JP2003106470A - Manually opening/closing method for electric control valve and manually operating opening/closing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To open/close an electric control valve by a simple manual operation, when a motor becomes a non-operating state by power failure or a trouble in an electric system or a control system of the electric control valve. SOLUTION: A hand-held cylindrical permanent magnet (manual operation opening/closing device) 50 is fitted around the outer circumference of a case with a stator member pulled out from the case outer circumference, and the permanent magnet 50 is rotationally displaced around the circumference of the case 50 by the manual operation so that a rotor 22 is rotated by a magnetic operation between the permanent magnet 50 and a multipolar permanent magnet 23 of the rotor 22.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a manual opening / closing method for an electric control valve and a manually operated opening / closing tool.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An electric control valve rotatably accommodates a rotor with a permanent magnet in a cylindrical case made of a non-magnetic material, and a stator member including a stator coil is detachably attached to the outside of the case. The valve body is opened and closed by rotating the rotor of an electric motor such as the stepping motor, which is disclosed in JP-B-2-6299, JP-A-8-313823, and JP-A-2000-195957.
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 9 and the like, it is often used as a variable throttle valve or a flow control valve of a refrigeration cycle device.

[0003]

In the electric control valve as described above, the valve cannot be opened or closed at all due to the inoperability of the electric motor in the event of a power failure or a failure in the electric or control system of the electric control valve. There is no inoperable state. In such a state, there is a demand for urgently closing or opening the electric control valve in terms of operation and maintenance of the device.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and when a failure occurs in the electric system or the control system of the electric control valve due to a power failure, the electric motor is in an inoperable state, It is an object of the present invention to provide a manual opening / closing method for opening / closing a valve of an electric control valve by a simple manual operation, and a manually operated opening / closing tool used for carrying out the manual opening / closing method.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, a method for manually opening and closing an electric control valve according to the present invention enables a rotor with a permanent magnet to rotate in a cylindrical case made of a non-magnetic material. A manual opening / closing method for an electric control valve, which stores and opens a stator member including a stator coil on the outside of the case and drives the valve body to open / close by rotation of the rotor of the electric motor, the stator member comprising: Is removed from the outer circumference of the case, and in a state where a hand-held permanent magnet is brought close to the outer circumference of the case, the permanent magnet is manually rotationally displaced or rotated (rotated) around the circumference of the case, The permanent magnet is rotated by following the manual operation of the permanent magnet by the magnetic action with the rotor, and the rotor is rotated. Opening and closing the valve body by.

The permanent magnet for rotationally displacing the permanent magnet manually has a cylindrical shape which can be inserted into and removed from the outer circumference of the case and can be rotated around the outer circumference of the case, and has an S pole in the circumferential direction similar to the rotor. A permanent magnet in which N poles are alternately magnetized, a plurality of magnetic pole teeth equivalent to those of a stator member in the circumferential direction, which can be inserted into and removed from the outer circumference of the case, and can be rotated around the outer circumference of the case; For example, there is a permanent magnet that magnetizes the magnetic pole teeth.

Further, as the permanent magnets that are manually rotated (rotated), there are the same permanent magnets as the permanent magnets mounted on the rotor, bar magnets and the like.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the hand-operated opening / closing tool according to the present invention rotatably accommodates the rotor with a permanent magnet in a cylindrical case made of a non-magnetic material, and is provided outside the case. A manually operated opening / closing tool for manually opening and closing an electric control valve that opens and closes a valve body by rotating the rotor of an electric motor in which a stator member including a stator coil is detachably inserted and attached. It has a cylindrical shape that can be inserted and removed and can be rotated around the outer circumference of the case, and has permanent magnets magnetized with S poles and N poles alternately in the circumferential direction in the same manner as the rotor.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the hand-operated opening / closing tool according to the present invention rotatably accommodates a rotor with a permanent magnet in a cylindrical case made of a non-magnetic material, and is provided outside the case. For manually opening and closing an electric control valve that opens and closes a valve body by rotating the rotor of an electric motor in which a stator member including a stator coil is detachably inserted and attached, and magnetic pole teeth equivalent to those of the stator member are circumferentially arranged. And a permanent magnet that magnetizes the magnetic pole teeth, and a plurality of outer magnets that can be inserted into and removed from the outer circumference of the case and can be rotated around the outer circumference of the case.

