JP2003002438A - Waste disposal system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve problems of a disposal framework set in Home Appliance Recycling Law in which details are entrusted to crushing and processing dealers. SOLUTION: In this waste disposal system for crushing and processing of wastes through processes of customers, stores, collection and transportation, designated acceptance places, crushing and processing plants, etc., a manifest slip issued by the store, for example, for accepting a specified home appliance is provided to display at least a manifest number of a subject item to disposal, a product name, a manufacturer name, and a type name. It is attached to a recovered product, the recovered product is carried to the designated acceptance place and the crushing and processing plant, so that processing efficiency in reproducing processes is improved. In processing in mass quantity, processing weight of wastes before processing can be correctly grasped for each manufacturer. By displaying the manifest number, the product name, the manufacturer name, and the type name by bar codes, reading error for the manufacturer name and the type name can be eliminated in processing processes.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste treatment system for products, such as waste for specified household appliances, which are obliged to be treated according to the law.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The Specified Household Appliance Recycling Law (hereinafter referred to as the Home Appliance Recycling Law) was enacted at the Diet on March 29, 1998, and was promulgated on June 5. Machinery and appliances (specified household appliances) covered by this law are the Cabinet Order No. 378 of November 27, 1998.
The following four items are defined by the issue, but there is a possibility that they will gradually increase. The following four items are listed below: Unit type air conditioner (limited to wind type air conditioner or separate type air conditioner whose indoor unit is wall-mounted or floor-standing type) Television receiver (only CRT type) Electric refrigerator Electric washing machine.

FIG. 9 shows the recent discharge status of four items.
In addition, FIG. 7 shows a processing flow of these specific household appliances.

First, in FIG. 7, that is, 80% of specified household appliances are collected in stores and the like, and 20% are collected by municipalities in municipalities, and about half are crushed in processing facilities and processing facilities of municipalities in municipalities. After the metal is recovered, it is landfilled as shredder dust, and the other half is currently landfilled.

[0005] In order to solve the situation where the ever-increasing amount of waste and the tightness of landfills are putting pressure on the living environment and hindering the effective use of recycled resources, household appliances are targeted at some of the first-class designated products. The recycling law was enacted. The Home Appliance Recycling Law is positioned as a special law of the Law Concerning Promotion of Utilization of Recycled Resources and the Law Concerning Waste Treatment and Cleaning.

The purpose of the law and concrete measures are to conserve the living environment by ensuring proper treatment of waste and effective use of resources through reduction of waste and full use of recycled resources. And to contribute to the sound development of the national economy.

[0007] Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, the store is obligated to collect and transport the specified household appliance waste, and the manufacturer is obliged to recycle the product and install a designated collection place. The burden of such costs will be borne by the discharger (the discharger or the business operator), and the specific measures will be taken for proper and smooth collection / transportation and recycling.

On the other hand, according to the Home Appliance Recycling Law,
There is an offer from the emitter to pick up specific household equipment,
If it's something you've sold before or you want to buy a new product, you're obliged to pick it up. Of course, there will be a charge at this time.

Further, the store must carry the product to a designated collection place designated by the manufacturer and deliver it to the manufacturer or the like. Manufacturers, etc. are obliged to carry the products from the designated collection place to the place where they are recycled, and to carry out the recycling beyond the standards specified in the Cabinet Order.

The "recycling standard, etc." is a standard determined for each item by the ratio of the total amount of remanufactured parts / materials to the total weight of the reconditioned commercial household appliances. , 60%, 55%, 50%, and 50%, respectively, for unit type air conditioners, television receivers, electric refrigerators, and electric washing machines.

This flow is shown in FIG. The "management slip (manifest)" in Fig. 8 is issued by the person who collects and gives a copy to the discharger, and the main body of the management slip is the manufacturer etc. at the designated collection place (not shown) together with the specified household equipment. In addition to receiving the waste, the manufacturer fills in the necessary items and keeps a copy, and the main body is circulated to the dealer, and the dealer and the manufacturer respond to the inspection or inquiry by the discharger. It is said that it will be used for a system that ensures collection and transportation.

However, in the above framework, the following points are not specified.

[0013] A retail store of equipment for collecting and transporting or a major store sells a manifest. What kind of manifest is used effectively in the process of re-commercialization shown in FIG. It does not mention that.

