JP2003048152A - Recessed spherical face machining device by ultrasonic wave and method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a recessed spherical face machining device capable of suppressing eccentric wear of a spherical tool and eccentricity of a recessed spherical face when machining a spherical face of a concave lens having a deep spherical segment and supplying and discharging a working fluid smoothly to improve machining quality and machining efficiency. SOLUTION: This recessed spherical face machining device has the spherical tool 2 made of a magnetic substance for machining the recessed spherical face of the lens 1, a horn 3 transmitting ultrasonic wave vibration generated from an ultrasonic wave generator 4 to the spherical tool 2 while holding the spherical tool 2 so as to roll, a pressing cylinder 11 bringing the spherical tool 2 into contact with the lens 1, a working fluid supply device 6 for supplying the working fluid 5 in which abrasive grains are dispersed to a contact position of the spherical tool 2 and the lens 1, a plurality of electromagnets 7 facing outer periphery of the spherical tool 2 in radial arrangement, and an electromagnet controller 8 for making a rotating and displacing magnetic attraction force act for the spherical tool 2 due to switching of magnetic pole by controlling electrical conductivity to the electromagnets 7 to rotate the spherical tool 2 in the direction of arrangement face of the electromagnets 7 at the contact position of the spherical tool 2 with the lens 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a concave spherical surface processing apparatus and a concave spherical surface processing method for processing a lens into a concave spherical surface using ultrasonic waves.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a prior art relating to a processing apparatus and a processing method used for spherically processing a lens, the technology disclosed in the spherical surface creation processing apparatus and processing method of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-333702 is known. There is. The outline of the spherical surface generating / processing apparatus of the publication will be described with reference to FIGS. 10, 11 and 12.

In FIG. 10, the tool shaft portion 140 on the machining side is upward, and the work shaft portion 141 on the machining side.
Is located below. The tool shaft 140 can move up and down along a guide 121 attached to the top of a gantry (not shown), and this movement is fixed at a fixed position.

The tool shaft 140 is fixed to the ultrasonic transmitter 101 whose output is controlled by the controller 120, the shaft 102 integrally provided at the lower end of the ultrasonic transmitter 101, and the lower end of the shaft 102. The spherical tool 104 made of steel balls is attached to the lower end of the horn 103.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view showing a mounting portion of the spherical tool 104 in the horn 103, and a dent-shaped holding portion having the same shape and curvature as the spherical tool 104 is provided at a lower end portion of the horn 103. 103a is formed, and the spherical tool 104 is held in a rollable state by inserting the spherical tool 104 into the holding portion 103a.

The horn 103 is formed in a tapered outer shape that tapers toward the lens 105 which is the workpiece. Therefore, the ultrasonic wave can be amplified from the ultrasonic wave transmitter 101 and transmitted to the spherical tool 104. Further, since the holding portion 103a has the same shape and curvature as the spherical tool 104, the center of curvature of the spherical tool 104 and the axial center of the horn 103 coincide with each other, which enables accurate machining.

The work shaft portion 141 has a mounting table 106 to which a lens 105, which is a workpiece, is fixed by adhesion, and a cylinder 107 which supports the mounting table 106 so as to be vertically movable. The cylinder 107 functions as a pressurizing unit that presses the mounting table 106 in a state where the spherical tool 104 and the lens 105 are in contact with each other and applies a load toward the tool shaft portion 140.

A dial gauge 108 is in contact with the upper surface of the mounting table 106 to measure the amount of vertical displacement of the mounting table 106 due to the creation of a spherical surface on the lens 105. This dial gauge 108 has a lens 10
5 functions as a measuring unit that measures the amount of displacement of the mounting table 106 that accompanies the creation of the concave spherical surface 105b. In this case, instead of measuring the displacement of the mounting table 106,
The mounting table 106 side may be fixed at a fixed position, and the amount of vertical displacement of the spherical tool 104 may be measured.

In addition to the above structure, a dispenser 110 is provided at the abutting portion between the spherical tool 104 and the lens 105 to supply the machining liquid 109 in which diamond powder as the abrasive grains 111 is dispersed in water. Has been. The dispenser 110 acts as a supply means for supplying the processing liquid 109.

