JP2003127141A - Sorting treatment apparatus for waste plastics and sorting treatment method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently and certainly perform the continuous sorting treatment of papers and plastics from one or more kinds of waste plastics containing papers. SOLUTION: Water is supplied to preliminarily crushed waste plastics containing plastics and papers in a small amount necessary and sufficient to swell papers to crumple and loosen swollen papers along with plastics to disintegrate papers into fibers. The crumpled and loosened water-containing waste plastics are sprung up by a large number of spring-up blades (33b) rotated around a vertical axis at a high speed while a large amount of water is supplied to the waste plastics and centrifugally dehydrated through a mesh-like screen (38) in the periphery of the waste plastics. At this time, fibrous matter becomes a felt-like state to be accumulated on the outer peripheral surface of the mesh- like screen (38). Water is ejected to the fibrous matter accumulated on the outer peripheral surface of the mesh-like screen (38) to remove and recover the fibrous matter.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a separation processing apparatus and a processing method thereof, which is suitable for efficiently and continuously collecting and removing waste plastics including papers of general wastes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in addition to various plastics, general wastes include, for example, paper, fiber cloth, metals and the like, and it is impossible to continuously separate these. Therefore, in general, a fiber cloth is manually separated in advance, and metals are automatically separated into a magnetic body and a specific magnetic body using a magnet or the like. Wastes from which these fibrous cloths and metals have been removed are mainly plastics and papers with dust attached, and these plastics and papers are often attached and entangled with each other. However, a great deal of labor and time are required to further separate this.

Generally, plastic wastes have different uses for recycling depending on their materials. The main constituent resin materials of waste plastics are polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin (ABS), polyethylene terephthalate, and polyvinyl chloride. Polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene are recycled molding materials and auxiliary combustion materials. As an oil material, polystyrene resin is an oil material, rubber resin ABS, flame-retardant polyethylene terephthalate is difficult to oil, and polyvinyl chloride is a regenerated molding material because it causes dioxin to stick by burning. Is often separated as.

An example of a method of sorting the waste plastics containing a plurality of plastic materials according to the purpose of reuse has been proposed, for example, in JP-A-11-58382. According to this treatment method, a plurality of kinds of waste plastics that have been crushed in advance are immersed in the wetting agent solution in the wetting treatment tank, and then introduced into the stirring separation tank to stir in the liquid to form waste plastics. Separates the adhering air bubbles and causes an almost vertical upward flow,
Separated into high specific gravity plastics and low specific gravity plastics,
Then, the sorted low specific gravity plastics are introduced into a floating sorting tank, subjected to a floating sorting process, and the difference in water repellency is used to sort the low specific gravity plastics.

According to such a separation method, a mixture of a plurality of kinds of waste plastics can be continuously separated with high accuracy and efficiently, and a separate cleaning is not required unlike the conventional separation method of separating by utilizing the absorbance. Yes, waste plastics such as juices that are slightly contaminated can be separated as they are, so continuous processing is possible, reducing the overall system cost and processing It can save time.

Further, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-212824
According to the gazette, in order to recover plastic that is not mixed with kitchen waste and inorganic salts from general waste plastic, the kitchen waste in the plastic waste is selectively crushed by spraying washing water onto the plastic waste and finely pulverized. The crushed kitchen waste, washing water, etc. are discharged under the sieve, and the plastic remaining on the sieve is collected. After removing water from the plastic thus washed, it is divided into plastic that has passed under the sieve and plastic on the sieve with a sieve classifier, and the plastic under the sieve is taken out, and the removed plastic is crushed in water to remove air bubbles attached to it. After the removal, the plastics adhering to each other are loosened, and the material selection is performed by utilizing the difference in specific gravity.

Further, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-212474
In the publication, waste plastic and water are mixed in order to clean and recycle contaminated water used for separating and removing chlorine-containing plastic from waste plastic in a simple manner and at low cost. In a water treatment method of a wet specific gravity separator for separating chlorine-containing plastics from waste plastics, contaminated water is first treated by anaerobic organisms and then by aerobic organisms to clean the contaminated water. Thus, contaminated circulating water can be purified by using anaerobic biological treatment and aerobic biological treatment (long-term aeration method) together with the water of the specific gravity liquid used for wet specific gravity separation. . After removing the pollutants, a clearer treated water can be obtained by subjecting the treated water to a solid-liquid separation treatment with a sand filter, etc., and the purified water can be reused as a specific gravity liquid. It can be done.

[0008]

By the way, when papers are adhered and mixed or other foreign substances are mixed in plastics used as recycled molding materials and auxiliary combustion materials, they should be used as recycled molding materials. Since it is difficult to obtain the required physical properties for molded products and the combustion efficiency decreases when it is used as an auxiliary material, it is desirable to completely remove paper and foreign matter at the end of sorting, and at the same time remove dust and sludge. Must be completely removed.

However, all of the general waste plastics described in the above publications are intended for plastic wastes to which sludge adheres, and no attention is paid to the treatment of papers adhered to these plastics. In particular, according to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-212824, the invention was developed mainly for the purpose of removing garbage and inorganic salts as foreign substances adhering to plastic, and simply spraying cleaning water on plastic dust to the tip of the rotary pin. Even by rotating the stuck scraper, even the paper that is attached to the plastic and entangled cannot be crushed and discharged under the sieve.When sorting using the difference in specific gravity of multiple types of plastic in the final plastic sorting process Also paper remains attached to the plastic.

The present invention removes most of the papers that are most mixed with such general waste plastics, facilitating the subsequent sorting of the plastics, cleaning the plastics in the processing step, and effectively using the cleaning water. The main object of the present invention is to provide a separation treatment device and a treatment method of the same that can be effectively used to remove general waste, especially paper mixed with waste plastic.