For example, if a manifest without a model name were issued, the accuracy of the material composition ratio would decrease.

If the manifest is not bar-coded in some cases, misreading is likely to occur in the checking process such as the collecting and transporting process and the crushing process.

When processing one by one, the crushing contractor handles the waste and the manifest in a one-to-one correspondence. For example, refer to the specification name plate of the electric refrigerator, and discharge the data during processing. It was good to return it to the other people, but when trying to crush a large amount of waste products, it was impossible to know the crushing amount separately for each manufacturer and model name.

Therefore, it was not possible to grasp from what product and how much the iron or copper, which became the material for recycling, which came out after the crushing process was produced.

To explain this further in detail,
For example, large, medium and small electric refrigerators (total weight
150 kg) one by one, metal 70 kg, resin 80 kg
Even if they do come out, there is no way to know how many kg of metal or resin from any of the large, medium and small electric refrigerators.

In other words, it is impossible to accurately grasp the number set in the standard such as the recycling of goods, for example, 50% for the electric refrigerator and 50% for the electric washing machine.

[0020]

As described above, the processing framework determined by the Home Appliance Recycling Law is roughly determined, but the details are left to each processing company (crushing processing company). is there.

Since no means for accurately grasping the weight of waste before treatment by each manufacturer at the time of mass disposal by this specialist for crushing has been proposed, it is inconvenient when calculating the recycling rate of individual products after treatment. .

Further, no proposal has been made for preventing misreading of the manifest number, product name, maker name, etc. in the checking process in the transportation process, crushing process and the like.

[0023]

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems.

That is, in a waste treatment system for crushing waste through a process such as a customer, a store, a collection / transportation, a designated collection place, a crushing treatment site, etc. At least the manifest number, product name, maker name and model name of the waste are displayed on the manifest slip issued by the company, affixed to the collected product, sent the collected product to the designated collection place, crushing site, and in the recycling process. In addition to improving the processing efficiency, the processing weight of the unprocessed waste can be accurately grasped by each manufacturer even in the case of large-scale processing.

Further, at least the manifest number, the product name, the manufacturer name and the model name are displayed by the bar code so that at least the misreading of the manifest number, the product name, the manufacturer name and the model name can be eliminated in the process. It was done.

Further, since a reading device capable of reading at least the manifest number, the product name, the manufacturer name and the model name displayed on the manifest slip is installed in each process, at least the manifest is directly provided. The number and product name can be read without fail. In other words, at this time, it is not necessary to use a barcode or the like.

[0027]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The details of the present invention will be described below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall flow of a waste treatment system provided with the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram summarizing block diagram of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing movement of a manifest slip in a shredding plant. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a flow for explaining in detail, FIG.
Is a manifest slip used in the present invention,
At least the manifest number, the product name, the manufacturer name, and the model name are written on this slip, and it also has a bar coded display of these information.

FIG. 5 is a table of material weight composition ratios by model of each company used in calculating the recovery rate.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram for explaining the inside of the crushing processing site in FIG. 3 in detail.

FIG. 1 shows the flow of waste based on the Home Appliance Recycling Law enacted in March 1998. Reference numeral 1 indicates home appliances purchased in ordinary homes, such as electric refrigerators and television receivers. Show.

Reference numeral 2 denotes, for example, a truck in which an electric refrigerator, a television receiver or the like, which is a connection destination between a general home and a store, is taken from the general home by the store. The store temporarily stores the take-back electric refrigerator and the television receiver until they are accumulated to some extent.

At a place where electric refrigerators and television receivers have been collected to some extent, each store or a collection and transportation company uses a specific home device temporarily stored by the store at a designated collection place, for example, truck 3. And then carry it.

Specified household appliances carried to the designated collection place are stored until requested by the crushing processing site. Of course,
It is also transported between the designated collection place and the crushing treatment site by the truck 4 or the like as shown in the figure.

The movement between the designated collection place and the crushing treatment site may be sent to the designated collection place irrespective of the convenience of the crushing treatment plant in addition to the flow described above.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the flow from the customer to the crushing plant of the flow of the specific household equipment described above.

As shown in FIG. 2, the distributor is obliged to issue a manifest slip when it is picked up by a customer, as described in the conventional example.
The present invention describes the contents of the manifest slip issued by this store, and uses the contents of this slip to
It is something that allows the contractor involved in the crushing process to work confidently and efficiently.

