JP2002317431A - Horizontal penetration testing device and penetration testing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively evaluate a ground improved by a chemical feed solidifying technique. SOLUTION: This horizontal penetration testing device 1 comprises an insertion case 10. A rotating rod 20 provided in the insertion case 10 contains a storage case 22 storing a penetration tester 50 for penetration test after penetrating into the ground and a cylinder device 21 for pushing the penetration tester 50 out to the rear part of the storage case 22. During measurement, the insertion case 10 is inserted into a hole until reaching a predetermined position and the rotating rod 20 is rotated from a vertical direction to a horizontal direction while removing sediment as an obstruction against the rotation by using a jet water spray nozzle 27. When the rotating rod 20 is directed to the horizontal direction, the penetration tester 50 is pushed out by the cylinder device 21 to provide for penetration test.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transverse penetration tester and a penetration test for performing a penetration test not in a vertical direction on the ground but in a direction intersecting the vertical direction such as a horizontal direction. About the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method for confirming the improvement effect of a soft ground, a standard penetration test, a cone penetration test, and the like have been conventionally performed on the improved ground. The former is a penetration test method in which a penetrating rod is driven vertically into the ground by freely dropping a hammer with a specified weight from a specified height, and a constant drop height required to drive a fixed depth. The number of impacts is used as the measured value of the ground resistance. The latter is a penetration test method in which a penetration rod having a cone attached to the tip is pressed vertically into the ground, and the pressure at that time is used as a measured value of the ground resistance.
Further, as a method of confirming the effect of improving the ground, there is a method of performing core boring with a sampling device equipped with a sampling pipe and evaluating the strength by a strength test of the sampled sample.

[0003] However, these methods are effective for confirming the improvement range in the depth direction with respect to the improved ground of the density increasing processing method such as the sand compaction method or the deep mixing processing method of solidifying the cement. In the case of the improved method of replacing low-strength material in the gap in the ground, such as the injection solidification method, it is difficult to determine the effect because sampling of an undisturbed sample is difficult.

As a method of directly measuring ground information, a penetration test using a rotary sounding test apparatus has been proposed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-324413). The penetration test described above is performed by penetrating a penetrator having a conical point at a constant speed into the ground, and applying various forces acting on the penetrator to various transducers provided in relation to the penetrator. The ground characteristics are evaluated from the results.

[0005]

However, since the above-mentioned penetration test method is a method in which a borehole is excavated and a penetration tester is vertically dropped from above the borehole into the borehole and measured, the vertical test of the ground is performed. It is possible to measure in the direction,
Since measurement in the horizontal direction cannot be performed, there has been a problem that accurate information on the ground around the measurement portion cannot be obtained. In other words, in the existing penetration test, the penetration tester is vertically penetrated from the ground to the ground, or the penetration tester is further vertically penetrated from the pre-drilled vertical hole, and the area It cannot be measured with a spread, but is measured at a point. Therefore, the only way to determine whether the ground improvement near the boundary of the ground improvement area has been made is to increase the number of measurement points.
However, as described above, in the case of an improved construction method of replacing a low-strength material in a gap in the ground, such as a chemical liquid injection solidification construction method,
There is a possibility that accurate ground improvement evaluation cannot be performed only from the vertical penetration data at each measurement point.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to obtain information on the ground for effectively evaluating the improved ground by the chemical injection solidification method in the ground improved area made of saturated sand or silt. It is to be.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an invention according to claim 1 is a penetration tester which penetrates a ground laterally from a hole formed in the ground vertically and performs a penetration test. 50, an insertion case 10 to be inserted into the hole along the depth direction, and an insertion case 10 disposed along the same direction as the depth direction of the hole in the insertion case and penetrating into the ground to perform a penetration test. Penetration test means (penetration tester 5
0), pushing means (cylinder device 21) arranged behind the penetration test means in the insertion case and for pushing out the penetration test means to penetrate the ground, and wherein the insertion case is inserted into the hole. Rotating means (rotating shaft 25, rotating block 30, cylinder devices 13, 14) for integrally rotating the penetration test means and the pushing means in the inserted state from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction with respect to the insertion case; When the means for rotating the penetration test means and the pushing means are rotated, a means for removing earth and sand that obstructs rotation is provided (jet water jet nozzle 27).

