JP2003317787A - Cogeneration vehicle system using fuel cell vehicle and movable body composing system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vehicle system using an electric vehicle mounted with a fuel cell power generating device and a predetermined movable body coupled with the electric vehicle, and capable of realizing cogeneration to the movable body even during traveling of the electric vehicle. <P>SOLUTION: The vehicle 10 using a fuel cell 13 as a power source and the movable body 20 coupled with the vehicle 10 and provided with at least a storage battery 23 and a hot water storage tank 25 are coupled by a joint part 30. Water made by the fuel cell 13 is recovered by a water recovering part 21 via the joint part 30. Heat generated by the fuel cell 13 is recovered by a heat recovering part 22 via the joint part 30. The recovered water is warmed up with the recovered heat and then it is stored in the hot water storage tank 25. The hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 25 is used as hot water for cabin temperature control and hot-water supply of the movable body 20. Surplus power generated by the fuel cell 13 is stored in the storage battery 23, and it is fed to wiring in the movable body 20. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cogeneration vehicle system using a fuel cell vehicle and a moving body forming the system, and more specifically, water generated during power generation in the fuel cell vehicle and generated water. The present invention relates to a cogeneration vehicle system and a moving body that can effectively use heat to a moving body (trailer or the like) connected to a fuel cell vehicle, and further to a fixed facility (house or the like) via the moving body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a generator using a fuel cell has been attracting attention as a generator having high energy efficiency and being environmentally friendly. Power generation by a fuel cell uses a reaction opposite to electrolysis of water as a principle, and hydrogen and oxygen are reacted to generate power. Therefore, water and heat are generated by power generation by the fuel cell, and no harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides are emitted (although they are emitted depending on the method, the emission amount is very small. ).

Various types of fuel cells have been developed and studied. Among them, the polymer electrolyte fuel cell has a higher energy efficiency than the other types of fuel cells, and the carbon dioxide gas type of Since it is rare, it has little adverse effect on the environment. Further, since the polymer electrolyte fuel cell operates at a lower temperature (about 70 ° C.) than the fuel cells of other systems, it is easy to increase or decrease the amount of power generation. Therefore, it is possible to use polymer electrolyte fuel cells as a power source to replace conventional internal combustion engines in the field of automobiles, and to use them as energy sources for cogeneration in the field of living space facilities (houses, campers, etc.). Is expected to do.

However, when the fuel cell is used as a power source for an electric vehicle or a cogeneration system for a house, etc.,
There is a problem in that a power generator using a fuel cell must be installed in each of an electric vehicle, a house, and the like, which increases the installation cost. In addition, in a house or the like, it is possible to effectively use all of the water generated and the heat generated by the power generation by the fuel cell, but in the electric vehicle, only the generated power is used to generate the water and the generated heat. Since the heat generated is discarded, it cannot be said that energy is being effectively used.

Therefore, a technique has been proposed in which water generated by a fuel cell power generator installed in an electric vehicle and heat generated are used as cogeneration at home or outdoors (see Patent Document 1). . This patent document 1
In the conventional technique described in (1), an electric vehicle equipped with a fuel cell power generator is connected to a house or tent, and electric power, water, and heat obtained by fuel cell power generation in the electric vehicle are supplied to the house or tent. ing.

[0006]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-273680

[0007]

However, the above-mentioned conventional technique uses an electric vehicle equipped with a fuel cell power generator as a fixed generator. For this reason,
During power generation, you have to sacrifice the original ability of the car,
On the other hand, if the car and the house or tent are separated in order to drive the car, cogeneration cannot be realized. As described above, in the above-described conventional technique, the contradictory problem remains.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to use an electric vehicle equipped with a fuel cell power generator, and a movable moving body having at least a storage battery and a hot water storage tank, which is connected to the electric vehicle, and is mounted on the electric vehicle. The present invention is to provide a vehicle system capable of realizing cogeneration not only while the vehicle is stopped but also while the vehicle is running by cooperating the fuel cell and the storage battery and the hot water storage tank provided in the moving body.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following features. A first invention is a cogeneration vehicle system using a fuel cell vehicle, a vehicle equipped with a fuel cell for generating electricity using hydrogen as a fuel, and a hydrogen supply section for storing hydrogen, traction traveling and energy consumption. It consists of a moving body that is connected to the vehicle so that it can be exchanged and has a space and equipment that can be used by humans. The moving body collects heat generated during power generation of the fuel cell from the vehicle Of water,
The fuel storage unit has a heat storage unit that stores heated hot water in a hot water storage tank and stores heat, and a power storage unit that recovers surplus power unnecessary for driving the vehicle out of the power generated by the fuel cell and stores the power in the storage battery. It is characterized in that energy generated by a battery and not used for driving a vehicle is stored in a moving body and used.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the vehicle equipped with the fuel cell power generator and the moving body are connected to each other so that they can cooperate and move. Therefore, even when the vehicle is running, the fuel cell power generation is possible. The energy that is not used for driving the vehicle generated by the above can be effectively used for cogeneration in the moving body. Therefore, the system of the present invention has higher cogeneration efficiency, lower pollution, and lower noise than the conventional system. Further, it becomes possible to realize the use of cogeneration using a fuel cell power generation device, which has been realized only in a fixed building until now, even in an arbitrary destination.

A second aspect of the present invention is a cogeneration vehicle system according to the first aspect of the present invention, further comprising a fixed facility having a space and equipment which is connected to a moving body so that energy can be transferred and used by a person. The feature is that the energy contained in the configuration and accumulated in the mobile body is used in the equipment of the fixed facility.

