JP2003192402A - Laminated glass having excellent impact resistance and peeling resistance - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide laminated glass which excels in the fracture penetration resistance of a window pane for buildings, etc., against objects coming flying thereto and excels in the impact resistance and peeling resistance having the crime prevention performance to make the intrusion from outside, etc., difficult. <P>SOLUTION: Two or more kinds of intermediate films made of resins varying in Young's moduli are superposed one another, are inserted between glass sheets and are integrated by bonding. The intermediate films of the low Young's moduli are superposed on both front and rear surfaces of the intermediate film of the high Young's modulus to form the intermediate films into a three- layered structure. The Young's moduli of the intermediate films having the low Young's moduli are specified to 10 to 100 kPa at ordinary temperature and the Young's modulus of the intermediate film having the high Young's modulus is specified to 100 to 500 MPa, by which the impact resistance and peeling resistance are improved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a laminated glass having excellent impact resistance and peeling resistance, such as a window glass for construction, which has a crime-preventing performance that is excellent in breaking penetration by flying objects and is difficult to enter from the outside. Regarding

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art According to a report issued by the Urban Security Research Center, the number of burglars and the amount of damage have been increasing in recent years, and outside intruders for the purpose of criminal acts such as burglars are locked in a locked building. When entering the building, it breaks into the building by breaking the glass window of the building, breaking the door, or unlocking the key to the front door.

[0003] In particular, many invasions of single-family homes are made through windows, and further, invasions of windows are caused by breaking or puncturing a part of the window glass to open a crescent provided in the sash, or window glass. Since it is performed by breaking the entire surface of the window, it is preferable to use a window glass that is not easily punctured or easily broken to prevent entry.

The glass sheet is produced by a float method or a roll-out method and is not subjected to a tempering treatment, a tempered glass which is reheated and air-cooled after the production, and sodium in the glass is removed. Chemically strengthened glass that causes compressive stress to be generated on the glass surface to make it difficult to break by chemical treatment such as partial replacement with potassium, and two glass plates are made of polyvinyl butyral film (hereinafter abbreviated as PVB film). Although there is a laminated glass bonded with an intermediate film, laminated glass that has few holes in the PVB film as the intermediate film has the highest crime prevention performance even if the glass is broken.

As a means for breaking the glass window and invading it, it is called crushing, and the glass window is broken by a bar or a hammer, and it is called prying, so that the driver does not make a loud noise. There is a method of breaking the glass window to open a hole and opening a crescent lock etc. to secretly invade, but compared to breaking with a loud destructive sound, prying with a small destructive sound causes more damage to burrows.

The tempered glass veneer is a security problem because it is destroyed by breaking unless it is very thick.

[0007] Crime-proof glass, which is hard to break and puncture against breakage and prying, ie, impact resistance and penetration resistance against physical impact, such as PVB, which is an interlayer film of laminated glass. Laminated glass thickened so that holes are not easily opened, and a polycarbonate plate with high impact resistance is inserted into the intermediate layer of the laminated glass, and the laminated glass is bonded and integrated with ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). A laminated glass obtained by laminating a glass plate and a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) sheet with an adhesive that solidifies after bonding is commercially available as crime prevention glass.

In Japan, there is no crime prevention standard for buildings today, but in Europe and America there are crime prevention standards not only for storefronts, hotels, but also for buildings such as houses, offices, hospitals, etc. , It is recommended to use crime prevention laminated glass for hotels.

For example, in Europe, the CEN standard (E
european Committee for Stand
The impact resistance test of the sheet glass is standardized in TC129, and the sheet glass is classified into crime prevention classes P1A to P5A and P6B to P8B based on the results.

[0010]

The tempered glass has a strength of about 3 to 5 times that of unstrengthened glass, but when broken by a flying object, the flying object penetrates, or the sash or molding is used. Since the broken glass plate falls off from such as, there is a problem that it is easy to enter from the outside and has no crime prevention property.