In the first aspect, the vertical direction is basically a vertical direction, but also includes a direction slightly inclined with respect to the vertical direction. The horizontal direction is basically a horizontal direction orthogonal to the vertical direction, but also includes a direction slightly oblique to the horizontal direction.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the insertion case containing the penetration test means is lowered into the hole, and then the penetration test means and the pushing means are rotated by the rotating means while the earth and sand is removed by the soil removal means. Can be done.
Then, when the extruding means and the penetrating test means are turned laterally in a state of being taken out of the insertion case by rotation, the penetrating test means is pushed out into the ground by the extruding means, so that the penetrating test is performed in the ground in the lateral direction. Can be performed.

Then, a penetration test can be performed in the lateral direction at an arbitrary depth in the ground. Therefore, in comparison with the conventional case where a penetration test is performed in the longitudinal direction as in a conventional case, each test point is substantially penetrated with respect to the horizontal plane as a point, the test point has a linear shape with respect to the horizontal plane at each test point. The test can be performed, and the state of the ground can be more reliably tested.

Accordingly, when the improvement results after the ground improvement is tested, particularly when the improvement results are tested in an improved construction method in which a low-strength material is replaced in a gap in the ground, such as a chemical liquid injection solidification construction method, By performing the penetration test with a certain length in the lateral direction, the improved result can be more reliably tested. In particular, by performing a penetration test in the lateral direction near the periphery (boundary) of the ground improvement part, it is possible to test the extent of the ground improvement by performing a linear test instead of a point test. Can be.

Further, for example, when there is a specific stratum for which a penetration test is to be performed, even if the stratum is a thin stratum, a penetration test can be performed along the stratum, and the penetration test can be performed for each stratum. Can also be performed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the transverse penetration tester according to the first aspect, the penetration test means is a three-component cone penetration tester capable of measuring at least a tip load, a peripheral friction, and a gap pressure. In addition, the three-component cone penetration tester is further stored in the insertion case while being stored in the storage case 22, and the three-component penetration tester is rotated while being stored in the storage case by the rotating means. At the same time, it is characterized in that it is pushed out of the storage case into the ground by the pushing means during the penetration test.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to perform at least the tests of the load at the tip, the peripheral friction, and the gap pressure, and it is possible to protect the three-component cone penetration tester by the storage case when rotating. .

The third aspect of the present invention provides the first or second aspect.
A penetration test method using the lateral penetration tester according to the above, wherein a hole is formed vertically in the ground, and the penetration test means and the extrusion means are stored in an insertion case, the lateral penetration tester is provided. Into the hole, and then rotate the penetration test means and the extrusion means from the longitudinal direction to the lateral direction by the rotating means, and remove earth and sand obstructing the rotation by the earth and sand removing means, and then the penetration test means The penetration test means is extruded into the ground by the pushing means in the state of being oriented in the lateral direction, and a penetration test is performed.Then, the penetration tester is pulled back by the pushing means, and the penetration test means and the extrusion are pushed by the rotating means. The means is housed in an insertion case, and the insertion case is taken out of the hole.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the penetration test can be easily performed in the lateral direction by using the lateral penetration tester, and the same operation and effect as those of the first and second aspects can be obtained. Can be obtained.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A lateral penetration tester and a penetration test method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The lateral penetration tester and the penetration test method of this example relate to a method of performing a soil investigation in a horizontal direction in the ground and examining the condition of the ground in detail with respect to the improved ground. By improving the apparatus proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 62-1072 and installing a penetration test apparatus 50, it has become possible to perform a penetration test in the ground in a lateral direction, which has been impossible until now. Things.

As shown in FIG. 1, the lateral penetration tester 1 of this embodiment is rotatable in a substantially vertical plane by an insertion case 10 formed of a cylindrical body and a substantially horizontal rotation shaft 25 of the insertion case 10. It consists of a fixed rotating rod 20. Also,
On the upper part of the insertion case 10, a lifting rod 15 for inserting the insertion case 10 into the hole and moving up and down is fixed.

An opening 11 is provided on one side of the upper side of the insertion case 10, and an opening 11 is provided on a lower side of the insertion case 10 on a side opposite to the opening 11 provided on the upper side. 12 are provided. The insertion case 10
The openings 11 and 12 provided above and below are provided so as to close the outer peripheral surface of the rotation rod 20 on the rotation progress side when the rotation rod 20 is housed inside the insertion case 10. Further, from the state where the rotating rod 2 is vertically stored in the insertion case 10 through the openings 11 and 12, the rotating rod 2 is rotated to store the storage case 10.
And can be arranged in the horizontal direction.

FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of the rotating rod 20 in a state where the penetration tester 50 is mounted on the rotating rod 20 of the insertion case 10 and rotated in the horizontal direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the rotating rod 20 has a cylindrical shape, and the outer diameter of the rotating rod 20 is smaller than the inner diameter of the insertion case 10 so that it can be stored inside the insertion case 10. The rotating rod 20 has a rotating block 30 at the center, and a cylinder device 21 and a storage case 22 are provided on both sides of the rotating block 30. The rotating rod 20 is fixed by a rotating shaft 25 provided on a rotating block 30, and the rotating rod 20 can rotate around the rotating shaft 25.

A piston rod 24 is attached to the tip of the cylinder device 21 of the rotating rod 20 and projects into a hollow part of the rotating block 30. Further, a penetration test device 50 is attached to the tip of the piston rod 24.
Is attached, and the penetration test device 50 is stored in the storage case 22. The cylinder device 21
The inside is filled with air, water, or oil, and the piston rod 24 is slid back and forth so that the penetration test device 50 is pushed into the ground or pulled back from the ground. Therefore, a cylinder device 21 as an extruding means is provided at the rear side of a penetration tester 50 as a penetrating test means disposed in the storage case 22, and these are integrated as a rotating rod 20, and are vertically inserted into the insertion case 10. It is rotatable in the horizontal direction from the state in which it is stored. Also,
A displacement gauge is provided in the vicinity of the piston rod 24, and measures the distance that the penetration test device 50 is pushed into the ground. In addition, a rubber valve 23 is provided at the opening at the tip end of the storage case 22, and the penetration test device 5 in the storage case 22 is provided.
This prevents earth and sand from entering the gap between the inner case 0 and the inner wall of the storage case 22.

Also, as shown in FIG.
At the top and bottom of the cylinder, a cylinder device 1 for turning
3, 14 are fixed. In addition, the upper cylinder device 13 is provided with, for example, a wire-like connecting rod 16, and the tip of the connecting rod 16 passes through the inside of the insertion case 10, as shown in FIGS. Is connected to the center of a fulcrum 28 provided at a distance from the rotary shaft 25. By driving the cylinder device 13 and pulling the connecting rod 16 upward, a clockwise rotational moment acts on the rotating shaft 25, and the rotating rod 2
0 rotates clockwise.

The cylinder device 14 at the lower part of the main body is also provided with two connecting rods 17 similar to those described above.
5, the tip of the connecting rod 17 is connected to both ends of a fulcrum 28 of the rotating block 30. When the two connecting rods 17 are pulled by driving the cylinder device 14, a counterclockwise rotation moment acts on the rotation shaft 25, and the rotation rod 20 rotates counterclockwise.

Each of the cylinder devices 13 and 14 is operated by an electromagnetic valve automatically controlled by a ground control unit (not shown). The electromagnetic valves respond to input signals from the control unit. Controllable,
The operation timing and stroke length of each of the cylinder devices 13 and 14 are controlled. The rotation speed and the rotation angle of the rotary rod 20 are controlled by the above operation.

The rotary rod 20 has pipes 26a, 26b provided with a plurality of jet water jet nozzles 27 at a predetermined interval for removing earth and sand obstructing the rotation of the rotary rod 20 in the ground. Is provided. As shown in FIG. 3, one pipe 26 a is provided on the front side of the storage case 22 on which the penetration test device 50 is provided on the traveling side of the storage case 2.
2, and the other pipe 26b is provided on the front surface of the cylinder device 14 on the traveling side.
Are provided along the axial direction. The pipes 26a and 26b are connected to the hollow portion 31 of the rotary block 30 through a mounting portion mounted on the rotary block 30, so that the supply of pressurized water can be received from the ground. FIG.
Is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of the periphery of the rotating block 30. The pipe 29 reaches the hollow portion 31 of the rotating block 30 from the ground through the lifting rod 15 and the inside of the insertion case 10, and once, The water is stored in the hollow portion 31 and sent to the pipes 26 a and 26 b provided on the rotating rod 20.

Next, the penetration test device 50 used in the present invention will be described. The penetration test device 50 includes a cone having a conical pointed tip, and a cylindrical rod. In the penetration test device 50, the penetration test device 5
Three components are measured: tip resistance (tip load) acting on the tip of the cone part at the time of penetration into the ground of zero, peripheral friction acting on the side surface of the rod part, and pore water pressure (pore pressure).

In order to measure the tip resistance acting on the tip of the penetration test device 50, a pressure receiving portion is provided inside the cone portion, and the pressure applied to the cone portion is measured. A pore water pressure gauge is provided near the pressure receiving section. The pore pressure gauge has an opening near the boundary between the cone and the rod,
The pressure due to the liquid flowing from the opening is measured. A filter is provided at the entrance of the opening to filter only liquid, for example, water, and to prevent the flow of other solid matter such as earth and sand.

