In the heating element 10 of such an embodiment,
First, the electrical resistance value was measured and found to be 660Ω at room temperature of 25 ° C. In addition, the heating element 1 of this embodiment
When electricity was applied to 0, a heat generation amount of 250 w / m ² was generated.
Based on this initial value, when a pressure of 60 kg / 0.075 m ² is applied on the heating element 10 of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3, the electric resistance value increases in the range of 20 to 50 Ω. Was confirmed, and due to the increase of the electric resistance value within this range,
In particular, it was possible to control the temperature to a level that was considered comfortable without feeling overheating.

Therefore, with the pressure of 60 kg / 0.075 m ² , which is the pressure applied by the weight of a general person, 20Ω to 50Ω.
So that the electric resistance value increases within the range of
It was confirmed that the temperature control function can be operated at a temperature of less than 60 ° C., preferably near body temperature, by adjusting the elastic modulus of.

Further, in this case, in this example, after volatilization of the solvent (xylene and MIBK), which accounted for 50% by weight of the whole material for forming the conductive polymer 14, the resin 1 (10% by weight), In the binder 18 (45% by weight relative to the total material for composing the conductive polymer 14) formed of resin 2 (5% by weight), paraffin (27% by weight) and SBR (3% by weight), the same conductivity is obtained. Since the SBR (synthetic rubber) is contained in an amount of 3% by weight based on the total weight of the substance for forming the polymerizable polymer 14, the content of the synthetic rubber is converted into the weight ratio based on the entire binder 18 (45%). 3%), binder 1
This means that the synthetic rubber contained about 6.6% by weight with respect to the whole 8. Therefore, as in the above example,
Regarding the elastic modulus of the binder 22 suitable for obtaining an increase in the electric resistance value, by including about 6.6% by weight of synthetic rubber in the binder 18, the elastic modulus of an appropriate value for temperature control can be obtained. Since it could be added, it is considered that by mixing the synthetic rubber within the range of 5% to 10% (weight ratio with respect to the entire binder 18) before and after that, it becomes possible to control the temperature at a comfortable temperature for the human body. .

[0059]

According to the present invention, as described above, since the elastic modulus of the binder is adjusted so that the amount of heat generated is decreased by the increase in the electric resistance value due to the pressurization, Since only the electrical resistance value increases, it is possible to appropriately suppress only the local temperature rise without significantly affecting the heating state of the entire room, etc., and suppress the heat generation amount of the heating element itself. Therefore, without providing a separate temperature sensor or the like, it is possible to appropriately control so that the temperature rise is suppressed only when it is necessary to maintain a comfortable temperature for a human body such as a passenger. is there.

Particularly, according to the present invention, as described above, P
Approximately 60, which is the sealing point at which TC characteristics are exhibited
There is a merit that the temperature can be automatically controlled even at a temperature equal to or lower than 0 ° C to maintain the heat retention state at a suitable constant temperature close to the body temperature. In addition, the temperature control function based on the normal PTC characteristic can also be operated, and there is a practical advantage that the temperature control function can be exerted stepwise at an appropriate temperature as needed.

According to the present invention, as described above, when the load due to the weight of the human body, which actually requires temperature control, is applied, the electric resistance value is increased by a value in the two-digit range. There is a practical benefit of suppressing the local temperature rise due to pressure.

According to the present invention, as described above, the binder has an electric resistance value of the conductive polymer of 60 kg / 0.07.
Since it has an elastic modulus that displaces the distance between conductive materials so that it increases by 20Ω or more when a pressure of 5 m ² is applied, the temperature control function can be properly operated even at a temperature of 60 ° C or less, and it is comfortable for the human body. There is a real benefit that can be properly maintained at various temperatures.

Further, according to the present invention, as described above, the binder has an electric resistance value of the conductive polymer of 60 kg /
Since it has an elastic modulus that displaces the distance between the conductive materials so as to increase in a range of 50Ω or less when a pressure of 0.075 m ² is applied, the electric resistance value does not increase more than necessary,
There is a practical benefit that the local temperature rise due to pressurization can be appropriately controlled while appropriately raising the temperature of the entire room to the required temperature.