[0011]

Means for Solving the Problems and Actions and Effects The above-mentioned object is a waste plastic separating apparatus for mixing plastics and various kinds of paper, which is the main constituent of the present invention described in claim 1. , Kneading and washing means for kneading paper in waste plastic that has been crushed in advance with water, first water supply section for supplying water to the kneading and washing means, and kneading and washing means connected to the kneading and washing means Centrifugal dehydration means for centrifuging and dehydrating the waste plastic that has been rubbed and washed by the cleaning means,
This is effectively achieved by a waste plastic fractionation treatment device characterized by comprising a second water supply section for supplying water to the centrifugal dehydration means.

According to the present invention as well, wastes composed of fiber products such as fiber woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, and non-woven fabrics mixed in general wastes are selected and removed manually, and metals are non-magnetic materials utilizing electromagnets or eddy currents. It is separated and recovered into metal and magnetic metal. The remaining garbage mainly contains plastic, and many papers and other foreign substances such as garbage and earth and sand are mixed. Of these residual dust, kitchen waste and earth and sand can be removed relatively easily by washing water or mechanical impact.

However, as described above, the papers in the plastics exist independently in the form of paper pieces, and it is difficult to easily separate and collect them by a simple operation, and most of them are sorted by the final material. The process is often left behind, and it is not possible to completely separate it under the present circumstances. Focusing on this point, the present invention repeated various experiments for efficiently and mostly removing the papers mixed in the waste plastic, and as a result, happened to efficiently and easily make the plastics and the papers efficient. I knew it could be separated.

That is, when the papers in the waste plastic which have been crushed in advance by the cleaning and washing means are kneaded by kneading with water, the papers in the waste plastics are disintegrated into a fibrous state and then centrifugally dehydrated while adding water. , Paper fibrous material is separated from plastic with water that is centrifugally dehydrated.

The invention according to claim 2 further concretely defines such a waste plastic separation processing apparatus, and is a general waste separation processing apparatus in which plastic and various papers are mixed. Rubbing and washing means for rubbing and breaking the papers in the crushed mixed waste with water to decompose them into fibers, and an amount necessary for swelling the papers in the mixed waste to the rubbing and washing means. It has a first water supply section for supplying water and the same kneading washing means, has a large number of flip-up blades that rotate at high speed around a vertical axis, and has a mesh screen in the periphery thereof for centrifugal dewatering. An apparatus for separating and treating general waste, comprising: a centrifugal dehydration means; and a second water supply section for supplying a necessary amount of water to the centrifugal dehydration means.

When the plastic and the paper are rubbed and washed under a small amount of water, the paper swells while adhering to the plastic and is rubbed into fibers. At this time, even if the amount of applied water is increased and washed, the papers swell and disperse in the water, but are not loosened until they are in a fibrous state and merely float in the water. Then, while imparting a large amount of water to the plastic containing the papers that have been crushed to the fiber state as described above, it is transferred to a centrifugal dehydrator having a mesh screen in the periphery, and the centrifugal dehydrator causes not only moisture but also water. That sediment and kitchen waste are also discharged from the dehydrator.

At this time, the papers decomposed to the fiber state also try to be discharged to the outside through the mesh screen at the same time, but at this time, they are caught by the mesh screen and gradually accumulated on the surface of the screen to form a felt shape. Layer and remains on the screen. Since this layer can be easily removed from the screen surface by jetting water, it can be easily recovered by jetting water every predetermined time. The plastic remaining inside the centrifugal dehydrator has almost no paper adhered thereto, and at the same time, a considerable amount of earth and sand is also removed, so that it is possible to recover a nearly pure plastic.

The invention according to claim 3 defines a typical constitutional example of the above-mentioned kneading and washing means, and the kneading and washing means is provided with a rotating body extending in the waste conveyance direction, and the same rotation. The screw conveying areas and the hitting areas are alternately arranged in the longitudinal direction of the body. According to a preferred embodiment, a rotary shaft is arranged at the center line of a cylindrical housing having an input port into which pre-crushed mixed waste is charged, and the mixed waste is conveyed in one direction to this rotary shaft. The screw transport area in which the screw is fixed and the impact zone where the mixed waste discharged from the screw transport area is struck by the pin member arranged on the downstream side of the screw transport area and fixed to the rotating shaft are alternated. It is located in. Preferably, the center line of the cylindrical housing is tilted upward with respect to the horizontal at a required tilt angle, a small amount of water is supplied from the upper end on the carry-out side, and excess water is added to the mixed waste input port. When the water is discharged to the outside from the lower end portion on the side, even if excess water is added to the inside of the housing by the first water supply means, it is discharged to the outside, and the minimum necessary water is secured.

The invention according to claim 4 is the first and second aspects.
Stipulates a suitable amount of water to be supplied from the water supply unit of the above, and the first amount of water to be supplied is approximately 1.5 to 5.
It is 0 weight times, and the second water supply amount is approximately 25.0 to 45.0 weight times the input amount of the treatment waste. If the amount of the first water supplied is less than or equal to about 1.5 of the amount of the treated waste input, the paper will not be sufficiently swelled even by rubbing, and the rubbing and loosening will be sufficient, exceeding 5.0 times by weight. Then, the papers will float in the water and will not be decomposed into fibers.
Further, the second water supply amount is about 25.
If it is less than 0 times by weight, the loosely kneaded paper and the like will become lumps together with the plastic, and the separation between the paper and the plastic will be insufficient, and if it exceeds 45.0 times by weight, the original dehydration hardening will be hindered. It

According to a fifth aspect of the invention, the second water supply means is provided between the kneading washing means and the centrifugal dehydration means. As mentioned above, when washing with the kneading washing means, the amount of water supplied is small and the waste plastic is in the form of lumps. Difficult to separate from plastic. Therefore,
In the present invention, water is supplied from the second water supply unit so as to maintain approximately 25 to 45 times the weight of the amount of waste plastic input before the aggregated processing waste is input to the centrifugal dehydration unit. Give.