[0010]

When the above-described conventional spherical surface forming / processing apparatus is adopted, the following problems occur. That is, to describe in detail with reference to FIG. 12, the concave spherical surface 1
As the depth of 05b increases from the upper surface 105a, it becomes more difficult to supply and discharge the working fluid 109. In particular, the old machining liquid 109 containing the deteriorated abrasive grains 111 may be the concave spherical surface 105b.
When the new working fluid 109 is collected, it is difficult for the old working fluid 109 to be discharged even if the new working fluid 109 is supplied, so that the new working fluid 109 does not reach the bottom of the concave spherical surface 105b.

Due to the continued use of the deteriorated machining fluid 109, problems such as a decrease in machining efficiency and a deterioration in machining shape accuracy occur.

Further, the spherical tool 104 rolls by ultrasonic waves during machining, but the rolling amount thereof is extremely small, and in some cases, it may be biased. As a result, uneven wear of the spherical tool 104 occurs, resulting in deterioration of the shape accuracy of the concave spherical surface 105b and occurrence of eccentricity.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and suppresses uneven wear of a spherical tool and eccentricity of a concave spherical surface when machining a spherical concave deep concave lens with high accuracy, and a machining liquid. It is an object of the present invention to provide a concave spherical surface processing device and a concave spherical surface processing method capable of smoothly supplying and discharging, and improving processing quality and processing efficiency.

[0014]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a concave spherical surface machining apparatus which comprises a spherical tool made of a magnetic material for machining a concave spherical surface of a workpiece, and a spherical tool which holds the spherical tool in a rollable manner. Ultrasonic wave propagating means for propagating ultrasonic vibrations generated from the sound wave generator to the spherical tool, pressing means for bringing the spherical tool and the workpiece into contact with each other, and contact between the spherical tool and the workpiece. Machining liquid supply means for supplying a machining liquid in which abrasive grains are dispersed to the contact position, a plurality of electromagnets facing the outer circumference of the spherical tool in a radial arrangement, and magnetic pole switching by energization control to the plurality of electromagnets. A magnetic attraction force for rotationally displacing the spherical tool by means of which the spherical tool is rotated in the arrangement surface direction of the plurality of electromagnets at the contact position with the workpiece. To do.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the concave spherical surface machining apparatus using ultrasonic waves according to the first aspect, the spherical tool is magnetized so as to have magnetic poles.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the concave spherical surface machining apparatus using ultrasonic waves according to the first or second aspect, a plurality of the electromagnets are arranged in a radial arrangement on the outer circumference in the horizontal direction of the spherical tool. And

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the concave spherical surface machining apparatus using ultrasonic waves according to the first or second aspect, a plurality of the electromagnets are arranged in a radial arrangement on the outer circumference in the horizontal direction of the spherical tool, It is characterized in that a plurality of ultrasonic wave propagating means are vertically arranged with respect to the spherical tool and are radially installed.

According to the concave spherical surface processing apparatus using ultrasonic waves of the present invention, when the concave spherical surface of the lens is processed using ultrasonic waves,
It is possible to rotate the spherical tool in a non-contact manner in the arrangement surface direction of the plurality of electromagnets during processing by utilizing the magnetic attraction force of rotational displacement caused by the plurality of electromagnets.

As a result, the supply and discharge of the working liquid can be made smooth and the working efficiency is improved. Further, since the spherical tool makes a rotary motion during machining, it is possible to prevent uneven wear of the spherical tool and also to suppress eccentricity of the spherical concave lens surface.

Further, by pre-magnetizing the spherical tool, there is no need to magnetize the spherical tool, the number of arranged electromagnets can be reduced, and the magnetic attraction force of rotational displacement caused by the electromagnets can be reduced. The ability of the spherical tool to follow is improved, and efficient machining can be realized with a machining tool that rotates stably.

Further, according to the present invention, the spherical tool can be rotated in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction to perform the concave spherical surface processing, the smoothing of the supply and discharge of the machining liquid can be achieved, and particularly the deep concave spherical surface portion can be formed. Even when machining, the machining fluid can be supplied and discharged smoothly, uneven wear of the spherical tool and eccentricity of the concave spherical surface of the spherically machined workpiece can be suppressed, and machining quality and machining efficiency can be further improved. .

