JP2003175410A - Chuck mechanism of machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a chuck mechanism of a machine tool, capable of simplifying a set-up process work for chuck, reducing the replacement work time, and improving the production efficiency simultaneously with throughput. <P>SOLUTION: This chuck mechanism includes a plurality of claw parts 1 for gripping/holding a workpiece, and a claw part receiving bed 2 having tapered sliding and fitting parts on a plurality of imaginary radiation lines disposed on plane intersecting perpendicularly to the axis of rotation taking the center of rotation of the chuck body 3 as a base point and at equal angles. The claw part 1 is engaged with the claw part receiving bed 2 having the tapered sliding and fitting part to be slid, engaged and fixed. By this arrangement, the workpiece can be held, a fastening member for fixing the claw part 1 is not needed, and the claw part 1 is freely mounted and demounted. A claw part has a slit structure formed by a tip part 5b freely attached and detached to and from a fixing part 5a and replaceable. One end of the fixing part 5a is formed as a dovetail-like recessed part, and the tip part 5b is engaged with the dovetail-like recessed part to be slid, engaged and fixed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a chuck mechanism for a machine tool such as an ordinary lathe or an NC lathe.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In machine tools, for example, ordinary lathes,
Alternatively, an NC lathe or the like is provided with a so-called chuck mechanism for fixedly gripping / holding a work piece on a main shaft via a tightening adjustment movable member, and grips the work piece with a claw portion to rotate the work piece together with the main shaft for machining. Is customary.

Usually, the number of claws for gripping / holding a workpiece is often three or four, and is classified into an interlocking type and a single-acting type according to the driving method of the claws, and a three-claw scroll chuck, A four-claw single-acting chuck is included.

The three-jaw scroll chuck is generally used for fixing a workpiece having a gripped portion for a cylindrical shape.

[0005]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, however, for example, after the workpiece is chucked, it is held via the tightening adjustment movable member by the action of fluid pressure driving such as hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure. A system that makes the state firm is common, but when replacing the claw part, work to tighten or loosen a predetermined plurality of (at least 6 or more with three claw chucks) fastening bolts. Is indispensable, and setup work for machining the next work, etc.
In the work that requires frequent replacement, the time loss is a serious problem (see Fig. 4).

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a claw pedestal having a tapered sliding / fitting portion is previously attached to the chuck portion and is engaged with the pedestal. The claw with groove with taper can be attached / detached with one touch, or the claw has a split structure and only the tip can be replaced.Furthermore, the claw cradle and the tightening adjustment movable member are integrally molded, In addition to simplifying the work contents in the chuck setup process, the replacement work time has been greatly shortened,
An object of the present invention is to provide a chuck mechanism for a machine tool capable of improving not only processing capacity but also production efficiency.

[0007]

The present invention can solve the above-mentioned problems by providing the following constitutions.

(1) A chuck mechanism having a plurality of claw portions for gripping / holding a workpiece in a machine tool such as a lathe via a tightening adjustment movable member, with reference to the center of rotation of the chuck body. Equipped with a claw pedestal having tapered sliding / fitting parts on a plurality of virtual radiations arranged at equal angles and pitches on a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis, and engages with the claw pedestal And a work piece can be held through the tightening adjustment movable member, and a fastening member for fixing the claw portion is unnecessary. At the same time, a chuck mechanism for machine tools in which the claw portion is configured to be detachable.

(2) In the machine tool chuck mechanism described in (1) above, the claw portion is formed in a groove-shaped concave portion in which the engagement sliding / fitting portion is widened toward the outside from the center of rotation. A chuck mechanism for a machine tool, which comprises a pawl pedestal having a tapered sliding / fitting portion that engages with this dovetail groove-shaped concave portion to form a convex portion that can be slid / fitted.

(3) In the machine tool chuck mechanism described in (1) above, the claw pedestal is united with the tightening adjustment movable member slidably mounted on the chuck body to form an integrally molded product. Chuck mechanism for machine tools.

