JP2002316662A - Steering device of agricultural tractor - Google Patents
Steering device of agricultural tractorInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002316662A JP2002316662A JP2002069117A JP2002069117A JP2002316662A JP 2002316662 A JP2002316662 A JP 2002316662A JP 2002069117 A JP2002069117 A JP 2002069117A JP 2002069117 A JP2002069117 A JP 2002069117A JP 2002316662 A JP2002316662 A JP 2002316662A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- steering
- transmission
- continuously variable
- traveling
- interlocked
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 108010066278 cabin-4 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 101100214867 Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus AC53 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Guiding Agricultural Machines (AREA)
- Harvester Elements (AREA)
- Non-Deflectable Wheels, Steering Of Trailers, Or Other Steering (AREA)
- Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、農業用トラクタの
操向装置に関する。The present invention relates to a steering device for an agricultural tractor.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、農業用トラクタにおいて、左右走
行部にそれぞれ連動連結した無段変速機の駆動速度を異
ならせて、機体を旋回させるようにしたものがある。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been an agricultural tractor in which a continuously variable transmission interlockingly linked to a left and right traveling unit has a different drive speed to turn the body.
【0003】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、左右無段変
速機にそれぞれ左右操向レバーを連動連結して、左右無
段変速機を個別に操作するように構成されているため操
向操作が難しく、更に、左右無段変速機の個体差や、左
右無段変速機を操作する左右操作機構の不揃いやガタが
原因で、直進性が悪く、また、左右無段変速機が相互関
連なく制御されているので、旋回が円滑に行われず、そ
のため圃場面を傷めるという問題がある。However, since the left and right continuously variable transmissions are connected to the left and right continuously variable transmissions to operate the left and right continuously variable transmissions individually, the steering operation is difficult. In addition, due to individual differences between the left and right continuously variable transmissions, irregularities in the left and right operation mechanisms for operating the left and right continuously variable transmissions, and looseness, straightness is poor, and the left and right continuously variable transmissions are controlled without mutual relation. Therefore, there is a problem that the turning is not performed smoothly, thereby damaging the field scene.
【0004】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】そこで、本発明では、エ
ンジンに走行用変速機を連動連結し、同走行用変速機に
左右走行部の各駆動軸を連動連結して、各駆動軸を走行
用変速機により相互に同一回転方向に駆動させる一方、
エンジンに操向用無段変速機を連動連結し、同操向用無
段変速機に左右走行部の各駆動軸を連動連結して、各駆
動軸を操向用無段変速機により相互に逆回転方向に駆動
させて、両変速機により各駆動軸の回転数を増減させて
機体を旋回増減速可能とした農業用トラクタであって、
ステアリングホイールを操向用増減速機構を介して操向
用無段変速機に連動連結する一方、前後進変速レバーを
走行用変速機に連動連結すると共に、前後進変速レバー
の前・後進側操作に連動する前後進切換機構を設けて、
同前後進切換機構により、ステアリングホイールの回動
方向と機体の旋回方向とを一致させたことを特徴とする
農業用トラクタの操向装置を提供するものである。Therefore, according to the present invention, a driving transmission is interlocked to the engine, and the driving shafts of the left and right driving sections are interlocked to the driving transmission to drive the driving shafts. Drive in mutually the same rotation direction by the transmission for
The steering continuously variable transmission is linked to the engine, and the drive shafts of the left and right traveling parts are linked to the same continuously variable transmission, and each drive shaft is connected to each other by the steering continuously variable transmission. An agricultural tractor that is driven in the reverse rotation direction, and the number of rotations of each drive shaft is increased / decreased by both transmissions so that the aircraft can be turned and accelerated / decelerated,
The steering wheel is connected to the continuously variable transmission for steering via the steering speed increasing / decreasing mechanism, while the forward / reverse transmission lever is connected to the transmission for traveling, and the forward / backward operation of the forward / backward transmission lever is connected. A forward / backward switching mechanism linked to
An object of the present invention is to provide a steering device for an agricultural tractor, wherein the turning direction of a steering wheel and the turning direction of an airframe are made to coincide with each other by the forward / reverse switching mechanism.
【0005】[0005]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明の実施の形態について図面
を参照して説明する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
【0006】図1は、本発明に係る走行駆動装置DRを具
備する農業用トラクタTRの側面図であり、同農業用トラ
クタTRはクローラ式の左右走行部1L,1R を装備した機体
フレーム2の上面前部に原動機部3を載設し、その後方
にキャビン4を載設して、同キャビン4中に運転部5を
配置している。FIG. 1 is a side view of an agricultural tractor TR provided with a traveling drive device DR according to the present invention. The prime mover unit 3 is mounted on the front of the upper surface, and the cabin 4 is mounted on the rear of the prime mover unit 3.
【0007】運転部5は前部にステアリングホイール6
を操向回動自在に配置し、その後方に所定間隔を保持し
て座席7を配置し、同座席の右側方に前後進変速レバー
8を前後傾動自在に立設している。図中、9は走行部フ
レーム、10は履帯、11は駆動輪、12は遊動輪、13は下部
転輪、14は上部転輪、15はロアリンク、16は作業機昇降
機構である。The driving section 5 has a steering wheel 6 at the front.