On the other hand, in the case of laminated glass, even if the glass is broken by flying objects or the like, the laminated glass is held by the laminated intermediate film such as the PVB film, and the broken glass plate is less likely to fall off from the sash or the molding. In addition, there is an advantage that it is difficult to enter from the outside, and it is difficult for penetrating objects to penetrate.

However, it cannot be said that this laminated glass has sufficient strength against an impact with a large impact force, and in recent years, the Young's modulus of a PVB film usually used for a laminated glass is at room temperature. Although it is about 50 kPa, an intermediate film with a very large Young's modulus of about 300 MPa has been put on the market, and this intermediate film has high strength and is very effective for penetration of flying objects.
The adhesive property has an adhesive strength comparable to that of the conventional PVB film at room temperature, but there is a problem that the fragmented glass is likely to be peeled off if it breaks.

In order to improve the durability of the laminated glass having the crime prevention property against breaking and prying, the thickness of the glass and / or the resin layer of the intermediate layer is increased, or three or more glass plates are laminated and laminated. A laminated structure in which a resin such as a PVB film is sandwiched between glasses can be mentioned, but these methods increase the thickness and weight of the window glass, which limits the sashes and windows that can be used. There was a problem that it was difficult to use for business.

[0014]

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is more easily broken or pryed than conventional crime-preventing laminated glass on the market. It does not break or puncture, and it has a penetration resistance of PEN that satisfies the crime prevention class P5A by the impact resistance test of the flat glass that is standardized to CEN standard TC129 for penetration resistance, and has excellent penetration penetration by flying objects, and It is an object of the present invention to provide a laminated glass in which the amount of the interlayer film exposed is small and holes are not opened in a short time and which is extremely excellent in crime prevention performance.

That is, according to the present invention, 2 having different Young's moduli are used.
An excellent combination of shock resistance and peeling resistance, characterized by improving the shock resistance and peeling resistance by superimposing more than one kind of resin interlayer film and inserting it between glass plates to bond and integrate them. It is glass.

Alternatively, the present invention is characterized in that, as the intermediate film between the two glass plates, a low Young's modulus intermediate film is laminated on both front and back surfaces of the high Young's modulus intermediate film to form a three-layer structure. It is a laminated glass excellent in impact resistance and peel resistance as described above.

Alternatively, in the present invention, the Young's modulus of the low Young's modulus intermediate film is 10 to 100 KPa at room temperature, and the Young's modulus of the high Young's modulus intermediate film is 100 to 500 MPa. It is a laminated glass with excellent resistance and peeling resistance.

Alternatively, the present invention provides the above laminated glass having excellent impact resistance and peeling resistance, wherein the total thickness of the laminated interlayer films is 90 mil (2.286 mm) or more. is there.

Alternatively, the present invention is the above laminated glass having excellent impact resistance and peeling resistance, characterized in that the low Young's modulus intermediate film is made of a polyvinyl butyral film (PVB).

[0020]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION According to the present invention, two or more kinds of resin interlayer films having different Young's moduli are superposed on each other between two facing glass plates, and the interlayer films are inserted between the glass plates to heat and heat each other. It is a laminated glass that is integrally bonded under pressure.

In particular, as shown as an example in FIG. 1, the present invention has a three-layer structure in which an intermediate film having a low Young's modulus is superposed on both surfaces of the intermediate film having a high Young's modulus. A film is formed by inserting the three-layered intermediate film between the glass plates and adhering the glass plates together.

The low Young's modulus intermediate film and the high Young's modulus intermediate film are relatively compared with each other, and the low Young's modulus intermediate film is 10 to 100K at room temperature.
While Pa is 100 to 5 for the high Young's modulus interlayer film.
It is 00 MPa.

It is preferable that the total thickness of the three laminated interlayer films is 90 mil (2.286 mm) or more because sufficient strength can be obtained.