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, while supplying a machining liquid in which abrasive grains are dispersed to the contact position between the spherical tool and the workpiece,
In a concave spherical surface processing method using ultrasonic waves in which the spherical tool or the workpiece is pressed while ultrasonically vibrating the spherical tool with an ultrasonic generator to process the workpiece, non-contact using the magnetic force of an electromagnet The spherical driving tool is used to rotate the spherical tool in the direction of the arrangement surface of the electromagnets during machining of the workpiece with respect to the workpiece.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the concave spherical surface machining method according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of spherical tools are arranged in a radial arrangement on the outer circumference in the horizontal direction while the spherical tool is held in a rollable manner. It is characterized in that the magnetic poles of the individual electromagnets are switched and controlled, and the spherical tool is rotated in the horizontal direction during machining by a magnetic attraction force of the plurality of electromagnets.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the method of machining a concave spherical surface by ultrasonic waves according to the fifth aspect, electromagnets arranged in a radial arrangement on the outer periphery in the horizontal direction of the spherical tool while the spherical tool is held in a rollable manner. And the magnetic poles of electromagnets arranged in a radial arrangement on the outer periphery in the vertical direction of the spherical tool are switched and controlled, and the spherical tool is rotated in the vertical direction during machining by the magnetic attraction force of each of the electromagnets.

According to the method of machining a concave spherical surface by ultrasonic waves of the present invention, the spherical tool is rotated in an arbitrary direction during machining of the spherical tool by using a non-contact rotation driving means utilizing the magnetic force of an electromagnet. Therefore, the rotating spherical tool can smoothly supply and discharge the working liquid necessary for working with the spherical tool, and the working efficiency is improved.

Further, since the spherical tool makes a rotational movement during the machining of the workpiece, it is possible to prevent uneven wear of the spherical tool, and to suppress the eccentricity of the concave spherical surface of the spherically machined workpiece, which is of good quality. A work piece can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, since the spherical tool is rotated in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction to perform the concave spherical surface processing, it is possible to smoothly supply and discharge the machining liquid, and particularly the deep concave spherical surface portion. Even when machining, machining fluid can be supplied and discharged smoothly, uneven wear of spherical tools and eccentricity of the concave spherical surface of the spherically machined workpiece can be suppressed to improve machining quality and machining efficiency. It is possible to provide a concave spherical surface processing method using a sound wave.

[0028]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION (Embodiment 1) (Structure) Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the entire concave spherical surface processing apparatus of the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged sectional view of a processing state by a spherical tool, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing arrangement of a spherical tool and an electromagnet. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the arrangement of the spherical tool and the electromagnet in the rotating state.

In the concave spherical surface processing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the lens 1 which is the workpiece having the concave spherical surface is mounted on the lens holding base 10.
It is held and fixed at. The lens holding table 10 is connected to the pressure cylinder 11, and it is possible to press the lens 1 toward the spherical tool 2 side from the state where the spherical tool 2 and the lens 1 are in contact with each other.

Further, the horn 3 is provided integrally with the ultrasonic wave generator 4 arranged above the lens 1, and the ultrasonic vibration generated by the ultrasonic wave generator 4 is propagated during the processing of the lens 1. It propagates in the cylindrical horn 3 which is a means.

The spherical tool 2 is rotatably arranged at the tip of the horn 3, and the ultrasonic wave propagating through the horn 3 propagates to the spherical tool 2. The spherical tool 2 is made of a magnetic material such as steel or iron.

An ultrasonic wave controller 13 is connected to the ultrasonic wave generator 4 so that the output of the ultrasonic wave generated from the ultrasonic wave generator 4 can be controlled.

Around the spherical tool 2, eight electromagnets 7 are arranged horizontally and radially. Each electromagnet 7 is connected to an electromagnet control device 8 which is a control means, and the electromagnet control device 8 is connected. By turning on the electricity to each electromagnet 7,
It is designed to turn off and adjust the magnetic force. Further, the concave spherical surface processing device is provided with a nozzle 9 for supplying the processing liquid 5 to the contact position of the lens 1 and the spherical tool 2, and the processing liquid 5 is supplied from the processing liquid supply device 6 containing the processing liquid 5 to the nozzle 9. It is supposed to be supplied.