Further, as a detailed feature of the hand-operated opening / closing tool according to the present invention, the magnetic pole teeth of the outer ridge are alternately provided on both sides of an axial end portion of the outer ridge, and the magnetic pole teeth are magnetized. The permanent magnet is a cylindrical permanent magnet having an S pole and an N pole in the axial direction.

Further, as a detailed feature of the hand-operated opening / closing tool according to the present invention, the permanent magnets for magnetizing the magnetic pole teeth are granular magnets for individually magnetizing the magnetic pole teeth.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example of an electric control valve to which the manual opening / closing method according to the present invention is applied and which is manually opened / closed by a manually operated opening / closing tool.

(Structure of Electric Control Valve) FIG. 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the electric control valve has a valve housing (main body) 10, and the valve housing 1
0 defines a valve chamber 11 inside. Valve housing 10
Includes a primary side pipe joint 12 that directly communicates with the valve chamber 11, a valve seat member 14 that defines a valve port 13, and a secondary side pipe joint 15 that communicates with the valve chamber 11 via the valve port 13. Each is fixedly installed.

A valve body 16 is provided in the valve chamber 11.
The valve element 16 has a needle valve portion 17 that quantitatively increases or decreases the opening and closing of the valve port 13 and the effective opening area by moving in the axial direction (vertical direction) with respect to the valve seat member 14.

A lower lid member 18 is provided on the valve housing 10.
Is fixed, and a case (rotor case) 21 of the stepping motor 20 is fixed to the lower lid member 18 by welding or the like. The case 21 is formed of a non-magnetic material into a bottomed cylindrical shape (upside down cup shape), and accommodates the rotor 22 of the stepping motor 20 therein so as to be rotatable and movable in the axial direction (vertical direction). There is.

A cylindrical multi-pole permanent magnet 23 having a large number of S poles and N poles alternately in the circumferential direction is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 22. At the center of the rotor 22, a cylindrical female screw member 25 having a female screw portion 24 formed on the inner circumference is fixed. On the upper part of the valve housing 10, a male screw part 26 is provided on the outer circumference.
A hollow shaft-shaped male screw member 27 having a hollow shape is fixed, and the male screw portion 26 is screw-engaged with the female screw portion 24.

The valve body 16 penetrates the hollow portion of the male screw member 27 in the axial direction, further penetrates the central hole 29 formed in the central inner wall portion 28 of the rotor 22, and engages with its penetrating end (upper end). The stop ring 30 is engaged or welded. A compression coil spring 31 is mounted between the step portion 19 formed in the axially intermediate portion of the valve body 16 and the central inner wall portion 28 of the rotor 22. This structure allows
The valve element 16 is connected to the rotor 22 by the locking ring 30 and the compression coil spring 31, and moves in the axial direction, that is, opens and closes together with the rotor 22 when not in contact with the valve seat member 14.

A mandrel member 32 is provided at the center of the upper part of the case 21.
Is fixed in a suspended state, and a coil spring-shaped spiral guide wire body 33 is attached to the outer periphery of the mandrel member 32.
On the spiral guide wire body 33, a slider 34 that is guided by the spiral guide wire body 33 and moves in the axial direction while turning.
Are engaged.

The slider 34 is kicked around by the rotation of the rotor 22 by a pin 35 fixed to the rotor 22,
By abutting the stopper portions 33A or 33B provided at the upper and lower ends of the spiral guide wire body 33, further rotation of the rotor is prevented, and the rotor base point position of the valve closing reference or the valve opening reference is set.

On the outside of the case 21, a cylindrical stator member 36 of the stepping motor 20 is detachably attached and attached. The stator member 36 includes an outer body 38 having a plurality of upper magnetic pole teeth 37 in the circumferential direction in a comb shape.
And a lower member 40 attached to the lower side of the outer body 38 and having a plurality of lower magnetic pole teeth 39 in the circumferential direction in a comb shape.
It has upper and lower two-stage stator coils 41 and 42 arranged in the outer body 38.

