JP2003110126A - Solar cell device and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To manufacture a solar battery cell including a photoelectric conversion means by a process as simple as possible by utilizing a coated conductive metal plate with the less number of components. SOLUTION: The solar battery cell 10 comprises a first electrode 12 made of the conductive metal plate, an insulating first coating film 14 laminated on the electrode 12, the photoelectric conversion means 43 having a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 21a, 21h, 30a, 37a, etc., laminated on the film 14 and connected in series with each other, a conductive part 22a for connecting the first electrode formed partly on the first coating film to the element 21a of the one end, a second electrode 45 connected to the element 30h of other end, and a light permeable second coating film 47 laminated on the conversion means.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solar cell device including photoelectric conversion means for converting light energy into electric energy and a method for manufacturing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, from the viewpoint of effective use of resources and prevention of environmental pollution, solar cells that convert light energy such as sunlight into electrical energy have been receiving attention. A solar cell is a semiconductor device that directly converts received sunlight into an electric current, and there are various types according to its application. For example, the light source is sunlight outdoors, and indoors is a fluorescent lamp or an incandescent lamp. Further, the drive symmetry driven by the solar cell is an electronic device such as a calculator, a clock, a radio, a television, a tape recorder and a charger.

By the way, a vehicle such as an automobile is often parked outdoors for a long time, and in the case of fine weather, the vehicle receives a sun ray during the parking time. In consideration of this, attempts have been made to utilize the light energy of sunlight even in automobiles.

For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-63349 discloses a power generation means for generating electric power by sunlight, a conversion means for converting the electric power, a means for detecting the temperature inside the vehicle, and a blowing means for discharging the air inside the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle. Disclosed is a vehicle interior temperature rise prevention device including: However, regarding the power generation means, only "the power generation means is a solar cell and electric power is generated by utilizing solar rays" is not disclosed in detail.

On the other hand, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-102570.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2004-242242 discloses a first transparent conductive film laminated on the inner surface of the glass of a rear window of an automobile, a photoelectric conversion element composed of an amorphous semiconductor laminated thereon, and a second transparent conductive film laminated thereon. An in-vehicle photoelectric conversion device (conventional example) including the following is disclosed. Photoelectric conversion element is plasma CVD
Laminated on glass by the method. It is intended to ventilate the inside of the vehicle and charge the battery by the electric power generated in the photoelectric conversion device.

[0006]

However, the above conventional example has the following problems.

First, there is a risk that the cost for forming and arranging the photoelectric conversion device on the rear end may increase. The work content is completely different between the step of forming the glass of the rear window and the step of forming the photoelectric conversion element on the glass.
Therefore, a separate production line must be prepared for each process.

Secondly, the wiring of the extraction electrode for extracting electric power from the first and second transparent conductive films is troublesome. The extraction electrode must be arranged in the peripheral portion of the rear window in a step different from the step of forming the photoelectric conversion element. Not only that, the extraction electrodes arranged in the periphery impair the appearance of the rear window.

Thirdly, the face, seat, etc. of the passenger sitting in the rear seat may appear in a color different from the original color. This is because the light component of a specific wavelength in the sun's rays is absorbed by the photoelectric conversion element made of an amorphous semiconductor.
In addition, the photoelectric conversion device arranged on the rear window may obstruct the driver's rear view and impair safety. This is because it is difficult to make the entire photoelectric conversion element transparent or close to it.

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention can be applied to a solar cell device including photoelectric conversion means by utilizing a machine or device (for example, a part of a vehicle) including a coated conductive metal plate. The purpose is to manufacture with as few steps as possible and with a smaller number of parts.

[0011]

The inventor of the present application utilizes a conductive metal plate or the like coated on a part of an automobile, for example, as one electrode, and uses a solar cell when forming a coating film on the metal plate. The present invention was completed with the idea of forming a film.

That is, the solar cell device according to the first invention of the present application is: a first electrode made of a conductive metal plate; an electrically insulating first coating film laminated on the first electrode; a first coating film. A photoelectric conversion means composed of a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements stacked on top of each other; connected to the first electrode and a photoelectric conversion element at one end of the photoelectric conversion means; and a conducting portion at the other end of the photoelectric conversion means. A second electrode connected to the photoelectric conversion element; and a light-transmissive second coating film laminated on the photoelectric conversion means.

