JP2003010969A - Welding method, arc welding torch used therefor, welding material tacking device, and welding device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a welding method capable of simply and surely conducting pretty and fine welding not by a base material, an arc welding torch used therefor, a welding material tacking device, and welding device. SOLUTION: A part of a welding material 2 is welded, and a molten part 4 of a welding part 2 is brought into pross-contact with the base material 3 made of metal to tack the welding material 2 to the base material 3. The welding material 2 tacked to the base material 3 is melted by arc discharge 1 to make principal welding. And the arc welding torch provided with an electrode constituted by the welding material and a nozzle discharging a protective gas to the periphery of the electrode is formed. And the welding material tacking device or welding device provided with such an arc welding torch is formed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a welding method, an arc welding torch used for the welding method, a welding apparatus, and the like. More specifically, the present invention relates to a welding method capable of easily and surely performing fine fine welding regardless of the material of the base material, an arc welding torch used for the welding method, a welding device, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a metal member such as a molding die, a press die, or a jig has a defect such as a scratch or a crack, the metal member having the defect is removed on the spot and transported to a factory. However, in order to minimize the interruption of field work and improve work efficiency, it is required to perform repair work by welding on the spot for minute defects. ing.

Further, conventionally, daily necessities such as golf clubs,
Or, if jewelry or other jewelry made of precious metal has fine scratches, cracks, or other defects, it may be repaired or repaired by brazing, etc. There is a demand for a means that can.

In view of such demands in recent years, the inventors of the present invention, when welding using resistance heat, apply a large current in a pulsed form within an extremely short time, thereby adversely affecting the peripheral portion of the heat. Provided is a welding method capable of easily and surely repairing a fine defect without causing any damage (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5 (1999) -58242).
-261556).

However, this welding method is not suitable for metal members.
Depending on the material of the metal member to be repaired, the secondary electrode is connected, a thin plate-shaped welding material is applied on the repaired portion of the metal member, and the primary electrode is pressed against the welding material to perform welding. In some cases, the molten welding material was attached to the primary electrode side, and welding was sometimes impossible.

That is, in the case of a metal member made of a material having a large thermal diffusivity such as aluminum or copper, even if the electrodes are energized and heated by resistance heat, the temperature of the metallic member does not rise due to thermal diffusion, Since the molten welding material adheres to the electrode that is at a high temperature, there is a problem that welding cannot be performed in practice. In particular, such problems
When repairing the apex part where the three surfaces of the metal member are joined,
It becomes more remarkable when repairing a large metal member.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and is independent of the material of the base material,
An object of the present invention is to provide a welding method capable of simply and reliably performing beautiful fine welding, an arc welding torch and a welding device used therefor.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of earnest research to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor press-welded a partially melted welding material to a base material to temporarily attach the welding material, The inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by melting a welding material temporarily attached to a material by arc discharge and performing main welding, and have completed the welding method of the present invention.

Further, the present inventor has found that the welding method of the present invention can be easily and surely performed by forming the electrode of the torch for arc welding by a welding material, and the torch for arc welding and the welding of the present invention are realized. We have completed the equipment.

That is, according to the present invention, a part of the welding material is melted, the molten part of the welding material is pressed against the base material made of metal, and the welding material is temporarily attached to the base material. There is provided a welding method characterized in that the welding material temporarily attached to is melted by arc discharge and then main welding is performed.

Further, according to the present invention, by the welding material,
By constructing an electrode that performs arc discharge and arc welding the welding material that constitutes the electrode close to the base material made of metal, the tip of the welding material and a part of the surface of the base material are welded and temporarily There is provided a welding method, which is characterized in that a welding material that has been attached and then temporarily attached to a base material is melted by arc discharge and main welding is performed.

In these methods, for example, when the base material is iron, aluminum, copper, magnesium, gold, silver,
It can be applied to a metal made of at least one selected from the group consisting of platinum and zinc, or an alloy, oxide, carbide, or nitride containing at least one of these metals. The material can be preferably applied to a material having a large thermal diffusivity, such as a material made of aluminum, copper, zinc, an alloy thereof, or an oxide thereof.