For an intermediate film having a particularly high strength and a high Young's modulus, the greater the thickness, the greater the strength. This may be determined according to the desired impact strength.

The interlayer film having a low Young's modulus is composed of a polyvinyl butyral film (PVB) used for ordinary laminated glass, and even if the laminated glass adhered using the PVB film is broken, the glass pieces are difficult to be peeled from the interlayer film.

The high-strength intermediate film may be a film made of a transparent or translucent resin made of an organic material which is commercially available at present, and examples thereof include an ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer. It is not limited.

The high-strength interlayer film has excellent impact resistance at room temperature, and the adhesive strength with the glass plate is not much different from that of a normal PVB film, but when the glass plate is cracked by impact,
Although it is difficult to see separation from the glass piece, this problem was solved by superimposing it on the interlayer film having a low Young's modulus.

The constituted glass plate is used for penetration of flying objects, etc.
Considering that it is intended for a building window glass having an excellent breaking penetration property and an excellent crime prevention performance, the plate thickness is preferably 1.8 mm or more and 6 mm or less.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0030]

EXAMPLES For each example and comparative example of the laminated glass excellent in impact resistance and peeling resistance of the present invention, the impact resistance test result according to each constitution and CEN standard, and the glass plate and the interlayer film Table 1 shows the result of the pass / fail judgment for the peeling condition of No. 1 and is described in detail below.

[0031]

[Table 1]

[Example 1] Plate thickness 3 mm, size 1100 m
Two float glass plates 2 and 2 of m × 900 mm were made to face each other, and the following three interlayer films having substantially the same dimensions as the glass plates 2 and 2 were superposed and inserted and arranged between the glass plates.

First-layer intermediate film 3: PVB film having a film thickness of 15 mil and Young's modulus: 50 KPa, second-layer intermediate film 4: film thickness of 60 mil, Young's modulus: 30
0 MPa intermediate film (ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer), third intermediate film 3: film thickness 15 mil, Young's modulus: 50
PVB film of KPa The total film thickness of the above three intermediate films is 90 mil (2.286).
mm), the laminated glass plates sandwiching the interlayer film are degassed and pre-bonded in a pre-bonding step, and pressure 1 is applied in a pressure vessel such as an autoclave under the same conditions as those for manufacturing ordinary laminated glass plates. A laminated glass was obtained by pressurizing and heating to 0.03 to 1.32 MPa and a temperature of 120 to 145 degrees Celsius for a predetermined time.

The laminated glass thus formed is
According to the CEN standard, it was evaluated by an impact resistance test in which a steel ball was dropped on a plate glass.

Regarding the impact resistance test, the laminated glass of the present invention was fixed in a horizontal position on a steel support frame in accordance with the highest crime prevention class P5A of the CEN standard, and a steel ball with a diameter of 100 mm and a weight of 4.11 kg was raised. The height of the hard sphere was raised to 9 m, and the hard sphere was freely dropped at three predetermined drop positions on the glass plate surface in the horizontal posture, three times each, for a total of nine times.

As a result, the laminated glass of the present invention did not penetrate, although it was cracked by the dropped steel balls.

Further, the amount of peeling between the glass and the interlayer film from the portion cracked by the dropped steel balls was less than 20 cm ^2, and no problem was recognized.

When the peeling amount becomes large, the intermediate film is exposed, and there are many problems in the blade and the organic film which is weak against heat as compared with glass. As a measure of this amount of peeling, one pass criterion is less than about 20 cm ² , although it depends on the shape.

Although there is no such standard for architectural glass, there is a similar standard in the headform test of laminated glass for vehicles, which was used as a reference.

Thus, both the impact resistance test and the amount of peeling passed. [Example 2] A float glass plate 2 having the same plate thickness and dimensions as those in Example 1 was laminated with three layers of interlayer films as in Example 1 and inserted between the glass plates. Second
The film thickness of the intermediate film of the layer is as thick as 90 mil, and the configuration of other intermediate films and the like is the same as that of the embodiment.