According to the second aspect of the invention, since the moving body connected to the vehicle and the fixed facility can be further connected, energy can be transferred between the moving body and the fixed facility. That is, it is possible to store the energy generated during the traveling of the vehicle that is not used for driving the vehicle in the moving body, and to effectively use the cogeneration later in the fixed facility.

The third and fourth inventions are cogeneration vehicle systems according to the first and second inventions, in which hot water stored in a heat storage section is supplied to a hot water supply facility of a moving body or a fixed facility, It is characterized in that the electric power stored in the power storage unit is supplied to electric equipment of a mobile body or a fixed facility.

According to the third and fourth aspects of the present invention, the moving body having the storage battery and the hot water storage tank and the fixed facility having the indoor wiring and the fixed hot water storage tank can cooperate with the vehicle. It is possible to store heat and excessive electric power generated during traveling in a mobile unit and effectively use it in a mobile unit or a fixed facility. Further, since the electric power stored in the storage battery of the mobile body can be used together with the commercial electric power in the fixed facility, the storage battery can be used as a load fluctuation absorbing power source that gives a peak cut effect or an emergency power source at the time of power failure. Further, since the amount of hot water in the hot water supply equipment of the fixed facility can be supplemented by the hot water storage tank of the moving body, the hot water storage tank of the hot water supply equipment can be downsized.

A fifth aspect of the present invention is a cogeneration vehicle system according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the heat storage section collects water generated during power generation of the fuel cell from the vehicle and uses it as predetermined water. Is characterized by.

According to the fifth aspect, the water generated by the fuel cell power generation of the vehicle can also be effectively used for cogeneration in the moving body and the fixed facility.

A sixth aspect of the present invention is a cogeneration vehicle system according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein when the power generated by the fuel cell is less than the power required to drive the vehicle, the storage battery of the moving body is used. The electric power stored in the vehicle is supplied to the vehicle.

According to the sixth aspect of the invention, hybrid traveling can be realized when the vehicle and the moving body are connected.

A seventh aspect of the present invention is a cogeneration vehicle system according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, wherein when the storage amount of the storage battery of the mobile body is equal to or greater than a predetermined amount, the power of the storage battery is supplied to the electric equipment of the fixed facility. However, when the amount is less than the predetermined amount, the storage battery is charged with electric power using the power source of the fixed facility.

According to the seventh aspect of the invention, when the moving body and the fixed facility are connected to each other, when the storage amount of the storage battery of the moving body is insufficient, the storage battery is charged with the commercial power of the fixed facility. Therefore, the consumption of hydrogen fuel of the vehicle can be suppressed.

The eighth and ninth inventions are cogeneration vehicle systems according to the first and fourth inventions, in which heat is stored in a heat storage unit of a moving body or hot water supply equipment of a fixed facility at the start of operation of the vehicle. It is characterized in that at least one of the fuel cell of the vehicle and the storage battery of the moving body is warmed using the warm heat.

The tenth and eleventh inventions are the first and fourth inventions.
A cogeneration vehicle system according to the invention of claim 1, wherein at the start of operation of the vehicle, at least the glass window of the vehicle or the air in the vehicle or the seat is used by using the heat stored in the heat storage section of the moving body or the hot water supply equipment of the fixed facility It is characterized by heating one.

According to the above eighth to eleventh inventions, the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank or the hot water supply equipment of the fixed facility is used to warm the fuel cell of the vehicle before traveling or the storage battery of the moving body, and the interior heating of the vehicle. Therefore, a comfortable driving environment can be provided.

A twelfth invention is a cogeneration vehicle system according to the fourth invention, characterized in that the hydrogen fuel of the fuel cell is filled from a fixed facility via a moving body.

According to the twelfth aspect of the invention, the hydrogen fuel stored in the vehicle can be filled from the fixed facility without going to a predetermined hydrogen supply stand or the like.

A thirteenth invention is a cogeneration vehicle system according to the fifth invention, wherein the vehicle has a filter for removing dust and harmful substances, and the oxygen extracted from the air passed through the filter is removed. It is characterized in that it is supplied to a fuel cell.

According to the thirteenth aspect of the invention, when clean hydrogen and oxygen are used as fuel, the water produced in the fuel cell can be used for drinking.

[0028] A fourteenth invention is a cogeneration vehicle system according to the first invention, wherein the moving body is 50 when the hot water stored in the hot water tank is used for drinking.
When it is used for purposes other than drinking when the temperature drops below 0 ° C, the hot water is discharged to the outside before the temperature drops below 0 ° C.

According to the fourteenth aspect, it is possible to prevent damage to the hot water storage tank due to water spoilage or water freezing in advance.

A fifteenth invention is a cogeneration vehicle system according to the first invention, wherein the moving body heats the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank by utilizing the catalytic combustion of hydrogen fuel stored in the vehicle. It is characterized by further comprising a heating unit for performing.

According to the fifteenth aspect, the hot water of 40 to 70 ° C. recovered from the fuel cell can be heated to any temperature suitable for drinking.

A sixteenth invention is a cogeneration vehicle system according to the first invention, wherein the vehicle and the moving body can be separated, and when the vehicle and the moving body are separated, the vehicle is: It is characterized in that it can be driven independently by the electric power generated by the fuel cell.

A seventeenth invention is a cogeneration vehicle system according to the second invention, wherein the vehicle, the moving body and the fixed facility can be separated from each other, and the vehicle, the moving body and the fixed facility are separated from each other. If the vehicle is driven, the vehicle can run alone by fuel cell power generation, and when the vehicle and the moving body are separated from the fixed facility, the vehicle and the moving body generate energy that is not used to drive the vehicle generated by the fuel cell. It is characterized in that it is possible to carry out connected traveling by storing and using the vehicle in a moving body.