As shown in FIG. 2, the upper magnetic pole teeth 37 and the lower magnetic pole teeth 39 of the stator member 36 alternately mesh with each other to form a series of circumferential magnetic pole teeth. By exciting the stator coils 41 and 42, the upper magnetic pole tooth 37 is the S pole and the lower magnetic pole tooth 39 is the N pole, or conversely, the upper magnetic pole tooth 37 is the N pole and the lower magnetic pole tooth 39.
Is magnetized to the S pole.

A positioning piece 43 is attached to the outer body 38, and a dimple 44 to which the positioning piece 43 is detachably fitted is formed in the case 21. The positioning piece 43 engages with the dimple 44. By doing so, the positioning of the stator member 36 with respect to the case 21 is performed.

(Normal operation of electric control valve)
When the stator coils 41 and 42 of the stator member 36 are excited by the pulse signal drive, the upper magnetic pole teeth 37 and the lower magnetic pole teeth 39 are magnetized to the S pole and the N pole.
7. By magnetizing the lower magnetic pole teeth 39, the rotor 22 is rotated by the magnetic action of the lower magnetic pole teeth 39 and the multi-pole permanent magnet 23 of the rotor 22.

Since the rotor 22 is screw-engaged with the male screw portion 26 of the fixedly arranged male screw member 27 by the female screw portion 24 of the female screw member 25 integrated with the rotor 22, the rotor 22 moves in the axial direction while rotating by the screw lead. . The axial movement of the rotor 22 is transmitted to the valve body 16 and
Moves along with the rotor 22 in the axial direction.

(Manual Opening / Closing Operation 1 of Electric Control Valve) As shown in FIG. 3, the stator member 36 is pulled out above the outer periphery of the case 21 to remove the stator member 3.
Instead of 6, on the outer periphery of the case 23, as a manually operated opening / closing tool,
As shown in FIG. 4, a cylindrical permanent magnet 50 that is magnetized alternately with S poles and N poles in the circumferential direction in the same manner as the multi-pole permanent magnets 23 of the rotor 22 and can be rotated around the outer circumference of the case. Insert it so that it can be inserted and removed, and attach the permanent magnet 50 to the case 2
It is manually rotated around the circumference of 1.

This rotational displacement causes a magnetic action between the permanent magnet 50 and the multi-pole permanent magnet 23 of the rotor 22,
The rotor 22 rotates following the manual operation of the permanent magnet 50, and the valve body 16 opens and closes in the axial direction together with the rotor 22.

As a result, the electric control valve valve can be closed or opened with no power, simply by fitting the outer periphery of the case 23 and manually rotating the permanent magnet 50 using the outer periphery of the case as a guide surface.

(Manual Opening / Closing Operation 2 of Electric Control Valve) As shown in FIG. 5, the stator member 36 is pulled out from the outer periphery of the case 21 to remove the stator member 3.
In place of 6, the cylindrical manual operation opening / closing tool 51 is removably fitted to the outer periphery of the case 23.
Is manually rotated around the circumference of the case 21.

The manually operated opening / closing tool 51 uses permanent magnets having the same polarity as the stator coils 41 and 42 of the stator member 36, and has a circumference similar to that of the outer body 38 of the stator member 36. Direction upper pole teeth 5
An outer body 53 having a comb-like shape 2 and a plurality of lower magnetic pole teeth 54 mounted in the circumferential direction in the same manner as the lower member 40 of the stator member 36, which is attached to the lower side of the outer body 53. 2 and upper and lower magnetic pole teeth 52 and 54 arranged in the outer body 53 to magnetize the upper magnetic pole teeth 52 and the lower magnetic pole teeth 54, respectively. . For example, the permanent magnets 56 and 57 have the upper magnetic pole teeth 52 and the lower magnetic pole teeth 54.

When the hand-operated opening / closing tool 51 is manually rotationally displaced around the circumference of the case 21, the upper magnetic pole teeth 52, the lower magnetic pole teeth 54 of the hand-operated opening / closing tool 51 and the multi-pole permanent magnet 23 of the rotor 22 are connected. A magnetic action is generated during the rotation of the rotor 22, the rotor 22 rotates following the manual operation of the manual operation opening / closing device 51, and the valve body 16 opens and closes in the axial direction together with the rotor 22.