Further, the welding material is preferably made of the same material as the base material or a fusible metal material, for example,
Consists of a metal consisting of at least one selected from the group consisting of iron, aluminum, copper, magnesium, gold, silver, platinum, and zinc, or an alloy, oxide, carbide, or nitride containing at least one of these metals. I can list things.

In addition, in the method of causing arc discharge by the above-described welding material forming the electrode, the welding material has a diameter of 0.1.
It is preferable that the wire rod has a diameter of 5.0 mm,
It is preferable to have a notch in a part of the side surface at a pitch of 5.0 mm. Further, it is preferable that the height is from 0.1 to 5.0 mm and the base material is temporarily attached.

Further, in the above-described method of arc discharge by the welding material forming the electrode, it is preferable to perform the welding while discharging the inert gas or carbon dioxide gas around the welding material.

Further, according to the present invention, an electrode made of a welding material, the tip of which is melted by an arc discharge between the base materials, and a nozzle for discharging a protective gas to the periphery of the electrode are provided. A torch for arc welding is provided.

In the arc welding torch of the present invention, it is preferable that the electrode made of a welding material is made of the same material or a fusible metal material as the base material to which the electrode is temporarily attached, such as iron and aluminum. , Copper, magnesium,
The metal may be at least one selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, platinum, and zinc, or an alloy, oxide, carbide, or nitride containing at least one of these metals.

Further, in the torch for arc welding of the present invention, the electrode is preferably a wire rod having a diameter of 0.1 to 5.0 mm, with a pitch of 0.1 to 5.0 mm on a part of the side surface. It is preferable to have a notch.

According to the present invention, it is also possible to provide a welding material tacking device and a welding device having such an arc welding torch.

As described above, the welding method of the present invention melts only a part of the welding material, presses the molten portion of the welding material to the base material, and temporarily attaches the welding material. The welding material temporarily attached to the base material is main-welded by the arc discharge in a state where the electrode and the welding material are isolated, so that the welding material does not adhere to the electrode and does not depend on the base material. , Can be welded. Therefore, the conventional welding method can be applied to a base material having a large heat diffusion property such as aluminum and copper, which are difficult to weld.

In addition, in the welding method of the present invention, the welding material that is only partially melted is pressed against the base material for temporary attachment, so that the welding material can be easily and surely pinpointed to the desired welded portion. It is possible to fix with, and it is possible to perform welding with extremely high finishability with the minimum welding material. Moreover, according to the size of the welded portion, as a welding material, by appropriately selecting a relatively large welding material from a welding wire having a small diameter,
It can be easily applied from repairing extremely fine defects to repairing relatively large defects. Therefore, not only can dies be easily repaired on-site, but it is also easy to apply to the defects of daily necessities such as golf clubs and jewelry that were conventionally repaired and repaired by brazing. You can

Further, the arc welding torch, the welding material tacking device, and the welding device of the present invention are made of a welding material, and have an electrode that melts the tip portion by arc discharge between the base materials. The welding method of the invention can be performed easily and reliably.

[0023]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
A specific description will be given with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a process drawing schematically showing one embodiment of the welding method of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the welding method of the present invention, first, a part of the weld material 2 is melted, and then the melted part 4 of the weld material 2 is pressed against the base material 3 made of metal. The welding material 2 is temporarily attached to the base material 3.

In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the method of melting a part of the welding material 2, for example, a method of melting by utilizing frictional heat between the welding material and the base material, or a method of melting by arc discharge. Etc. can be mentioned.

Among them, as shown in FIG. 1, the electrode 7 is made of the welding material 2 and the electrode 7 made of this welding material 2 is used.
It is preferable that the arc discharge 1 is performed in the vicinity of the base material 3 made of metal. According to this method, it is possible to temporarily attach the molten tip portion 4 of the welding material 2 to the base material 3 regardless of the material of the base material 3 simply by pressing it against the base material 3. It is possible to easily and surely temporarily attach even a relatively large welding material 2 to a pinpoint. Hereinafter, this method will be described in detail.

First, in this method, it is preferable to wash the welding site 9 with acetone or the like in advance in order to remove oil, dust and the like from the welding site 9 of the base metal 3 before performing the arc discharge 1. .

In this method, the electrode 7 made of the welding material 2 is attached to the base material 3 made of metal by 0.3 to 0.7 mm.
It is preferable to perform the arc discharge 1 in close proximity to each other.

