JP2002355639A - Garbage treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a garbage treatment apparatus capable of shortening the drying time and improving the crushing effect. SOLUTION: The garbage treatment apparatus comprises a drying chamber for drying garbage and a stirring means for stirring garbage and on completion of the drying of garbage, stirring is carried out to promote cooling.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage disposer for drying garbage generated in general households and commercial kitchens.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an apparatus for drying kitchen garbage,
For example, there is a garbage processing machine including a drying chamber for storing and drying kitchen garbage, hot air generating means for sending hot air to the drying chamber, and a cooling section for condensing steam discharged from the drying chamber (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-9).
No. 6271). Further, in order to increase the drying efficiency, generally, a processing vessel (garbage container) into which kitchen garbage is charged is provided with a stirring blade of a stirring unit via a drive transmission unit, and the kitchen garbage is stirred by the stirring unit. It is heated and dried by the hot air generating means. The water vapor generated at this time is condensed in the cooling section and is discharged.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned conventional garbage processing machine, the rotation cycle and the number of rotations of the stirring blade for stirring the garbage are constant, and the drying temperature for drying the garbage is from the start to the end of the garbage drying process. Since it is constant, there is a problem that the drying time is long, the crushing effect is not sufficient, and the motor is locked and the life is shortened. Further, the conventional garbage disposer has a problem that the stirring is not performed at the time of cooling at the end of the drying process, so that it takes a long time to cool, and that the total time from the start to the end of the process becomes long.

On the other hand, as a garbage disposer for accelerating the drying process of such garbage, a processing container for shredding the garbage and receiving the garbage kneaded with a dehydrating agent, a motor for rotating a cutter, and a kneading agent for a dehydrating agent. And a heater for heating the kitchen waste (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-111548).
No. 7). When shredded garbage and a dehydrating agent are kneaded in a processing container, the water in the garbage reacts with the dehydrating agent to hydrate or absorb the water in the garbage. The purpose of this is to promote the drying process.

[0005] However, in this processing machine, a dehydrating agent is introduced in order to assist drying of the garbage by the heater, so that the inner surface of the processing container is liable to be scorched or sticked. Therefore, the stirring resistance is increased, the crushing effect is not increased, and the drying time tends to be long. Further, depending on the type of kitchen garbage, an unpleasant odor may be generated during kneading with the dehydrating agent.

[0006] In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a garbage disposer capable of shortening the drying time and improving the crushing effect.

[0007]

Means for solving the above problems include a processing machine having a drying chamber, a trash container detachably mounted in the drying chamber, and a bottom provided in the trash container. Stirring means, a driving motor for driving the stirring means, a heater for heating the inside of the trash container, a temperature detecting means for detecting a temperature of air flowing from the drying chamber to a deodorizer, and the driving motor And a control unit for controlling the heater, wherein the control unit shuts off the power supply to the heater when the temperature detection unit detects that the temperature of the air flowing through the path decreases to a predetermined temperature during the drying operation. And energizing the drive motor.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, a kitchen waste disposal machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of a garbage processing machine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a graph showing a temperature change near an inlet of a condenser in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a processing machine main body. The processing machine main body 1 is provided with a drying chamber 2 for drying garbage, and a garbage container 3 for mounting garbage is mounted in the drying chamber 2. The upper part of the drying chamber 2 is covered with a lid 4 so that the inside can be kept airtight. The garbage container 3 is provided with a stirring means at the bottom so as to be capable of normal rotation and reversal.
It is detachable inside. This stirring means comprises a stirring blade 5
And a drive motor 6. When the garbage is put in the garbage container 3 and the garbage container 3 is attached to the drying chamber 2 to dry the garbage, the stirring blade 5 is rotated to agitate the garbage so that the garbage is dried efficiently. A driven shaft 5a is attached to the stirring blade 5 through the bottom of the trash container 3, and the driven shaft 5a is connected to the drive motor 6 via a reduction gear 7, a drive shaft 7a, and a coupling mechanism 8. The stirring blade 5 is intermittently operated by the drive motor 6, detects a load applied to the drive motor 6, for example, a motor current, a rotation pulse, or the like, and rotates or reverses to stir the garbage in the trash container 3.
Cook and dry the garbage uniformly. The material of the trash container 3 is preferably stainless steel which is hard to corrode or a material coated with polytetrafluoroethylene so that carbides of the trash are not stuck.