At this time, in order to surely separate the fibrous material from the plastic in water, it is preferable to positively stir the slurry-like mixed water. Therefore, it is advantageous to install a stirrer in this second water supply section. The slurry-like mixed water in which the plastic and the fibrous material are separated is subsequently transferred to the centrifugal dehydration means, and the centrifugal dehydration means operates as described above, and the fibrous material in the mixed water is screened by the centrifugal dehydration means. It adheres to the surface and forms a felt-like layer.
The layer thus formed can be easily separated from the screen surface by jetting water. Therefore, the fibrous material on the screen surface is washed away by spraying water on the screen surface every time a predetermined processing time elapses.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, a flotation / sedimentation selection means, which is means for continuously selecting plastics from which dehydration and papers have been removed by the centrifugal dehydrator by type, is connected to the centrifugal dehydrator. It is characterized by that. The plastic from which the papers have been removed at the same time as the dehydration by the centrifugal dehydrator is sent to the subsequent flotation / sedimentation means, and the flotation / sedimentation means separates the plastics by specific gravity. As mentioned above, the plastics to be recovered have limited uses that can be reused. Therefore, the selection and recovery here should be roughly divided into the ranges that are roughly divided into those uses, and are strictly the same. It is not necessary to sort by material.

The invention according to claim 7 is intended to effectively utilize the water used for the above-mentioned washing and separation.
A filtering means for filtering sludge water containing paper fibrous substances discharged from the rubbing washing means and the centrifugal dehydration means, and at least part of the water filtered by the filtering means is returned to the rubbing washing means. And a reflux means. At the same time as the discharge of the muddy water, the amount of fresh water that does not pass through the filtering means and is discharged to the outside is replenished to the kneading washing means and the centrifugal dehydration means.

The above is an invention relating to a separation processing apparatus suitable for removing papers from waste plastics, and the papers in the waste plastics are efficiently and continuously separated using such a separation processing apparatus. As a matter of course, it is possible to carry out the present invention, and as long as the paper removing mechanism is used, the present invention can efficiently perform the separation processing even if an apparatus other than the above-mentioned apparatus is used.

The invention according to claim 8 cites a basic removing mechanism of the method for separating and treating the above-mentioned paper mixed in the waste plastic, by supplying water to the waste plastic containing the plastic and the paper. A method for separating and treating general waste, comprising scrubbing and centrifugally dehydrating while supplying water to the waste containing the scrubbed water.

The invention according to claim 9 is the same as claim 8
The invention relates to a separation treatment method which further embodies the invention, wherein waste containing pre-crushed plastic and paper is supplied with an amount of water necessary for swelling the paper and washed by rubbing, Rubbing swollen papers together with plastic to decompose the papers into fibers, and supplying a required amount of water to the wastes, including kneaded water, while rotating it around the vertical axis at high speed. Continuously dewatering with a splashing blade through the mesh screen around the waste while splashing the waste with a lifting blade, and at the same time accumulating the fibers on the outer peripheral surface of the mesh screen, and the mesh screen. It is characterized by including collecting and removing the fibers accumulated on the outer peripheral surface of the.

Further, the invention according to claim 10 includes a small amount of water supply necessary and sufficient for swelling the papers by the above-mentioned kneading and the amount of the kneaded water with respect to the weight of the mixed waste to be charged. It regulates the large amount of water supplied to waste. As described above, the amount of water supplied at the time of rubbing and washing is approximately 1.5 to 5 with respect to the weight of the mixed waste to be input.
The amount of water supplied to the waste containing the water that has been set to be 0 weight times is approximately 25.0 of the input amount of the treatment waste.
It is preferable to set in the range of up to 45.0 weight times.

The plastic from which papers have been substantially removed and which has been washed to remove water is placed in water and floated and settled by utilizing the difference in specific gravity from water as in the invention according to claim 11. Sort by. At this time, classification is performed by using a flame-retardant polyethylene terephthalate resin which has a large specific gravity and is not suitable for combustion treatment or oiling, polyvinyl chloride which cannot be burned, or a rubber resin which is unsuitable for oiling.
It suffices to be able to select BS and polyolefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene resins that are suitable for combustion or liquefaction and that also serve as recycled molding materials and have a specific gravity smaller than that of water. Of course, it is also possible to sort by type using a conventionally known sorter according to specific gravity.

[0029]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a process for separating paper and other waste plastics containing soil and kitchen waste according to a representative embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 10 is a kneading washing machine which is a kneading washing means according to the present invention, and reference numeral 20 is a third water supply for supplying a large amount of water to the waste plastic sent from the kneading washing machine 10. Reference numeral 30 is a rotary dehydrator with a flip-up blade, which is a centrifugal dehydration means according to the present invention, which is connected to the third water supply section 20, and reference numeral 40 is connected to the rotary dehydrator 30 with a flip-up blade. The plastic sorter which is the floating sedimentation sorting means of the present invention installed is shown.