Is arranged so as to be steerable and rotatable, and a seat 7 is arranged behind the seat at a predetermined interval, and a forward / reverse speed change lever 8 is erected on the right side of the seat so as to be tiltable forward and backward. In the drawing, reference numeral 9 denotes a traveling unit frame, 10 denotes a crawler belt, 11 denotes a drive wheel, 12 denotes an idle wheel, 13 denotes a lower wheel, 14 denotes an upper wheel, 15 denotes a lower link, and 16 denotes a work machine elevating mechanism.
【0008】図2及び図3は走行駆動装置DRの配置を示
しており、機体の前後中心線に沿って、前方から原動機
部3に搭載したエンジン17、フロントミッション18、リ
アミッション19の順に配置して、フロントミッション18
の後面に、可変容量型油圧ポンプと定容量型油圧モータ
とで構成した静油圧式の操向用無段変速機20を取付け、
リアミッション19の前面に、可変容量型油圧ポンプと定
容量型油圧モータとで構成した走行用変速機としての静
油圧式の走行用無段変速機21を取付けており、動力伝達
の順に走行駆動装置DRの各部について説明する。FIGS. 2 and 3 show the arrangement of the traveling drive unit DR. An engine 17, a front transmission 18, and a rear transmission 19 are mounted in this order from the front along the front-rear center line of the fuselage. And the front mission 18
On the rear surface, a hydrostatic steering continuously variable transmission 20 composed of a variable displacement hydraulic pump and a constant displacement hydraulic motor is attached,
At the front of the rear transmission 19, a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission 21 as a traveling transmission composed of a variable displacement hydraulic pump and a constant displacement hydraulic motor is mounted, and travels in the order of power transmission. Each part of the device DR will be described.
【0009】図4及び図5はフロントミッション18、図
6はリアミッション19を示しており、エンジン17とダブ
ルフックジョイント22を介して連動連結したフロントミ
ッション入力軸23を、ギヤトレイン25を介して前記操向
用無段変速機20の入力軸20aに連動連結し、同入力軸20a
の後端を、フロントミッション18とリアミッション19
との間に設けたユニバーサルジョイント26,26 と第1連
動軸27とを介し、前記走行用無段変速機21の入力軸21a
の前端に連動連結しており、同入力軸21a の後端は、リ
アミッション19中に設けた動力取出しクラッチ29と中立
及び2段変速可能の動力取出し変速部30と噛合減速歯車
30a とを介して動力取出し軸31に連動連結している。FIGS. 4 and 5 show a front transmission 18, and FIG. 6 shows a rear transmission 19. A front transmission input shaft 23, which is interlocked with an engine 17 via a double hook joint 22, is connected via a gear train 25. The input shaft 20a of the steering continuously variable transmission 20 is operatively connected to the input shaft 20a.
Rear end, front mission 18 and rear mission 19
And the input shaft 21a of the traveling continuously variable transmission 21 via universal joints 26, 26 provided between
The rear end of the input shaft 21a has a power take-off clutch 29 provided in the rear transmission 19, a power take-out transmission section 30 capable of neutral and two-stage shifting, and a meshing reduction gear.
The power take-out shaft 31 is interlockingly connected to the power take-out shaft 31 through the shaft 30a.
【0010】一方、走行用無段変速機21の出力軸21b
は、走行用クラッチ32と中立及び3段変速可能の副変速
部33を介してリアミッション出力軸34に連動連結してお
り、リアミッション出力軸34の前端は、ユニバーサルジ
ョイント26,26 と第2連動軸35とを介し、フロントミッ
ション18の後面に軸支した前入力軸36の後端に連動連結
しており、前入力軸36の前端に形成した走行用噛合傘歯
車37を介し、左右走行部駆動軸38L,38R の間に軸支した
中間軸39に連動連結している。On the other hand, the output shaft 21b of the traveling continuously variable transmission 21
Is linked to a rear transmission output shaft 34 via a traveling clutch 32 and a subtransmission portion 33 capable of neutral and three-speed shifting. The front end of the rear transmission output shaft 34 is connected to universal joints 26 and 26 and the second Via an interlocking shaft 35, it is interlockingly connected to the rear end of a front input shaft 36 pivotally supported on the rear surface of the front transmission 18, and travels left and right through a running mesh bevel gear 37 formed at the front end of the front input shaft 36. It is interlockingly connected to an intermediate shaft 39 supported between the drive shafts 38L and 38R.
【0011】上記左右走行部駆動軸38L,38R は、中間軸
39の左右側に配設した左右遊星歯車機構40L,40R の左右
プラネタリギヤ41L,41R と左右ケージ42L,42R とを介
し、左右走行部1L,1R の左右駆動輪11L,11R にそれぞれ
連動連結しており、中間軸39の左右両端に上記左右遊星
歯車機構40L,40R の左右アウタギヤ43L,43R を嵌着して
いる。The left and right traveling unit drive shafts 38L and 38R are intermediate shafts.