That is, the manifest slip issued by this store has the contents shown in FIG. 4 in the case of the present invention.

The manifest slip shown in FIG. 4 has columns for entering the manifest number, product name, maker name, and model name. For example, the product name is an electric refrigerator, the maker name is Company A, and the model name is
In addition to filling in as A1, the above manifest number, product name, manufacturer name, and model name are also bar coded. At this time, the barcode and manifest number, product name,
The manufacturer name and model name are coded and a comparison table is prepared as a table.

This manifest slip is spelled out from 6 to 7 sheets, and is stored at the mark ● shown in FIG.

In other words, a customer, a store, or the like who has a manifest slip can confirm the processing status at the processing site by the manifest number. Further, when managing this barcode entry slip with a personal computer or the like, a trader from a store to a crusher can enter the barcode, which facilitates the entry.

A place where this bar code is particularly effective is a crushing treatment plant. In other words, when accepting specific household appliances brought to the crushing plant, check the manifest number, maker name, and product name on the manifest slip, temporarily store them in the storage location, and put in the line for crushing treatment. Wait for

When the time of line introduction comes, the manifest number, maker name, product name, and model name of the manifest slip attached to the specific household appliance are important keywords in the relationship of the recycling rate described later. In the case of this slip, whether it is accepted or not, it is instant if the person in charge reads the bar code attached to the previous slip without checking the manufacturer name and product name or model name by the person in charge. Then, those keywords with no mistake can be read.

Next, the flow in the crushing plant and the flow of the manifest slip will be described with reference to FIG.

The crushing plant can be roughly divided into 5 stages. At stage 1, the specified household appliances that have been brought in from each designated collection location are unloaded, the contents of the manifest slip (product name, number of members) are checked, and the manifest number, product name, and maker name are read using a barcode reader. Etc. are input to the personal computer etc. that the crushing plant has.

The stage 2 is a place for temporarily storing the specific household appliances sent from the stage 1.

Stage 3 shows a place to wait for line entry. Here, the manifest number, the product name, and the manufacturer name of the specific household equipment to be loaded on the stage 4 described later are input from the barcode to the personal computer through the barcode reader, and the weight of each specific household equipment is measured separately. The weight is measured, and the weight is associated with the manufacturer name, the product name, and the model name and input to the personal computer.

The stage 4 is a plant for crushing specific household appliances, and is a place where the introduced specific household appliances are divided into materials (for example, iron, resin, non-ferrous).

The stage 5 is a place where the discharged substances divided in the stage 4 are delivered to a recycling company or a disposal company. In this stage 5, the discharged weight is measured. This measured weight is input to a personal computer installed at the discharge site. In the crushing process of this series of specified household appliances, the crushing plant performs the following. 1. Extract valuables from specified household appliances. 2. Volume reduction at the time of disposal (landfill) of specified household equipment. 3. Recovery of specific chemical substances (eg refrigerant CFCs). The manifest slip is for certifying that the above-mentioned processing has been performed without fail at the certified processing site, and the last spelling is stored in the crushing processing site where the above processing has been performed.

FIG. 5 is a table showing the weights of materials of each company's product by model. The way to read this table is, for example, the material weight of the electric refrigerator model name A1 of company A is iron, resin,
It is supposed to be composed of. The weight at this time is
It is registered by each company in advance and corresponds to the design value.

Therefore, when the electric refrigerators A1, A2, and A3 of Company A are put into the stage 4 of FIG. 3 at the same time, iron is (A1 iron + A2 iron + A3 iron), but resin is (A1 tree + A2 tree + A3 tree). ), Non-ferrous (A1 non + A2 non + A3 non) would ideally appear on stage 5, but because of the efficiency of the equipment, the weight multiplied by a certain factor actually appears. Will come.

The electric refrigerator 50%, the unit type air conditioner conditioner 60%, the television receiver 55%, and the electric washing machine 50%, which are specified by the Home Appliance Recycling Law and are shown in the standards for recycling, are It refers to the numbers measured on stage 5.

Therefore, the maker of the above product needs to determine the material by observing the collection efficiency of the treatment plant.
It becomes necessary to choose an efficient treatment plant.

In other words, in order to protect the recycling rate of the electric refrigerator of 50%, each electric refrigerator maker needs to consider the efficiency of the treatment plant.