(4) A chuck mechanism having a plurality of claw portions for gripping / holding a workpiece in a machine tool such as a lathe via a tightening adjustment movable member, with reference to the center of rotation of the chuck body. On a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis and on a plurality of virtual radiations arranged at equal angles and pitches, a fixed portion and a claw portion having a split structure composed of a detachable / replaceable tip portion are provided. A chuck mechanism for a machine tool, wherein one end of the groove is formed in a dovetail groove-shaped recess, and the tip portion is engaged with the dovetail groove-shaped recess to allow sliding, fitting and fixing.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of a chuck mechanism for a machine tool according to the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing the essential structure of a chuck mechanism for machine tools according to the present invention, FIG. 1 (a) is a front view showing a state in which a jaw body is attached to a chuck body, and FIG. 1 (b) is a jaw. Fig. 6 is an explanatory view showing a mounting / dismounting state of the claw part to and from the claw part cradle; FIG. 2E is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line AA, and FIG. 2E is a perspective view showing a mounting state on the chuck body when the claw pedestal is integrally molded with the tightening adjustment movable member, and FIG. 2 is a claw and claw according to the present invention. Exploded perspective view of the cradle, (a) is a view seen from the front side, (b) is a view seen from the back side, FIGS. 3 (a), (b), (c), (d),
(E) is an explanatory view showing an example of a cross-sectional shape of a claw portion with a dovetail groove or other shapes and a claw portion cradle, and FIG. 4 shows a claw portion in another embodiment divided, and a tip portion is removable. Is an explanatory view showing an example of the configuration described above, (a) is a partially cutaway front view, (b)
Is a BB arrow view, (c) is a CC arrow view, (d) is a perspective view seen from above the detachable tip, and FIG. 5 is a configuration example of a conventional chuck mechanism (3 It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of a claw scroll chuck.

Embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In a machine tool such as a lathe, it has a plurality of claw portions 1 for gripping / holding a workpiece (workpiece) via a tightening adjustment movable member 9, and rotates with a center of rotation of a chuck body 3 as a reference. A claw having a dovetail groove engaging convex portion 2a which becomes a tapered sliding / fitting portion having a taper angle θ'on a plurality of virtual rays arranged on a plane orthogonal to the axis and at equal angles and equal pitches The part pedestal 2 is interposed in the tightening adjustment movable member 9 attached to the chuck body 3 by the bolt (fastening member) 4 through the bolt hole 4a, and the claw part pedestal positioning movable member 8 is slidably positionable. The claw portion 1 which has a groove-shaped recess 1a which can be slid, fitted and fixed by being screwed / fixed to the claw portion pedestal 2 having the tapered sliding / fitting portion. This claw portion 1 is provided outward from the rotation center direction, The dovetail groove 1a of the claw portion 1 and the dovetail groove engaging convex portion 2a of the claw portion receiving base 2 are fixed by sliding and fitting, and at the tip of the chuck rotation center direction inside the plurality of claw portions 1. The workpiece can be inserted and held in the formed area having a predetermined diameter.

That is, a fastening member such as a bolt for fixing the claw portion 1 is not necessary, and the claw portion pedestal 2 is provided.
Forms a sliding / fitting portion in a grooved concave portion 1a that widens toward the outside from the center of rotation, and engages with this dovetail groove-shaped concave portion 1a to allow sliding / fitting / fixing. It is provided with a tapered sliding / fitting portion having a groove engaging convex portion 2a, and the pawl portion 1 can slide on the pawl receiving base 2 to slide / fit / fix at a predetermined position. Has become.

It should be noted that, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the claw receiving base 2 is provided with serrated hooking portions 2b, 2b for preventing slippage on the back surface.
Are provided in parallel with each other, and are engaged with the two serrated hooking portions 9a, 9a of the tightening adjustment movable member 9 to adjust the tightening at the time of tightening adjustment after the claw 1 grips the workpiece. It has a function of reliably transmitting the tightening action of the movable member 9 to the claw portion 1.

The operation will be described with reference to the above configuration and the drawings.

First, the chuck body 3 of a machine tool such as a lathe
A predetermined work piece according to the work program
Based on the specifications, a predetermined claw portion 1 is selected according to the chucking size. For example, in the case of a three-jaw scroll chuck, the claw portion cradle 2 corresponding to the selected claw portion 3 is set to three.
Prepared, and the claw pedestal positioning movable member 8 via the tightening adjustment movable member 9 mounted on the chuck body 3
In advance, bolt (fastening member) the three claw receiving bases 2
It is fixed / installed in 4.