According to the sixteenth and seventeenth inventions, the vehicle, the moving body, and the fixed facility can be freely connected / disconnected, so that the user selects the optimum operation mode according to the desired traveling pattern. can do.

The eighteenth aspect of the present invention is a moving body having a space and equipment used by a person, and capable of towing and transferring energy to and from a vehicle equipped with a fuel cell for generating electricity using hydrogen as fuel. Further, it can be connected to a fixed facility having a space and equipment used by people, and can be connected to transfer energy to and from it. A heat storage unit that stores hot water in a hot water storage tank to store heat, and a storage battery for electric power. In the case where the heat storage unit is connected to a vehicle, the heat storage unit recovers heat generated during power generation of the fuel cell from the vehicle, heats predetermined water with the recovered heat, and heats the heated hot water. The power storage unit stores heat in the hot water storage tank, and the power storage unit collects excess power unnecessary for driving the vehicle out of the power generated by the fuel cell from the vehicle, stores it in the storage battery, and stores the hot water stored in the heat storage unit by itself. Supply to the hot water supply facility of When the obtained electric power is supplied to its own electric equipment and connected to the fixed facility, the hot water stored in the heat storage unit is supplied to the hot water supply facility of the fixed facility, and the electric power stored in the electricity storage unit is supplied to the electric power of the fixed facility. It is characterized by supplying to equipment.

A nineteenth aspect of the invention is a moving body according to the eighteenth aspect of the invention, wherein the heat storage section collects water generated during power generation of the fuel cell from the vehicle and uses it as predetermined water. And

A twentieth aspect of the present invention is a moving object according to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention, wherein when the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank is used for drinking, when it falls below 50 ° C. If it is used for a purpose, before it drops below 0 ℃,
The hot water is discharged to the outside.

[0038]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, in a first embodiment of the present invention, an electric vehicle (a private car, a taxi, a bus, a truck, etc .; hereinafter referred to as a vehicle) equipped with a fuel cell power generator will be described. A cogeneration vehicle system including a moving body connected to the vehicle will be described. In the second embodiment, a system will be described in which the cogeneration vehicle system according to the first embodiment is connected to a fixed facility (a house or a building where a vehicle stops) to realize cogeneration in the fixed facility. In the third embodiment,
The practical use of water generated by fuel cell power generation and generated heat will be described.

(First Embodiment) FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a cogeneration vehicle system using the fuel cell vehicle according to the embodiment of FIG. In FIG. 1, the system according to the first embodiment is configured such that a vehicle 10 equipped with a fuel cell power generator that uses hydrogen as a fuel and a moving body 20 having a living space are connected via a joint portion 30. Is. The joint portion 30 is used for the vehicle 10.
The vehicle 10 can be driven by pulling the moving body 20 to and from the vehicle 10.
The vehicle 10 and the moving body 20 are connected so that the energy can be used for cogeneration from the moving body 20 to the moving body 20.

The moving body 20 described in the present invention is a vehicle 10
It is supposed to be a trailer that can be moved together with it to be effectively used by people, and typically, a mobile house having living facilities such as a kitchen, a toilet, and a bed can be mentioned. If such a moving body 20 is connected to the vehicle 10, the function as a camper is exhibited. In addition to this, as the moving body 20, various trailers having the following spaces can be considered.

As a space to enjoy, "virtual gathering room" where you can experience virtual reality, "hobby room", "atelier", "karaoke room", "theater room" where you can enjoy hobbies such as pottery and musical instrument performance on the move , "Audio room", etc. are conceivable. For example, in the case of an audio room, it is possible to enjoy music with loud sound by moving the moving body 20 to a place where there is no problem even if noise is generated. As a convenient space, "learning classroom" such as a computer classroom, "study", "SOHO", "satellite office", "kitchen", "reception room" can be considered. As a space for comfort, "smart house", "chamber", "chamma", "rest room", "living room", "bedroom", etc. can be considered. As a space that can be used for health, a "short-term rest cottage", "translocation medical treatment / rest room", "training gym", etc. can be considered. As a space that can be used in terms of safety, there are "survival support room", "outside world isolation room",
An "evacuation site" is possible. As a space that can be used in terms of security, it is possible to use "shelters in the event of a disaster,""long-term isolated living support room,""carehouse," etc.

First, the vehicle 10 and the moving body 20 constituting the cogeneration vehicle system according to the first embodiment.
Detailed structure and joint part 30 connecting them
The role of will be described with reference to FIG.

The vehicle 10 comprises a hydrogen supply unit 11, an oxygen supply unit 12, a fuel cell 13, a power control unit 14, and a drive unit 15.

The hydrogen supply unit 11 stores hydrogen fuel filled in a predetermined hydrogen supply stand or the like, and supplies a required amount of hydrogen to the fuel cell 13 during power generation. Hydrogen supply unit 1
The hydrogen fuel stored in 1 may be in the state of high-pressure hydrogen gas of 30 to 70 MPa, in the state of hydrogen storage alloy using Mg or Ti alloy, or in the state of liquid hydrogen.
The oxygen supply unit 12 takes in air outside the vehicle and supplies a required amount of oxygen to the fuel cell 13 during power generation. The oxygen supply unit 12 may store the oxygen fuel in the state of the oxygen cylinder. The fuel cell 13 electrochemically reacts the supplied hydrogen and oxygen to generate direct current power, and outputs the power to the power control unit 14. The solid polymer type is the most suitable method for the fuel cell 13. Further, the fuel cell 13 causes the water generated by power generation to move to the moving body 2 through the joint portion 30.
The heat generated by power generation is supplied to the zero water recovery unit 21 through the joint unit 30 and the heat recovery unit 22 of the moving body 20. The power control unit 14 converts the DC power supplied from the fuel cell 13 into a DC / DC converter and a D / DC converter.
It is converted into AC power by a C / AC inverter (not shown) and supplied to the drive unit 15. In addition, the power control unit 14
Monitors the storage state of the storage battery 23 of the moving body 20, and when the storage amount of the storage battery 23 decreases, the fuel cell 1
The storage battery 23 is charged with a part of the DC power supplied from the battery 3.