A sheet heater 9 for drying kitchen garbage is provided below the trash container 3, and a trash container setting table 10 is provided.
The heating efficiency is improved by widely heating the bottom surface of the trash container 3 attached to the garbage container. With this sheath heater 9,
The bottom surface temperature of the trash container 3 is controlled to a temperature in the range of 100 to 110 ° C, usually to about 105 ° C. The higher the heating temperature, the shorter the drying time, but if it is too high, the garbage is likely to carbonize. Further, when the temperature is in the above range, even if a plastic material such as vinyl chloride resin or nylon is mixed in the trash container 3, it does not gasify at around 105 ° C. It is preferable because no toxic gas is generated due to generation or decomposition of other plastic materials.

A heat insulating material 11 is provided on the bottom and inside of the side wall of the drying chamber 2 to cover the trash container 3 and the sheath heater 9 so as to reduce heat loss.

An air inlet 12 provided with a check valve 12a is provided on a side wall of the drying chamber 2 so that outside air can be sucked in from the air inlet 12 without leaking generated gas in the drying chamber 2. Has been. As a means for introducing oxygen necessary for oxidatively decomposing odor components into the apparatus by a deodorizer 24 which is a deodorizing means to be described later, the outside air is directly dried.
The reason of taking in the inside is to lower the absolute humidity by the outside air and increase the drying efficiency. Further, the lid 4 for sealing the drying chamber 2 is formed in a shape protruding upward, for example, a dome shape, and a gas outlet 13 is provided at the uppermost part, and gas generated from the drying chamber 2 is sent to a condensing means through a pipe 14. Can be

A joint 13a such as a flange or a union is provided at the gas outlet 13, and a pipe 14 is detachably connected thereto. The pipe 14 and a condenser 15 as a condensing means are detachably connected by a fitting 14a such as a flange or a union.
Is communicated through. When attaching and detaching the trash container 3 to and from the drying chamber 2, one or both of the joints 13a and 14a are removed, and the lid 4 is opened and closed. As the pipe 14, a corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant tube such as a polytetrafluoroethylene tube or a stainless steel tube, or a tube having an inner surface coated to have corrosion resistance can be used. In consideration of heat resistance, weight, cost, and the like, a polytetrafluoroethylene tube is preferable.

The condenser 15 comprises a heat exchanger 16, a drain pipe 17, and a propeller fan 18 for sending air for cooling the heat exchanger 16. The heat exchanger 16 may be an appropriate one such as a box type or a flexible tube, and is made of an aluminum alloy, a copper alloy, or the like having excellent heat conductivity and corrosion resistance. When the cooling air is circulated through the exchange surface of the heat exchanger 16 by the propeller fan 18, outside air may be taken in from the intake port 1 a provided in the processing machine body 1 and discharged from the exhaust port 1 b.

A condensed water tank 19 is detachably provided at a lower portion of the processing machine body 1, a step portion 20 is formed at an upper portion of one end thereof, and a connection port 21 for fitting the drain pipe 17 and water vapor are removed. It is preferable that a connection port 22 for fitting a connection pipe 23 for sending gas to a deodorizer 24 of the deodorizing means is provided in the step portion 20. It is preferable that the connection port 21 and the connection port 22 be located as far apart as possible in the horizontal direction. Accordingly, when the gas is forcibly blown by the blower fan 25, the gas is also sucked from the condensed water tank 19 by the connection pipe 23, so that the gas stays in the condensed water tank 19 and the odor component is not absorbed by the condensed water. Thus, when the condensed water tank 19 is removed, an odor is prevented from being generated.

The other end of the connection pipe 23 communicates with a blower fan 25 such as a sirocco fan, and is connected to suck a gas containing an odor component from the drain pipe 17 and the condensed water tank 19 and send it to the deodorizer 24. I have. The blower fan 25 is driven by a fan motor 26 to constantly blow gas. The blowing capacity is set to be larger than the average amount of water vapor generated from the garbage per unit time when processing the garbage. If the air volume of the blower fan 25 is excessively large, the size of the apparatus becomes large, and the capacity of the condenser 15 and the deodorizer 2
The performance of 4 is reduced, while too little results in incomplete deodorization. The reason why the blower fan 25 is located at this position is that the gas temperature is reduced in the condenser 15 and the air volume is reduced, so that it is preferable in terms of cost.