(Operation) When the spherical surface processing is performed on the lens 1 by the concave spherical surface processing device having the above-described configuration, the processing liquid supply device 6 for supplying the processing liquid 5 supplies the processing liquid 5 to the nozzle when the lens 1 and the spherical tool 2 come into contact with each other. The machining fluid 5 is supplied to the contact position via 9. Further, the ultrasonic wave generation device 4 controlled by the ultrasonic wave control device 13 causes the spherical tool 2 held at the tip of the spherical tool 2 via the horn 3 to generate ultrasonic vibrations.

When performing spherical surface processing, the pressure cylinder operates and the lens 1 together with the lens holder 10 is pressed against the spherical tool 2. As a result, the spherical tool 2 vibrates ultrasonically in a state where the machining liquid 5 is present at the contact position between the spherical tool 2 and the lens 1, and the processing of the lens 1 in the pressed state proceeds. FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of the contact state of the lens 1 and the spherical tool 2 at this time. The positional relationship between the spherical tool 2 and each electromagnet 7 is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

In the first embodiment, a total of eight electromagnets 7 are radially arranged in the horizontal outer peripheral direction of the spherical tool 2.
The number of electromagnets 7 can be set to any number of 2 or more, but the greater the number, the better the followability of the spherical tool 2 having magnetism.

Each electromagnet 7 is controlled by an electromagnet controller 8 so that the current can be turned on and off and the direction of the current flow, that is, the arrangement of the magnetic poles can be changed.

After the processing of the lens 1 is started, the electromagnet control device 8 controls the spherical shape of the electromagnet 7 on one side (left side in FIG. 3) with respect to the two electromagnets 7 facing each other with the spherical tool 2 interposed therebetween in a 180 degree arrangement. An electric current is supplied so that the tool 2 side has an S pole and the other (right side in FIG. 3) electromagnet 7 has a spherical tool 2 side with an N pole. As a result, the N-pole and the S-pole facing the S-pole and the N-pole as shown in FIG. 3 are internally generated in the spherical tool 2 which is a magnetic body.

Next, the electromagnet control device 8 rotates the magnetic poles of the electromagnets 7. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, the current to both electromagnets 7 having the magnetic poles shown in FIG. 3 is stopped, and the current is applied to both electromagnets 7 adjacent to each other at an angle interval of 45 degrees in the counterclockwise direction of both electromagnets 7. And let both electromagnets 7 have the magnetic poles shown in FIG.

In this way, by controlling the magnetic poles of the electromagnets 7 one after another, the same principle as that of the electromagnetic motor can be obtained.
The spherical tool 2 made of a magnetic material has a magnetic pole that rotates internally, and is attracted by the magnetic force of each electromagnet 7 to rotate.

By continuing the above operation until the machining of each electromagnet 7 by the electromagnet control device 8 is completed, the spherical tool 2 always continues the rotary motion during the machining of the lens 1. Since the machining liquid 5 containing abrasive grains is interposed between the concave spherical surface portion of the lens 1 and the spherical tool 2 during processing, the spherical spherical surface of the lens 1 and the spherical surface of the lens 1 are rotated by the spherical tool 2 rotating. The machining fluid 5 interposed between the tool 2 and the tool 2 flows without uneven distribution as the spherical tool 2 moves.

(Effects) According to the first embodiment, the lens 1 having any deep concave spherical surface can be machined while the spherical tool 2 is constantly rotated, and the machining liquid 5 deteriorated due to the machining. The discharge and the supply of the new machining liquid 5 can be performed smoothly, the uneven wear of the spherical tool 2 and the eccentricity of the concave spherical surface can be suppressed, and the machining quality and the machining efficiency of the lens 1 can be improved.

The order of turning on and off the electric current flowing through each electromagnet 7 can be either counterclockwise or clockwise. Therefore, the rotating direction of the spherical tool 2 may be either counterclockwise or clockwise. In any case, the same effect can be exhibited.

(Second Embodiment) (Structure) A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 is a front view of the spherical tool 22 of the second embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a spherical tool 22 and electromagnet 7 of the second embodiment.
It is explanatory drawing which shows the positional relationship with. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the positional relationship between the spherical tool 22 and the electromagnet 7 in the rotating state according to the second embodiment. Note that the other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that a pre-magnetized steel ball is used as the spherical tool 22, and the arrangement and number of electromagnets 7 are as shown in FIG. That is, four pieces are arranged around 22 at intervals of 90 degrees.