In the vicinity of the middle of the rod portion of the penetration test device 50, a two-way load cell for detecting the frictional force in the radial direction of the rod portion and in the direction parallel to the axis is provided. Further, a pore pressure gauge is provided near the two-way load cell, and an opening communicating with the pore pressure gauge is provided. As described above, the liquid flows through the opening through the filter to detect the pressure.

An inclinometer is buried in the vicinity of the rear end of the rod portion of the penetration test device 50, and the inclination when the penetration test device penetrates into the ground is detected. Each of the measuring units described above is amplified by an electronic control unit inside the penetration test apparatus, and is connected to a data processing system on the ground unit by wire or wirelessly. Further, the maximum load of the pressure receiving portion and the two-way load cell of the penetration test device described above can be changed according to the condition of the ground.

The data processing system of the penetration test device installed on the ground unit includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit),
RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only)
Memory), a storage device having a storage medium such as a magnetic / optical recording medium or a semiconductor memory, and an input device, a display device, a printing device, and the like, which are connected to each other via an internal bus.

The CPU stores various data input from the input device in the RAM, executes various processes in accordance with the system program stored in the RAM in accordance with the instruction and the input data, and stores the processing results in the RAM. While temporarily storing, the processing result is transmitted to a display device or a printing device.

Here, the display device is a CRT (Cathode Rad).
y Tube), LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) and the like. Further, the printing device prints each data such as the tip load, the peripheral friction, the pore water pressure and the like in a predetermined format according to the instruction of the CPU. Note that, in addition to the items listed above, the temperature data and other items may be measured as the soil data to be measured.

Next, an operation procedure at the time of measurement using the lateral penetration tester 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 7 shows a state in which a borehole has been provided in advance and the lateral penetration tester 1 of the present invention has been inserted into the hole. FIG. 8 shows a jet water jet nozzle 27 attached to the front surface of the lateral penetration tester 1.
Drilling a borehole while injecting jet water from
FIG. 9 shows a state in which the rotating rod 20 is rotating in the horizontal direction, FIG. 9 shows a state in which the rotating rod 20 has finished turning in the horizontal direction, and FIG. 10 shows a state in which the cylinder device 21 is driven and the penetration test device 50 is pressed into the ground. Shows the status of

First, as shown in FIG.
Boring so that the diameter is slightly larger than the maximum outside diameter. Then, as shown in FIG. 7, the remote control device on the ground and the insertion case 10 are fixed by the lifting rod 15, and the insertion case 10 is inserted into the boring hole to a predetermined depth of the boring hole.

Next, a pressure water pump provided in a remote control device on the ground is operated to send water to a pipe of the insertion case 10, and a plurality of jet water jet nozzles 27 provided on a front surface of the rotary rod 20. Spout water. Then, after the soil on the front surface of the rotating rod 20 is washed, the cylinder device 13 is driven to pull the fulcrum 28 of the rotating block 30 upward, whereby a clockwise rotating moment acts on the rotating shaft 25, The rotating rod 20 rotates clockwise, and the rotating rod 20 is kept at a substantially horizontal position.

As shown in FIG. 9, when the rotating rod 20 is set horizontally, pressurized water or oil is sent to the cylinder device 21 of the rotating rod 20, and the piston rod 24 at the tip of the cylinder device 21 is pushed out. As shown in FIG. 10, the penetration test device 50 mounted on the piston rod 24 is extruded into the ground. Further, the pushing speed of the penetration test device 50 can be changed.

At the same time that the penetration test device 50 is extruded into the ground, measurement of the tip load, peripheral friction, pore water pressure, and the like is started by the pressure receiving portion, the two-way load cell, and the pore water pressure gauge mounted on the penetration test device 50. I do.

Each data measured by the penetration test apparatus 50 is transmitted to the above-mentioned data processing system by wire or wirelessly. In the data processing system, a display device displays tip load, peripheral friction, pore water pressure, and the like.
In addition, the display on the display device may display a change in each data with the passage of time, or may display a change in each data according to the moving distance of the penetration test device 50. In addition, the printing device prints data such as tip load, peripheral friction, and gap pressure in a predetermined format in accordance with an instruction from the CPU.