Via left and right planetary gears 40L, 40R and left and right cages 42L, 42R of left and right planetary gear mechanisms 40L, 40R disposed on the left and right sides of 39, respectively, are linked to left and right drive wheels 11L, 11R of left and right traveling parts 1L, 1R. The left and right outer gears 43L, 43R of the left and right planetary gear mechanisms 40L, 40R are fitted to the left and right ends of the intermediate shaft 39, respectively.
【0012】一方、操向用無段変速機20の出力軸20b の
前端に操向用原動傘歯車45を形成し、同操向用原動傘歯
車45に、左右操向軸46L,46R の内側端に嵌着した左右操
向用受動傘歯車47L,47R を噛合させて差動歯車機構48を
構成しており、左右操向軸46L,46R の外側端と左右遊星
歯車機構40L,40R の左右サンギヤ49L,49R とを左右操向
用噛合歯車50L,50R を介してそれぞれ連動連結してお
り、左右操向軸46L,46Rの内側端に形成したスプライン5
1L,51R と、同スプライン51L,51R に嵌合可能のスリー
ブ51a よりなるデフロック機構51を設けて、左右操向軸
46L,46R の回動を阻止できるようにしている。図6中、
52はブレーキである。On the other hand, a steering driving bevel gear 45 is formed at the front end of the output shaft 20b of the continuously variable steering transmission 20. A differential gear mechanism 48 is formed by meshing the left and right passive passive bevel gears 47L and 47R fitted to the ends, and the outer end of the left and right steering shafts 46L and 46R and the left and right of the left and right planetary gear mechanisms 40L and 40R. The sun gears 49L and 49R are interlockingly connected via left and right steering meshing gears 50L and 50R, respectively, and a spline 5 formed at the inner end of the left and right steering shafts 46L and 46R.
1L, 51R and a differential lock mechanism 51 consisting of a sleeve 51a that can be fitted to the splines 51L, 51R are provided.
46L and 46R can be prevented from rotating. In FIG.
52 is a brake.
【0013】次に、図7〜図11を参照して操向装置ST
について説明する。Next, the steering device ST will be described with reference to FIGS.
Will be described.
【0014】操向装置STは、図7及び図8で示すよう
に、キャビン4の前側内面にステー54を突設し、同ステ
ー54の後端に前低後高の傾斜状態で固着したステアリン
グポスト55に、上端にステアリングホイール6を取付け
たステアリング軸56を回動自在に挿通し、ステアリング
軸56の下端をユニバーサルジョイント26,26 と延長軸57
とを介し、キャビン4の床の下面に取付けたステアリン
グボックス58の上面から突出した操作入力軸59に連動連
結している。As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a steering device ST is provided with a stay 54 projecting from a front inner surface of the cabin 4 and fixed to a rear end of the stay 54 in a front-low-back-high inclination state. A steering shaft 56 having the steering wheel 6 attached to the upper end is rotatably inserted into the post 55, and the lower end of the steering shaft 56 is connected to the universal joints 26 and 26 and the extension shaft 57.
And an operation input shaft 59 protruding from an upper surface of a steering box 58 attached to the lower surface of the floor of the cabin 4.
【0015】ステアリングボックス58の内部には操向用
増減速機構SAを設けて、操向用無段変速機20の回転速度
をステアリングホイール6の操作量に比例させるように
している。A steering acceleration / deceleration mechanism SA is provided inside the steering box 58 so that the rotational speed of the continuously variable steering transmission 20 is proportional to the operation amount of the steering wheel 6.
【0016】操向用増減速機構SAは、図9〜図11で示
すように、同ステアリングボックス58中にラック支持軸
60を左右方向に架設し、ラック支持軸60の前面にラック
61を取付けたラック支持体61a を左右摺動自在に外嵌
し、同ラック61に前記操作入力軸59の下端に形成したピ
ニオン62を噛合させると共に、同ラック支持体61a の下
面に、断面が下方開口略コ字形状の傾動体63の中央部を
左右回動自在に枢着すると共に、ステアリングボックス
58の底壁を挿通した作動軸64の内側端に連設した内部作
動レバー65の先端部に突設した作動ピン66を、上記傾動
体63の開口内部にボールベアリング67を介して挿入し、
作動軸64の外側端に外部作動レバー68を連設し、同外部
作動レバー68を連結ロッド69と操向変速レバー70a とを
介して前記操向用無段変速機20の操向用変速操作軸70に
連動連結している。As shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the steering acceleration / deceleration mechanism SA includes a rack support shaft in the steering box 58.
60 is installed in the left and right direction, and the rack is
A rack support 61a to which 61 is attached is slidably fitted to the outside of the rack 61, a pinion 62 formed at the lower end of the operation input shaft 59 is engaged with the rack 61, and a cross section is formed on the lower surface of the rack support 61a. The central part of the tilting body 63 having a substantially U-shaped lower opening is pivotally connected to the left and right pivotally, and a steering box is provided.
Inserting an operating pin 66 projecting from the tip of an internal operating lever 65 connected to the inner end of an operating shaft 64 through the bottom wall of 58 through a ball bearing 67 inside the opening of the tilting body 63,
An external operating lever 68 is connected to the outer end of the operating shaft 64, and the external operating lever 68 is connected to the steering continuously variable transmission 20 via a connecting rod 69 and a steering shift lever 70a. It is linked to the shaft 70.