The moving body 20 includes a water recovery section 21, a heat recovery section 22, a storage battery 23, a voltage conversion section 24, and a hot water storage tank 25.
A drainage section 26 and a heating section 27. Water recovery unit 2
1, the heat recovery unit 22 and the hot water storage tank 25 constitute a heat storage unit. The storage battery 23 and the voltage conversion unit 24 form a power storage unit.

The water recovery unit 21 recovers the water generated in the fuel cell 13 via the joint unit 30. Since water vapor is discharged from the fuel cell 13, the water recovery unit 21
This water vapor is condensed and recovered in the state of water. Heat recovery unit 2
Reference numeral 2 denotes the heat generated in the fuel cell 13,
Collect via. The heat recovered by the heat recovery unit 22 is stored in the water (heat storage material) recovered by the water recovery unit 21 by the heat exchange process. That is, the water recovered by the water recovery unit 21 is warmed. The warmed water is stored in the hot water storage tank 25 and used for adjusting the room temperature of the moving body 20 and for supplying hot water to the kitchen, the bathroom, and the like. In addition, the water recovery unit 21 is the hot water storage tank 2
The hot water storage amount of No. 5 is monitored, and when the hot water storage tank 25 is full, hot water is discharged to the outside of the vehicle through the drainage unit 26. The DC power stored in the storage battery 23 is converted into a required voltage format by the voltage conversion unit 24 including a DC / DC converter and a DC / AC inverter, and is supplied to the wiring inside the moving body 20. The heating unit 27 is used to heat the hot water as needed when using the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 25.

The joint portion 30 is mounted on the vehicle 10 to move the moving body 2.
The vehicle 10 and the moving body 20 can be driven by pulling 0.
And are connected. Further, since the joint unit 30 supplies the electric power generated by the fuel cell 13 of the vehicle 10 to the mobile body 20, the joint unit 30 connects the power control unit 14 and the storage battery 23, and the water generated and generated by the power generation. The moving body 20
The fuel cell 13 is connected to the water recovery part 21 and the heat recovery part 22 in order to supply to The joint portion 30 is provided with the vehicle 10 and the moving body 20 so that the vehicle 10 can travel independently.
It has a structure that can be easily separated from and. In this case, the joint part 30 may exist as an independent structure,
It may be configured integrally with either the vehicle 10 or the moving body 20.

Next, the vehicle 10 and the moving body 2 having the above-mentioned structure.
The operation performed in the cogeneration vehicle system according to the first embodiment in which 0 and 0 are connected by the joint portion 30 will be specifically described.

When the vehicle is stopped, the vehicle 10 charges the storage battery 23 of the moving body 20 with the electric power generated by the fuel cell 13 via the power control unit 14. The vehicle 10 also supplies water generated by power generation and generated heat to the water recovery unit 21 and the heat recovery unit 22. The moving body 20 is the vehicle 10
It recovers the water and heat supplied from, and uses it for indoor heating and hot water for hot water supply. Note that the vehicle 10 does not always need to generate power when the vehicle is stopped, and may stop power generation when the storage battery 23 has a sufficient amount of power storage.

At the time of starting, the vehicle 10 supplies the electric power generated by the fuel cell 13 to the drive unit 15 via the power control unit 14. At this time, when the electric power output of the fuel cell 13 is insufficient, the vehicle 10 receives electric power supply from the storage battery 23 of the moving body 20 to make up for the insufficiency. By this control, the acceleration performance at the time of starting can be improved. Also at this time, the vehicle 10 also supplies the water generated by the power generation and the generated heat to the water recovery unit 21 and the heat recovery unit 22. Then, the moving body 20 collects water and heat supplied from the vehicle 10 and uses them for indoor heating, hot water for hot water supply, and the like.

During traveling, the vehicle 10 continues to supply the electric power generated by the fuel cell 13 to the drive unit 15 via the power control unit 14. On the other hand, the vehicle 10 charges the storage battery 23 with a part of the electric power when the storage amount of the storage battery 23 decreases. Also at this time, the vehicle 10 also collects the water generated by the power generation and the generated heat in the water recovery unit 21 and the heat recovery unit 2
Supply to 2. Then, the moving body 20 collects water and heat supplied from the vehicle 10 and uses them for indoor heating, hot water for hot water supply, and the like.

During braking, the vehicle 10 supplies the electric power generated by the fuel cell 13 and the regenerative power generated by the drive unit 15 during braking to the storage battery 2 of the moving body 20 via the power control unit 14.
Charge to 3. The vehicle 10 may stop power generation during braking. Also at this time, the vehicle 10 also supplies the water generated by the power generation and the generated heat to the water recovery unit 21 and the heat recovery unit 22. Then, the moving body 20 collects water and heat supplied from the vehicle 10 and uses them for indoor heating, hot water for hot water supply, and the like.