As the deodorizer 24, a catalytic type is used. An oxidation catalyst such as a platinum-based, platinum-palladium-based, or nickel-based catalyst is formed in, for example, a honeycomb structure, a meandering path for efficiently heating the odor gas is provided, and a catalyst and a heater 27 for heating the meandering path are provided. I have. The reason why the catalyst is used for the deodorizer 24 is that the treatment can be performed without increasing the temperature so much, the maintenance is easy, and the treatment capacity is high. The catalyst is at 200-400 ° C., preferably 280-32 ° C.
It is used after being heated to 0 ° C. by the heater 27. This temperature is a temperature necessary for oxidizing the odor component by the catalyst. If the temperature is too high, heat is wasted more, so this range is suitable. The reason why the meandering path is provided to heat the odor gas before contact with the catalyst is to increase the oxidation efficiency of the odor component and to sufficiently perform deodorization immediately after the start of operation. The gas from which the odor component has been removed is discharged from the discharge pipe 28 to the outside.

Next, the operations of the drying process and the stirring process of the garbage of the garbage processing machine of the present embodiment will be described.

The garbage is put in the garbage container 3 and set in the drying room 2. Then, the lid 4 is closed, the joints 13a and 14a are connected, and the drying chamber 2 and the condenser 15 are communicated. The condensed water tank 19 is also installed. Then set the power switch (not shown) to O
N, and the operation of the kitchen waste disposal machine is started. Then, the catalyst heating heater 27 is energized to heat the catalyst. Next, the propeller fan 18 and the blowing fan 25 are driven, and the sheath heater 9 is energized to start drying the garbage in the trash container 3.

In the garbage container 3, the stirring blade 5 is intermittently rotated forward and backward by the drive motor 6, and the garbage is uniformly dried while being stirred. In the drying chamber 2, a mixed gas in which odor components such as water vapor and acetic acid / ammonia generated from the kitchen waste and the outside air sucked from the air intake 12 flows out from the gas outlet 13 and is cooled by the condenser 15. Water vapor is recovered. The condenser 15 is cooled by the outside air sucked by the propeller fan 18 driven by the motor 26. The condensed drain flows into the drain tank 19 through the drain pipe 17, and the gas containing the odor component that does not condense is sucked into the blower fan 25 through the connection pipe 23 opened at a position separated from the drain pipe 17, and deodorized. To the vessel 24. The gas sent here is the heater 27
Oxidized and decomposed by an oxidation catalyst heated to about 300 ° C. to remove odor components, and discharged to the outside through a discharge pipe 28.

In the kitchen waste treatment machine of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the temperature near the inlet of the condenser 15 is measured and used as a method for determining the degree of drying of the kitchen waste. After the start of operation (point A), the temperature of the garbage evaporates due to evaporation of the garbage, and the temperature rapidly rises and becomes saturated at point B. Thereafter, each time the garbage is agitated, the temperature continues to move up and down continuously, and when the garbage runs out of water, the temperature rapidly drops from the point C. At this time, stirring the garbage evaporates the water remaining in the garbage, so that the temperature may temporarily rise to the point D. When the temperature falls to a constant value (Ta) at the point E while repeating such a temperature change, it is determined that the moisture has disappeared and the drying has been completed, and cooling is started. After a short time after the cooling operation, the operation of the kitchen waste treatment machine is terminated when the temperature falls to a certain value of the point F.

In this case, it is determined that the AB portion where the temperature change after the start of the operation sharply rises has a low drying degree, the temperature is saturated, and the BC portion repeating the vertical movement has a high drying degree. I have. That is, while the temperature change is rapidly increasing, the garbage contains a lot of water, and the drive motor 6 is easily locked even if agitated, and the crushing effect is hardly increased. Also, while the temperature is saturated and the vertical movement is repeated, the drying of the garbage is progressing.
Lock is less likely to occur and increase the stirring time and the number of times of stirring.
Crushing the garbage can shorten the drying operation time. Therefore, in the present embodiment, based on the degree of drying of the garbage, for example, a thermistor is installed near the entrance of the condenser 15 and the detection level is monitored as an analog change by a microcomputer to detect that the temperature is saturated. Therefore, if it is determined that the degree of drying of the garbage is low, the time during which the garbage is not stirred is increased, and if it is determined that the degree of drying of the garbage is increased, the time of stirring is lengthened. Further, when it is determined that the degree of drying of the garbage is low, the drying and heating temperature of the drying chamber is increased and the time during which stirring is not performed is extended, and when it is determined that the degree of drying of the garbage is increased, the drying and heating temperature is lowered and stirring is performed. You have to spend more time. When it is determined that the degree of drying of the garbage is low, the number of times that the stirring blade 5 of the stirring means rotates forward or reverse is reduced, and when it is determined that the degree of drying of the garbage is high, the rotation of the stirring blade 5 is determined. The number of reversals is increased. By this method, when 700 g of garbage was conventionally put into the trash container 3 and the drying operation was performed, the drying time, which took about three and a half hours, can be reduced to about three hours by this control method, and the stirring effect is also improved. Can be done.