As a result, the electric control valve 51 can be closed or opened with no power by simply turning the hand-operated opening / closing tool 51 fitted on the outer periphery of the case 23 by using the outer periphery of the case as a guide surface.

(Manual Opening / Closing Operation 3 of Electric Control Valve) As shown in FIG. 6, the stator member 36 is pulled out above the outer periphery of the case 21, and the stator member 3 is removed.
Instead of 6, the cylindrical manual operation opening / closing tool 58 is removably fitted to the outer periphery of the case 23.
Is manually rotated around the circumference of the case 21.

As shown in FIG. 7, the hand-operated opening / closing tool 58 has a plurality of upper magnetic pole teeth 59 in the circumferential direction in a comb-like shape, like the outer body 38 of the stator member 36. A main body 60, a plurality of granular magnets (permanent magnets) 61 arranged in the outer body 59 for individually magnetizing the upper magnetic pole teeth 52, and the granular magnets 61 at predetermined positions in the outer body 59. It is composed of a mold resin 62 for fixing. The magnetic poles of the plurality of granular magnets 61 are unified to the N pole or the S pole.

Also in this case, the manually operated opening / closing tool 58 is used for the case 2
When manually rotated about the circumference of 1, the upper magnetic pole teeth 59 of the manually operated opening / closing tool 58 and the multi-pole permanent magnet 23 of the rotor 22 are rotated.
A magnetic action is generated between the rotor 22 and the rotor 22, and the rotor 22 rotates following the manual operation of the manually operated opening / closing tool 58, so that the valve body 16 opens and closes in the axial direction together with the rotor 22.

As a result, the electric control valve 58 can be closed or opened with no power, simply by turning the manually operated opening / closing tool 58 fitted on the outer periphery of the case 23 by using the outer periphery of the case as a guide surface.

(Manual Opening / Closing Operation 4 of Electric Control Valve) As shown in FIG. 8, the stator member 36 is pulled out above the outer periphery of the case 21, and the stator member 3 is removed.
In place of 6, a cylindrical manual operation opening / closing tool 63 is removably fitted to the outer periphery of the case 23.
Is manually rotated around the circumference of the case 21.

Like the outer body 38 of the stator member 36, the manually operated opening / closing tool 63 includes a plurality of upper magnetic pole teeth 6 in the circumferential direction.
An outer body 65 having a comb shape 4 and a plurality of lower magnetic pole teeth 66 arranged in the circumferential direction in the same manner as the lower member 40 of the stator member 36 in the circumferential direction. And a plurality of granular magnets (permanent magnets) 68, 69 arranged in the outer body 65 for individually magnetizing the upper magnetic pole teeth 64 and the lower magnetic pole teeth 66, respectively. 68,
69 and mold resins 70 and 71 for fixing the lower member 67 to a predetermined position in the outer body 65. It should be noted that the plurality of granular magnets 68 and 69 are magnetized for the upper magnetic pole teeth 64 and magnetized for the lower magnetic pole teeth 66, and the magnetic poles are unified to the N pole or the S pole. .

In this case as well, the manual operation opening / closing tool 63 is used for the case 2
When manually rotated about the circumference of 1, the magnetic action occurs between the upper magnetic pole teeth 64 and the lower magnetic pole teeth 66 of the manually operated opening / closing tool 63 and the multi-pole permanent magnet 23 of the rotor 22, and The rotor 22 rotates following the manual operation of the operation opening / closing tool 63,
The valve body 16 opens and closes in the axial direction together with the rotor 22.

As a result, the electric control valve valve can be closed or opened with no power by simply turning the hand-operated opening / closing tool 63 fitted on the outer circumference of the case 23 by using the outer circumference of the case as a guide surface. (Manual Opening / Closing Operation 5 of Electric Control Valve) As shown in FIG. 9, the stator member 36 is pulled out above the outer circumference of the case 21, and the hand-held permanent magnet 72 is brought close to the outer circumference of the case 21. , The permanent magnet 72 is manually rotated (rotated).