As described above, in the cogeneration vehicle system according to the first embodiment, the vehicle 10 and the moving body 20 are
Since the and are connected by the joint portion 30 and are moved together, water generated by the fuel cell power generation of the vehicle 10 and generated heat are always kept in all states at the time of stopping, starting, traveling and braking. The mobile unit 20 can be used for cogeneration. Further, in the cogeneration vehicle system according to the first embodiment, the following control can be performed using the above configuration.

As is well known, the fuel cell 13 utilizes power generation by an electrochemical reaction, and therefore the output decreases at low temperatures. Therefore, when the vehicle 10 is started from the cold state of the fuel cell 13, the temperature of the fuel cell 13 is set to 4 by idling until electric power capable of starting is output.
It is necessary to raise the temperature to 0 to 70 ° C. Therefore, the vehicle 10
It takes about 3 minutes to start. In addition, until output of power capable of starting, it is impossible to operate a device requiring a power load, such as a navigation for acquiring information with the outside, a television, an air conditioner for adjusting the temperature inside the vehicle, and the like.

Therefore, in the cogeneration vehicle system according to the first embodiment, in order to avoid the above situation, the heat recovered by the heat recovery section 22 of the moving body 20 is used to drive the fuel cell 13 of the vehicle 10. Do warming. Specifically, a structure is provided in which a predetermined liquid is circulated between the fuel cell 13 and the heat recovery unit 22 using a pump or the like, and the heat recovery unit 22
The liquid warmed by the heat recovered in circulates. Similarly, if a circulation path is provided so as to heat the glass window of the vehicle 10, the air inside the vehicle, the seat, etc., the vehicle 1
It is possible to provide a comfortable in-vehicle environment before driving zero.
As the liquid to be circulated, hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 25 of the moving body 20 may be used, but water containing an antifreezing material such as ethylene glycol may be used. Since the output of the storage battery 23 of the moving body 20 also decreases at low temperatures, it is preferable to warm the storage battery 23 when the temperature is 0 ° C. or lower.

In the first embodiment, the case where water is used as the heat storage material of the heat recovery section 22 has been described. However, other than water, for example, latent heat storage paraffin or reaction heat storage calcium carbide may be used. A heat storage material may be used. When using a heat storage material other than water, when using hot water in the moving body 20, a secondary heat exchange process for warming the water recovered by the water recovery unit 21 is required.

Further, in the cogeneration vehicle system according to the first embodiment, the cogeneration operation mode in which the vehicle 10 and the moving body 20 are connected and used, and the moving body 20 is separated and used in the vehicle 10 alone. (FIG. 2) One of the features is that the user can arbitrarily select the single operation mode. In the cogeneration operation mode, the vehicle 10 controls the power generation state of the fuel cell 13 so that the vehicle 10 operates in a manner suitable for use in cogeneration with the moving body 20. In the islanding mode, the vehicle 10 controls the power generation state of the fuel cell 13 so that the vehicle 10 operates in a manner suitable for islanding.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a cogeneration vehicle system using the fuel cell vehicle according to the embodiment of FIG. In FIG. 3, in the system according to the second embodiment, a vehicle 10 equipped with a fuel cell power generator that uses hydrogen as a fuel and a moving body 20 having a living space are connected via a first joint portion 30. In addition, the moving body 20 and the fixed facility 40 such as a house are connected via the second joint portion 50. The first joint section 30 is capable of traveling by pulling the moving body 20 to the vehicle 10 and enabling cogeneration of energy from the vehicle 10 to the moving body 20. To connect.
The second joint section 50 is provided from the moving body 20 to the fixed facility 4
The moving body 20 and the fixed facility 40 are connected so that the energy can be used for cogeneration to zero.

As shown in FIG. 3, the cogeneration vehicle system according to the second embodiment has a configuration in which a fixed facility 40 and a second joint section 50 are further added to the system of the first embodiment. is there. The first joint section 30 in the second embodiment and the joint section 30 in the first embodiment have the same configuration. First,
The cogeneration vehicle system according to the second embodiment will be described with a focus on this added configuration.

The fixed facility 40 is a house or the like that does not move for people to live in, and uses indoor wiring 41 for supplying electric power, a fixed hot water tank 42 for storing hot water, and hot water in the fixed hot water tank 42. Facilities 43 (bathroom in the example of FIG. 3)
Is provided at least.

The second joint section 50 connects the moving body 20 and the fixed facility 40. This second joint part 5
0 supplies the electric power stored in the storage battery 23 of the mobile unit 20 into the fixed facility 40, so that the voltage conversion unit 24 is connected to the indoor wiring 41 of the fixed facility 40, and the hot water storage tank 25 of the mobile unit 20 is connected. In order to supply the stored hot water into the fixed facility 40, the hot water storage tank 25 and the fixed hot water storage tank 42 are connected. The second joint section 50 has a structure that allows the vehicle 10 and the moving body 20 to travel independently, so that the moving body 20 and the fixed facility 40 can be easily separated. In this case, the second
The joint part 50 may exist as an independent structure, or may be integrally formed with either the moving body 20 or the fixed facility 40.

Here, it is conceivable that the second joint section 50 has a space through which a person can pass. By doing so, a person can freely move between the mobile unit 20 and the fixed facility 40, and a new effect is produced in that the mobile unit 20 can be used as a part of a house. At this time, in order to facilitate the movement between the moving body 20 and the fixed facility 40, for example, the floor of the fixed facility 40 and the floor of the moving body 20 can be made to coincide with each other. It is preferable that the structure has a height adjustable.
The height adjusting function may be provided on the moving body 20 side or the fixed facility 40 side.