2 and 3 show the external appearance and internal structure of the kneading washing machine 10, FIG. 2 is a side view of the kneading washing machine 10, and FIG. 3 is a line III-III of FIG. FIG. In the kneading washing machine 10, as shown in these figures, a main body 11 is made of a hollow cylindrical body whose both longitudinal openings are closed by discs 11a and 11b, and is finely crushed on the upper surface of one end thereof. It has a waste input port 12 for inputting waste plastic. Body 11
Two rotating shafts 13 are provided in the inside of the disk 11a, 11b.
A bearing 15 fixed to a support plate 14 extending from both ends of the main body 11.
It is rotatably supported by.

Gears 16 having the same structure are fixed to one ends of two rotary shafts 13 arranged in parallel, and mesh with each other. Further, the chain wheel 17 is attached to one end of the one rotating shaft 13.
Are fixed and connected to the drive motor 18 via a chain 19, and the two rotation shafts are driven and rotated in opposite directions via the respective gears 16 by the drive of the drive motor 18. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 11c indicates a drainage port.

The two rotary shafts 13 have the same structure, and as shown in FIG.
The transporting area A in which is arranged and the striking area B in which a plurality of strip-shaped striking pieces 13b radially arranged with the phase shifted from the rotating shaft 13 are arranged are alternately provided. Two rotating shafts 1
The screws 13a and the hitting pieces 13b that are provided facing each other are arranged such that the phases of the two rotary shafts 13 are shifted so that they do not interfere with each other when the rotary shafts 13 simultaneously rotate. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, a water supply port 11d, which is a first water supply unit for supplying water to the inside of the main body 11, is provided substantially at the center of the kneading washing machine 10.

Rubbing and washing machine 10 having the above construction
Is installed at a desired angle with respect to the horizontal plane with the drive end side of the rotary shaft 13 being lifted.
Now, in order to knead and wash finely crushed waste plastic containing papers by the main washing and washing machine 10, the drive motor 18 drives and rotates the two rotary shafts 13 in opposite directions via the gear 16. At this time, rubbing and washing machine 1
The waste plastic weighed to a preset weight is input to the 0 through the waste input port 12. At the same time, a small amount of water necessary and sufficient for the papers in the waste plastic to swell is supplied from the water supply port 11d.

According to the present embodiment, the supplied weight of water is 3.5 t for every 1000 kg of waste plastic input.
As a result, the amount of water supplied from the water supply pump is controlled by a controller (not shown) so that this ratio is always maintained. It is necessary to naturally change the amount of this water supplied depending on the amount of papers mixed in the waste, and the range of the change is 1.5 to 5.0 times the amount of waste plastic input. preferable. If the water supply rate is less than 1.5 times by weight, it will be difficult to swell the paper reliably, and if the water supply rate exceeds 5.0 times by weight, the swollen paper will float in the water and be washed by rubbing. Cannot be expected, and papers cannot be decomposed into fibers.

The crushed material of waste plastic, to which an appropriate amount of water has been supplied as described above, is rotated by the two rotary shafts 13,
The screw 13a conveys the sheet in the conveying area A so as to be focused upward. After passing through the conveyance area A, the wet waste plastic is struck by a plurality of hit pieces 1 in the hit area B.
3b strikes from multiple directions to crush the pieces of paper and the plastic pieces together. While the conveyance and the beating in the conveyance area A and the beating area B are alternately repeated,
Papers swell and become soft, and are loosened and decomposed into fibers.

However, the waste plastic that has been subjected to the rubbing and washing treatment inside the rubbing and washing machine 10 is in the form of lumps, and it is impossible to separate and collect the plastic pieces and the fibrous material in this form. Therefore, according to the present invention,
The second water supply unit 20 having a weight ratio of 23 to 35 times the processing weight of the waste plastic between the rubbing and washing machine 10 and the continuous centrifugal dehydration means 30.
have. Since the second water supply unit 20 is a step of loosening the lumped waste plastic and separating the fibrous material contained therein from the plastic, sufficient water necessary for the separation is required. It is desirable to supply water in the above weight ratio.

The second water supply unit 20 may directly supply the required water to the transfer unit between the second washing unit 20 and the centrifugal dehydrator connected to the kneading washing machine 10 via a pipe or the like. For example, it is possible to arrange a water tank in the middle of the carrying section so as to supply the required water to the water tank. In this case, it is preferable to install stirring means by rotating blades in the water tank. In this way, when the stirring means is installed, the plastic and the fibrous material in which the paper is decomposed into pulp are reliably separated and dispersed in the water in the second water supply unit 20, so that the next centrifugation is performed. It becomes possible to efficiently collect papers in the dehydrator.

In the present embodiment, the rotary dehydrator 30 with a splashing blade having a screen is used as the centrifugal dehydrator.
The continuous dehydration process is performed. The dehydration treatment by the rotary dehydrator 30 with the flip-up blades has not only the dehydration function but also the plastic piece / fibrous material separating function for effectively separating the plastic piece and the fibrous material. Yes, together with the massage washing function,
This is an important means for the present invention. The centrifugal dehydrator according to the present invention has a function of efficiently separating a fibrous material, which is made into a pulp form by decomposing paper, from a plastic piece in addition to the dehydrating function, and this separating function is performed by the present invention. It was recognized for the first time in the course of various experiments conducted by other people, and was entirely due to chance. Therefore, the centrifugal dewatering operation according to the present invention that follows the above-mentioned rubbing washing operation constitutes a part of the main feature of the present invention.

FIGS. 4 to 7 show typical structural examples of the rotary dehydrator 30 with the flip-up blades applied to the present invention. 4 is a left side view of the rotary dehydrator 30 with the flip-up blades, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line VV in FIG. 4, and FIG.
FIG. 7 is a front view of a rotor assembly of the rotary dehydrator with the flip-up blades, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged explanatory view showing a structural example of a scraper of the rotor assembly.