In this solar cell device, when the metal plate is exposed to sunlight, the photoelectric conversion means arranged between the first coating film and the second coating film converts light energy or heat energy into electric energy. That is, electric power is generated.

From a different point of view, the solar cell device can be regarded as a coating film structure including a photoelectric conversion means. In that case, "the first insulating film is laminated on an electrically conductive metal plate to be the first electrode; and a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements are stacked on the first coated film and connected in series. A photoelectric conversion means; a conductive part connecting the metal plate and a photoelectric conversion element at one end of the photoelectric conversion means; a light-transmitting second coating film laminated on the photoelectric conversion means; A metal member connected to the photoelectric conversion element to form a second electrode;
Coating film structure consisting of. Can be expressed as

On the other hand, the manufacturing method according to the second invention of the present application is
The first masking member is placed on the metal plate, and the insulating first
A step of forming a coating film; a step of placing a plurality of second masking members on the first coating film at predetermined gaps; a step of removing the first masking member and the second masking member, a cutout portion and a plurality of cutout portions. A step of forming an element cutting portion; a photoelectric conversion element including a metal electrode, a heat generating layer and a transparent electrode is formed on each element cutting portion, and the metal electrode of one end of the photoelectric conversion element is electrically connected to the cutout portion. A step of forming a portion; a step of connecting a second electrode to the photoelectric conversion element at the other end; and a step of forming a visible light-transmissive second coating film on the upper surface of the photoelectric conversion means. To do.

In this manufacturing method, photoelectric conversion means is provided between the insulating first coating film formed on the steel plate and the light-transmitting second coating film formed on the outermost surface of the metal plate coating line. Deposition is easy and easy.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the invention are as follows. <Solar Cell Device> The solar cell device includes a first electrode, a first coating film, a photoelectric conversion means, a second electrode, a second coating film, and the like. (Photoelectric conversion means) The photoelectric conversion means (module) can be composed of a photoelectric conversion element (cell) which is a semiconductor element for converting light energy of sunlight into electric energy. However, the voltage generated by one cell is 1 V or less, but a voltage of 1.5 V to several tens of V is required for driving various devices such as automobiles. Therefore, a plurality (for example, 2 to 5
0 cells are connected in series to form a module, or a plurality of cells are connected in series (for example, 2 to 5).
A plurality (eg 1 to 30) of 0 cells
Units) can be connected in series to form a module.

The sizes and shapes of the plurality of units may be the same or different. For example, one unit may have a length of 1 to 100 cm and a width of 1 to 100 cm. The size of the module depends on the size of the first electrode, but may be 2 to 200 cm in length and 2 to 200 cm in width. There are cells that directly use light energy (solar cells) and cells that use the difference in temperature (heat) due to light energy (electrothermal elements).

Solar cells are classified into crystalline type and non-crystalline type (amorphous). The crystal system is suitable when the first electrode is flat. However, for example, since an automobile bonnet or the like is curved, an amorphous system that can exhibit the performance regardless of the crystal orientation is suitable. Amorphous solar cells include a-Si, a-SiC, a-SiGe and the like.

For example, amorphous silicon solar cells
Is a consisting of a p-layer, an i-layer and an n-layer on the transparent electrode in order.
-Si layer (power generation layer of pin structure) is formed and on it
A metal electrode such as an aluminum layer is formed. The present invention
Then, form a transparent electrode on the side of the light-transmitting second coating film, and
An insulating first coating film is formed on the metal electrode side. At that time,
1 Part of the metal electrode in the notch of the coating film (described later)
A conductive part is formed by filling the conductive part with the first electrode and the light.
It is possible to conduct electricity to the cell located at one end of the electrical conversion means.
Wear. In the cell, the n-layer, i-layer and
It may be laminated in the order of p layers. On the other hand, the thermoelectric element is composed of the semiconductor element and the thermoelectric element.
Metallic membrane and transparent with electrode layers for power supply arranged on both sides
(However, it does not have to be transparent) Thermoelectric material
Bismuth tellurium type, bismuth selenium type, Ann
There are timmon-tellurium type or antimony-selenium type. Ingredient
Physically, Bi₂Te₃, Bi₂Se₃, Sb ₂Te₃Or S
b₂Se₃Is. Bismuth as a P-type semiconductor element
There is tellurium antimony, and as an N-type semiconductor element
Bismuth tellurium type, bismuth tellurium type
is there.