【0017】また、ステアリングボックス58中に左右方
向に伸延した螺杆71を架設し、同螺杆71に復座付勢体72
を外嵌しており、復座付勢体72は上記ラック61に固着し
た筒体73にコイルスプリング74を収納し、同コイルスプ
リング74の両端をそれぞれワッシャ75,75 と止め輪76,7
6 とで内側方向には摺動自在、外側方向には摺動不可に
固定し、螺杆71の上記ワッシャ75,75 の外側位置に螺着
した調整ナット77,77により復座付勢体72を支持してい
る。A screw rod 71 extending in the left-right direction is installed in the steering box 58, and the return rod urging member 72 is attached to the screw rod 71.
The return seat biasing body 72 accommodates a coil spring 74 in a cylindrical body 73 fixed to the rack 61, and has both ends of the coil spring 74 with washers 75, 75 and retaining rings 76, 7, respectively.
6) The return seat biasing body 72 is fixed by the adjustment nuts 77, 77 which are slidable in the inward direction and non-slidable in the outward direction, and which are screwed to the outer positions of the washers 75, 75 of the screw rod 71. I support it.
【0018】また、ステアリングボックス58中に前後進
切換機構SBを設けて、後述する前後進変速レバー8の前
後傾動に連動して、操向用無段変速機20出力の回転方向
を反転させることにより、前後進に関係なくステアリン
グホイール6の回動方向に機体を旋回させるようにして
いる。Further, a forward / reverse switching mechanism SB is provided in the steering box 58 to reverse the rotational direction of the output of the continuously variable transmission 20 for steering in conjunction with the forward / backward tilt of the forward / reverse transmission lever 8 described later. Thus, the body is turned in the turning direction of the steering wheel 6 regardless of the forward / backward movement.
【0019】前後進切換機構SBは、左右方向に伸延した
傾動軸78を回動自在に架設し、同傾動軸78にボールスプ
ライン79を介して摺動体80を左右摺動自在に外嵌し、同
摺動体80の下方延設部80a と前記傾動体63とを連結杆81
を介して連動連結すると共に、傾動軸78の突出端部に傾
動操作レバー82を連設し、同傾動操作レバー82に固定端
を機体フレーム2に枢着した傾動用油圧シリンダ83の作
動端と、傾動軸78を中立位置に復帰させる復座機構84を
連動連結している。The forward / reverse switching mechanism SB has a tilting shaft 78 extending in the left-right direction rotatably mounted, and a sliding body 80 is externally fitted to the tilting shaft 78 via a ball spline 79 so as to be slidable left and right. A connecting rod 81 connects the downwardly extending portion 80a of the sliding body 80 and the tilting body 63.
The tilting operation lever 82 is connected to the protruding end of the tilting shaft 78, and a fixed end of the tilting operation lever 82 is pivotally connected to the body frame 2 with an operating end of a tilting hydraulic cylinder 83. A return mechanism 84 for returning the tilt shaft 78 to the neutral position is interlockingly connected.
【0020】また、図7及び図8で示すように、機体フ
レーム2の座席7の右側方に立設した前後進変速レバー
支持体85の上端部を挿通した支軸86を介して前後進変速
レバー8を前後傾動自在に軸支し、同支軸86に略逆T字
形状の前後進変速板87を連設し、前後進変速板87の後端
を第1前後進変速ロッド88、ベルクランク88a 、第2前
後進変速ロッド88b 及び走行速度操作レバー89を介して
走行用無段変速機21の走行速度操作軸90に連動連結して
いる。As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the forward / reverse speed change is performed through a support shaft 86 inserted through the upper end of a forward / reverse speed change lever support 85 erected on the right side of the seat 7 of the body frame 2. The lever 8 is pivotally supported so as to be capable of tilting forward and backward, and a substantially reverse T-shaped forward / reverse transmission plate 87 is continuously provided on the support shaft 86. The rear end of the forward / reverse transmission plate 87 is connected to a first forward / reverse transmission rod 88 and a bell. It is operatively connected to a traveling speed operating shaft 90 of the continuously variable transmission 21 through a crank 88a, a second forward / reverse shifting rod 88b and a traveling speed operating lever 89.
【0021】また、上記前後進変速板87の前端には、前
後進変速レバー8を中立位置に復帰させる復座機構84を
連結している。なお、上記復座機構84は、前記復座付勢
体72と略同様に構成されており、筒体側が機体フレーム
2に固定され、螺杆側を前後進変速板87に連結した点で
前記とは異なる。A return mechanism 84 for returning the forward / reverse transmission lever 8 to the neutral position is connected to the front end of the forward / reverse transmission plate 87. The return mechanism 84 has substantially the same configuration as the return biasing body 72, and has the same structure as that described above except that the cylindrical body side is fixed to the body frame 2 and the screw side is connected to the forward / reverse transmission plate 87. Is different.