The rotary dehydrator 30 with flip-up blades according to the present embodiment includes a case body 31 having a hollow rectangular tube shape which is hermetically sealed at the top and bottom by a top plate 31a and a bottom plate 31b.
A rotor assembly 32 that is housed inside the case body 31 and rotates about a vertical axis, a cylindrical mesh screen 38 that closely encloses the rotating outer peripheral surface of the rotor assembly 32, and the rotor assembly 32. And a drive motor 34 for driving and rotating.

At the bottom of the case body 31 on the back side, there is a charging port 31c for charging waste plastic containing fibrous material toward the upper surface (bottom surface) of the bottom plate 31b. At the upper part of the left side surface of 31 is provided a plastic discharge port 31d for sending out the plastic which has been continuously dehydrated and splashed to the upper part to the next step. An opening / closing door 31e that can be opened and closed in an airtight manner is attached to a central portion of the front surface of the case body 31, and an air intake port 31f is provided above the opening / closing door 31e through a filter.
However, at the upper right side of the case body 31, the air outlet 3
1 g is formed. Further, a drain port 31h for discharging water that has passed through the screen 38 is provided at a part of the bottom of the case body 31.

As shown in FIG. 6, the rotor assembly 32 has a polygonal tube main body 33 in which long sides of elongated plate members 33a are sequentially connected and fixed. A large number of inclined blade pieces 33b are arranged in parallel on the surface of each elongated plate member 33a.
The upper and lower openings of the polygonal tube main body 33 having such a configuration are closed by closing plates (not shown), and the rotary shaft 35 is fixed to the center of each closing plate with its upper and lower shaft ends protruding outward. . A scraper 36, which is enlarged and shown in FIG. 7, is fixed to the upper blocking plate by penetrating the upper shaft end (on the left end side in FIG. 6). This scraper 36 is the same as the slender plate member 33.
A wedge-shaped scraping piece 36a is provided for each a, and the base end of each wedge-shaped scraping piece 36a is equidistantly spaced from the periphery of the scraping-piece mounting plate 36b made of a polygonal plate material at a predetermined angle in one direction. It is fixed. A pulley 35a is fixed to the upper end of the rotary shaft 35, and the pulley 35a is connected to the drive motor 34 via a transmission belt 35b.

Around the plurality of inclined blade pieces 33b,
A cylindrical screen 38 is fixed to the case body so as to surround the inclined blade piece 33b. A large number of minute holes are formed in the cylindrical screen 38, and in the present embodiment, the minute hole diameter is 1.8 mmφ.
This pore size can be changed as required. Further, in order to secure strength and rigidity, the cylindrical mesh screen 38 is manufactured by rolling a plurality of rectangular screens into a cylindrical screen unit, which is connected in series with bolts and nuts. Got the required length. By adopting such a configuration, not only the required strength and rigidity can be obtained as described above, but also the length can be adjusted according to the length of the case main body 31 of the rotary dehydrator 30. Become.

The rotary dehydrator 30 with flip-up blades having such a configuration is installed on the floor with its rotary shaft 35 being vertical. Now, in order to separate and collect the plastic piece and the fibrous material of the waste plastic by the rotary dehydrator 30, the plastic piece and the fibrous material are dispersed in the third water supply section as described above. The slurry-like mixed water is sent directly to the bottom from the inlet 31c provided at the bottom of the case body 31. At this time, at the same time, the second large amount of water is supplied to the inside of the case body 31. The amount of water supplied at this time varies depending on the amount of fibrous substances mixed in the plastic, but as described above, it is set to a range of 25 to 45 times the total weight of the waste plastic.

When the slurry-like mixed water is poured into the case main body 31, plastic pieces and fibrous substances dispersed in the water are provided on the peripheral surface of the rotor assembly 32 which rotates at high speed inside the case main body 31 together with the water. While being repelled upwards and around by the many inclined blade pieces 33b formed,
Water, plastic and fibrous material around the screen 38
Bump into. At this time, the water passes through the minute holes of the screen 38, collects in the space formed between the screen 38 and the case body 31, and is discharged from the drain port 31h formed at the bottom of the case body 31. . During this time, fresh air is introduced from the outside through the filter from the air intake port 31f, and the dirty air inside is discharged from the air discharge port 31g to replace the air.

On the other hand, the fibrous material blown off by the many inclined blade pieces 33b also tries to pass through the minute holes of the screen 38, but most of them cannot pass through the minute holes of the screen 38. Attempting to stop on the screen 38. At this time, the water, the plastic pieces, and the fibrous material that are subsequently splashed off are sequentially pushed out to the outside, but the entanglement and joining force between the fibrous materials are predominant and the surface of the mesh screen 38 gradually increases. To form a felt-like layer.

At this time, the repelled plastic pieces cannot pass through the minute holes and try to stop inside the screen 38, but the repelled plastic pieces are further repelled by the inclined blade pieces 33b rotating at high speed, and gradually rise upward. Move to
It is scraped off by the scraper 36 and finally discharged from the plastic discharge port 31d formed in the upper part to the outside. That is, water, fibrous material and plastic pieces are
Each of them is separated independently, and water, fibers and plastics are discharged to the outside of the machine through their respective discharge ports 31d and 31h.

Here, the felt-like fibrous material layer deposited on the surface of the screen 38 can be easily separated from the surface of the screen 38 by jetting water. Therefore, the fibrous material deposited on the surface of the screen 38 is periodically sprayed with water to be removed. According to this embodiment, the water for removing the fibrous material is sprayed once per hour, and the amount of water sprayed at that time is about 600 liters each. The fibrous material separated from the surface of the screen 38 by the jet of water is taken out of the machine together with the jet water through the drainage port 31h formed at the bottom of the case body 31 and collected.