The metal electric film can be made of, for example, Ag, Al, Au or the like, and the transparent electric film can be made of, for example, ITO, SnO ₂ or the like. The first electrode is connected to the metal electrode film and the second electrode is connected to the transparent electrode film.

The thermoelectric element is arranged such that the transparent electroconductive film is located on the side of the second coating film that transmits visible light and the metal electroconductive film is located on the side of the insulating first coating film. Then, the N-P coupling part (P
The temperature of the -N coupling portion) becomes lower than the temperature of the PN coupling portion (NP coupling portion), and electric power is generated due to this temperature difference. This electric power may be taken out from the first electrode and the second electrode. (First Electrode, Second Electrode) The first electrode can be made of a conductive metal plate, for example, a steel plate or an iron plate forming a roof, hood or trunk of an automobile. The shape of the first electrode may be flat,
It may be slightly curved.

The first electrode preferably has an area corresponding to the photoelectric conversion means (module). In other words, the photoelectric conversion means can be configured corresponding to the area of the first electrode. Then, the first electrode is connected to the metal electrode of the photoelectric conversion element (cell) at one end of the module.

On the other hand, the second electrode is made of, for example, a general electric wire or a flat electric wire, and is connected to the transparent electrode of the cell at the other end of the module. The first electrode and the second electrode are connected to a driving device which is necessary or desirable to be driven at the time of irradiation of the sun rays, and supplies electric power to them. The drive device is not particularly limited, and in the case of an automobile, there are an electric motor of a ventilation device that releases hot air inside the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle and an electric motor that drives a blower motor of an air conditioner. In addition to automobiles, there are heaters and the like.

In addition to this, the one and the other electrodes can also store the electric charge in a condenser or a charger. For example,
It is also possible to connect to a battery for starting the engine of the automobile and other chargers (hereinafter, referred to as “battery”) to store electric power therein. Since the solar cell does not have a power storage capability, it is necessary to store electric power when the driving device is not driven during power generation. For example, a battery or other charger may be charged with electric power and used to drive the electric motor of the power steering device while the vehicle is running. (First coating film, second coating film) The insulating first coating film laminated on the first electrode can be formed by, for example, electrodeposition coating or electrostatic coating. A notch is formed in the first coating film at a position corresponding to a cell at one end of the photoelectric conversion means.

On the other hand, the light-transmissive second coating film can be made of, for example, a clear or semi-clear general acrylic paint. <Manufacturing Method> In the manufacturing method of the solar cell device, the first masking member can be placed on the metal plate to form the first coating film, and then the first masking member can be removed. As a result, the cutout portion is formed.

Next, a plurality of second masking members can be placed on the first coating film with a gap kept therebetween, and then the second masking members can be removed. As a result, a plurality of element placement parts are formed. At this time, a frame-shaped bank portion may be formed.

Next, a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements (cells) are formed in the element placement section. At that time, it is also possible to use the depressions defined by the bank portion. At the time of film formation, a conductive portion integrated with the metal electrode is formed in the cutout portion. At that time, a bent portion extending from the transparent electrode may be formed along one side of the bank portion to electrically connect the transparent electrode and the metal electrode.

After that, the second electrode can be connected to the photoelectric conversion element at the other end, and finally, the visible light transmitting second coating film can be formed on the upper surface of the photoelectric conversion means.

[0030]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, the solar cell device is used as a power source for a vehicle interior ventilation device. <First Embodiment> This uses a solar cell as a photoelectric conversion means. (Solar Cell Device) As shown in FIG. 1, the in-vehicle ventilation device includes a conversion unit 60 and a blower fan 62. Conversion means 60
Is an inverter that is attached to the back surface of the bonnet 11 and converts the electric power generated in the solar cell device 10 described below into a voltage at which the blower fan 62 operates. Blower fan 62
Is provided in the instrument panel, and the conversion means 6
It rotates with electric power from 0 to circulate the air inside the vehicle.