In the present invention, the load on the stirring motor is reduced by gradually increasing the rotation speed of the stirring blade 5 from the start of drying or by shortening the ON / OFF cycle to perform stirring in accordance with the drying state of the garbage. It can be lightened and enhance the drying and stirring effect.

In the present invention, by increasing the drying and heating temperature in synchronization with the operation of the stirring means, the kitchen waste containing water is exposed on the surface immediately after the stirring operation is performed. If the drying heating temperature is increased, the evaporation of water becomes vigorous and the drying time can be shortened.

Further, in the present invention, by detecting the load applied to the stirring blade 5, the information possessed by the garbage, that is, the quantity and quality of the garbage and the number of treatments are estimated. For example, when kitchen garbage is initially introduced when the garbage container is empty, the moisture of the introduced garbage remains as it is, which makes it difficult for water to evaporate. Therefore, if the drying temperature is increased, the drying time can be reduced. Further, when a new garbage is put on the dried garbage, the drying time can be shortened by performing stirring in a short cycle so that the moisture of the newly put garbage is transferred to the dried garbage.

Further, in the present invention, the current or rotation pulse of the stirring motor is detected, and once the locked state is detected, the motor is once inverted and then rotated forward again to avoid the locked state and prevent the motor from burning. Prevent circuit damage.

Further, in the present invention, stirring is performed even at the time of cooling at the end of drying the garbage, thereby shortening the cooling time and shortening the time until the lid can be opened, thereby shortening the total time from the start to the end of the processing. be able to.

In addition, at the time of throwing the garbage, by throwing together a highly thermally conductive material such as a metal ball or a ceramic ball, the material is heated up to the processing temperature during the treatment, and the area where the garbage comes into contact increases. The drying speed is faster and the pulverizing effect is improved.

Further, when the kitchen garbage is charged, a substance having a high oil content, for example, peach grass, oil, etc., is added together,
During processing, the bottom surface of the garbage container is not scorched or sticky, and the trouble of removing the residue is facilitated. In addition, during the next processing, there is no burning or sticking, so that drying during the processing can be performed stably.

Also, when the kitchen garbage is charged, a hard particulate material, for example, stone, shellfish, etc., is charged together, so that the input material rotates together with the stirring blade during the processing, and the scorching and sticking of the bottom of the garbage container are reduced. Further, the trouble of removing the residue is facilitated, and there is no burning or sticking at the next processing, so that the drying during the processing can be stabilized.

Further, when the heat-conductive material, the oil-rich material, or the hard granular material is integrated or mixed, it is put together with the garbage when it is put into the garbage, so that the drying and crushing are performed. The effect can be improved.

If the above-mentioned input materials, or an integrated product or a mixed product, is initially charged together with the garbage, it is not necessary to additionally input the same during continuous processing.

If there is any sticking or sticking of the garbage in the garbage container, water is introduced to decompose the garbage so that the sticking and sticking are less likely to occur, thereby improving the drying and crushing effects.

Further, in the present garbage disposal machine, by introducing a deodorant together with the garbage, the odor gas during the treatment is treated by the deodorant, and the odor gas flowing to the catalyst deodorizing means is reduced, so that the garbage is efficiently treated. Can be oxidatively decomposed.
Even if the odor concentration during the treatment increases, the treatment can be carried out without increasing the catalyst efficiency, so that it is not necessary to use a large amount of expensive catalyst, leading to cost reduction. Further, after the drying treatment, the odor of the treated residue can be reduced to almost no odor by the deodorant.

The operation when the above-mentioned deodorant is put into this garbage processing machine and processed together will be described. In the following, it is assumed that the amount of garbage generated in a standard household (four-person family) in Japan per day is about 700 g (including about 500 g of water).

First, 700 g of garbage and a deodorant (eg, activated carbon, molecular sieve, zeolite, etc. for a physical adsorption action, and copper oxide, iron phthalocyanine compound, etc. for a chemical reaction) are charged into the trash container 3. Drying room 2
And close the lid 4. The condensed water tank 19 is also installed.