First layer intermediate film 3: PVB film having a film thickness of 15 mil and Young's modulus: 50 KPa, second layer intermediate film 4: film thickness of 90 mil, Young's modulus: 30
0 MPa intermediate film (ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer), third intermediate film 3: film thickness 15 mil, Young's modulus: 50
PVB film of KPa The total film thickness of the above three intermediate films is 120 mil (3.04
8 mm), and after degassing and pre-bonding the laminated glass plate in a preliminary bonding step, a pressure of 1.03 to 1 was applied in a pressure vessel such as an autoclave under the same conditions as those for manufacturing a normal laminated glass plate. .32 MPa, temperature 120-degree Celsius
A laminated glass was obtained by applying pressure to 145 degrees for a predetermined time and heating.

The laminated glass of Example 2 also had CE.
According to the N standard, the steel ball was dropped on a plate glass and evaluated by an impact resistance test. As a result, the steel ball was passed without passing through even if it was cracked by the dropped steel ball.

Further, the peeling amount of the glass and the interlayer film from the portion cracked by the dropped steel ball was less than 20 cm ^2, and no problem was recognized. [Comparative Example 1] Between the float glass plates 2 having the same plate thickness and size as in Example 1, with a film thickness of 60 mil (1.524 mm),
The Young's modulus is 300 MPa, and a high Young's modulus intermediate film (ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer) is inserted and arranged between the glass plates.

After degassing and pre-adhering the laminated glass plate in the pre-adhesion step, the laminated glass plate is depressurized in a pressure vessel such as an autoclave under the same conditions as in the embodiment under a predetermined pressure and a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time and heated. And made a laminated glass.

For the laminated glass of Comparative Example 1, CE
According to the N standard, a steel ball was dropped on a plate glass and evaluated by an impact resistance test. As a result, some steel balls were cracked by the dropped steel ball but did not penetrate, but some of them penetrated. Was rejected.

Further, the amount of peeling between the glass and the interlayer film from the portion cracked by the dropped steel balls was 20 cm ² or more, which made the problem obvious. [Comparative Example 2] Between the float glass plates 2 having the same plate thickness and dimensions as in Example 1, with a film thickness of 60 mil (1.524 mm),
A PVB film having a Young's modulus of 50 KPa which is generally used for laminated glass is inserted and arranged between the glass plates.

After degassing and pre-bonding the laminated glass plate in a pre-bonding step, the laminated glass plate was depressurized and heated to a predetermined pressure and a predetermined temperature in a pressure vessel such as an autoclave under the same conditions as in the examples. It was laminated glass.

For the laminated glass of Comparative Example 2, CEN
According to the standard, a steel ball was dropped on a plate glass and evaluated by an impact resistance test. As a result, the dropped steel ball penetrated the PVB film, which is an intermediate film, at the same time as breaking the glass plate and failed. It was

However, the amount of peeling of the glass and PVB film from the portion cracked by the dropped steel ball was 20 cm ^2.
It was within the range, and there was no problem only in peeling, but it was unacceptable as a comprehensive evaluation. [Comparative Example 3] A film thickness of 90 mil (2.286 mm) was provided between the float glass plates 2 having the same plate thickness and dimensions as in Comparative Example 1.
The Young's modulus is 300 MPa, and a high Young's modulus intermediate film (ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer) is inserted and arranged between the glass plates.

After degassing and pre-bonding the laminated glass plate in the pre-bonding step, the laminated glass plate was depressurized and heated to a predetermined pressure and a predetermined temperature under the same conditions as in the examples in a pressure vessel such as an autoclave. It was laminated glass.

For the laminated glass of Comparative Example 3, CE
According to the N standard, the steel ball was dropped on a plate glass and evaluated by an impact resistance test. As a result, the steel ball was passed without passing through even if it was cracked by the dropped steel ball.