The solar cell device 10 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2, 3 and 4. 2 is a view from the direction A in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. The solar cell device 10 includes a hood 11
Steel plate 12 (first electrode) that forms a film, and an insulating coating film 1
4, a module 43, a second electrode 45, and a visible light transmitting coating film 47.

The conductive steel plate 12 has a substantially trapezoidal shape, and is slightly curved so that the surface side is convex. An insulating coating film 14 is coated and formed on the steel plate 12. The coating film 14 is a steel plate 1 formed by electrodeposition coating of epoxy resin.
It is formed on the entire upper surface of No. 2, is electrically insulating, and has a film thickness of about 15
μm.

Three units 20, 3 are provided on the coating film 14.
Modules 43 consisting of 2 and 36 are stacked and arranged. The first unit 20 and the second unit 32 are steel plates 1
2 are arranged side by side in the rear part of the second unit 36.
Is located in the front part. Each of the units 20, 32 and 36 is composed of 16 solar cells, that is, photoelectric conversion elements (cells) 21a, 33a, 37a and the like. First and second
In the units 20 and 32, two cells 21a, 33a and the like are arranged side by side in the front-rear direction and eight cells in the left-right direction. In the third unit 36, four cells 37a and the like are juxtaposed in the front-rear direction and four cells in the left-right direction.

More specifically, the coating film 14 has first and second coating films.
Corresponding to the third unit 20, 32 and 36, the first notch hole 15 and the third notch hole 17 are formed at the left end portion in the left-right direction at the intermediate portion in the front-rear direction of the steel plate 12, and the first notch hole 15 is formed at the right end portion. Two notch holes 16 are formed. Pore size is about 10
mm.

Of these, the front cell group 21 and the rear cell group 3
The first unit 20 composed of 0 and 0 will be described. On the upper surface of the coating film 14, seven bank portions 18 extending in the front-rear direction of the steel plate 12 and parallel to each other are formed. Each bank portion 18 has the same structure, and has a width of about 1 mm and a height of about 15 μm.

For example, the first cell 21a at the left end (right end in FIG. 2) of the steel plate 12 in the front cell group 21 includes a metal electrode 22 and a pin-structured amorphous silicon power generation layer (hereinafter referred to as a pin structure) laminated on the metal electrode 22. "Power generation layer") 23
And a transparent electrode 28 laminated thereon. The metal electrode 22 is made of aluminum (Al) and has a film thickness of about 1
It is 0 μm. The protrusion 22 a formed on the lower surface penetrates the first cutout hole 15 of the coating film 14 and is electrically connected to the steel plate 12.

The power generation layer 23 includes a p-layer 24 having a thickness of about 20 nm and an i-layer 25 having a thickness of about 140 nm from the metal electrode 22 side.
And an n layer 26 having a film thickness of about 40 nm are laminated in this order. One (right) side surface 18 of the bank portion is in contact with one end (left) surface of the cell 21a.

The transparent electrode 28 is made of indium tin oxide (IT
O) and the film thickness is about 500 nm. A bent portion 28a that is bent at a substantially right angle and extends in the thickness direction of the cell 21a is formed at the left end thereof.

The size of the cell 21a is about 8 in the vertical (front-back) direction.
cm, the width (width) direction is about 26 cm, the generated voltage is about 0.9 V, and the current is several mA.

The second cell 21b is different from the first cell 21a in the structure of the metal electrode 22. The projection 22a is not formed on the metal electrode 22, but an extension 22b extending laterally from one end thereof is formed. The other configurations are basically the same as those of the first cell 21a. The third cell 2
1c to 8th cell 21h have the same configuration as the second cell 21b.

The second electrode 45 is made of a flat electric wire and is connected to the transparent electrode 28 of the eighth cell 30h located at the left end of the rear cell group 30 by soldering or the like.

The light-transmissive coating film 47 is formed by applying a general semitransparent acrylic coating to the three units 2
It is formed so as to cover the entire upper surfaces of 0, 32, and 36 and has a film thickness of about 35 μm. As for the portion located above the first unit 20, it is located on the lower surface of the coating film 47 on the opposite side of the bank portion 18 with the bent portion 28a of the transparent electrode 28 in between and in parallel with the bank portion 18. A plurality of hanging parts 48 are formed. One (left) side surface of each hanging portion 48 is in contact with the other (right) end surface of the cell 21a. As is clear from this, the cell 21a includes the bank portion 18 and the hanging portion 48.
The height of the bank portion 18 is divided by the cell 21a.
The height of the transparent electrode 28 is approximately equal to the value obtained by subtracting the thickness of the transparent electrode 28, and the depth of the hanging portion 48 is substantially equal to the value obtained by subtracting the thickness of the metal electrode 22 from the height of the cell 21a.