In the second embodiment, the electromagnet control device 8 causes the left electromagnet 7 of the spherical tool 22 to be the S pole and the right electromagnet 7 to be the N pole of the four electromagnets 7 as shown in FIG. 7, the lower electromagnet 7 of the spherical tool 22 is controlled to have the S pole and the upper electromagnet 7 is controlled to have the magnetic pole of the N pole, as shown in FIG. Since the spherical tool 22 is magnetized in the state shown in FIG. 5, the spherical tool 22 quickly reacts to the change of each magnetic pole of each electromagnet 7 to be in a rotating state, and the lens 1 is processed similarly to the case of the first embodiment. Becomes

(Operation) When the spherical tool 22 having the above-mentioned configuration is used to perform spherical surface processing, when the lens 1 and the spherical tool 2 are in contact with each other, the machining liquid supply device 6 causes the nozzle to come out. The machining fluid 5 is supplied to the contact position via 9.

Further, the ultrasonic wave is generated from the ultrasonic wave generator 4 through the horn 3, the pressure cylinder 11 is raised, and the lens 1 is pressed against the spherical tool 22. As a result, the spherical tool 22 vibrates ultrasonically while the machining liquid 5 is present at the contact position between the spherical tool 22 and the lens 1, and is further pressed by the lens 1 to proceed with the machining.

At this time, when the magnetic pole control for each electromagnet 7 by the electromagnet control device 8 is repeated in the counterclockwise order shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the spherical tool 22 magnetized in advance to the N pole and the S pole. Reacts to the magnetic force of electromagnet 7 and rotates counterclockwise

By continuously controlling the magnetic poles for the electromagnets 7 until the processing of the lens 1 is completed,
The spherical tool 22 always makes a rotational motion in the lateral direction (horizontal direction with respect to the processing surface of the lens 1) during processing. Also,
Since the spherical tool 22 itself is magnetized in advance to the N pole and the S pole, a smaller number of electromagnets 7 than in the first embodiment.
Even in the configuration using, the spherical tool 2 itself makes a rotational movement with good followability to the change of the magnetic pole during the machining.

(Effect) According to the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the lens 1 having any deep spherical surface.
However, since the spherical tool 22 constantly rotates, the deteriorated machining fluid can be smoothly discharged and a new machining fluid can be supplied smoothly, which can suppress the uneven wear of the spherical tool 22 and the eccentricity of the concave spherical surface, and the machining of the lens 1. It is possible to improve quality and processing efficiency.

In addition, in the first embodiment, if the switching timing of the magnetic poles of the electromagnets 7 is too fast, the spherical tool 2 may not follow and rotate, but in the second embodiment. Since the spherical tool 22 itself is magnetized in advance, the followability is high even if the magnetic poles of the electromagnets 7 are switched quickly, and the number of the electromagnets 7 is not at least inferior to the followability, and stable processing is performed on the lens 1. Can be realized.

(Third Embodiment) (Structure) A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an entire concave spherical surface machining device using ultrasonic waves according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a rotary machining state of a spherical tool of the device. In the third embodiment, the same elements as those in the first and second embodiments described above are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The third embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that the three built-in electromagnets 12 inside the horn 3 are vertically arranged with respect to the spherical tool 22 and the spherical tool 2 is used.
This is a point that is additionally arranged in a radial arrangement with respect to No. 2, and this built-in electromagnet 12 is electrically connected to an electromagnet control device 8 (not shown) like the electromagnet 7 in the first and second embodiments. , Energization is controlled. The spherical tool 22 is magnetized to the N and S poles as in the second embodiment, and
The same arrangement is used for processing the lens 1. Other configurations are the same as those in the first and second embodiments.

(Operation) When the spherical surface of the lens 1 is processed by the above structure, the lens 1 is processed in the same manner as in the first and second embodiments.
When the spherical tool 22 comes into contact with the machining tool 5, the machining fluid 5 is supplied from the machining fluid supply device 6 to the contact position via the nozzle 9. Further, the ultrasonic generator 4 generates ultrasonic waves in the horn 3, and the pressurizing cylinder 11 rises to press the lens 1 against the spherical tool 2. As a result, the spherical tool 22 is ultrasonically vibrated while the machining liquid 5 is present at the contact position between the spherical tool 2 and the lens 1, and is further pressed by the lens 1 to proceed with the machining.