Next, the predetermined claw portion 1 is moved outward from the center of rotation of the three-claw chuck (+ y shown in FIG. 1B).
Direction) Slidingly fits into the pawl pedestal 2 and is fixed at a predetermined position, and the predetermined work is performed in the space area formed by the tips of the three pawls 1 set on the chuck rotation center side. An object (workpiece) is inserted / fitted, the tightening adjustment movable member 9 is driven by a fluid pressure operation such as hydraulic pressure / pneumatic pressure, and the claw portion 1 is operated by the sawtooth-like hooking portions 2b and 9a. Hold things firmly.

In this state, the chuck body 3 can be rotated to carry out the processing operation.

When the machining operation is completed, the holding state by the fluid pressure operation can be released and the work piece can be removed. If the next work piece is of a different type, the dimension corresponding to the work piece can be obtained. Of the claw portion 1, or depending on the degree of difference in size, the length dimension of the claw portion 1 may be adjusted to a size corresponding to the size of the workpiece by cutting or the like.
Alternatively, the claw portion 1 may be replaced as desired.

In the above replacement work of the claw portion 1, the claw portion 1 is
By applying a slight impact to the outer edge of the tool toward the center of chuck rotation (-y direction shown in Fig. 1 (b)) using a bare hand or a hammer, the taper groove (θ) with a diverging end is formed on the outside. Due to the structure, it can be easily removed.

As explained above, the work piece
The setup work of the chuck section has been greatly simplified every time, and the time required for the setup process can be greatly shortened while saving labor.

Incidentally, the taper θ and θ ′ of the tapered sliding / fitting portion with which the claw 1 and the claw receiving base 2 are engaged are set to the same angle, and when the workpiece is chucked, it is excessively cut. The angle should be selected appropriately so that it will not come off easily when removed.

In this embodiment, the taper angles θ and θ ′ are
In the case of the dovetail groove shape, it was easy to fit in the range of 3 to 30 degrees, and the result was easy to use.

The cross-sectional shape of this sliding / fitting portion is shown in FIG.
Several types are considered as shown in (a), (b), (c), and (d), and the taper angle (θ,
θ ′) should be selected.

Further, in the invention described in claim 3, as shown in FIGS. 3D and 3E, the groove shape of the sliding / fitting portion is limited to, for example, one kind of dovetail groove shape. By doing so, the claw portion pedestal 2 together with the tightening adjustment movable member 9 and the claw portion pedestal positioning movable member 8 inserted in the chuck body 3,
By combining and forming the integrally molded product 10, it is possible to omit the work of attaching and detaching the claw receiving base 2.
The setup process can be further simplified and the throughput can be increased.
Can improve the production efficiency.

(Other Embodiments) Other embodiments according to claim 4 are shown in FIGS. 4 (a), (b), (c),
This will be described below with reference to (d).

4 (a), (b), (c), and (d), they are arranged on a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis with the center of rotation of the chuck body 3 as a reference, and at equal angles and pitches. A plurality of virtual radiations are provided with a claw portion of a divided structure composed of a fixed portion 5a and a detachable / replaceable tip portion 5b, and the fixed portion 5a is fixed by a bolt 6 through a bolt hole 6a.
One end of the fixed portion 5a is formed into a groove-shaped concave portion that is flared outward from the chuck body 3 side along the rotation axis.
The tip portion 5b is engaged with the dovetail groove-shaped recess so that the tip portion 5b can be slid, fitted and fixed from the outside toward the chuck body 3 side.

The operation will be described with reference to the above configuration and the drawings.

In the case of a work having a relatively small dimensional difference, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a), 4 (b) and 4 (c), the claw portion is fixed to the fixing portion 5a and the tip portion 5b is detachable and replaceable. The fixed portion 5a is previously fixed to the claw receiving base 7 with the bolt 6 through the bolt hole 6a, and the tip portions 5b, 5b ', according to the size of the holding portion of the workpiece, Is selected, and is fixed by sliding and fitting along the rotation axis of the chuck body from the outside toward the chuck body 3 side.

It is desirable that the taper angle θ ″ of the dovetail groove engaging portion be in the same range as in the above-described embodiment.