Bent portion 2 of transparent electrode 28 of first cell 21b
The tip of 8a is the extension 2 of the metal electrode 22 of the second cell 21b.
It is in continuity with 2b. The same applies to the relationship between the second cell 21b and the third cell 21c, the relationship between the third cell 21c and the fourth cell 21d, and the like. In this way, eight adjacent cells 21a to 21h in the front cell group 21 are connected in series. The width of the front cell group 21 is about 26 cm.

By connecting the transparent electrode 28 of the eighth cell 21h of the front cell group 21 and the metal electrode 22 of the first cell 30a of the rear cell group 30 with a connecting means (not shown),
The front cell group 21 and the rear cell group 30 are connected in series. By connecting 16 cells 21a, 30a, etc. in series, the voltage of the first unit 20 is 14.4V,
The current is several mA. The size of the first unit 20 is 52 cm in length and 64 cm in width.

The second unit 32 has basically the same structure as the first unit 20 described above. 2nd notch hole 1
Reference numeral 6 corresponds to the first cell 33a of the front cell group 33.
The second electrode 45 is connected to the transparent electrode 28 of the eighth cell 34h of the rear cell group 34.

The third unit 36 includes four cell groups in the left-right direction, that is, the leftmost cell group 37, the second leftward cell group 38, the second rightward cell group 39, and the rightmost cell group 40. Consists of. For example, four cells 37a of the leftmost cell group 37
From 37d to 8d of the front cell group of the first unit 20.
It is formed similarly to the individual cells 21a to 20h.

Then, the fourth cell 37 of the leftmost cell group 37
The transparent electrode 28 of d is the first cell 3 of the second left cell group 38.
It is connected to the metal electrode 22 of 8a. The same applies to the second left cell group 38 and the second right cell group 39, and the second right cell group 39 and the rightmost cell group 40. As a result, 16 cells are connected in series. The second electrode 45 is connected to the fourth cell 40d of the rightmost cell group 40.

The first unit 20, the second unit 32, and the third unit 36 are connected in parallel to the connecting means (not shown). As a result, the voltage is 14.4V and the current is 2A.
Module 43 is configured.

During irradiation of sunlight, for example, the first unit 2
0, the light-transmitting coating film 45 and the cells 21a to 3
The light transmitted through the transparent electrode 28 for 0 h hits the power generation layer 23. Then, electrons gather on the surface of the n-layer 26, and the p-layer 24
Holes are collected on the surface of the, and a potential difference (electric power) is generated. This electric power is taken out from the conductive portion 22a and the steel plate 12 formed on the metal electrode 22 of the first cell 21a and the second electrode 45 connected to the transparent electrode 28 of the eighth cell 30h. Then, the air is sent from the converting means 60 shown in FIG. 1 to the blower fan 62 to rotate the blower fan 62. Second unit 3
The same applies to the second and third units 36.

When the car is parked under the scorching sun,
The blower fan 62 continues to rotate while the driver is away from the vehicle, and the hot air inside the vehicle is discharged to the outside of the vehicle. Therefore, when the driver returns to the vehicle and opens the door, the temperature inside the vehicle is lowered to a level that can be tolerated, and the vehicle can be immediately driven.

According to this solar cell device 10, the following effects can be obtained.

First, the entire bonnet 11 was used as the solar cell device 10. As a result, the units 20, 32 and 36
The structure of the one first electrode 12 and the three second electrodes 45 for extracting electric power from the device is simple. This is because the steel plate 12 functions as a first electrode common to the units 20, 32 and 36. As a result, electric power can be directly supplied to the drive device without operating the I / G (ignition) of the driver's seat. In addition, the second electrode 4 of each unit
5 is short, and since the coating film 47 is applied on the second electrode 45, it is inconspicuous.