However, the peeling amount of the glass and PVB film from the portion cracked by the dropped steel ball was 20 cm ^2.
As described above, the problem became remarkable, and the overall evaluation was unacceptable. [Comparative Example 4] Between the float glass plates 2 having the same plate thickness and dimensions as in Comparative Example 2, a film thickness of 90 mil (2.286 mm),
Young's modulus of 50 KPa is a commonly used P
This is a configuration in which a VB film is inserted and arranged between the glass plates.

After degassing and pre-adhering the laminated glass plate in the pre-adhesion step, the laminated glass plate was depressurized and heated to a predetermined pressure and a predetermined temperature in a pressure vessel such as an autoclave under the same conditions as in the examples. It was laminated glass.

Regarding the laminated glass of Comparative Example 4, CEN
According to the standard, as a result of evaluation by an impact resistance test in which a steel ball is dropped on a plate glass, there are some that penetrate the PVB film, which is an intermediate film, at the same time as the glass plate is cracked by the dropped steel ball, I failed.

However, the amount of the glass and PVB film peeled off from the portion cracked by the dropped steel ball was 20 cm ^2.
It was within the range, and there was no problem in the amount of peeling, but it was unacceptable as a comprehensive evaluation. [Comparative Example 5] A single glass plate having the same size as that of Example 1 and made only of a float glass plate having a plate thickness of 8 mm.

According to the CEN standard, the glass plate was evaluated by an impact resistance test in which a steel ball was dropped onto the plate glass. As a result, the dropped steel ball damaged the glass plate and the penetration of the steel ball was also observed. , Was rejected. [Comparative Example 6] A single plate glass having the same dimensions as in Example 1 and consisting only of meshed plate glass having a plate thickness of 6.8 mm.

According to the CEN standard, the glass plate was evaluated by an impact resistance test in which a steel ball was dropped onto the plate glass. As a result, the dropped steel ball damaged the glass plate and the penetration of the steel ball was also observed. , Was rejected.

[0058]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, when it is used alone, peeling from a glass piece is observed when it is cracked by an impact. Since it is inserted between the glass plates as a multi-layered interlayer film in which interlayer films with low Young's modulus are superposed, it does not penetrate even if the glass plates are cracked by impact compared to conventional laminated glass, and there is almost no peeling. , The impact resistance could be greatly improved.

As a result, the laminated glass of the present invention having excellent impact resistance and peeling resistance is excellent in impact resistance, penetration resistance and peeling resistance even if the glass plate is broken by flying objects. Therefore, there was an effect of showing excellent crime prevention performance.

Further, the present invention can be applied to the field of security glass such as explosion-proof glass and bulletproof glass, which cannot be obtained with a laminated glass using only a conventional PVB film.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a laminated glass of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 High-strength laminated glass 2 glass plates 3 Low Young's modulus interlayer film 4 High Young's modulus interlayer film

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Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An anti-corrosion property, characterized in that two or more kinds of resin intermediate films having different Young's moduli are superposed and inserted between glass plates to be bonded and integrated to improve impact resistance and peeling resistance. Laminated glass with excellent impact and peel resistance. 2. The intermediate film between the two glass plates has a three-layer structure in which an intermediate film having a low Young's modulus is superposed on both front and back surfaces of an intermediate film having a high Young's modulus. A laminated glass having excellent impact resistance and peel resistance as described. 3. The Young's modulus of the low Young's modulus intermediate film is 10 to 100 KPa at room temperature, and the Young's modulus of the high Young's modulus intermediate film is 100 to 500 MPa. A laminated glass excellent in impact resistance and peel resistance as described in 1. 4. The total thickness of the laminated interlayer films is 9
The laminated glass having excellent impact resistance and peeling resistance according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the laminated glass has a thickness of 0 mil (2.286 mm) or more. 5. The low Young's modulus intermediate film comprises a polyvinyl butyral film (PVB).
4. A laminated glass excellent in impact resistance and peel resistance according to any one of items 1 to 4.