【0022】また、前後進変速レバー8には前後進検出
センサSEが連動連結しており、同前後進検出センサSE
は、上記前後進変速レバー支持体85の上端部にスイッチ
支持板91を連設し、同スイッチ支持板91に前進スイッチ
93と後進スイッチ94とを取付けて、前後進変速レバー8
が前進側に操作されたときには、前後進変速板87の前端
部と前進スイッチ93とが当接して前進スイッチ93だけが
ONし、前後進変速レバー8が後進側に操作されたとき
には、前後進変速板87の後端部と後進スイッチ94とが当
接して後進スイッチ94だけがONし、中立位置では両方
のスイッチ93,94がOFFするようにしており、各スイ
ッチ93,94 を前記傾動用油圧シリンダ83に連通連結した
電磁油圧方向制御弁92に接続して、各スイッチ93,94 の
検出出力により電磁油圧方向制御弁92の油路を切換え
て、傾動用油圧シリンダ83に伸縮作動させるようにして
いる。The forward / reverse shift lever 8 is linked with a forward / backward detection sensor SE.
The switch support plate 91 is connected to the upper end of the forward / reverse shift lever support 85, and the forward switch is connected to the switch support plate 91.
93 and the reverse switch 94 are attached,
Is operated forward, the forward end of the forward / reverse transmission plate 87 contacts the forward switch 93, and only the forward switch 93 is turned on. When the forward / reverse transmission lever 8 is operated backward, the forward / backward movement is performed. The rear end of the transmission plate 87 abuts the reverse switch 94 so that only the reverse switch 94 is turned on. At the neutral position, both switches 93 and 94 are turned off. It is connected to an electromagnetic hydraulic directional control valve 92 which is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 83, and switches the oil passage of the electromagnetic hydraulic directional control valve 92 according to the detection output of each switch 93, 94 so that the tilt hydraulic cylinder 83 can be extended and contracted. I have to.
【0023】本発明の実施形態は上記のように構成され
ており、エンジン17により走行用無段変速機21と操向用
無段変速機20とに動力を伝達しておき、前後進変速レバ
ー8を操作すると、走行用無段変速機21が、前後進変速
レバー8の操作量に対応した速度でリアミッション19の
副変速部33と、フロントミッション18の左右遊星歯車機
構40L,40R とを介し、左右走行部1L,1R の左右駆動輪11
L,11R を駆動して、前後進変速レバー8の操作量に対応
した速度で農業用トラクタTRを前後進させることができ
る。The embodiment of the present invention is constructed as described above. The engine 17 transmits power to the continuously variable transmission 21 for traveling and the continuously variable transmission 20 for steering, and the forward / reverse speed change lever is used. When the transmission 8 is operated, the traveling continuously variable transmission 21 causes the sub transmission portion 33 of the rear transmission 19 and the left and right planetary gear mechanisms 40L, 40R of the front transmission 18 to move at a speed corresponding to the operation amount of the forward / reverse transmission lever 8. The left and right driving wheels 11 of the left and right traveling units 1L, 1R
By driving L, 11R, the agricultural tractor TR can be moved forward and backward at a speed corresponding to the operation amount of the forward / reverse shift lever 8.
【0024】また、副変速部33を操作して変速比を変更
することにより、走行用無段変速機21の効率のよい回転
数範囲内で、広い範囲の走行速度に対応することができ
る。Further, by operating the auxiliary transmission portion 33 to change the gear ratio, it is possible to cope with a wide range of traveling speeds within the range of the number of revolutions in which the continuously variable transmission 21 is efficient.
【0025】また、ステアリングホイール6を操作して
操向用無段変速機20を作動させると、差動歯車機構48の
作用により、左右遊星歯車機構40L,40R の左右サンギヤ
49L,49R が互いに逆方向に回動するので、左右駆動輪11
L,11R の回転速度を相補的に増減させて農業用トラクタ
TRを旋回させることができる。When the steering continuously variable transmission 20 is operated by operating the steering wheel 6, the operation of the differential gear mechanism 48 causes the left and right sun gears of the left and right planetary gear mechanisms 40L and 40R to operate.
Since 49L and 49R rotate in opposite directions, the left and right drive wheels 11
Agricultural tractor by increasing or decreasing the rotation speed of L, 11R complementarily
TR can be turned.
【0026】次に操向装置STの作用について説明する。
ステアリングホイール6を操作すると、ステアリング軸
56下端のピニオン62と噛合したラック61がステアリング
ホイール6の操作方向に対応した方向に摺動する。Next, the operation of the steering device ST will be described.
When the steering wheel 6 is operated, the steering shaft
The rack 61 engaged with the pinion 62 at the lower end of 56 slides in a direction corresponding to the operation direction of the steering wheel 6.