The permanent magnet 72 is a multi-pole permanent magnet which is the same as the multi-pole permanent magnet 23 mounted on the rotor 22, and also serves as the multi-pole permanent magnet 23 as a single component before it is mounted on the rotor 22. can do.

As shown in FIG. 9, the permanent magnet 72 is brought close to the outside of the case 21, and the permanent magnet 72 is
Is manually rotated (rotated), a magnetic action is generated between the permanent magnet 72 and the multi-pole permanent magnet 23 of the rotor 22,
The rotor 22 rotates following the manual operation of the permanent magnet 72, so that the valve element 16 opens and closes in the axial direction together with the rotor 22.

As a result, the electric control valve valve can be closed or opened with no power by simply turning the permanent magnet 72 located near the outside of the case 21 by hand. (Manual opening / closing operation 6 of the electric control valve) Fig. 10
As shown in FIG.
The bar magnet (permanent magnet) 73 is held close to the outer circumference of the case 21, and the permanent magnet 73 is manually rotated (rotated) in this state.

As the bar magnet 73, as shown in FIG. 11, a bar magnet 73 having a quadrupole structure having a quadrangular transverse cross section, and FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, there is a bipolar structure having a circular cross section.

As shown in FIG. 10, when the bar magnet 73 is brought close to the outside of the case 21 and the bar magnet 73 is manually rotated (rotated), the bar magnet 73 and the rotor 2 are rotated.
A magnetic action is generated between the two multi-pole permanent magnets 23, the rotor 22 rotates following the manual operation of the bar magnet 73, and the valve element 16 opens and closes in the axial direction together with the rotor 22.

As a result, the electric control valve valve can be closed or opened with no power by simply turning the permanent magnet 72 brought close to the outside of the case 21.

The permanent magnets 72 and the bar magnets 73 indicated by the manual opening / closing operations 5 and 6 may be manually rotated around the circumference of the case 21. The control valve can be closed or opened.

[0047]

As can be understood from the above description, according to the method for manually opening and closing the electric control valve and the manually operated opening and closing device according to the present invention, the stator member is pulled out from the outer periphery of the case, and the permanent magnet is held on the outer periphery of the case. With the (hand-operated opening / closing tool) in close proximity, the permanent magnet is manually rotationally displaced around the circumference of the case, or the permanent magnet is rotated (rotated) so that the permanent magnet and the rotor magnetically act The rotor with the permanent magnet rotates following the manual operation of the magnet, and the electric control valve valve can be closed or opened with no power. As a result, in the event of a power failure or a failure of the electric control valve's electric system or control system, the electric control valve can be operated urgently.
It is possible to easily close or open the valve.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of an electric control valve to which a manual opening / closing method according to the present invention is applied and which is manually opened / closed by a manually operated opening / closing tool.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a stator member of the electric control valve.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a manual opening / closing method for an electric control valve and a manually operated opening / closing tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a manually operated opening / closing tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of a method for manually opening and closing an electric control valve and a manually operated opening / closing tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a third embodiment of a manual opening / closing method for an electric control valve and a manually operated opening / closing tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view showing a third embodiment of the manually operated opening / closing tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of a manual opening / closing method for an electric control valve and a manually operated opening / closing tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of a method for manually opening and closing an electric control valve according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a sixth embodiment of a method for manually opening and closing an electric control valve according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an end view showing an example of a bar magnet used for carrying out the method for manually opening and closing the electric control valve according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an end view showing another example of a bar magnet used for carrying out the method for manually opening and closing the electric control valve according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 valve housing 14 valve seat member 16 valve body 20 stepping motor 21 cases 22 rotor 23 Multi-pole permanent magnet 25 Female thread member 27 Male screw member 36 Stator member 50 permanent magnets 51,58,63 Hand operated opening / closing tool 72 Permanent magnet 73 bar magnet

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Toru Sakamoto             535 Sasai, Sayama City, Saitama Prefecture Sagimiya Co., Ltd.             Tokoroyama Office F-term (reference) 3H062 AA02 AA15 BB04 CC02 CC17                       DD01 EE06 HH04 HH09                 5H649 AA01 BB02 GG09 GG13 GG16                       HH09 HH13 HH16 JK04