Further, the rear visual field of the driver is not obstructed. Therefore, each cell 21a, 30a, 37a
It is not necessary to use a transparent material such as a see-through, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Further, it is possible to prevent the face and the like of the passenger sitting in the rear seat from appearing in an unnatural color.

Secondly, amorphous silicon solar cells 22, 23 and 28 were adopted as photoelectric conversion elements (cells). As a result, the solar cell could be formed on the curved steel plate 12 with a predetermined film thickness. Moreover, since the second coating film 47 is provided behind the transparent electrode 28, the glass substrate of a usual amorphous silicon solar cell is not necessary. Furthermore,
The bank portion 18 and the hanging portion 48 serve as a reinforcing frame on both end surfaces of the cell 21a and the like, and the structure of the solar cell device is stabilized.

Thirdly, since the module 43 is composed of three units 20, 32 and 36, the entire surface of the bonnet 11 can be utilized for solar cells, and a large amount of electric power equivalent to a battery can be obtained. I was able to. (Manufacturing Method) Next, a manufacturing method of the solar cell device will be described with reference to FIG. The manufacturing is performed in a coating line for forming the first coating film 14 and the second coating film 47 on the steel plate 12. The manufacturing of the first unit 20 will be mainly described.

As shown in FIG. 5 (a), in the coating line, the bonnet 1 is slightly curved so as to be convex upward.
A low columnar masking member 51 made of a brazing material is placed on the steel plate 12 forming No. 1. The steel plate 12
With electrodeposition paint (ED coating)
Then, an insulating coating film 14 is formed on the surface of the steel plate 12.
The thickness of the coating film 14 is about 15 μm. If necessary, an intermediate coating material or a base coating material may be applied on the coating film 14.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5B, the coating film 1
A plurality of flat rectangular masking members 52 made of a brazing material are provided on the surface of the No. 4 and a slight gap 57 (about 1 m
Cut in parallel, leaving m). Then, the gap is further filled with the above-mentioned electrodeposition paint to form seven bank portions 18 which are integrated with the coating film 14 and extend in the front-rear direction of the steel plate 12.

After that, the masking members 51 and 52 are heated by a heater (not shown) to be melted and removed. Then,
In the area where the first cells 21a are formed, the circular first cutout holes 15 and the plurality of rectangular recesses 54 are formed in the marks of the masking members 51 and 52. In the region where the second cell 21b to the eighth cell 21h are formed, a plurality of depressions 54 are formed in the marks of the masking member 52.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 5C, a metal electrode 22 made of aluminum is formed on the bottom of the recess 54 defined by the bank 18 by a known sputtering method.
To form. At this time, at the same time when the metal electrode 22 is formed, the first cutout hole 15 is filled with a part of aluminum,
A columnar conductive portion 22a is formed so as to be electrically connected to the steel plate 12. Then, a well-known plasma CVD is performed on the metal electrode 22.
The power generation layer 23 having a pin structure is formed by the method. The cells 21a are vertically stacked along one (right) side surface of the bank portion 18.

Then, a transparent electrode 28 made of ITO is formed on the n layer 24 by a known sputtering method.
At this time, a bent portion 28a extending downward along the other (left) side surface of the bank portion 18 is formed at one end of the transparent electrode 28. Bent portion 28a of transparent electrode 28 of first cell 21a
Is connected to the extension 22b of the metal electrode 22 of the second cell 21b, and the first cell 21a and the second cell 21b are connected in series.

At the same time, the second cell 21b and the third cell 21c, the third cell 21c and the fourth cell 21d, etc. are also connected in series.

Next, as shown in FIG.
A plurality of groove portions 56 adjacent to the bank portion 18 and the bent portion 28a are formed on the surface of the transparent electrode 28 such as a by laser or the like. The groove 56 is formed so as to extend parallel to the bank portion 18, that is, to extend in the front-back direction of the steel plate 12.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 5E, the second electrode 45 made of a flat electric wire is connected to the transparent electrode 28 of the eighth cell 30h of the first unit 20 by soldering. Then, a semitransparent acrylic paint is applied to the surface of the transparent electrode 28 of each of the cells 21a, 30a, etc. to form a visible light transmitting coating film 47. At this time, the coating film 47 is formed, part of the paint is filled in the groove 56, and the hanging portion 48 located on the side opposite to the bank portion 18 is formed with the bent portion 28a in between.