The electromagnet 7 is located in the horizontal outer peripheral direction of the spherical tool 22. Further, built-in electromagnets 12 are radially arranged inside the horn 3, and control is performed by an electromagnet control device 8 capable of controlling ON / OFF energization of current to each electromagnet 7 and changing a current flowing direction. To be done.

First, as shown in FIG. 8, an N pole is generated in one of the electromagnets 7 on both sides of the spherical tool 22, and an S pole is generated in the other. As a result, the spherical tool 2 magnetized in advance to the S pole and the N pole is attracted by the magnetic force of the electromagnet 7, and the position is regulated as shown in FIG.

Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the energization of both electromagnets 7 having magnetic poles until now is stopped, and the built-in electromagnet 12 positioned diagonally to the upper right of the spherical tool 22 in FIG.
An electric current is applied to generate a south pole on the side of the spherical tool 2. As a result, the spherical tool 22 having the S pole and the N pole is attracted by the magnetic force of the built-in electromagnet 12 and is rotated counterclockwise (in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 9) in the vertical direction.

Next, the energization of the built-in electromagnet 12 on the diagonally upper right side having the magnetic pole is stopped, and at the same time, the spherical tool 22 is stopped.
The built-in electromagnet 12 on the upper side of is energized to generate an S pole on the spherical tool 22 side. As a result, the spherical tool 22 further rotates counterclockwise.

Next, the energization of the upper built-in electromagnet 12 having the magnetic poles is stopped, and at the same time, the built-in electromagnet 12 diagonally to the left of the spherical tool 22 is energized, and the spherical tool 22 is moved to the S side. Give rise to poles. As a result, the spherical tool 22 further rotates counterclockwise.

By continuously repeating such an operation until the processing of the lens 1 is completed, the spherical tool 22 makes a rotational movement in the vertical direction (a direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the lens 1) with respect to the lens 1. Processing is performed.

During the processing of the lens 1, the spherical tool 22 rotates in the vertical direction, so that the processing liquid 5 flows so as to follow its movement, and reaches the deepest position of the concave spherical surface of the lens 1. A flow of 5 extends. Further, since the spherical tool 22 has magnetic poles as in the case of the second embodiment,
The lens 1 while rotating the spherical tool 2 itself with good followability to the switching of the magnetic poles of the electromagnets 7 and the built-in electromagnets 12
Can be processed. The other actions are similar to those of the first and second embodiments.

(Effect) According to the third embodiment, similarly to the first and second embodiments, the lens 1 having any deep concave spherical surface can be processed while the spherical tool 22 is constantly rotating. As it progresses, the processing liquid that has deteriorated due to processing 5
Is smoothly discharged and a new machining liquid 5 is smoothly supplied, uneven wear of the spherical tool 22 and eccentricity of the concave spherical surface can be suppressed, and machining quality and machining efficiency can be improved.

In addition, the movement of the working liquid 5 is the lens 1
The machining fluid 5 at a shallow position on the concave spherical surface of the lens 1 is guided to a deep position, and the machining fluid 5 at a deep position on the concave spherical surface of the lens 1 is guided to a shallow position.

As a result, the new machining liquid at the shallow position of the concave spherical surface of the lens 1 can easily reach the deep position, and the old machining fluid 5 at the deep position of the concave spherical surface can be replaced with the concave spherical surface and the spherical tool. Since it is easily discharged from the interface with the lens 22, the processing quality and the processing efficiency of the lens 1 can be improved more than in the first and second embodiments.

[0066]

According to the present invention, the spherical surface of the workpiece is machined under the action of ultrasonic waves while rotating the spherical tool in the direction corresponding to the arrangement of the electromagnets using the electromagnets. In addition, the supply and discharge of machining fluid can be performed smoothly to prevent uneven wear of the spherical tool and eccentricity of the concave spherical surface, and it is possible to improve the machining quality and machining efficiency of the workpiece by using the ultrasonic concave A spherical surface processing device can be provided.