Further, since the groove portion is provided in the fixing portion 5a, the tip portion 5b of the detachable claw portion can be made small.

Also in this case, the shape of the engaging portion for sliding / fitting / fixing is not limited to the dovetail groove, as in the case of the above-described embodiment.

[0036]

According to the present invention, the claw pedestal having the tapered sliding / fitting portion is previously attached to the chuck portion, and the tapered grooved claw portion which engages with the cradle is one-touched. Can be attached or detached with the claw part, or the claw part has a split structure, only the tip part can be replaced, and furthermore, the claw part cradle and the tightening adjustment movable member are integrally molded products,
The work contents in the setup process can be simplified, the replacement work time can be significantly shortened, and the processing efficiency and the production efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a configuration of essential parts of a chuck mechanism for machine tools according to the present invention, (a) is a front view showing a state in which a claw receiving base is attached to a chuck body, and (b) is a claw of a claw. Explanatory drawing which shows the attachment / detachment situation to a part receiving stand, (c) is AA of (b)
Enlarged cross-sectional view, (d) is an AA enlarged cross-sectional view when the claw pedestal is integrally molded with the tightening adjustment movable member, and (e) is a chuck when the claw pedestal is integrally molded with the tightening adjustment movable member. Perspective view showing the state of attachment to the main body

2A and 2B are exploded perspective explanatory views of a claw portion and a claw portion cradle according to the present invention, FIG. 2A is a front view, and FIG. 2B is a rear view.

3 (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) Explanatory drawing showing an example of a cross-sectional shape of a claw portion with a groove having a dovetail groove or other shape and a claw portion cradle.

4A and 4B are explanatory views showing a configuration example in which a claw portion is divided and a tip portion is detachable in another embodiment, FIG. 4A is a partially cutaway front view, and FIG. 4B is a BB arrow view; (C) is a C-C arrow view, (d) is a perspective view seen from above the removable tip.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration example of a conventional chuck mechanism (an example of a three-jaw scroll chuck).

[Explanation of symbols]

1 claw 1a with groove-shaped recess 2 claw cradle 2a Yes Groove engaging protrusion 2b Serrated hook 3 chuck body 4 bolts (fastening members) 4a bolt hole 5a Fixed part (of split claw) 5b, 5b '(removable) tip 6 bolts (fastening members) 6a Bolt hole 7 claw cradle 8 Claw cradle positioning movable member 9 Tightening adjustment movable member 9a Serrated hook 10 integrally molded products θ, θ ′, θ ″ taper angle

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A workpiece to be machined in a machine tool such as a lathe,
A chuck mechanism having a plurality of claws that are gripped / held via a tightening adjustment movable member, and arranged on a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis with the rotation center of the chuck body as a reference and at equal angles and pitches. A plurality of virtual radiations provided with a claw portion pedestal having a tapered sliding / fitting portion, and a claw portion capable of sliding / fitting / fixing by engaging the claw portion cradle A workpiece can be held via the tightening adjustment movable member, a fastening member for fixing the claw portion is unnecessary, and the claw portion is configured to be detachable. Chuck mechanism for machine tools. 2. The claw portion has an engagement sliding / fitting portion formed in a groove-shaped concave portion that widens toward the outside from the center of rotation, and slides by engaging the groove-shaped concave portion. A chuck mechanism for a machine tool, comprising a tapered slide that forms a protrusion that can be fitted and a claw pedestal that has a fitting portion. 3. The machine tool chuck mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the claw receiving base is united with the tightening adjustment movable member slidably mounted on the chuck body to form an integrally molded product. Characteristic machine tool chuck mechanism. 4. An object to be machined in a machine tool such as a lathe,
A chuck mechanism having a plurality of claws that are gripped / held via a tightening adjustment movable member, and arranged on a plane orthogonal to the rotation axis with the rotation center of the chuck body as a reference and at equal angles and pitches. The plurality of virtual radiations are provided with a claw portion of a divided structure composed of a fixed portion and a detachable / replaceable tip portion, one end of the fixed portion is formed in a groove-shaped concave portion, and the tip portion is A machine tool chuck mechanism characterized by being engaged with a dovetail groove-shaped recess so that it can be slid, fitted, and fixed.