Further, the welding material 2 in this method may be of an appropriate size depending on the size of the defective portion 10 of the base material 3 to be welded. For example, this method is preferably used. In the case of fine welding capable of forming a wire, it is preferable to use a wire rod having a diameter of 0.1 to 5.0 mm.

Further, as the welding material 2 used in this method, a base material 3 described later is used in order to strengthen the welded portion.
And preferably made of the same material or a fusible metal material, for example, iron, aluminum, copper, magnesium,
The metal may be at least one selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, platinum, and zinc, or an alloy, oxide, carbide, or nitride containing at least one of these metals.

Further, in order to suppress the deterioration of the welding material 2 and the base material 3, a protective gas 5 made of an inert gas such as argon gas or helium gas, or carbon dioxide gas is supplied at a flow rate of 2 liter / min or more. Then, it is preferable to perform the arc discharge 1 while discharging it around the electrode 7 made of the welding material 2.

Further, the arc discharge 1 is preferably performed with an appropriate current according to the size of the welding material 2 to be temporarily attached and the material of the base material 3, for example, a welding material of 0.1 to 5.0 mm. In the case of No. 2, it is preferable to carry out with a current of 5 to 3000A. In addition, the arc discharge 1 can suppress the heat generation amount of the whole, and can reduce the heat influence on the base material 3.
It is preferable to perform pulse discharge in a short time of up to 2000 msec.

In this method, the tip portion 4 of the molten welding material 2 and a part 6 of the surface of the base material 3 are welded and temporarily attached by arc discharge 1. Thereby, the fine defect portion 10
Even in this case, the welding material 2 can be fixed to the pinpoint accurately in accordance with the position.

The welding is performed by, for example, arc discharge 1.
When the tip 4 of the welding material 2 and the part 6 of the surface of the base material 3 are melted, the melted electrode tip 4 can be immediately pressed to the melting part 6 on the surface of the base material.

Further, in this method, it is preferable that the welding material 2 temporarily attached to the base material 3 by the arc discharge 1 is cut or removed with a cutter or the like at a predetermined height and left on the base material side.

At this time, the welding material 2 may be left at an appropriate height according to the size of the defective portion 10 of the base material 3 to be welded. In some cases, at the time of main welding to be described later, it is preferable to leave the metal at a height of 0.1 to 5.0 mm so that welding can be performed by energizing for a short time.

Further, the welding material 2 is preliminarily cut into a part of the side surface at a desired pitch so that it can be easily cut to a desired length when the welding material 2 is left at a desired height by cutting. It is preferable to provide 12. At this time, in the case of the fine welding described above, it is preferable to provide the notches 12 at a pitch of 0.1 to 5.0 mm.

Next, the process of main welding in the welding method of the present invention will be described. The step of the main welding in the present invention is performed by melting the welding material 2 temporarily attached to the base material 3 by the arc discharge 1. As a result, the welding material 2 is melted in a state where the electrode 7 and the welding material 2 are separated from each other, so that the welding material 2 does not adhere to the electrode 7 and welding can be performed regardless of the material of the base material 3. it can.

In the welding method of the present invention, in order to suppress the deterioration of the welding material 2 and the base material 3, 2 liters of an inert gas such as argon gas or helium gas, or a protective gas 5 composed of carbon dioxide gas is used. It is preferable that the arc discharge 1 is performed while being discharged to the welding material 2 on the base material 3 at a flow rate of not less than / minute.

Further, the arc discharge 1 is performed with an appropriate current according to the size of the welding material 2 so that the welding material 2 is completely melted but the base material 3 is not adversely affected by overheating while being completely melted. Preferably, for example, the diameter is 0.1-5.
When the 0 mm welding material 2 is left at a height of 0.1 to 5.0 mm, it is preferable to perform the current at 5 to 6000 A. Furthermore, the arc discharge 1 suppresses the total heat generation,
It is preferable to perform the pulse discharge in a short time of 1 to 4000 msec from the viewpoint that the influence of heat on the base material 3 such as alteration can be reduced.

Further, the electrode 7 used in the main welding is preferably one that does not melt by arc discharge, and is preferably made of, for example, tungsten or a tungsten alloy.