In the present invention, the plastic pieces discharged from the plastic discharge port 31d to the outside as described above are subsequently sent to the plastic flotation / sedimentation / sorting machine 40 which is a flotation / sedimentation sorting means, and their specific gravity is increased. By utilizing the difference, at least a material that is hard to oil and a material that easily oil is separated and collected. FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the floating sedimentation selection means. As shown in FIG. 7, the plastic sorter 40 according to the present embodiment includes a water tank 41, a plurality of water wheels 42 arranged in parallel on the upper portion of the water tank 41, and each water wheel 42.
A plurality of drive motors 43 for rotating the water at a low speed, and a water supply nozzle 44 installed above one longitudinal end of the water tank 41.
And a drain gutter 45 provided at the other end on the upper surface in the longitudinal direction of the water tank 41.

The water tank 41 is composed of a rectangular box-shaped tank body 41a, and both ends in the longitudinal direction of the water tank 41 incline downward toward the tank bottom whose width dimension substantially matches the inner surface width of the tank body 41a. First and second inclined plates 41b, 41b are attached. First and second inclined plates 41b, 41
The lower ends of b are largely separated from each other, and the inclined plates 41b, 4b
The plastic pieces falling on the 1b are collected at the center of the bottom of the tank body 41a.

Further, the first screw conveyor 46 is provided along the bottom surface so as to fill the space between the lower end of the bottom of the tank body 41a in the longitudinal direction and the lower ends of the first and second inclined plates 41b, 41b. A second screw conveyor 47 is provided, one end of which is arranged close to the tip of the second screw conveyor 47 and the other end of which is tilted upward and projected outside the tank. In addition, vertical walls 41e are provided along both edges of the upper surface width direction of the tank body 41a. Usually aquarium 41
The water inside is filled so that the water surface reaches the position where it coincides with the upper surface of the tank main body 41a, and the water supplied from the water supply nozzle 44 is rotated in one direction by the water wheel 42 to rotate in one direction. Gently flows toward the discharge gutter 45.

The discharge gutter 45 includes a first gutter 45a and a second gutter 4
5b, and the end surface of the first gutter 45a on the tank side is a water tank 41.
The downstream side end of the water tank 41 is formed in an arc shape having the same radius of curvature as the peripheral surface of the water turbine 42, and its outflow side end is orthogonal to the same. Then, the second gutter 45b is connected. Further, the vertical wall 41e
Is extended so as to close both widthwise end faces of the first gutter 45a.

A turbine support frame 48 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the water tank 41. The support frame 48 has a shaft support portion 48a of the water turbine 42 and a drive motor installation portion 48b. According to the illustrated example, the four water wheels 42 are arranged at the same intervals from the water supply end side end of the water tank 41 along the water flow direction, and the most downstream water wheel 42 is It is rotatably supported by the shaft support portion 48a along the circular arc surface of the one gutter 45a. Further, in the present embodiment, the number of drive motors 43 is three, and the drive motor 43 in the center is convenient.
The two water wheels 42 arranged in the central concave portion are simultaneously driven via a chain.

Although not shown in the drawings, the plastic pieces sent from the rotary dehydrator 30 with the flip-up blades are put into the water tank 41. At this time, each of the water wheels 42 is slowly rotating in the same direction, and the water supplied from the water supply nozzle 44 by the rotation of the water wheels 42 moves in the water surface region in the first gutter 4.
Flows gently toward 5a. On the other hand, the plastic pieces thrown on the water surface try to flow on the water surface toward the first gutter 45a by riding on a gentle water flow, but polyethylene terephthalate or polychlorinated salt, which has a larger specific gravity than water and is difficult to be oiled. The vinyl settles in the water in the flow and falls on the front and rear inclined plates 41b and 41b.
The water is flown on the top and further collected to the central bottom of the tank main body 41a.

Here, a part of the plastic pieces gathering at the center bottom is captured by the first screw conveyor 46 arranged along the bottom surface, and the second screw conveyor 4 at the front side.
7, a part of the plastic pieces collected at the central bottom is directly captured by the second screw conveyor 47 and sent by the first screw conveyor 46, and is discharged to the outside of the tank together with other plastic pieces. Be recovered.

On the other hand, polyethylene which has a specific gravity smaller than or close to that of water moving on a water stream while floating on the water surface,
Plastic pieces that can be oiled, such as polypropylene,
In the middle of the process, each water turbine 42 positively moves the water surface to the first gutter 4
The plastic pieces sent to 5a and moved to the first gutter 45a are collected and collected in an external collection unit (not shown) via the second gutter 45b. Generally, all of the treatment steps may be completed at this stage, but according to the present embodiment, the plastic piece sent out through the second gutter 45b is further added to the above-mentioned rotary dehydrator with flip-up blades. The water is discharged together with the water discharged to the second rotary dehydrator with a flip-up blade 50 having the same configuration as that of 30, and the continuous dehydration is performed again.

In the second centrifugal dehydration, extremely fine fibrous substances adhere to or remain in the water in the water surface region and the polyolefin lightweight plastic pieces collected by floating on the water surface of the water tank 41 as described above. Therefore, the purpose is to separate and remove these fibrous substances again. The separation / removal mechanism is the same as the first centrifugal dehydration mechanism, and the fibrous material deposited on the screen surface (not shown) is periodically removed by jetting water.

Further, in the present invention, the water used in the above-mentioned kneading washing step, the first centrifugal dehydration step, and the floating and sedimentation sorting step of the plastic pieces (including the second centrifugal dehydration step). We are trying to use it effectively. Generally, the water discharged in the first centrifugal dehydration step is extremely dirty as compared with the water discharged in the flotation / sedimentation step. However, in the rubbing washing process, the condition that the supplied water is dirty is not as severe as the condition of the water supplied. Further, in the first centrifugal dehydration step, since the second large amount of water is supplied, the water discharged in the dehydration step is diluted and is more dirty than the water discharged in the kneading washing step. Less is.