When the measurement is completed, the piston rod 24 of the cylinder device 21 of the rotary rod 20 is returned, and the penetration test device 50 is stored in the storage case 22 of the rotary rod 20. Then, when the penetration test device 50 is stored in the storage case 22, the rotating rod 20 is stored in the insertion case 10. In this case, when the rod 17 is pulled by driving the cylinder device 14 below the insertion case 10, the fulcrum 28 of the rotating block 25 is pulled downward, and the rotating block 2 is pulled.
5 rotates around the axis, and the rotating rod 20 is returned from the horizontal direction to the vertical direction.

Next, the insertion case 10 is rotated by a predetermined angle around the axis while keeping the insertion case 10 at the same position of the boring hole. When the position to be measured is determined, the rotating rod 20 is moved from the vertical position to the horizontal direction again by the method described above, and the measurement is started by the penetration test device 50. By repeating the above operation several times, it is possible to collect abundant data of the ground at a horizontal position at a predetermined depth of the boring hole.

[0042]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the penetration test can be performed in the ground in the lateral direction, so that it is possible to perform the test linearly at each test location, and more reliably. The condition of the ground can be tested.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to perform at least the test of the tip load, the peripheral friction, and the gap pressure, and it is possible to protect the three-component cone penetration tester by the storage case when rotating. .

According to the third aspect of the present invention, a penetration test can be easily performed in the lateral direction by using the lateral penetration tester. The operation and effect of the present invention can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a lateral penetration tester according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view showing a rotating rod of the lateral penetration tester.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a rotating rod of the lateral penetration tester.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing an enlarged view of a portion around a rotation axis and a fulcrum of the lateral penetration tester.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view showing the vicinity of a rotation axis and a fulcrum of the lateral penetration tester.

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view showing an enlarged state around a rotary block of the lateral penetration tester.

FIG. 7 is a view for explaining a state where the lateral penetration tester is inserted into a boring hole.

FIG. 8 is a view for explaining a state in which the rotating rod of the lateral penetration tester is rotating.

FIG. 9 is a view for explaining a state in which a rotating rod of the lateral penetration tester is rotated in a horizontal direction.

FIG. 10 is a view for explaining a state in which a penetration tester is pushed out from a rotating rod of the lateral penetration tester.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Transverse penetration tester 10 Insertion case 13 Cylinder device (part of rotating means) 14 Cylinder device (part of rotating means) 16 Connecting rod (part of rotating means) 17 Connecting rod (part of rotating means) 21 Cylinder device (extrusion means) 22 Storage case 25 Rotation shaft (part of rotation means) 27 Nozzle for jet water injection (sediment removal means) 30 Rotation block (part of rotation means) 50 Penetration test device

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Shigeo Sakaino 1-20-10 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo Nishimatsu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yasuhiko Sato 1-20-10 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo Nishimatsu Construction F term in the company (reference) 2D043 AA02 AB03 AC05 BB02 BC03

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A penetration tester for performing a penetration test by penetrating the ground laterally from a hole drilled in the ground in a vertical direction, wherein the insertion case is inserted in the hole along the depth direction. A penetration test means that is arranged along the same direction as the depth direction of the hole in the insertion case and penetrates into the ground to perform a penetration test, and is arranged behind the penetration test means in the insertion case. An extruding means for extruding the penetration test means to penetrate the ground; and, in a state where the insertion case is inserted into the hole, the penetration test means and the extrusion means are integrated from the longitudinal direction with respect to the insertion case. A rotating means for rotating the penetration test means and the pushing means by the rotating means, and a sediment removing means for removing sediment that hinders rotation when the rotating means is rotated. ON tester. 2. The transverse penetration tester according to claim 1, wherein said penetration test means is a three-component cone penetration tester capable of measuring at least a tip load, a peripheral friction and a gap pressure. The penetration tester is further housed in the insertion case in a state of being housed in the storage case, and the three-component penetration tester is rotated in the state of being housed in the storage case by the rotating means. A lateral penetration tester characterized by being pushed out of the storage case into the ground. 3. A penetration test method using a lateral penetration tester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a hole is formed in the ground in a vertical direction, and the penetration test means and the pushing means are housed in an insertion case. In this state, the transverse penetration tester is inserted into the hole, and then the penetration testing means and the pushing means are rotated from the longitudinal direction to the transverse direction by the rotating means, and the sediment hindering the rotation is removed by the sediment removing means. Then, the penetration test means is pushed out into the ground by the extrusion means while the penetration test means is oriented in the lateral direction, and a penetration test is performed.Then, the penetration tester is pulled back by the extrusion means, A penetration test method wherein the penetration test means and the pushing means are housed in an insertion case by the rotating means, and the insertion case is taken out of the hole.