According to this method of manufacturing a solar cell device, the following effects can be obtained. These effects are due to the fact that the cells of the units 20, 32 and 36 are laminated and formed by using the coating line for forming the coating films 14 and 47 on the steel plate 12.

First, the cost for forming and disposing the solar cell device 10 on the steel plate 12 can be reduced. Although a film forming process for stacking the cells 21a, 33a, 37a, etc. was added to the coating line, since the coating process and the film forming process share many work contents, the manufacturing line may be shared by both processes. it can.

Next, the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 45 for extracting electric power from the units 20, 32 and 36 can be easily formed. In particular, the first electrode 12 is the bonnet 11
It is not necessary to prepare a special electrode member because it is made of the steel plate 12 forming the. As the second electrode 45, use a short electric wire 3
All you have to do is connect them individually. <Second Embodiment> Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In this embodiment, the photoelectric conversion means comprises a plurality of thermoelectric elements.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the photoelectric conversion means (module) comprises a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements (cells). The module consists of a steel plate 72 and the one coated on it
A sheet of insulating first coating film 74, a plurality of metal electrodes (electroconductive films) 76a, 76b, which are laminated thereon, and P-type heat generating layers 80a, 80b, which are alternately laminated thereon. And N
.., a plurality of transparent electrodes (electric films) 83a, 83b .. laminated on the mold heating layers 81a, 81b .., and one visible light-transmissive second coating film laminated thereon. It consists of 85.

The steel plate 72 and the first coating film 74 are the same as the steel plate 12 and the first coating film 14 of the first embodiment, and the steel plate 72 serves as the first electrode. Multiple metal electrodes 76a, 76b
, The right end metal electrode 76a is connected to the lower surface of the right end N-type heat generating layer 81a, and the cutout hole 7 of the first coating film 74 is formed.
Conducting part 76a1 which projects downward in 5 and conducts to the steel plate 74
Have. The second metal electrode 76b is the P-type heat generating layer 80 at the right end.
The lower surface of a and the lower surface of the second N-type heat generating layer 81b are connected. The same applies hereinafter.

The P-type heat generating layers 80a, 80b ... Are made of bismuth-tellurium antimony, and the N-type heat generating layer 81a,
81b ... consists of bismuth tellurium.

Of the plurality of transparent electrodes 83a, 83b, ..., The right end transparent electrode 83a connects the upper surface of the N-type heat generating layer 81a at the right end and the upper surface of the P-type heat generating layer 80a at the right end.
The second transparent electrode 83b connects the upper surface of the second N-type heat generating layer 81b and the upper surface of the second P-type heat generating layer 80b. The same applies hereinafter. Thus, the first cells 76a, 81
a, 83a and the second cells 83a, 80a, 76b are connected in series. The same applies to the second cell and the third cell.

The leftmost transparent electrode 83e serves as the second electrode. The second coating film 85 is formed of transparent electrodes 83a, 83b.
Is also formed in the space above and between the adjacent transparent electrodes 83a and 83b.

The above module was manufactured as follows.

When forming the first coating film 74 on the steel plate 72, the notch hole 75 is formed by using a third masking member (not shown) similar to the first masking member 51.
Subsequently, the third masking member is removed, and a fourth masking member (not shown) similar to the second masking member 52 is used, and a plurality of metal electrodes 7 are formed by a sputtering method.
.. are formed at predetermined intervals.

Next, the N-type heat generating layers 81a, 81b, ... Are formed on the metal electrodes 76a, 76b.
. And P-type heat generating layers 80a, 80b. Then, a plurality of transparent electrodes 83a,
83b ... N-type heat generating layers 81a, 81b ...
And the P-type heat generating layers 80a, 80b. Finally, the second coating film 85 is formed.

The sunlight that strikes the module during operation is
After passing through the second coating film 85 and the transparent electrodes 83a, 83b ..., The upper surfaces of the P-type heat generating layers 80a, 80b ... And the upper surfaces of the N-type heat generating layers 81a, 81b. As a result, the NP bond is on the high temperature side and the PN bond is on the low temperature side. As a result, a potential difference (voltage) is generated between the upper surface and the lower surface of the P-type heat generating layers 80a, 80b ... And between the upper surface and the lower surface of the N-type heat generating layers 81a, 81b.