【0027】このとき、前後進変速レバー8の操作方向
により、前後進スイッチ93,94 のいずれかがONして、
電磁油圧方向制御弁92を介し傾動用油圧シリンダ83を作
動させ、傾動軸78とボールスプライン79とを介し、ステ
アリングボックス58中の傾動体63を傾斜させているの
で、傾動体63の開口部に挿入した作動ピン66が、上記ラ
ック61の移動軌跡に略直交する軌跡で、かつ、ステアリ
ングホイール6の操作量に対応した量だけ移動し、内部
作動レバー65、作動軸64、外部作動レバー68及び連結ロ
ッド69を介して操向用無段変速機20の操向用変速操作軸
70に伝達され、それまで中立状態にあって吐出量がゼロ
であった可変容量型油圧ポンプから、ステアリングホイ
ール6の操作量に対応した回転数で操向用無段変速機20
が出力し、差動歯車機構48を介して左右遊星歯車機構40
L,40R の左右サンギヤ49 L,49R を回動させる。At this time, depending on the operation direction of the forward / reverse speed change lever 8, one of the forward / reverse switches 93 and 94 is turned ON,
The tilt hydraulic cylinder 83 is operated via the electromagnetic hydraulic direction control valve 92, and the tilt body 63 in the steering box 58 is tilted via the tilt shaft 78 and the ball spline 79. The inserted operating pin 66 moves along a path substantially orthogonal to the movement path of the rack 61 and by an amount corresponding to the operation amount of the steering wheel 6, and the internal operation lever 65, the operation shaft 64, the external operation lever 68, and Steering transmission operation shaft of the continuously variable transmission 20 via the connecting rod 69
From the variable displacement hydraulic pump, which was in the neutral state and had a discharge amount of zero, at a rotational speed corresponding to the operation amount of the steering wheel 6,
Output, and through the differential gear mechanism 48, the left and right planetary gear mechanism 40
Rotate the left and right sun gears 49 L, 49R of L, 40R.
【0028】このように、ステアリングホイール6の操
作を、前後進変速レバー8の操作方向に応じて傾動方向
を変化させる傾動体63を介して操向用無段変速機20の操
向用変速操作軸70に伝達することにより、農業用トラク
タTRの前後進に関係なくステアリングホイール6の回動
方向と同一方向に農業用トラクタTRを旋回させることが
できる。As described above, the operation of the steering wheel 6 is controlled by the steering shift operation of the continuously variable transmission 20 via the tilting body 63 that changes the tilting direction in accordance with the operation direction of the forward / reverse speed change lever 8. By transmitting the signal to the shaft 70, the agricultural tractor TR can be turned in the same direction as the turning direction of the steering wheel 6 regardless of the forward / backward movement of the agricultural tractor TR.
【0029】なお、傾動体63を介せずにステアリングホ
イール6を操向用無段変速機の操向用変速操作軸70に連
動連結すると、前後進のいずれかの場合に、ステアリン
グホイール6の回動方向と農業用トラクタTRの旋回方向
とが逆になり、操向操作が極めて難しくなる。When the steering wheel 6 is connected to the steering speed change operation shaft 70 of the steering continuously variable transmission without the intermediary of the tilting body 63, the steering wheel 6 can be moved forward or backward in any case. The turning direction is opposite to the turning direction of the agricultural tractor TR, and the steering operation becomes extremely difficult.
【0030】また、前後進変速レバー8が中立状態、即
ち、機体が停止しているときは、前後進検出センサSEの
前後進スイッチ93,94 が両方とも出力しないので、傾動
用油圧シリンダ83内の油圧が開放されて、復座機構84に
より傾動軸78が中立位置に復帰する。この状態では傾動
体63が前後進いずれの側にも傾斜していないので、ステ
アリングホイール6を回動させても作動ピン66が中立位
置を保持するので、操向用無段変速機20が停止状態を保
持し、従って、機体の旋回は行われないことになる。When the forward / reverse speed change lever 8 is in the neutral state, that is, when the machine is stopped, both the forward / reverse switches 93 and 94 of the forward / backward detection sensor SE do not output. Is released, and the tilting shaft 78 is returned to the neutral position by the return mechanism 84. In this state, since the tilting body 63 is not tilted to any side in the forward or backward direction, the operation pin 66 maintains the neutral position even when the steering wheel 6 is rotated, so that the continuously variable steering transmission 20 stops. The state is maintained, and therefore, no turning of the aircraft is performed.
【0031】また、差動歯車機構48のデフロック機構51
により、左右サンギヤ49L,49R を固定させて、左右駆動
輪11L,11R の回動速度を同一にすることにより、農業用
トラクタTRの直進性を向上することができる。The differential lock mechanism 51 of the differential gear mechanism 48
Thus, by fixing the left and right sun gears 49L and 49R and making the rotation speeds of the left and right driving wheels 11L and 11R the same, it is possible to improve the straightness of the agricultural tractor TR.
