JP2002293604A - Moisture-conditioning building material and its production process - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lightweight moisture-conditioning building material excellent in moisture absorption/desorption property, fireproofness, fire resistance, machinability, dimensional stability and property with respect to nailing. SOLUTION: This moisture-conditioning building material of claim 1 consists of a moisture absorption/desorption material composition obtained by mixing different kinds of moisture absorption/desorption materials together, an inorganic material such as dihydrate gypsum, hydraulic material and perlite, and reinforcing fiber. This moisture-conditioning building material of claim 2 is the building material of claim 1, wherein the moisture absorption/ desorption material composition comprising different kinds of moisture absorption/desorption materials, consists essentially of diatomaceous earth. This moisture-conditioning building material of claim 3 is the building material of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the content of the moisture absorption/desorption material composition consisting essentially of diatomaceous earth, in a raw material for the building material, which raw material consists of the above moisture absorption/desorption material composition, inorganic material and reinforcing fiber, is 2-90 wt.%. This production process of the claim 4 comprises preparing a mixed slurry by mixing the above raw material for the building material with water, subjecting the resulting mixed slurry to papermaking to form a sheet having a prescribed thickness, and thereafter drying the sheet.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a moisture-controllable building material having a moisture absorbing / releasing performance, which can be used as a building material such as a ceiling material, an interior / exterior material, and a floor material, and a method for producing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in the construction of houses and the like, an architectural style in which an earth wall structure and wood or a wood-based building material obtained by processing the same are applied has been adopted for a long time. A house having such a structure has an excellent function of preventing the occurrence of dew condensation and extreme drying in a living space due to the excellent moisture absorbing and releasing ability of the earth wall and the woody material.

However, in recent years, it has become difficult to obtain good-quality wood-based resources due to a decrease in wood-based resources, and prices have continued to rise. On the other hand, wood-based building materials are inflammable materials and have the drawback that they are easily attacked by vermin such as termites, and are liable to cause corrosion.

[0004] On the other hand, the earth wall structure has hardly been adopted due to the fact that the number of skilled and highly skilled workers has become extremely small and labor costs have risen.

[0005]

In recent years, houses and the like have been pursued with a structure that is highly airtight and highly heat-insulating.
Moisture generated indoors cannot diffuse to the outside and dew condensation occurs throughout the room, causing wetting and stains, and causing problems such as mites and molds. In order to solve such a problem, it is strongly desired to provide a building material such as a board having excellent moisture absorption / release properties.

[0006] The present invention provides moisture absorption / desorption properties, fire resistance, fire resistance,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a lightweight, moisture-controllable building material having excellent machinability, dimensional stability, and nailing characteristics.

[0007]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a moisture absorbing / releasing material in which different kinds of moisture absorbing / releasing materials are mixed, gypsum dihydrate, a hydraulic substance, perlite, etc. This is a humidity control building material comprising an inorganic material and reinforcing fibers.

[0010] The invention according to claim 2 is the humidity control building material according to claim 1, wherein the different types of moisture absorbing and releasing materials are moisture absorbing and releasing materials mainly composed of diatomaceous earth.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the mixing ratio of the moisture absorbing / releasing material mainly composed of diatomaceous earth to the raw material is 2% by weight to 9% by weight.
The moisture-controllable building material according to claim 1 or 2, which is in a range of 0% by weight.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the mixing ratio of the moisture absorbing / releasing material mainly composed of diatomaceous earth to the raw material is 2% by weight to 9% by weight.
The method for producing a humidity-controlling building material according to claim 1, wherein the content is in a range of 0% by weight.

[0011]

Since the present invention has the above-mentioned constitution, by selecting the type of moisture absorbing / releasing material and its mixing ratio, it has excellent moisture absorbing / releasing properties and also has fireproofing properties, fire resistance and nailing properties. An excellent lightweight humidity control building material can be provided. In addition, since the humidity-controlling building material of the present invention is manufactured by a papermaking method, it is possible to manufacture a building material (board or the like) having a uniform specific gravity without unevenness in specific gravity, and bleeding of a powder slurry (sedimentation of solid components, Separation, separation of mixed water) does not occur.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on preferred embodiments.