Also in the second embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained. In addition, since several layers having a large heat capacity are added, the peculiar effect of increasing the generated electric power can be obtained.

[0077]

As described above, according to the solar cell device of the present invention, when the coated conductive metal plate is exposed to sunlight, the space between the first coating film and the second coating film is increased. The arranged photoelectric conversion means generates electric power. Therefore, it is possible to drive various devices by using this electric power. Further, there is an effect that electric power can be supplied to the battery or charged.

On the other hand, according to the manufacturing method of the present invention, in the coating line, the photoelectric conversion means is easily formed between the insulating first coating film and the light transmitting second coating film. Therefore, the effect of being able to inexpensively form the photoelectric conversion means on, for example, the hood of an automobile by using the painting facility is exhibited.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view of a first embodiment (solar cell device) according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view from the direction A in FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.

5 (a), (b), (c), (d), and (e) are cross-sectional explanatory views showing a manufacturing process of the solar cell device.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of an essential part corresponding to FIG. 4, showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

11: Bonnet 12, 72:
Steel plate 14, 74: First coating film 15, 75:
Notch hole 18: Bank portion 22, 76
a, 76b: Metal electrodes 22a, 76a1: Conducting part 23: Power generation layers 28, 83a, 83b: Transparent electrodes 22, 23,
28: Cell 20, 32, 36: Unit 43: Module 45, 83e: Second electrode 47, 85:
Second coating film 48: hanging parts 76a, 76
b: metal electrodes 80a, 80b: P-type heat generating layers 81a, 81
b: N-type heating layer

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A first electrode made of a conductive metal plate, an electrically insulating first coating film laminated on the first electrode, and a first electrode laminated on the first coating film and connected in series. A photoelectric conversion unit composed of a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements, a conducting portion connecting the first electrode and the photoelectric conversion element at one end of the photoelectric conversion unit, and the photoelectric conversion element at the other end of the photoelectric conversion unit. A solar cell device comprising a connected second electrode and a light-transmissive second coating film laminated on the photoelectric conversion means. 2. The solar cell device according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode is a steel plate forming a hood, a roof or a trunk of an automobile. 3. The photoelectric conversion element is an amorphous solar cell, the metal electrode of the amorphous solar cell at one end is connected to the first electrode, and the transparent electrode of the amorphous solar cell at the other end is connected to the second electrode. The solar cell device according to claim 1. 4. The solar cell device according to claim 3, wherein the conductive portion is formed in a part of the first coating film. 5. The photoelectric conversion element is partitioned by a bank portion formed on the upper surface of the first coating film and a hanging portion formed on the lower surface of the second coating film. Solar cell device. 6. The photoelectric conversion means is an electric heating element made of a semiconductor, and the low temperature side of the N-type electric heating element at one end is the first heating element.
The solar cell device according to claim 1, wherein the solar cell device is connected to an electrode, and the high temperature side of the P-type electrothermal element at the other end is connected to the second electrode. 7. A step of placing a first masking member on a metal plate to form an insulative first coating film, and placing a plurality of second masking members on the first coating film at predetermined gaps. And a step of removing the first masking member and the second masking member to form a cutout portion and a plurality of element placement portions, and a metal electrode, a heating layer and a transparent electrode in each of the element placement portions. A step of forming a photoelectric conversion element including a film, and forming a conductive portion integrated with the metal electrode of the photoelectric conversion element at one end in the notch, and connecting the second electrode to the photoelectric conversion element at the other end. And a step of forming a visible light transmitting second coating film on the upper surface of the photoelectric conversion means. 8. A step of forming a plurality of frame-shaped bank portions by the second masking member in the step of forming the cutout portion and the element placement portion, and forming a film of the plurality of photoelectric conversion elements, The photoelectric conversion element is formed into a film in a plurality of depressions defined by the bank portion, and a bent portion extending from a transparent electrode along one side of the bank portion and connected to a metal electrode of an adjacent photoelectric conversion element is formed. Item 7. The manufacturing method according to Item 7. 9. A step of forming a groove parallel to the bank on the upper surface of the transparent electrode of the photoelectric conversion element between the step of forming the photoelectric conversion means and the step of connecting the second electrode. The method for manufacturing a solar cell device according to claim 7, comprising.