Next, the vehicle 10 and the moving body 2 having the above-mentioned structure.
0 and the fixed facility 40 are the first joint portion 30 and the second
The operation performed in the cogeneration vehicle system according to the second embodiment, which is connected by the joint section 50 of FIG.

The vehicle 10 charges the storage battery 23 of the moving body 20 with the electric power generated by the fuel cell 13 via the power control section 14 and the first joint section 30. In addition, the vehicle 10 supplies the water generated by the power generation and the generated heat,
It is supplied to the water recovery part 21 and the heat recovery part 22 via the first joint part 30. The moving body 20 collects water and heat supplied from the vehicle 10 and uses them for indoor heating, hot water for hot water supply, and the like. In addition to this, when the storage rate of the storage battery 23 is a predetermined amount or more, the mobile body 20 converts a part of the electric power stored in the storage battery 23 into a voltage required by the voltage exchange unit 24, and then the second joint. It is supplied to the indoor wiring 41 of the fixed facility 40 via the section 50. As a result, it is possible to contribute to the suppression of load fluctuations of electric power in the fixed facility 40. Furthermore, when the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 25 is equal to or larger than a predetermined amount, the moving body 20 pumps a part of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 25 via the second joint section 50 (not shown). Is supplied to the fixed hot water storage tank 42 of the fixed facility 40.

As described above, in the cogeneration vehicle system according to the second embodiment, since the moving body 20 and the fixed facility 40 are connected by the second joint portion 50, the vehicle 10 is generated by the fuel cell power generation. The water and the generated heat can be supplied to the stationary facility 40 as well as the moving body 20 for cogeneration. In particular, the useful energy-saving effect that the energy (water, heat, electric power) stored in the moving body 20 while the vehicle 10 is traveling can be reused in the fixed facility 40 after returning home can be exhibited.
Further, in the cogeneration vehicle system according to the second embodiment, the following control can be performed by using the above configuration.

As described in the first embodiment, it is necessary to warm the fuel cell 13 when starting. However, there may be a case where there is no hot water in the hot water storage tank 25 of the moving body 20. In this case, hot water may be reversely supplied from the fixed hot water storage tank 42 of the fixed facility 40 to the hot water storage tank 25 of the moving body 20. Even when hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank 25 of the moving body 20, when the fixed hot water storage tank 42 of the fixed facility 40 is superior in heat retention to the hot water storage tank 25, when the operation of the vehicle 10 is finished. It is also possible that all the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 25 is discharged to the fixed hot water storage tank 42, and the hot water is reentered from the fixed hot water storage tank 42 to the hot water storage tank 25 at the start of operation of the next vehicle 10. Thereby, high heat utilization efficiency can be realized.

In the second embodiment, the vehicle 10
Power generation of the fuel cell 13 of the storage battery 23 of the moving body 20
Explained to charge. However, at present, there is a relation of “electricity price generated by hydrogen> commercial electric power price of the power generation company”, so that the vehicle 10, the moving body 20, and the fixed facility 40 are connected.
When the vehicle 10 and the vehicle 10 are connected to each other, the storage battery 23 of the moving body 20 is charged by using the commercial power of the fixed facility 40.
Economic effect can be obtained by suppressing the consumption of hydrogen fuel. In addition, a pipe (not shown) for filling the hydrogen supply unit 11 of the vehicle 10 with hydrogen fuel is fixed to the fixed facility 40 via the first joint unit 30 and the second joint unit 50.
If it is possible to connect to the hydrogen supply unit 11, hydrogen fuel can be supplied from the fixed facility 40 to the hydrogen supply unit 11 at the time of connection.

In addition, in the cogeneration vehicle system according to the second embodiment, in addition to the above-mentioned cogeneration operation mode and independent operation mode, the vehicle 10, the moving body 20, and the fixed facility 40 are used by being connected. Two
One of the features is that the user can further arbitrarily select the cogeneration operation mode of No. 3 and the third cogeneration operation mode in which only the moving body 20 is connected to the fixed facility 40 for use. In the case of the second cogeneration operation mode, the vehicle 10 controls the power generation state of the fuel cell 13 so that the operation is suitable for the cogeneration use between the moving body 20 and the fixed facility 40. In the case of the third cogeneration operation mode, the vehicle 10
Performs the same control as in the isolated operation mode.

(Third Embodiment) Next, a specific method of using the generated water and the generated heat in the cogeneration vehicle system according to the first and second embodiments will be described.

As described above, since the fuel cell 13 uses hydrogen and oxygen as fuels and utilizes a reaction opposite to electrolysis of water as a principle, all the fuel used for power generation becomes generated water. Occurs in large numbers. In addition, a large amount of heat is generated as the fuel cell 13 generates electric power. Therefore, by warming the generated water with the generated heat, the warm water can be sufficiently used for cleaning the kitchen, bath water, and the like. Also, hot water can be used for heating.

On the other hand, when the oxygen fuel supplied to the fuel cell 13 is clean, water with extremely high purity and suitable for drinking is generated as the fuel cell 13 generates electricity. Therefore,
By warming the generated drinking-friendly water with the heat generated during power generation, the hot water can be sufficiently used for purposes such as adding coffee. However, in the actual fuel cell 13 mounted on the vehicle 10, oxygen in the atmosphere is used for power generation. For this reason, dust or harmful substances contained in the atmosphere may be mixed with the generated water, and the generated water may have a water quality not suitable for drinking. As a countermeasure against this, it is conceivable to purify the air supplied to the fuel cell using a filter such as an ion exchange resin or an activated carbon adsorbent to prevent dust and harmful substances from being mixed into the generated water. This method produces not only clean water but also fuel cell 13
It can be said that it is the most practical because it can prevent the contamination of.