[0013] The humidity control building material according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises:
It is to mix and use different kinds of moisture absorbing and releasing materials. Claim 2 uses a diatomaceous earth-based moisture absorbing and releasing material,
Claim 3 shows the mixing range of the moisture absorbing / releasing material mainly composed of diatomaceous earth. Claim 4 shows that the essential component is mixed with water to form a slurry, which is formed into a slurry to obtain a plate-like material. A humidity-controlling building material is obtained.

Hereinafter, the component system of the humidity control building material of this embodiment will be described.

A moisture-absorbing / desorbing material is added to the moisture-controllable building material in order to impart moisture-absorbing / desorbing ability. In the embodiment of the present invention, different types of moisture-absorbing / desorbing materials are used in combination. Examples of the moisture absorbing / releasing material used in the present invention include diatomaceous earth, silica gel, zeolite, zonolite, sepiolite, attapulgite, calcium silicate, allophane, shirasu, kaolinitic clay, aluminum oxide, charcoal,
A substance having a moisture absorbing / releasing ability such as activated carbon is mixed and used.

The amount of the moisture-absorbing / desorbing material added to the raw materials such as the water-curable substance, the extender, and the fibrous material of the humidity-controlling building material can be added in the range of 2% to 90% by weight. If the amount is less than 2%, the desired moisture absorbing / releasing ability cannot be imparted to the humidity control building material. On the other hand, the addition amount exceeding 90% not only lowers the hardness and flexural strength, but also the primary physical properties of the humidity control building material,
This makes it difficult to form the mat during papermaking. The preferred range of the amount added is 5% to 70% by weight.

The mixing ratio of the different moisture absorbing / releasing materials is not particularly limited, but is selected according to the moisture absorbing / releasing performance required of the humidity control building material, ease of production by a papermaking method, price, and the like.
When mixing the moisture absorbing / releasing material mainly with diatomaceous earth, it is preferable that the weight ratio is in the range of diatomaceous earth: other moisture absorbing / releasing material = 1: 1 or less. If the mixing ratio of the other moisture absorbing / releasing material exceeds diatomaceous earth, the desired moisture absorbing / releasing ability cannot be imparted to the humidity control building material, or the strength of the building material tends to decrease.

The particle size of the moisture absorbing and releasing material is 2 μm to 100 μm
Is preferably within the range. If the particle size is less than 2 μm, the ability to absorb and release moisture cannot be exhibited. On the other hand, with a particle size exceeding 100 μm,
When the slurry is taken up by a papermaking machine, a substance having a moisture absorbing / releasing ability is separated to not only form a uniform mat but also impair the design. In particular, diatomaceous earth usually has a particle size of ≦ 70.
Performed in μm. A preferred particle size range is 10 μm to 50 μm
m.

Gypsum as an inorganic material used in the present invention has the advantages that it has fire resistance and fire resistance, has a small amount of expansion and contraction caused by a temperature change, and is easy to cure and form. It has been used as a material. However, gypsum alone has drawbacks of low bending strength and weak screw-nail holding power, even if it has primary physical properties. In the present invention, this disadvantage is complemented by the addition of a hydraulic substance. Gypsum is added by weight (the same applies hereinafter) in an amount of 2% to 30%. Gypsum is slag,
It also has the effect of accelerating the hardening of a hydraulic substance such as cement by hydration. If the amount is less than 2%, it is difficult to exhibit the effect. On the other hand, if it is added in excess of 30%, the strength imparting ability of a hydraulic substance such as slag and cement and the properties such as waterproofness, curability and moldability are reduced. Also,
The primary physical properties, in particular, lower the bending strength and the screw holding power.

Hydraulic substances such as slag, cement, gypsum, magnesium carbonate, calcium silicate, and calcium carbonate are blended with the matrix to firmly adhere to the matrix to increase the strength of the humidity control building material.
Properties such as curing and molding can be imparted simply and inexpensively, facilitating the production of humidity-control building materials (board base materials). The hydraulic substance has fire resistance, fire resistance, and waterproofness. In this embodiment, it is preferable to add in the range of 15% to 60%. If the addition amount is less than 15%, it is difficult to exhibit strength imparting ability, waterproofness, curability, and moldability. On the other hand, if it is added in excess of 60%, the humidity-controlling building material will increase in weight and crack due to drying and shrinkage.