According to the present invention, as described above, the welding material 2 of which only a part is melted is pressure-contacted to the base material 3 and is temporarily attached, and the welding material 2 temporarily attached is connected to the electrode 7 by the arc discharge 1. Since the welding is performed in a state where the welding material 2 and the welding material 2 are isolated from each other, the material of the base material 3 is not particularly limited, and for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of iron, aluminum, copper, magnesium, gold, silver, platinum, and zinc. It can be applied to a metal composed of one kind, or an alloy, an oxide, a carbide, or a nitride containing at least one kind of these metals, and in particular, the base material 3 is aluminum, copper, lead, or It can be preferably applied to those having a large thermal diffusivity, such as those made of these alloys or oxides.

Next, the arc welding torch of the present invention used in such a welding method will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the arc welding 11 according to the present invention includes an electrode 7 made of the welding material 2 and a nozzle for discharging the protective gas 5 around the electrode 7. According to the arc welding torch 11, the tip 4 of the electrode 7 melted by the arc discharge between the electrode 7 and the base material is simply brought into pressure contact with the base material 3 regardless of the material of the base material 3. Can be temporarily attached, and moreover, the fine welding material 2 to the relatively large welding material 2 can be easily and surely temporarily attached to the pinpoint.

In the arc welding torch 11 of the present invention, the electrode 7 formed of the welding material 2 is made of the same material or easily fused with the base material to which the electrode 7 is temporarily attached so that the welded portion becomes strong. It is preferable to be composed of a metal material having a conductive property, for example, at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron, aluminum, copper, magnesium, gold, silver, platinum, and zinc, or at least these metals. Examples include alloys containing one kind, oxides, carbides, and nitrides.

Further, the electrode 7 may be of an appropriate size depending on the size of the defective portion of the base material to be welded. For example, the arc welding torch 11 is particularly preferably applicable. In the case of certain fine welding, the diameter is 0.1
It is preferable to use a wire rod of 5.0 mm.

It should be noted that the arc welding torch 11 of the present invention is used.
The electrode 7 in FIG. 1 is temporarily attached to the base material by arc discharge, and then cut or removed, for example, so that a part of the electrode applied as the welding material remains in the base material. It is preferable to previously provide the notches 12 on a part of the side surface at a predetermined pitch so that the cutting can be performed. Further, at that time, the notches 12 may be provided at an appropriate pitch according to the size of the defective portion of the base material to be welded. For example, the arc welding torch 11 can be used finely. In the case of welding, at the time of main welding, 0.1 to 0.1% so that welding can be performed by energizing for a short time.
It is preferable to provide them at a pitch of 5.0 mm.

Next, such an arc welding torch 1
The welding material tacking device and the welding device of the present invention having No. 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, as the welding material tacking device (not shown) and the welding device 21 of the present invention, the arc welding torch 11 of the present invention described above and the electrode 7 of the arc welding torch 11 are electrically connected. Power supply 22
Similarly, a gas source communicating with the nozzle 13 for discharging the protective gas that the arc welding torch 11 has (FIG. 3 shows an example in which the gas source is not provided as an external gas source in the apparatus).
Can be mentioned.

As the welding device 21 of the present invention, in addition to the arc welding torch 11 of the present invention described above, an electrode 17 made of tungsten or a tungsten alloy and a nozzle 23 for discharging a protective gas around the electrode 17 are provided. The arc torch 14 may further be provided, or the arc torch for arc welding and the arc torch for arc welding of the present invention described above may be replaced (not shown).

As a power supply used in the welding material tacking device of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, an AC / DC converter 31, a discharge time control unit 33, and a current control unit 32 are provided. Can be mentioned. In addition to the power source used in the welding material tacking device of the present invention, the power source used in the welding device of the present invention includes a power unit 34 as shown in FIG.
And a discharge time control unit 33 and a current control unit 32.

However, in the welding material tacking device and the welding device of the present invention, the power source may be an external power source and may not be provided in the apparatus. As for the gas source, as shown in FIG. 3, the protective gas is supplied from the external gas source to the protective gas inlet 1.
The gas source may be introduced via 5 and the gas source may not be provided in the apparatus. In addition, even when a gas source is provided in the device,
The gas source may be arranged by a commonly used method.