Next, with reference to FIG. 6, work contents of stage 6 will be described, particularly regarding a method of confirming the recycling rate of a specific household appliance.

In the figure, the specific household equipment is stage 5
When I arrived at Stage 5, as I explained earlier,
For example, the iron, resin, and non-ferrous weight of the model name A1 of the electric refrigerator of Company A is measured. It is confirmed whether or not this measurement result matches the type-specific material weight table of each company's product shown in FIG. Of course, there is a case where the efficiency of the processor does not match the table, but this part is collated by a number multiplied by the efficiency coefficient of the processor.

Next, referring to FIG. 6, a method for confirming the re-commercialization rate of the specified household appliance will be described.

In the figure, since the stages 1 to 5 are the same as the flow described above, the description thereof will be omitted.

Stage 6 is a place where the estimated total discharge weight for each material is calculated from the actual total discharge weight for each product for each product. In this stage 6, of course, the material composition ratio of the product is registered in advance in the database by manufacturer and product category (6-1). Then, in (6-2), the estimated total discharge weight for each material is calculated from the material composition ratio and the input weight. Then, in (6-3), the weight measured in stage 5 and (6-
Calculate the discharge weight by material for each product using the ratio of the values calculated in 2).

In stage 7, the number of products processed, the weight, the discharged weight for each material, etc. are collected for each manufacturer and product, and reported to each manufacturer.

The crushing treatment site carries out a series of operations of these stages 1 to 7.

As described above, this waste treatment system is constructed.

In this, the flow of the manifest slip becomes very important. That is, the manifest slip issued by the store is utilized at various places along the series of flow of the specific home appliance. For example, at the designated collection place, if there are some categories in the product, it is necessary to know the model name in addition to the maker name. Further, at the crushing plant, the model name is necessary for more accurate calculation of the recycling rate.

At this time, the model name written on the slip is utilized as follows. That is, it is necessary for more accurate calculation of the recycling rate. Also, if there are product classifications, it is necessary for all processes.

By installing a reading device (bar code reader or the like) capable of reading the above-mentioned slip in each process, the input work and the like will be further improved.

[0066]

In this system, the flow of manifest slips is very important. That is, the manifest slip issued by the store is utilized at various places along the series of flow of the specific home appliance. For example, at the designated collection place, if there are some categories in the product, it is necessary to know the model name in addition to the maker name. Further, at the crushing plant, the model name is necessary for more accurate calculation of the recycling rate.

At this time, the model name written on the slip is utilized as follows. That is, it is necessary for more accurate calculation of the recycling rate. Also, if there are product classifications, it is necessary for all processes.

It should be noted that by installing a reading device (bar code reader or the like) capable of reading the above-mentioned slip in each process, the input work and the like will be further improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall flow of a waste treatment system provided with the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of FIG. 1 summarized.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a flow for explaining the inside of the crushing treatment plant in detail.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a manifest slip used in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a material weight table for each model of each company used when calculating a recovery rate defined by the Home Appliance Recycling Law.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram for explaining the inside of the crushing processing site in FIG. 2 in detail.

[FIG. 7] A diagram showing “Current home appliance processing flow” in November 1999 by the Ministry of Health and Welfare and Ministry of International Trade and Industry.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a scheme of the Home Appliance Recycling Law (cited from the Ministry of Health and Welfare and Ministry of International Trade and Industry data).

[Fig. 9] A chart showing "Trends in the Number of Emissions of Main Used Home Appliances", a 1997 survey by the Ministry of International Trade and Industry.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Home appliances, 2 ... Trucks, 3 ... Trucks, 4 ... Trucks.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) G06F 17/60 124 B09B 5/00 Z

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A waste treatment system for crushing waste through each process of a customer, a store, a collection and transportation, a designated collection place, a crushing treatment site, etc. Issued when a specific household device is received from a customer At least the model number in addition to the manifest number, product name, and manufacturer name of the waste is displayed on the manifest slip, and it is pasted on the collected product, and the collected product is sent to the designated collection place or crushing site for processing. A waste treatment system characterized in that 2. At least a manifest number, a product name,
The waste treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the maker name and the model name are displayed by a bar code. 3. A reading device capable of reading at least a manifest number, a product name, a maker name, and a model name displayed on a manifest slip is installed in each step. Waste treatment system.