Perlite is added to increase the fire resistance and to reduce the weight of the humidity control building material as a lightweight aggregate. In this embodiment, it is preferable to add in the range of 5% to 15%. If the addition amount is less than 5%, the contribution to the improvement of the fire resistance and the weight reduction of the moisture control building material is small.

For example, pulp is added as an organic reinforcing fiber for improving the strength of the humidity control building material. In this embodiment, it is preferable to add in the range of 3% to 5%. If the amount is less than 3%, the effect of improving the strength and workability of the humidity control building material cannot be exhibited. On the other hand, if the amount exceeds 5%, the pulp loses its properties as a non-combustible material from the place where the pulp is an organic material. As the organic reinforcing fiber, vinylon or the like can be used in addition to pulp.

As with the organic reinforcing fibers, inorganic fibers such as glass fibers and rock wool are added to improve the strength of the humidity control building material and the processability. In this embodiment, it is preferable to add in the range of 1% to 8%. If the addition amount is less than 1%, the effect of improving the strength is small. If the addition amount exceeds 8%, the kneading work of the raw material and water is hindered. Impairs the uniformity of the material. In this embodiment, one or both of organic reinforcing fibers and inorganic fibers are added.

In the present invention, calcium carbonate, mica and slaked lime are used as fillers and the like in addition to 0% to 15%, respectively.
%, 1% to 8%, and 1% to 1.5%. It is also possible to add a small amount of a pigment such as titanium white, red iron oxide and iron oxide as a colorant.

Next, a method for producing the humidity control building material of the present invention will be described. In the present invention, a humidity-controllable building material is manufactured by a papermaking method using a round-mesh papermaking machine. FIG. 1 shows a round-mesh paper machine known per se.

As shown in FIG. 1, the round mesh type paper making machine 1 includes a making roll 11, a bottom roll 12, a first tension roll 13, a worm roll 14, and a swing roll 1.
5, stretch roll 16, second tension roll 1
7, the first wire cylinder 18, the second wire cylinder 1
9, the third wire cylinder 20, the return roll 21, the first felt roll 22, the second felt roll 23, the third
An endless felt belt 27 is wound around a felt roll 24, a fourth felt roll 25, and a guide roll 26 so as to be able to run.

A suction box 28 is arranged near the guide roll 26 and functions to suck the raw material laminate on the endless felt belt 27.

The lower portions of the first to third wire cylinders 18 to 20 are disposed in the first to third bats 29 to 31, respectively. A plurality of agitators 32 are provided in each of the first bat 29 to the third bat 31.

The endless felt belt 27 is in contact with the upper portions of the first to third wire cylinders 18 to 20, and is sandwiched between the first to third coach rolls 33 to 35, respectively. In addition, on the upper surface of the endless felt belt 27 above the first bat 29 to the third bat 31,
Suction box 36 to third suction box 38
Are arranged. These suction boxes 36, 3
7 and 38, the raw material mixture adhered to the first to third wire cylinders 18 to 20 is used for the endless felt belt 2.
7, so that the raw material mixture is always sucked so as to be easily adsorbed and transferred.

In the round netting machine 1, the raw material mixture is
The raw material mixture (slurry) is supplied to the first vat 29 to the third vat 31 so as to always have a constant height, and the lower part of each of the first to third wire cylinders 18 to 20 is provided.
Soak in In this state, run the endless felt belt 27,
Perform papermaking.

As the endless felt belt 27 comes into contact with the first wire cylinder 18, the second wire cylinder 19, and the third wire cylinder 20 in order, the raw material mixture is laminated. In this embodiment, the papermaking speed: 20 m /
Min-60m / min, pressure of making roll: 1kgf /
It is performed under the condition of cm2 to 5 kgf / cm2.

The raw material mixture laminated on the endless felt belt 27 includes a making roll 11 and a bottom roll 12.
And is discharged in a plate shape from the space between them and conveyed by a conveyor (not shown).