By the way, when warm water is stored in the hot water storage tank 25 of the moving body 20, at a temperature of 50 ° C. or less, various bacteria contained in the warm water rapidly increase due to biological growth. On the other hand, 0 ℃
At the temperatures below, there is a risk that water will freeze and destroy the hot water tank 25. Therefore, the drainage portion 26 provided in the hot water storage tank 25
It is preferable to control the drainage by utilizing the following. When the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 25 is for drinking, the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 25 is discharged to the outside of the moving body 20 when the temperature of the water becomes 50 ° C. or lower. This makes it possible to prevent water from spoiling in advance. When the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 25 is not for drinking, the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 25 is discharged to the outside of the moving body 20 before the temperature of the water reaches 0 ° C. As a result, it is possible to prevent damage to the hot water storage tank 25 due to freezing of water in advance. The inner surface of the hot water storage tank 25 is preferably subjected to a water repellent surface treatment using fluorine.
This treatment improves drainage during drainage.

The heat generated in the fuel cell 13 is 7
It is around 0 ° C. Therefore, it is not delicious even if coffee or the like is added at this temperature. Therefore, it is preferable to heat the hot water to an optimum temperature (for example, 90 ° C. or higher) in the heating section 27 provided between the hot water storage tank 25 and the hot water supply port for drinking water. The heating unit 27 is connected to the hydrogen supply unit 1 of the vehicle 10.
It is optimal to use a hydrogen burner because the hydrogen fuel stored in No. 1 can be used. Then, when using the hot water for drinking, the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 25 is heated to the required temperature by the hydrogen burner. As this hydrogen burner, catalytic combustion in which hydrogen is reacted at room temperature is recommended. Hydrogen-catalyzed combustion is safe because there is no flame, and no ignition device is required, so it is extremely reliable.

As described above, according to the cogeneration vehicle system of the present invention, the moving body 2 including the vehicle 10 equipped with the fuel cell power generator, the storage battery 23 and the hot water tank 25 is provided.
Since 0 and 0 are connected so that they can cooperate and move, energy can be transferred between the vehicle 10 and the moving body 20 even during movement. That is, the vehicle 10
Even when the vehicle is traveling, the water generated by the fuel cell power generation, the generated heat, and the excessive electric power can be effectively used for cogeneration in the moving body 20. Therefore, the cogeneration vehicle system of the present invention has higher cogeneration efficiency, lower pollution, and lower noise environment than conventional systems (campers, etc.). Further, it becomes possible to realize the use of cogeneration using a fuel cell power generation device, which has been realized only in a fixed building until now, even in an arbitrary destination.

Further, according to the cogeneration vehicle system of the present invention, the moving body 20 connected to the vehicle 10 and the fixed facility 40 having the indoor wiring 41 and the fixed hot water storage tank 42 can be further connected. Energy can be transferred between the mobile unit 20 and the fixed facility 40. That is, the water generated while the vehicle 10 is traveling, the generated heat, and the excessive electric power can be stored in the moving body 20 and can be effectively used for cogeneration in the fixed facility 40 later. Moreover, since the electric power stored in the storage battery 23 of the mobile unit 20 can be used together with the commercial electric power in the fixed facility 40,
The storage battery 23 can be used as a load fluctuation absorbing power source that gives a peak cut effect or an emergency power source during a power failure.
In addition, the amount of hot water in the fixed hot water storage tank 42 of the fixed facility 40
Since it can be supplemented with the hot water storage tank 25 of 0, the fixed hot water storage tank 42 can be downsized.

Further, since the vehicle 10, the moving body 20, and the fixed facility 40 can be connected / disconnected freely, the user can select the optimum operation mode according to the desired traveling pattern. Further, in the case where the mobile body 20 and the fixed facility 40 are connected to each other, when the storage battery 23 of the mobile body 20 is insufficient in electric power storage amount, the storage battery 23 is charged with the commercial power of the fixed facility 40 so that the vehicle 10 The consumption of hydrogen fuel can be suppressed. Further, it is also possible to warm the fuel cell 13 of the vehicle 10 before traveling or the storage battery 23 of the moving body 20 and to heat the inside of the vehicle by using the hot water of the hot water storage tank 25 or the fixed hot water storage tank 42. Furthermore, when clean hydrogen and oxygen are used as fuels, the water produced in the fuel cell 13 can be used for drinking.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a cogeneration vehicle system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a single traveling state of a vehicle 10.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a cogeneration vehicle system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... Vehicle 11 ... Hydrogen supply unit 12 ... Oxygen supply section 13 ... Fuel cell 14 ... Power control unit 15 ... Drive unit 20 ... Mobile 21 ... Water recovery section 22 ... Heat recovery section 23 ... Storage battery 24 ... Voltage converter 25 ... Hot water storage tank 26 ... Drainage section 27 ... Heating section 30,50 ... Joint part 40 ... Fixed facility 41 ... Indoor wiring 42 ... Fixed hot water storage tank 43 ... Equipment

Continued front page    (72) Inventor Jiro Suzuki             1006 Kadoma, Kadoma-shi, Osaka Matsushita Electric             Sangyo Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 5H027 AA06 BA13 DD03 DD06

Claims (20)