In view of such a situation, the present invention is equipped with a filtration circulation facility for filtering the water discharged in each step and efficiently circulating the filtered water in each step. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the filtration circulation equipment is separated into first and second filtration circulation equipments 60 and 65. The first filtration circulation facility 60 is the kneading washing machine 1
The water is filtered and circulated between 0, the second water supply unit 20 and the rotary dehydrator 30 with the flip-up blades. In the second filtration / circulation equipment 65, water is filtered and circulated between the plastic sorter 40, which is the floating and settling means, and the second blade-lifting rotary dehydrator 50. Furthermore, in this embodiment,
Between the first and second filtration and circulation equipment 60, 65,
A part of the filtered water of the second filtration / circulation equipment 65 is sent to the first filtration / circulation equipment 60.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 9 show an example of the circulation process. In the first filtration circulation equipment 60, the water with large dirt discharged from the first rotary dehydrator 30 is filtered by the first filtration group. It is filtered by 61 and sent to the water tank 61.
The filtered water stored in the first water tank 61 is supplied to the kneading washing machine 10 by 3.5 m ³ per hour via a pump (not shown), and at the same time, to the second water supply unit 20.
30 m ^{3 is} supplied per hour, and 33.2 m ³ of sewage per hour is sent to the filter group 61 from the rotary dehydrator 30 with splashing blades. On the other hand, 1.6 m ³ of sewage per hour is discharged to the outside from the first filtration and circulation equipment 60, and at the same time, the same amount of filtered water filtered by the second filtration and circulation equipment 65 is used for the first filtration. It is sent to the equipment 65.

On the other hand, in the second filtration circulation equipment 65, the above
The drainage from the second rotary dehydrator 50 with flip-up blades is sent.
It was loaded and filtered by the second filter group 66 of the same equipment 65
The water is then sent to the second water tank 67 for storage. this
The filtered water in the second water tank 67 is passed through a pump (not shown).
It is supplied to the plastic sorter 40. At this time
The supply of filtered water is 32.0m per hour³And before
Amount of waste water from the second rotary dehydrator 50 with flip-up blades
Is 32.0m per hour³Is the same amount as. Furthermore, this
Fresh water is externally supplied to the second filtration circulation equipment 65 for 1 hour.
1.6m per hit ³It is replenished and the same amount of filtered water
Are sent to the first filtration circulation facility 60.

The waste plastic separation processing apparatus according to the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration can be used alone, but is preferably incorporated into a general waste processing facility so that the general waste can be treated. All processes should be performed continuously. FIG. 10 shows an example of a total treatment facility for typical container-wrapped plastic waste of general waste to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 11 shows a total treatment flow of the same plastic waste. The whole processing steps will be outlined.

Now, the plastic waste in containers and packaging carried into the bale carry-in stage (hereinafter referred to as the bale).
Are aligned and accumulated on the bale alignment table. The bale is sequentially fed from the bale aligning table to the coarse crushing / combining baler 1 by the bale feeder, and is crushed by the coarse crushing / combining baler 1 to be released. This crushed waste is cut into a fixed quantity by a constant quantity feeder (hopper) 2 with a cutting function via a conveyor and placed on a conveyor, and to a wind screen sorter 3 with a vibrating screen having a sieve mesh of a predetermined size. Is sent.

In the wind screen sorter 3 with a vibrating screen, heavy objects that do not pass through the screen and are not blown by the wind force are removed by manual work, loaded into a large container for disposal, and disposed of at a disposal site or the like. . In addition, the magnetic metals in the waste of a predetermined size or less that has passed through the sieve are adsorbed and removed by the magnetic separator, and the remaining non-magnetic materials such as cloth pieces are removed by manual selection and discarded together with the above heavy items. It The waste from which the heavy objects and the cloth pieces are removed in this way is mainly composed of a large amount of a mixture of plastic and paper (hereinafter referred to as waste plastic). These waste plastics are crushed into fragments of 20 mm or less by the uniaxial crusher 4, passed through the above-mentioned kneading and washing machine 10, the rotary dewatering machine with splashing blades 30 and the plastic sorter 40, as described above. As described above, it is separated and collected into plastic and fibrous substances. The plastics and fibrous materials thus separated and collected are finally processed and recycled.

As can be understood from the above description, according to the present invention, it becomes possible to efficiently and surely separate the plastic and the paper, which have been difficult in the past, and to effectively reuse the plastic. Become so.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a step of separating waste plastic according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall external view showing an example of a kneading washing cleaning apparatus applied to the kneading washing cleaning which is the first step of the sorting step.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an overall front view showing an example of a continuous dehydrator with flip-up blades applied to centrifugal dehydration that is the second step of the sorting step.