According to the present invention, the concave spherical surface of the workpiece is machined while the spherical tool is rotated in the direction corresponding to the arrangement of the electromagnets by using the electromagnet, so that the machining efficiency is excellent and the machining quality is high. It is possible to provide a method for processing a concave spherical surface by ultrasonic waves that can obtain a good workpiece.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an entire concave spherical surface processing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of a working state with the spherical tool according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement of a spherical tool and an electromagnet according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of a spherical tool and an electromagnet in a rotating state according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a front view of a spherical tool according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a positional relationship between a spherical tool and an electromagnet according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a positional relationship between a spherical tool and an electromagnet in a rotating state according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an entire concave spherical surface processing device using ultrasonic waves according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a rotary processing state of a spherical tool of a concave spherical surface processing device using ultrasonic waves according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic configuration diagram of a spherical surface creation processing apparatus that is a conventional example.

FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a tool mounting portion of a horn of a conventional example in an enlarged manner.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged partial sectional view showing a processing state of a concave spherical surface in a conventional spherical surface generating / processing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 lens 2 spherical tool 3 horns 4 Ultrasonic generator 5 working fluid 6 Working fluid supply device 7 Electromagnet 8 Electromagnet control device 9 nozzles 10 Lens holder 11 Pressure cylinder 12 Electromagnet 13 Ultrasonic controller 22 Spherical tool

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Shinya Iida             2-43 Hatagaya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Ori             Inside Npus Optical Industry Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 3C049 AA07 AA11 AA16 AA17 BC02                       CA01 CB01 CB03                 3C058 AA07 AA11 AA16 AC04 BC02                       CA02 CB01 CB03 CB06 DA10

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A spherical tool made of a magnetic material for processing a concave spherical surface of a workpiece, and ultrasonically emitted from an ultrasonic generator to the spherical tool while holding the spherical tool rollably. Ultrasonic wave propagating means for propagating, pressurizing means for abutting the spherical tool and the workpiece, and processing for supplying a machining liquid in which abrasive grains are dispersed at the contact position between the spherical tool and the workpiece. Liquid supply means, a plurality of electromagnets that are arranged radially around the spherical tool, and a magnetic attraction force that causes rotational displacement of the spherical tool by switching magnetic poles by controlling energization of the plurality of electromagnets. A control means for rotating the spherical tool in a direction in which a plurality of electromagnets are arranged at a contact position with the workpiece, and a concave spherical surface machining apparatus using ultrasonic waves. 2. The concave spherical surface machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the spherical tool is magnetized so as to have magnetic poles. 3. An ultrasonic concave spherical surface machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the electromagnets are arranged in a radial arrangement on the outer periphery in the horizontal direction of the spherical tool. 4. A plurality of the electromagnets are arranged in a radial arrangement on the outer circumference in the horizontal direction of the spherical tool, and a plurality of electromagnets are arranged inside the ultrasonic wave propagating means in a direction perpendicular to the spherical tool and are radially installed. The concave spherical surface processing device using ultrasonic waves according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: 5. The spherical tool or the spherical tool while ultrasonically vibrating the spherical tool by an ultrasonic generator while supplying a machining liquid in which abrasive grains are dispersed to the contact position between the spherical tool and the workpiece. In a concave spherical surface processing method using ultrasonic waves for processing a work piece by pressurizing the work piece, a non-contact rotation driving means utilizing the magnetic force of an electromagnet is used to form the spherical tool during the work on the work piece. A method for processing a concave spherical surface by ultrasonic waves, which comprises rotating a spherical tool in the direction of the arrangement surface of electromagnets. 6. In a state in which the spherical tool is rollably held,
The magnetic poles of a plurality of electromagnets arranged in a radial arrangement on the outer periphery in the horizontal direction of the spherical tool are controlled to be switched, and the spherical tool is rotated in the horizontal direction during machining by a magnetic attraction force of the plurality of electromagnets. Item 6. A method for processing a concave spherical surface by ultrasonic waves according to Item 5. 7. A spherical tool rollably held,
The magnetic poles of the electromagnets arranged in a radial array on the outer circumference in the horizontal direction of the spherical tool and the magnetic poles of the electromagnets arranged in a radial arrangement on the outer circumference in the vertical direction of the spherical tool are controlled to be switched, and the magnetic tool is attracted by each of the electromagnets in the vertical direction during machining. 6. The method for processing a concave spherical surface by ultrasonic waves according to claim 5, wherein