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A rotor of an electric motor in which a rotor with a permanent magnet is rotatably accommodated in a cylindrical case made of a non-magnetic material, and a stator member including a stator coil is detachably attached to the outside of the case. Is a method for manually opening and closing an electric control valve that opens and closes a valve body by rotating the valve body, wherein the stator member is pulled out from the outer circumference of the case, and the permanent magnet is held in a state where a hand-held permanent magnet is brought close to the outer circumference of the case. The case is manually rotated around the circumference of the case, and the permanent magnet is rotated by the magnetic action of the permanent magnet and the rotor to follow the manual operation of the permanent magnet. A method for manually opening and closing an electric control valve, which comprises opening and closing the valve element. 2. The permanent magnet has a cylindrical shape that can be inserted into and removed from the outer circumference of the case and can be rotated around the outer circumference of the case, and is magnetized with S poles and N poles alternately in the circumferential direction in the same manner as the rotor. 2. A manual opening / closing method for an electric control valve according to claim 1, wherein a manually operated opening / closing tool using a permanent magnet is used. 3. A permanent magnet having a plurality of magnetic pole teeth equivalent to a stator member in the circumferential direction, which is insertable into and removable from the outer circumference of the case and can be rotated around the outer circumference of the case, and the magnetic pole teeth. 2. A method for manually opening and closing an electric control valve according to claim 1, wherein a permanent magnet that is magnetized is used. 4. A rotor for an electric motor in which a rotor with a permanent magnet is rotatably housed in a cylindrical case made of a non-magnetic material, and a stator member including a stator coil is detachably attached to the outside of the case. Is a method for manually opening and closing an electric control valve that opens and closes a valve body by rotating the valve body, wherein the stator member is pulled out from the outer circumference of the case, and the permanent magnet is held in a state where a hand-held permanent magnet is brought close to the outer circumference of the case. The rotor is rotated manually, the rotor with permanent magnet is rotated by following the manual rotation of the permanent magnet by the magnetic action of the permanent magnet and the rotor, and the valve body is opened and closed by the rotation of the rotor. The feature is the manual opening and closing method of the electric control valve. 5. The electric control valve manual opening / closing method according to claim 4, wherein the same permanent magnet as the permanent magnet mounted on the rotor is used as the permanent magnet. 6. The method for manually opening and closing an electric control valve according to claim 4, wherein a bar magnet is used as the permanent magnet. 7. A rotor of an electric motor in which a rotor with a permanent magnet is rotatably housed in a cylindrical case made of a non-magnetic material, and a stator member including a stator coil is detachably attached to the outside of the case. Is a manually operated opening / closing tool for manually opening and closing an electric control valve that drives the valve body to open and close by rotation of a cylindrical shape that can be inserted into and removed from the outer circumference of the case and can be rotated around the outer circumference of the case. A hand-operated opening / closing tool having permanent magnets magnetized with S poles and N poles alternately in the circumferential direction in the same manner as the rotor. 8. A rotor for an electric motor in which a rotor with a permanent magnet is rotatably housed in a cylindrical case made of a non-magnetic material, and a stator member including a stator coil is detachably attached to the outside of the case so as to be detachable. It is a manually operated opening / closing tool for manually opening / closing an electric control valve that drives the valve body to open / close by the rotation of a. In addition, a hand-operated opening / closing tool having an outer skirt that can be rotated around the outer circumference of the case and a permanent magnet that magnetizes the magnetic pole teeth. 9. The magnetic pole teeth of the outer ridge are alternately provided on both sides of an axial end of the outer ridge, and the permanent magnet for magnetizing the magnetic pole teeth is a cylinder having an S pole and an N pole in the axial direction. 9. The hand-operated opening / closing tool according to claim 8, which is a permanent magnet in the shape of a circle. 10. The manually operated opening / closing tool according to claim 8, wherein the permanent magnet for magnetizing the magnetic pole teeth is a granular magnet for individually magnetizing each magnetic pole tooth.