【0032】[0032]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、次のような効果を得る
ことができる。According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
【0033】すなわち、本発明では、エンジンに走行用
変速機を連動連結し、同走行用変速機に左右走行部の各
駆動軸を連動連結して、各駆動軸を走行用変速機により
相互に同一回転方向に駆動させる一方、エンジンに操向
用無段変速機を連動連結し、同操向用無段変速機に左右
走行部の各駆動軸を連動連結して、各駆動軸を操向用無
段変速機により相互に逆回転方向に駆動させて、両変速
機により各駆動軸の回転数を増減させて機体を旋回増減
速可能とした農業用トラクタであって、ステアリングホ
イールを操向用無段変速機に連動連結する一方、前後進
変速レバーを走行用変速機に連動連結している。That is, in the present invention, a driving transmission is interlocked to the engine, and the driving shafts of the left and right driving sections are interlocked to the driving transmission, and the driving shafts are mutually connected by the driving transmission. While driving in the same direction of rotation, the engine is connected with a continuously variable transmission for steering, and the continuously variable transmission for steering is connected with the drive shafts of the left and right traveling sections to steer each drive shaft. Agricultural tractor that can be driven in opposite directions by a continuously variable transmission for both sides to increase or decrease the number of rotations of each drive shaft by using both transmissions so that the aircraft can be turned and decelerated, and the steering wheel is steered. The forward / reverse speed change lever is connected to the traveling transmission while being linked to the continuously variable transmission.
【0034】従って、走行用変速機により左右走行部の
回転方向を、例えば、正回転駆動させて、機体を前進走
行させている状態で、操向用無段変速機により左走行部
の回転方向を、例えば、正回転駆動させると共に、右走
行部の回転方向を逆回転駆動させると、左走行部は両変
速機により増速駆動されると共に、右走行部は両変速機
により減速駆動されて、円滑に機体を右旋回させること
ができる。Therefore, the rotational direction of the left and right traveling sections is rotated forward by, for example, forward rotation by the traveling transmission, and the rotational direction of the left traveling section is rotated by the steering continuously variable transmission. For example, if the right running unit is driven to rotate forward and the right running unit is driven to rotate in the reverse direction, the left running unit is driven to increase speed by both transmissions, and the right running unit is driven to reduce speed by both transmissions. The aircraft can be turned to the right smoothly.
【0035】この際、左右走行部は、機体の旋回操作時
に、両変速機により相補的に増減速させることができる
ために、機体を緩旋回から急旋回にわたって円滑に旋回
させることができると共に、旋回時に左右走行部により
圃場を傷めるという不具合の発生を防止することができ
る。At this time, the left and right traveling parts can be complementarily accelerated and decelerated by the two transmissions during the turning operation of the body, so that the body can be smoothly turned from a gentle turn to a sharp turn. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of a problem that the field is damaged by the left and right traveling parts during turning.
【0036】そして、一個のステアリングホイールで機
体の旋回を制御することができて操作が容易になり、し
かも、前述した左右操作機構の不揃いやガタに起因する
不具合が解消されるので、直進性が良くなり、更に、ス
テアリングホイールでは微妙な操向操作が可能であるか
ら、任意の旋回半径で、しかも、円滑に機体を旋回させ
ることができる。The turning of the fuselage can be controlled by one steering wheel, so that the operation can be facilitated. Further, since the above-mentioned irregularities of the left and right operation mechanisms and the problems caused by the play are eliminated, the straight traveling performance can be improved. Since the steering wheel can perform a delicate steering operation with the steering wheel, the aircraft can be smoothly turned at an arbitrary turning radius.
【0037】しかも、前後進変速レバーの前・後進側操
作に連動する前後進切換機構を設けて、同前後進切換機
構により、ステアリングホイールの回動方向と機体の旋
回方向とを一致させるようにしている。In addition, a forward / reverse switching mechanism is provided which is interlocked with the forward / reverse operation of the forward / reverse shift lever, so that the turning direction of the steering wheel and the turning direction of the body are matched by the forward / backward switching mechanism. ing.
【0038】このように、ステアリングホイールの回動
方向と機体の旋回方向とを一致させたことによって、機
体の前後進行方向に関係なく旋回したい方向にステアリ
ングホイールを回動操作すれば良いので、操向操作が容
易になり、安全性を高めることができる。As described above, since the turning direction of the steering wheel and the turning direction of the body are made coincident with each other, the steering wheel can be turned in the direction in which the turning is desired regardless of the forward and backward traveling directions of the body. Direction operation becomes easy, and safety can be improved.
【図1】本発明に係る走行部駆動装置を具備する農業用
トラクタの全体側面図。FIG. 1 is an overall side view of an agricultural tractor including a traveling unit drive device according to the present invention.
【図2】上記走行部駆動装置の概略構成を示す模式平面
図。FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing a schematic configuration of the traveling unit driving device.
【図3】上記走行部駆動装置の構成を示す平面図。FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a configuration of the traveling unit driving device.
【図4】フロントミッションの構成を示す一部断面側面
図。FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing a configuration of a front transmission.
【図5】フロントミッションの構成を示す一部断面平面
図。FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional plan view showing a configuration of a front transmission.
【図6】リヤミッションの構成を示す一部断面側面図。FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing the configuration of a rear transmission.
【図7】操向装置の側面図。FIG. 7 is a side view of the steering device.
【図8】操向装置の正面図。FIG. 8 is a front view of the steering device.
【図9】ステアリングギヤボックスの断面側面図。FIG. 9 is a sectional side view of the steering gear box.
【図10】ステアリングギヤボックスの断面正面図。FIG. 10 is a sectional front view of the steering gear box.
【図11】ステアリングギヤボックスの断面平面図。FIG. 11 is a sectional plan view of a steering gear box.
DR 走行駆動装置 SA 操向用増減速機構 SB 前後進切換機構 SE 前後進検出センサ 1L,1R 左右走行部 6 ステアリングホイール 8 前後進変速レバー 20 操向用無段変速機 21 走行用無段変速機 58 ステアリングボックス DR Travel drive SA Steering acceleration / deceleration mechanism SB Forward / reverse switching mechanism SE Forward / backward detection sensor 1L, 1R Left / right traveling section 6 Steering wheel 8 Forward / reverse transmission lever 20 Steering continuously variable transmission 21 Continuously variable transmission for traveling 58 Steering box
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 FI テーマコート゛(参考) A01D 69/00 303 A01D 69/00 303Z Fターム(参考) 2B043 AA04 AB08 AB19 BA02 BA05 BB01 DA04 DC01 EA04 ED03 ED22 2B076 AA03 BA05 BA07 CC02 DA03 DA15 DC01 DD02 EA03 EB04 EB05 EC17 ED27 3D052 AA02 BB08 DD03 EE01 FF01 FF02 GG03 HH02 JJ09 JJ10 JJ21 3J067 AA01 AA18 AC04 AC42 AC53 AC55 BA32 BB07 BB14 FB61 GA14 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI theme coat ゛ (reference) A01D 69/00 303 A01D 69/00 303Z F term (reference) 2B043 AA04 AB08 AB19 BA02 BA05 BB01 DA04 DC01 EA04 ED03 ED22 2B076 AA03 BA05 BA07 CC02 DA03 DA15 DC01 DD02 EA03 EB04 EB05 EC17 ED27 3D052 AA02 BB08 DD03 EE01 FF01 FF02 GG03 HH02 JJ09 JJ10 JJ21 3J067 AA01 AA18 AC04 AC42 AC53 AC55 BA32 BB07 BB14 BB14
Claims (1)
し、同走行用変速機に左右走行部(1L)(1R)の各駆動軸(3
8L)(38R)を連動連結して、各駆動軸(38L)(38R)を走行用
変速機により相互に同一回転方向に駆動させる一方、エ
ンジン(17)に操向用無段変速機(20)を連動連結し、同操
向用無段変速機(20)に左右走行部(1L)(1R)の各駆動軸(3
8L)(38R)を連動連結して、各駆動軸(38L)(38R)を操向用
無段変速機(20)により相互に逆回転方向に駆動させて、
両変速機(21)(20)により各駆動軸(38L)(38R)の回転数を
増減させて機体を旋回増減速可能とした農業用トラクタ
(B)であって、 ステアリングホイール(6)を操向用増減速機構(SA)を介
して操向用無段変速機(20)に連動連結する一方、 前後進変速レバー(8)を走行用変速機に連動連結すると
共に、前後進変速レバー(8)の前・後進側操作に連動す
る前後進切換機構(SB)を設けて、同前後進切換機構(S
B)により、ステアリングホイール(6)の回動方向と機体
の旋回方向とを一致させたことを特徴とする農業用トラ
クタの操向装置。An engine (17) is connected with a traveling transmission in an interlocked manner, and the traveling transmission is connected to each drive shaft (3L) of the left and right traveling parts (1L) (1R).
8L) and (38R) are linked to each other, and the drive shafts (38L) and (38R) are mutually driven in the same rotational direction by the traveling transmission, while the engine (17) is driven by the continuously variable steering (20). ) And the drive shafts (3) of the left and right traveling parts (1L) (1R) are connected to the steering continuously variable transmission (20).
8L) and (38R) are interlocked, and the drive shafts (38L) and (38R) are driven in opposite directions by the continuously variable transmission for steering (20).
Agricultural tractor that can increase and decrease the rotation of the aircraft by increasing and decreasing the rotation speed of each drive shaft (38L) (38R) by both transmissions (21) (20)
(B), in which the steering wheel (6) is linked to the continuously variable steering transmission (20) via the steering acceleration / deceleration mechanism (SA), and the forward / reverse shift lever (8) is driven. A forward / reverse switching mechanism (SB) that is linked to the forward / reverse operation of the forward / reverse transmission lever (8),
B) The steering device for an agricultural tractor, wherein the turning direction of the steering wheel (6) and the turning direction of the aircraft are made to coincide with each other.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002069117A JP3626145B2 (en) | 2002-03-13 | 2002-03-13 | Agricultural tractor steering device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002069117A JP3626145B2 (en) | 2002-03-13 | 2002-03-13 | Agricultural tractor steering device |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP29965895A Division JPH09142332A (en) | 1995-11-17 | 1995-11-17 | Steering device for agricultural tractor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2002316662A true JP2002316662A (en) | 2002-10-29 |
JP3626145B2 JP3626145B2 (en) | 2005-03-02 |
Family
ID=19193137
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002069117A Expired - Fee Related JP3626145B2 (en) | 2002-03-13 | 2002-03-13 | Agricultural tractor steering device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP3626145B2 (en) |
-
2002
- 2002-03-13 JP JP2002069117A patent/JP3626145B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP3626145B2 (en) | 2005-03-02 |
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