5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing a structural example of a rotor assembly which is a constituent member of the continuous dewatering device with the splashing blade.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a structural example of a scraper of the rotor assembly.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an internal structure of a waste plastic sorter which is a floating / settling means in the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a system diagram of a drainage filtration circulation system applied to the separation step.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing an overall configuration of a general waste sorting facility to which the waste plastic sorting apparatus of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing a flow of the same separation treatment facility.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Coarse crushing and open baler 2 Feeder (hopper) with fixed amount cutting function 3 Windscreen sorter with vibration sieve 4 Magnetic separator 5 Uniaxial crusher 10 Rubbing washing machine 11 Main body 11a, 11b Disc 11c Drain 11d Water supply Port 12 Waste input port 13 Rotating shaft 13a Screw 13b Striking piece 14 Support plate 15 Bearing 16 Gear 17 Chain wheel 18 Drive motor 19 Chain 20 Second water supply unit 30 Rotating dehydrator with splashing blade 31 Case body 31a Top plate 31b Bottom plate 31c Waste plastic input port 31d Plastic discharge port 31e Opening / closing door 31f Air intake port 31g Air discharge port 31h Drain port 32 Rotor assembly 33 Polygonal cylinder body 33a Elongated plate material 33b Inclined blade piece 34 Drive motor 35 Rotating shaft 35a Pulley 35b Transmission Belt 36 Scraper 36a Wedge-shaped scraping piece 36b Scraping piece mounting plate 38 Cylindrical screen 40 Floating sedimentation sorting means (plastic sorting machine) 41 Water tank 41a Tank body 41b Inclined plate 41e Vertical wall 42 Water wheel 43 Drive motor 44 Water supply nozzle 45 Discharge trough 45a, 45b 1st and 2nd Discharge gutters 46, 47 First and second screw conveyors 48 Turbine support frame 48a Shaft support 48b Drive motor installation 50 Second rotary dewaterer with flip-up blades 60 First filtration and circulation equipment 61 First Filter group 62 First water tank 65 Second filtration circulation facility 66 Second filter group 67 Second water tank

Front page continuation (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) B08B 1/04 B08B 1/04 3/04 3/04 B 3/14 3/14 B09B 5/00 B09B 5/00 Z Q F-term (reference) 3B116 AA48 AB13 BA00 BB01 CC03 CD22 3B201 AA48 AB13 BA00 BB01 BB92 CC13 CD22 4D004 AA07 AA12 CA10 CA13 CA40 CC03 DA02 DA10 DA11 4D071 AA62 AB13 AB23 AB62 BA05 BB12 CA03 CA05 DA15 4F301 AA11 AA21 AD05 AD06 BF09 BF27 BF29

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A device for separating waste plastics, in which plastics and various papers are mixed, comprising: a rubbing and washing means (10) for rubbing the papers in the waste plastics previously crushed together with water; and the rubbing washing. A first water supply unit (11d) for supplying water to the cleaning means (10) and the same kneading cleaning means (10) are connected to each other, and kneading cleaning means are connected.
Centrifugal dehydration means (30) for centrifuging and dehydrating the waste plastic rubbed and washed in (10), and a second water supply part (20) for supplying water to the centrifugal dehydration means,
An apparatus for separating and treating waste plastic, comprising: 2. An apparatus for separating and treating waste plastic, in which plastic and various papers are mixed, wherein the papers in the waste plastic that have been crushed in advance are swelled with water to be rubbed and broken to be decomposed into fibers. (10), a first water supply section (11d) for supplying the rubbing washing means (10) with an amount of water necessary for swelling the papers in the waste plastic, and the rubbing washing means (10). The centrifugal dewatering means (30) for centrifugal dewatering, which has a large number of repelling blades (33b) connected to (10) and rotates at high speed around a vertical axis, and has a mesh screen (38) around it. A waste plastic fractionation apparatus comprising: a second water supply section (20) for supplying a necessary amount of water to the centrifugal dehydration means. 3. The rubbing and washing means (10) is provided with a rotating body (13, 13a, 13b) extending in the waste conveying direction.
The separation processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the screw conveying areas (A) and the beating areas (B) are alternately arranged in the longitudinal direction of (13, 13a, 13b). 4. The amount of water supplied from the first water supply unit (11d) is approximately 1.5 to 5.0 times the amount of the treatment waste input, and the second water supply unit (11d) The separation treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the amount of water supplied from 20) is approximately 25.0 to 45.0 times the weight of the amount of treatment waste input. 5. The separation according to claim 1, wherein the second water supply unit (20) is provided between the kneading washing means (10) and the centrifugal dehydration means (30). Processing equipment. 6. The separation treatment apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a floating sedimentation selection means (40) connected to the centrifugal dehydrator (30). 7. A filtering means (61) for filtering sludge water containing paper fiber products discharged from the rubbing washing means (10) and the centrifugal dehydration means (30), and the filtering means (61). 7. The separation treatment apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a reflux means for returning at least a part of the filtered water to the rubbing washing means (10). 8. A method of supplying waste plastics including plastics and papers with water and kneading, and centrifugally dehydrating while supplying water to the wastes containing the kneaded water while further supplying water. A method for separating and treating general waste, which comprises: 9. A waste plastic containing plastic and paper is supplied with an amount of water necessary for swelling the paper, and the swollen paper is rubbed together with the plastic to decompose the paper into fibers. , A large number of repelling blades (3) that rotate at high speed around the vertical axis while supplying the necessary water to the loosened waste containing water (3
While repelling the waste by 3b), centrifugal dehydration is performed through the mesh screen around the waste, and at the same time, the fibers are accumulated on the outer peripheral surface of the mesh screen (38), and the mesh screen ( 38) Collecting and removing the fibers accumulated on the outer peripheral surface of 38). 10. The supply amount of a small amount of water necessary and sufficient for swelling papers is approximately 1.
5 to 5.0 times by weight, and the amount of the large amount of water supplied to the waste plastic containing the loosened water is approximately 25.0 to 45.0 of the input amount of the waste plastic.
The method according to claim 7, further comprising setting the weight times. 11. The method according to claim 7 or 8, further comprising the step of introducing plastics from which papers have been substantially removed and centrifugally dehydrated into water, and performing separation by floating and sedimentation by utilizing a difference in specific gravity from water. Separation method described.