The setting conditions of the welding material tacking device and each part of the welding device are the same as those described in the welding method of the present invention described above, and the description thereof is omitted here.

[0052]

As described above, according to the present invention, regardless of the material of the base material, fine welding can be easily and surely performed, and a metal such as a molding die, a press die, a jig or the like. Welding methods that can be suitably applied not only to members, but also to daily necessities such as golf clubs and jewelry made of precious metals,
Further, it is possible to provide an arc welding torch, a welding material tacking device, and a welding device used therefor.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process chart schematically showing one embodiment of a welding method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view schematically showing one embodiment of the arc welding torch of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an overall view schematically showing one embodiment of the welding device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram schematically showing an example of a power source used in the welding material tacking device of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram schematically showing an example of a power source used in the welding device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Arc discharge, 2 ... Welding material (electrode), 3 ... Base material, 4 ...
Tip part (melting part) of welding material (arc electrode), 5 ... Protective gas, 6 ... Part of surface of base material (melting part), 7 ... Electrode (tungsten electrode), 9 ... Welding site, 10 ... Defect part , 11 ...
Arc welding torch, 12 ... notch, 13 ... nozzle,
14 ... Torch for arc welding (tungsten electrode), 15
... protective gas inlet, 17 ... electrode (tungsten electrode),
21 ... Welding device, 22 ... Power supply, 23 ... Nozzle, 31 ... A
C / DC converter, 32 ... Current control section, 33 ... Discharge time control section, 34 ... Power section.

Claims (16)

[Claims] 1. A part of the welding material is melted, the molten part of the welding material is pressed against a base material made of metal, the welding material is temporarily attached to the base material, and the provisional material is temporarily attached to the base material. A welding method, characterized in that the applied welding material is melted by arc discharge and main welding is performed. 2. A welding material is used to form an electrode for performing arc discharge, and the welding material forming the electrode is arc-discharged in the vicinity of a base material made of metal, thereby forming a tip portion of the welding material. A welding method, characterized in that a part of the surface of the base material is welded and temporarily attached, the welding material temporarily attached to the base material is melted by arc discharge, and main welding is performed. 3. The metal, wherein the base material is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron, aluminum, copper, magnesium, gold, silver, platinum, and zinc, or an alloy containing at least one of these metals, The welding method according to claim 1, which is made of an oxide, a carbide, or a nitride. 4. The welding method according to claim 1, wherein the welding material is made of the same material as the base material or a fusible metal material. 5. The metal comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of iron, aluminum, copper, magnesium, gold, silver, platinum and zinc, or an alloy containing at least one of these metals. The welding method according to claim 4, comprising an oxide, a carbide, or a nitride. 6. The welding method according to claim 2, wherein the welding material is a wire having a diameter of 0.1 to 5.0 mm. 7. The welding method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the welding material has a notch in a part of a side surface at a pitch of 0.1 to 5.0 mm. 8. The height of the welding material is 0.1 to 5.0 mm.
The welding method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, which is temporarily attached to the base material. 9. The welding method according to claim 2, wherein welding is performed by the arc discharge while discharging an inert gas or carbon dioxide gas around the welding material. 10. An arc welding torch comprising an electrode made of a welding material and a nozzle for discharging a protective gas around the electrode. 11. The torch for arc welding according to claim 10, wherein the electrode is made of the same material or a fusible metal material, and a base material on which a welding material forming the electrode is temporarily attached. 12. The electrode comprises a metal comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of iron, aluminum, copper, magnesium, gold, silver, platinum and zinc, an alloy containing at least one of these metals, and an oxide. The arc welding torch according to claim 10 or 11, which is made of a metal, a carbide, or a nitride. 13. The torch for arc welding according to claim 10, wherein the electrode is a wire rod having a diameter of 0.1 to 5.0 mm. 14. The electrode according to claim 10, wherein the electrode has a notch at a pitch of 0.1 to 5.0 mm and a part of a side surface thereof.
The arc welding torch according to any one of 1. 15. A welding material tacking device having the torch for arc welding according to claim 10. Description: 16. A welding device having the torch for arc welding according to claim 10. Description: