JP2002306502A - External fixation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an external fixing device, which can be made compact and simple rather than a full ring type external fixing device, improved in strength against deforming power such as twisting rather than a uniplane type external fixing device. SOLUTION: One pin 21 to be inserted to one bone to be bonded and another pin 23 to be inserted to the other bone to be bonded are respectively held by a plurality of pin holders 22 and 24. On one side face and the other side face of each of a plurality of pin holders 22 and 24, a plurality of link members 32, which can be fixed by screws 31 inserted thereto, are attached. On the end part of the link member 32, which is provided on each of both the side faces of a plurality of pin holders 22 and 24, opposite to the side of the pin holder, a plurality of end members 36 are fixed by a screw 35 across a fixer mounting target face. A plurality of rods 41 for supporting both the sides of the pin holders 22 and 24 are fitted to be freely slid/turned to a plurality of end members 36 in the state of unfastening the screw.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an external fixator for directly fixing a fractured bone outside a human body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 8 shows a pin holder 13 for holding a pin 12 to be inserted into one bone 11 to be joined and a pin 15 to be inserted into another bone 14 to be joined. A uniplane type external fixator in which the other pin holder 16 to be supported is cantilevered by one rod 17 is shown.

[0003] The uniplane type external fixator has an advantage that the surgical procedure and the handling of the fixator are relatively easy. However, since it is a cantilever type, the rod becomes thick to secure the strength. Disadvantages are that the joints that are fixed will shift unless they are enlarged, and that the joints will be larger because they are far from the bone axis (the center of the bone), and will be easily deformed due to weak twisting. Also have.

Further, the Ilizarov-type external fixator, that is, the full-ring type external fixator can cope with any case by combining various parts, and is arranged in a truss-like shape, so that it has high strength. However, it is difficult to perform the surgical procedure because it is assembled from the frame. It also has disadvantages.

[0005]

As described above, the uniplane type external fixator and the full ring type external fixator are:
It has strengths and weaknesses that are two sides of the other, and cannot use both strengths.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and is more compact and simpler than a full-ring type external fixator, and has a deformation force such as twisting which is smaller than that of a uniplane type external fixator. It is an object of the present invention to provide an external fixator having excellent strength against the external fixation.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems According to the present invention, one pin inserted into one bone and the other pin inserted into the other bone to be joined to one bone,
A plurality of pin holders each holding these pins,
A plurality of connecting members which can be fixed to one side surface and the other side surface of each of the plurality of pin retainers by screws inserted into these side surfaces, and pin holding of the connecting members provided on both side surfaces of the plurality of pin retainers, respectively. At the end opposite to the organ side, a plurality of end members respectively fixed by screws in a direction crossing the bone to be joined, and a plurality of end members in a loosened state are slidably and rotatable. And a plurality of rods that are fitted to and support the pin retainer at both ends, and the plurality of pin retainers are supported at both ends by the plurality of rods via the end member and the connecting member. Even if the joint part fixed by the screw is small, the strength to securely fix the plurality of pin retainers can be obtained, it can be composed of a combination of parts that are easy to process, and the uniplane with cantilever support structure Creation of type Strong in torsion than the fixed device.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the external fixator according to the first aspect, relative rotation of the connecting member with respect to the pin retainer when the pin retainer and the connecting member are fixed with screws. An external fixation device provided with anti-rotation means for more reliably preventing the rotation of the connecting member with respect to the pin holder by the anti-rotation means more reliably than by simply screwing. Therefore, the plurality of pin holders can be more securely fixed to each other.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the external fixator according to the second aspect, the rotation preventing means has an inclined surface provided on a joint surface between the pin holder and the connecting member, The rotation of the connecting member relative to the pin holder can be easily prevented by joining the pin holder and the connecting member, which are tightened and fixed by the screw, on the inclined surface.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the external fixator according to the second aspect, the rotation preventing means includes at least one arc-shaped long hole provided in the connecting member and the connecting member passing through the long hole. A screw fixed to the pin retainer, wherein the connecting member is adjusted to an arbitrary angle within a range of at least one arc-shaped elongated hole with respect to the pin retainer, and then includes a screw in the elongated hole. Can be securely fixed by the screws.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the external fixator according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the connecting member comprises:
It is formed to be long along the fixed device mounting target surface, and by forming the connecting member to be long along the fixed device mounting target surface, the covering of the connecting member with respect to the fixed device mounting target surface is prevented. As the rods become larger and the rods on both sides approach a symmetrical position sandwiching the bone axis, and the deviation between the rods and the bone axis becomes smaller, the forces on the bones can be efficiently supported by the rods on both sides.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the external fixator according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the screw for fixing the pin retainer and the connecting member is a screw for fixing the pin of the pin retainer. By fixing one screw, the fixing of the pin holder and the connecting member and the fixing of the pin holder and the pin can be performed at one time.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided an external fixator according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the screw for fixing the pin retainer and the connecting member and the screw for fixing the pin of the pin retainer are provided. Are separately provided, and the adjustment of the pin holder and the connecting member, and the adjustment of the pin holder and the pin can be individually and reliably performed, and an operation procedure that is easy to perform in the fixing operation can be selected.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will now be described with reference to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, and the third embodiment shown in FIG. The embodiment will be described with reference to the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. In each of the embodiments, common parts include:
The same reference numerals are given to avoid duplicate description.

The first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, one pin 21 inserted into one bone is held by one pin retainer 22 and the other pin 21 is inserted into the other bone to be joined to one bone. Are held by the other pin holder 24.

The pins 21 and 23 are formed at the upper end portion of the pin main body 25 with a turning operation portion 26 for turning the pin main body 25, and are screwed under the pin main body 25 into the bone. Are formed.

The pin holders 22 and 24 are respectively provided with pin fitting grooves 29 on the opposing surfaces of two pin holding plate bodies 28.

A plurality of connecting members 32, which can be fixed by screws 31 inserted into these side surfaces, are mounted on one side surface and the other side surface of each of the pin holders 22, 24.

The connecting member 32 is formed by integrally forming a disk portion 34 at a predetermined angle on the pin holder side of the plate-shaped main body 33, and the screw 31 is connected to the disk portion 34 of the connecting member 32 on one side. It is inserted, penetrates through the pin holding plate main body 28 of the pin holders 22 and 24, and is screwed into the disk portion 34 of the connecting member 32 on the other side. The head of the screw 31 is formed in a hexagon.

Therefore, when the screw 31 is tightened with a wrench or the like, the pin holders 22 and 24 and the connecting members 32 on both sides thereof can be fixed, and the pin holders 22 and 24 and the pins 21 and 23 are fixed. Can be fixed.

Further, a screw 35 in a direction intersecting with the bone to be joined is provided at an end of the connecting member 32 provided on each of both side surfaces of each of the pin holders 22 and 24 on the opposite side to the pin holder side. A plurality of end members 36, which are respectively fixed by, are attached.

This end member 36 is a U-shaped molded body.
A rod fitting hole 38 is provided inside the folded portion of 37, and a screw insertion hole is provided at the tip portion in a 90 ° staggered shape.
A screw 35 inserted into the screw insertion hole is screwed to the end of the connecting member 32 opposite to the pin holder side. Screw 35
Has a hexagonal hole in the head.

In the rod fitting hole 38 of each end member 36 with the screw 35 loosened, two rods 41 for supporting the pin holders 22 and 24 at both ends are slidably and rotatably. They are freely fitted. A stopper 42 for locking the end member 36 is fitted to one end and the other end of each rod 41.

Therefore, when the screw 35 is tightened with a tool such as a hexagon wrench, the connecting member 32 and the end member 36 can be fixed, and the end member 36 and the rod 41 can be fixed.

Therefore, as shown in FIG.
By loosening 31 and screw 35, screw 31, screw 35,
Pin holders 22, 24, connecting members around three axes of rod 41
The rotation of the end member 32 and the end member 36 can be freely adjusted, and the slide adjustment of the end member 36 along the rod 41 can be performed.

In such a state, one of the pin holders 22
2, the other pin holder 24 can be twisted, bent, and expanded and contracted as shown in FIG. further,
The pin holders 22 and 24 enter the pin holding release state.

When the arm 21 is mounted on the arm 43 as shown in FIG. 3 in such an adjustable state, the pin 21 in the one pin holder 22 is screwed into one bone 44 to be joined. Also, the pin 23 in the other pin holder 24 is screwed into the other bone 45, and both the bones 44, 45 are pulled and rotated as necessary to reduce the bone to a state where it can be normally joined. In order to keep this state fixed, the screw 31 and the screw 35 are rotated in the tightening direction with a tool such as a wrench, and the pin holders 22 and 24, the respective connecting members 32, the respective end members 36 and the respective rods 41 are rotated. Is fixed.

As a result, the other pin 23 held by the other pin holder 24 is fixed to the one pin 21 held by the one pin holder 22.
One bone 44 and the other bone 45 integrated with 23 can be fixed in a reduced state.

In such an external fixator, a plurality of pin holders 22 and 24 are connected to a connecting member 32 and an end member 36 on both sides thereof.
, Through the two-sided support by a plurality of rods 41,
Even if the joint part fixed by the screws 31 and 35 is small, the strength to securely fix the pin holders 22 and 24 to each other can be obtained, and it can be composed of a combination of parts that can be easily processed. Stronger torsion than uniplane type external fixator with support structure.

Next, the second embodiment shown in FIG.
An external fixator having a rotation preventing means 51 for more reliably preventing the relative rotation of the connecting member 32 with respect to the pin holder 22 when the pin holder 22 and the connecting member 32 are fixed with the screw 31. is there.

That is, the rotation preventing means 51 shown in FIG.
Has an inclined surface 52 provided on the joint surface between the pin retainer 22 and the connecting member 32. In the illustrated example, the plate thickness of the pin holding plate body 28 on one side of the pin holder 22 is formed such that the upper portion is thinner and the lower portion is thicker, and the inclined surface 52 is provided. May be formed on the connecting member 32 side. Similarly, the pin holder 24 not shown in FIG.

Then, a connecting member 32 for the pin holders 22 and 24 is provided by a rotation preventing means 51 provided separately from the screw 31.
Relative rotation can be more reliably prevented as compared with simple screwing, and the plurality of pin holders 22, 24 can be more securely fixed to each other.

That is, by connecting the pin holders 22, 24 fastened and fixed by the screw 31 and the connecting member 32 with the inclined surface 52, when the connecting member 32 is to rotate around the screw 31, the pin holding Since the wedge effect of the inclined surfaces 52 of the vessels 22 and 24 acts on the connecting member 32 and hinders the rotation of the connecting member 32,
The relative rotation of the connecting member 32 with respect to the pin holders 22, 24 can be prevented with a simple structure.

Next, the third embodiment shown in FIG.
An external fixator having a rotation preventing means 53 for more reliably preventing the relative rotation of the connecting member 32 with respect to the pin holder 22 when the pin holder 22 and the connecting member 32 are fixed with the screw 31. is there.

That is, the rotation preventing means 53 shown in FIG.
Is an arc-shaped long hole 54 provided in the connecting member 32 around the screw 31 for fixing the pin holder 22 and the connecting member 32, and the connecting member 32 is fixed to the pin holder 22 through the long hole 54. It has another screw 55.

The arc-shaped slot 54 is also provided on the connecting member 32 on the opposite side via the pin holder 22, and the shaft of the screw 55 is connected to the pin holder from the slot 54 on one side. 22 through the long hole 54 of the connecting member 32 on the other side.
A nut is screwed onto the shaft portion of, and the connecting members 32 on both sides are tightened by the head of the screw 55 and the nut.

The pin holder 24 not shown in FIG.
A similar rotation preventing means 53 is provided.

In the illustrated example, the upper arc-shaped long hole 54 is rotated and adjusted about the lower screw 31. However, this upper and lower relationship is reversed, and the lower screw 31 is rotated about the upper screw. The rotation of the arc-shaped long hole may be adjusted. Further, a plurality of arc-shaped long holes 54 may be provided in two places, such as upper and lower portions, and screws 55 may be inserted into these long holes 54, respectively.

Then, a connecting member 32 for the pin holders 22 and 24 is provided by a rotation preventing means 53 provided separately from the screw 31.
Relative rotation can be more reliably prevented as compared with simple screwing, and the plurality of pin holders 22, 24 can be more securely fixed to each other.

That is, with the two screws 31 and 55 loosened, the connecting member 32 is turned around the one screw 31 with respect to the pin holders 22 and 24 at an arbitrary angle within the range of the elongated hole 54. After the dynamic adjustment, by tightening the two screws 31, 55, the connecting member 32 can be securely fixed to the pin holders 22, 24, and rotation can be prevented.

Further, separately from the screws 31 and 55 for fixing the pin holders 22 and 24 and the connecting member 32, the screws 56 for fixing the pins 21 and 23 of the pin holders 22 and 24 are connected to the pins on one side. Holding plate body 28
And screwed into the pin holding plate body 28 on the other side.

Next, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the plate-shaped main body 33 of the connecting member 32 is formed to be long along the surface to be fixed, such as the arm 43, and the surface to be fixed. In such a way as to increase the cover.

Further, the pin holder 22 is provided with a pin insertion hole 58 formed in the up-down direction of the holder main body 57, and the pin 21 is inserted into the pin insertion hole 58. A screw screw hole 59 is provided in the horizontal direction of the retainer body 57, and the screw screw hole 59 is provided.
The pin 21 is locked by a screw 60 such as a potato screw screwed into 59. The pin holder 24 not shown in FIG. 6 is also provided with a similar pin locking structure.

Then, as shown in FIG. 7, by making the covering of the connecting member 32 larger with respect to the surface to be fixed, the rods 41 on both sides are brought as close as possible to the symmetrical position sandwiching the bone axis. By minimizing the deviation L between the rods 41, 41 and the bone axis, the force applied to the bone 44 by the rods 41 on both sides can be supported most efficiently. The greater the deviation L, the greater the torque in the bending direction of the rod 41 and the direction in which the rod 41 is displaced around the screw, making it difficult to maintain a firm fixation.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a screw 31 for fixing the pin holders 22 and 24 and the connecting member 32 is used.
Is also used as a screw for fixing the pins 21 and 23 of the pin holders 22 and 24. Therefore, by fixing one screw 31, the pin holders 22 and 24 and the connecting member 32 The fixing and the fixing of the pin holders 22, 24 and the pins 21, 23 can be performed at once.

On the other hand, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the screws 31 for fixing the pin holders 22, 24 and the connecting member 32, and the pins 21, 23 of the pin holders 22, 24 are provided. The screws 56 and 60 for fixing the
Adjustment of the pin holders 22, 24 and the connecting member 32, and the pin holder
The adjustment of the pins 22 and 24 and the pins 21 and 23 can be individually and reliably performed, and an operation procedure that is easy to perform in the fixing operation can be selected.

In the illustrated embodiments, two, three, or four pins 21,
Although 23 is held, at least one pin may be held by one pin holder 22, 24.

[0049]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since a plurality of pin holders are supported at both ends by the plurality of rods via the end member and the connecting member, the joint portion fixed by the screw is small. In addition, the strength to securely fix the multiple pin retainers between each other is obtained, and it can be configured with a combination of parts that are easy to process, and is more resistant to twisting than the uniplane type external fixator with a cantilever support structure The structure is obtained.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the rotation preventing means can more reliably prevent the relative rotation of the connecting member with respect to the pin holder as compared with a simple screwing. The retainers can be more strongly fixed to each other.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, relative rotation of the connecting member with respect to the pin holder can be easily prevented by joining the pin holder and the connecting member, which are fastened and fixed by the screw, on the inclined surface. it can.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, after the connecting member is adjusted to an arbitrary angle within the range of at least one arc-shaped elongated hole with respect to the pin holder, a plurality of screws including the screw in the elongated hole are adjusted. Can be securely fixed with screws.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the connecting member is formed to be long along the surface on which the fixing device is to be mounted, the covering of the connecting member on the surface on which the fixing device is to be mounted becomes large,
Since the rods on both sides approach the symmetrical position sandwiching the bone axis, and the deviation between the rods and the bone axis is reduced, the force on the bone can be efficiently supported by the rods on both sides.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the screw for fixing the pin retainer and the connecting member also serves as the screw for fixing the pin of the pin retainer. The fixing between the retainer and the connecting member and the fixing between the pin retainer and the pin can be performed at one time.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, since the screw for fixing the pin holder and the connecting member and the screw for fixing the pin of the pin holder are separately provided, the pin holder and the connecting member are separated from each other. The adjustment and the adjustment of the pin retainer and the pin can be individually and reliably performed, and an operation procedure that is easy to perform in the fixing operation can be selected.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of an external fixator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a twisted and bent state of the external wound fixation device.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a state where the external fixator is attached to a human body.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of the external fixator according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a pin retainer showing a third embodiment of the external fixator according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a pin retainer showing a fourth embodiment of the external fixator according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view for explaining an effect when the cover of the connecting member of the external wound fixation device is increased.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a conventional external fixator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 21 One pin 22 Pin retainer 23 The other pin 24 Pin retainer 31 Screw 32 Connecting member 35 Screw 36 End member 41 Rod 51 Rotation prevention means 52 Inclined surface 53 Rotation prevention means 54 Elongated hole 55 Connecting member to pin holder Screw for fixing 56, 60 Screw for fixing the pin of the pin retainer

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. One pin inserted into one bone, the other pin inserted into the other bone to be joined to one bone, a plurality of pin holders respectively holding these pins, A plurality of connecting members which can be fixed to one side surface and the other side surface of each of the pin retainers by screws inserted into these side surfaces, and a pin retainer of a connecting member provided on both side surfaces of the plurality of pin retainers, respectively. At the end opposite to the side, a plurality of end members respectively fixed by screws in a direction intersecting with the bone to be joined, and a plurality of end members in a loosened state slidably and rotatably An external fixation device comprising: a plurality of rods fitted and supporting the pin retainer at both ends. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising rotation preventing means for more reliably preventing relative rotation of the connecting member with respect to the pin holder when the pin holding member and the connecting member are fixed with screws. Item 3. The external fixator according to Item 1. 3. The external fixator according to claim 2, wherein the rotation preventing means has an inclined surface provided on a joint surface between the pin holder and the connecting member. 4. The anti-rotation means has at least one arc-shaped long hole provided in the connecting member, and a screw for fixing the connecting member to the pin holder through the long hole. The external fixator according to the above. 5. The external fixator according to claim 1, wherein the connecting member is formed to be long along the surface to be fixed. 6. The external fixator according to claim 1, wherein the screw fixing the pin holder and the connecting member also serves as a screw fixing the pin of the pin holder. 7. The external device according to claim 1, wherein a screw for fixing the pin retainer and the connecting member and a screw for fixing the pin of the pin retainer are separately provided. Fixator.