The operation switch (not shown) of the control device is set to O
N, and the operation of the kitchen waste disposal machine is started. Then, the heater 27 for heating the catalyst is energized to heat the path and the catalyst layer. The blower fan 25 and the propeller fan 18 are driven, and the sheath heater 9 is energized to start drying the garbage in the trash container 3. The garbage is dried while the stirring blade 5 is rotated forward and inverted by the drive motor 6 in the trash container 3.

The odor gas containing water vapor generated by heating the garbage is deodorized by the deodorant in the garbage. A small amount of the odor gas that has not been deodorized is cooled in the condenser 15 in order to recover water vapor.

The odor gas is cooled and condensed by the outside air sucked from the outside air inlet 1a of the condenser 15 by the propeller fan 18 driven by the fan motor 26 for cooling and blowing. The condensed drain is drain pipe 1
, And flows down to the condensed water tank 19. The non-condensable gas passes through the drain pipe 17, passes through the condensed water tank 19, passes through the pipe 23 opened at a position separated from the drain pipe 17, and is sucked together with the gas in the condensed water tank 19 by the blower fan 25 to be deodorized. The odor component is sent to a vessel 24 where the odor component is deodorized.

The total weight of the kitchen waste disposal machine of this embodiment is 700
g of garbage can be dried in about 3.5 hours, and the odor of the residue after the treatment can be almost deodorized by the effect of the deodorant.

The kitchen waste treatment machine can be provided with an automatic charging mechanism.

As shown in FIG. 3, an automatic charging mechanism for the input material is provided at the lid 4 of the kitchen waste disposal machine. The automatic charging mechanism includes a charging material tank 34 for storing the charging material, and a charging port 36 for charging a certain amount of the charging material 35 into the drying chamber 2.
It is composed of

At the start of the operation or during the operation, an opening / closing valve provided at the charging port 36 is opened for a certain period of time, and after a certain amount of material is charged, the valve is closed. When this operation is used at the start of operation, when the start button is pressed,
When used during driving, automatic control is performed so as to be performed when a certain period of time has elapsed from the start.

In the embodiment described above, the temperature near the inlet of the condenser is measured to determine the degree of drying of the garbage, and this temperature is used. In addition to this, a self-heated thermistor is used. The humidity in the garbage container is directly measured by an absolute humidity sensor or a capacitance type humidity sensor that detects a change in the thermal conductivity of the generated gas, or the stirring blade 5 is used.
The degree of drying of the garbage can also be determined by detecting the load on the garbage and detecting the manner in which the load is reduced.

[0046]

As described above, according to the configuration of the present invention, the end of the drying operation of the garbage is automatically determined by detecting the temperature of the air flowing through the discharge path from the gas discharge port to the deodorizer. can do. In addition, stirring is performed even when cooling the dried garbage, thereby shortening the cooling time and shortening the time until the lid can be opened, thereby shortening the total time from the start to the end of the processing. To play.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of a kitchen waste treatment machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing a temperature change near an inlet of a condenser in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another kitchen waste treatment machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Processor main body 2 Drying chamber 3 Garbage container 4 Lid 5 Stirrer blade 6 Drive motor 9 Sheath heater 12 Air intake 13 Gas outlet 15 Condenser 19 Condensed water tank 24 Deodorizer 26 Fan motor 27 Heater 34 Input tank 35 Input 36 Input port

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F26B 23/06 B09B 3/00 303M 25/00 ZAB (72) Inventor Masataka Moriizumi Keihanhondori, Moriguchi-shi, Osaka 2-5-5 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. In-house F-term (reference) 3L113 AA07 AB06 AC08 AC58 AC67 AC87 BA01 CA08 CB05 DA05 DA10 4D004 AA03 CA15 CA42 CA47 CA48 CB04 CB27 CB31 CB32 CC09 DA01 DA02 DA06 DA13 DA20

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A processing machine main body having a drying chamber, a trash container detachably mounted in the drying chamber, a stirring means provided at a bottom of the trash container, and a drive motor for driving the stirring means. A heater for heating the inside of the garbage container, temperature detecting means for detecting a temperature of air flowing through a path from the drying chamber to a deodorizer, and control means for controlling the drive motor and the heater, the control means During the drying operation, when the temperature detecting unit detects that the temperature of the air flowing through the path decreases to a predetermined temperature, the power supply to the heater is cut off and the power supply to the drive motor is performed. Garbage processing machine.