[Claims] 1. A cogeneration vehicle system using a fuel cell vehicle, comprising: a vehicle equipped with a fuel cell for generating power using hydrogen as a fuel; and a hydrogen supply section for storing the hydrogen, towing and energy consumption. The mobile unit is connected to the vehicle to enable transfer, and has a space and equipment used by humans, and the mobile unit recovers heat generated during power generation of the fuel cell from the vehicle, A heat storage unit that heats predetermined water with the collected heat and stores the heated hot water in a hot water storage tank, and excess power unnecessary for driving the vehicle out of the power generated from the fuel cell from the vehicle. A cogeneration vehicle, comprising: a power storage unit for collecting and accumulating in a storage battery, wherein energy generated in the fuel cell and not used for driving the vehicle is accumulated and used in the moving body. system. 2. The structure further includes a fixed facility that is connected to the mobile body so as to be able to transfer energy and has a space and equipment used by a person, and energy stored in the mobile body can be stored in the facility of the fixed facility. The cogeneration vehicle system according to claim 1, wherein the cogeneration vehicle system is used. 3. The hot water stored in the heat storage unit is supplied to hot water supply equipment of the mobile body, and the electric power stored in the power storage unit is supplied to electric equipment of the mobile body. The cogeneration vehicle system according to 1. 4. The hot water stored in the heat storage unit is supplied to hot water supply equipment of the fixed facility, and the electric power stored in the power storage unit is supplied to electric equipment of the fixed facility. The cogeneration vehicle system described in 2. 5. The cogeneration vehicle system according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage unit collects water generated during power generation of the fuel cell from the vehicle and uses the water as the predetermined water. . 6. The electric power stored in the storage battery of the moving body is supplied to the vehicle when the electric power generated by the fuel cell is less than the electric power required to drive the vehicle. The cogeneration vehicle system according to claim 1. 7. The electric power of the storage battery is supplied to the electric equipment of the fixed facility when the storage amount of the storage battery of the mobile body is equal to or more than a predetermined amount, and the power source of the fixed facility is used when the storage battery is less than the predetermined amount. The cogeneration vehicle system according to claim 4, wherein the storage battery is charged with electric power. 8. At the start of operation of the vehicle, at least one of the fuel cell of the vehicle and the storage battery of the vehicle is warmed by using the heat energy stored in the heat storage section of the vehicle. The cogeneration vehicle system according to claim 1. 9. At least one of the fuel cell of the vehicle or the storage battery of the moving body is warmed by using the heat stored in the hot water supply facility of the fixed facility at the start of operation of the vehicle. The cogeneration vehicle system according to claim 4. 10. At least one of the glass window of the vehicle, the air inside the vehicle, and the seat is warmed by using the heat stored in the heat storage section of the moving body when the vehicle starts to operate. Item 1. The cogeneration vehicle system according to Item 1. 11. At least one of the glass window of the vehicle, the air inside the vehicle, or the seat is warmed by using the heat stored in the hot water supply facility of the fixed facility at the start of operation of the vehicle. Item 5. The cogeneration vehicle system according to item 4. 12. The cogeneration vehicle system according to claim 4, wherein hydrogen fuel of the fuel cell is filled from the fixed facility via the moving body. 13. The vehicle has a filter for removing dust and harmful substances, and supplies oxygen extracted from air passing through the filter to the fuel cell.
The cogeneration vehicle system according to claim 5. 14. The moving body has a temperature of 50 ° C. or lower when the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank is used for drinking, and 0 ° C. or lower when the hot water is used for purposes other than drinking. The cogeneration vehicle system according to claim 1, wherein the hot water is discharged to the outside before the temperature drops to 0. 15. The moving body further comprises a heating unit for heating the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank by utilizing catalytic combustion of hydrogen fuel stored in the vehicle.
The cogeneration vehicle system according to claim 1. 16. The vehicle and the moving body can be separated from each other, and when the vehicle and the moving body are separated from each other, the vehicle can run independently by the electric power generated by the fuel cell. The cogeneration vehicle system according to claim 1, wherein: 17. The vehicle, the moving body, and the fixed facility can be separated from each other, and when the vehicle, the moving body, and the fixed facility are separated, the vehicle is powered by the fuel cell power generation. When the vehicle and the moving body are separated from the fixed facility, the vehicle and the moving body generate energy that is generated in the fuel cell and is not used for driving the vehicle. The cogeneration vehicle system according to claim 2, characterized in that it can be connected to and stored in the vehicle. 18. A mobile body having a space and equipment used by humans, which can be connected to a vehicle equipped with a fuel cell for generating electric power by using hydrogen as fuel so as to be capable of towing and transferring energy. In addition, it can be connected to a fixed facility that has a space and equipment used by people so that energy can be transferred, and a heat storage unit that stores hot water in a hot water storage tank to store heat, and electricity storage that stores electric power in a storage battery. And a part that is connected to the vehicle, the heat storage part recovers heat generated during power generation of the fuel cell from the vehicle, heats predetermined water with the recovered heat, and heats the heated hot water. The power storage unit stores the heat in a hot water storage tank, and the power storage unit recovers, from the vehicle, surplus power unnecessary for driving the vehicle out of the power generated during power generation of the fuel cell, stores it in the storage battery, and stores it in the heat storage unit. The warm water When supplying the electric power stored in the power storage unit to its own electric facility and connected to the fixed facility, the hot water stored in the heat storage unit is supplied to the hot water facility of the fixed facility. A mobile body, which supplies electric power stored in the power storage unit to electric equipment of the fixed facility. 19. The moving body according to claim 18, wherein the heat storage unit collects water generated during power generation of the fuel cell from the vehicle and uses the water as the predetermined water. 20. When the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank is used for drinking, it drops to 50 ° C. or lower, and when it is used for purposes other than drinking, before it drops to 0 ° C. or lower. The moving body according to claim 18, wherein the hot water is discharged to the outside.