According to the present invention, as described above, since the granular material, powder or fine particles of the conductive material such as carbon black is used as the conductive material, the conductive material is supported by the binder. In addition to being easily formed as a polymer, the distance between the conductive materials can be easily displaced by elastic deformation of the binder, and the electrical resistance value can be easily increased.

According to the present invention, as described above, the binder is formed by kneading a synthetic rubber such as SBR or NBR with a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin or an elastomer,
Since the elastic modulus is set by adjusting the content of the synthetic rubber, there is a practical benefit that the elastic modulus of the binder can be easily adjusted.

According to the present invention, as described above, if the weight ratio of the synthetic rubber to the entire binder is set to 5% to 10%, the temperature control function by pressurization can be exerted in an appropriate range. The elastic modulus of the binder can be easily and appropriately adjusted and set.

According to the present invention, as described above, since the fiber is used as the base material and the fibrous or planar heating element is used, it is possible to easily adapt it to floor heating, hot carpets and other products. is there.

According to the present invention, since the fibrous heating elements having the conductive polymer are arranged in parallel as described above, it is possible to generate heat with an electric current, but in the direction orthogonal to these heating elements. Since the dummy fiber is arranged in, the strength, shape retention as a planar heating element, and appropriate flexibility can be secured.

According to the present invention, since the hollow fiber is used as the fiber as the base material as described above, the conductive polymer can be stably supported, so that the performance can be kept constant. At the same time, since the hollow fiber has a large surface area, there is a practical advantage that the binding force with the conductive polymer can be improved.

According to the present invention, as described above, since the conductive polymer is also provided with the electrodes for applying electric power, it can be actually applied to various heating products such as floor heating and hot carpet. There is a real benefit.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of a fibrous heating element of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a planar heating element of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing a temperature control state of a heating device using the heating element of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 heating element 12 Base material 14 Conductive polymer 16 Conductive material 18 binders 20 dummy fibers 22 electrodes 24 connection terminals 26 AC power supply 28 lead wire

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A heating element comprising a base material and a conductive polymer carried on the base material, wherein the conductive polymer is a heating element having a conductive material and a binder carrying the conductive material. Has an elastic modulus that displaces the distance between the conductive materials so that the electric resistance value of the conductive polymer is increased by pressurization, and the conductive polymer is energized by the increase of the electric resistance value by the pressurization. A heating element characterized in that the amount of heat generated by is reduced. 2. The heating element according to claim 1, wherein
The binder has an elastic modulus that displaces the distance between the conductive materials so that the electrical resistance of the conductive polymer increases by 10Ω or more when pressed by the weight of the human body. . 3. The heating element according to claim 1, wherein the binder has an electric resistance of the conductive polymer of 60 Ω / 0.075 m ² or more at a pressure of 20 Ω or more. A heating element having an elastic modulus that displaces the distance between the conductive materials so as to increase. 4. The heating element according to claim 3, wherein
The binder has an electric resistance of the conductive polymer of 6
A heating element having an elastic modulus for displacing the distance between the conductive materials so as to increase in a range of 50 Ω or less under a pressure of 0 kg / 0.075 m ² . 5. The heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the conductive material is graphite, carbon black, graphite, or other particles or particles of a conductive substance. A heating element characterized by being. 6. The heating element according to claim 1, wherein the binder is formed by kneading a synthetic rubber with a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, or an elastomer. A heating element, wherein the elastic modulus is set by adjusting the content of synthetic rubber. 7. The heating element according to claim 6,
A heating element, characterized in that the synthetic rubber kneaded with the binder is styrene-butadiene rubber or nitrile rubber. 8. The heating element according to claim 6, wherein the weight ratio of the synthetic rubber to the entire binder is 5% to 10%. . 9. The heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the base material is a fiber and is formed into a fibrous shape. 10. The heating element according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the base material is a fiber and is formed in a planar shape from the fiber carrying the conductive polymer. A heating element characterized by being present. 11. The heating element according to claim 10, wherein the fibers carrying the conductive polymer are arranged in the same direction, and dummy fibers are provided in a direction orthogonal to the fibers carrying the conductive polymer. A heating element characterized by being arranged, braided, and formed into a planar shape. 12. The heating element according to claim 9, wherein the fiber as the base material is a hollow fiber. 13. The heating element according to claim 9, further comprising an electrode that conducts electricity to the conductive polymer.