After the paper conveyed by the conveyor is kept at room temperature for 6 hours to 10 hours, it is subjected to steam curing in a temperature range of 60 ° C. to 80 ° C. for 12 hours to 24 hours by a steam curing device. Next, it is left at room temperature for 100 hours and is provided for natural curing. Then, in the dryer, 140
Drying is performed for 5 minutes to 15 minutes in a temperature range of from 200C to 200C. After drying, it is cut to the specified size, thickness: 4
It is a moisture-controllable building material (board) of mm to 20 mm.

[0034]

EXAMPLES Example 1 By weight, gypsum dihydrate: 18%, blast furnace slag: 40%, cement: 5%, silica gel: 5% (particle size: 30 μm), zeolite (moisture absorbing and releasing material, particle size: 30 μm): 17%,
Pulp: 5%, calcium carbonate: 3%, perlite:
About 10% of the raw material mixture
２０20 times water is added and kneaded, and the resulting slurry is formed into a paper using the above-mentioned round-mesh paper-making machine at a paper-making speed of 40 m / min and a pressure of a making roll of 4 kgf / cm 2, and then at 70 ° C. The temperature is increased step by step to near
It was steam cured for 8 hours. Thereafter, natural curing was performed for 100 hours. Then, in a dryer, 180 ° C sw10
After drying for 5 minutes, cut and perform thickness: 6m
m, a width: 910 mm, and a length: 1820 mm were obtained. Example 2 By weight, gypsum dihydrate: 18%, blast furnace slag: 40%, cement: 5%, diatomaceous earth: 20% (particle size: 30 μm), zeolite (moisture absorbing and releasing material, particle size: 30 μm): 5%, pulp : 4%, rock wool: 1%, pearlite: 7%, a raw material mixture having a composition of about 10 to 20 times the amount of the raw material mixture and kneading, and the resulting slurry was subjected to the above-described round mesh papermaking. Paper making speed: 50 m / min, making roll pressure: 4 kgf / cm 2,
The temperature was raised stepwise to around ℃, and steam curing was performed at a temperature of 70 ℃ for 18 hours. Thereafter, natural curing was performed for 100 hours.
Then, after drying in a dryer at 180 ° C. for 10 minutes, cutting was performed to obtain a thickness: 6 mm and a width: 9
10mm, length: 1820mm humidity control building material (board)
I got

Table 1 shows the primary physical properties of this product humidity control building material (board).

[Table 1] As is clear from Table 1, the humidity control building material according to Example 2 of the present invention has bending strength and the like which are comparable to those of the commercial product A (gypsum-slag-cement humidity control building material). I have.

Next, a humidity control building material (board) according to the present invention.
Is shown in Table 2.

[Table 2] 25 ° C x 65% RH, 168 hrs → 50% R
H, 112hrs → 25 ° C × 90% RH, 24hrs⇔
25 ° C. × 50% RH, 24 hrs, 4 cycles As is clear from Table 2, the humidity control building material of Example 1 of the present invention has a moisture absorption and desorption amount five times that of a gypsum board and twice that of a cedar lumber product, and is excellent in moisture absorption and desorption characteristics.

Table 3 shows the change in the moisture absorption dimension of the humidity control building material according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[Table 3] As is clear from Table 3, although the moisture-absorbing dimensional stability of the moisture-controllable building material of Example 2 is inferior to that of the gypsum board, the moisture-controllable building material is suitable for a slag gypsum plate or a commercial product A (gypsum-slag-cement-based humidity-controlling building material). It has dimensional stability characteristics comparable to those of dimensional stability.

Next, Table 4 shows the wood screw holding power of the humidity control building material of Example 2.

[Table 4] As is evident from Table 4, the wood screw holding power of the moisture control building material of Example 2 is inferior to that of the slag gypsum board, but is lower than that of the gypsum board or the commercial product A (plaster-slag-cement based humidity control building material). And has excellent wood screw holding power.

Example 3 By weight, gypsum dihydrate: 18%, blast furnace slag: 37%, cement: 5%, diatomaceous earth: 20% (particle size: 30 μm), allophane (hygroscopic material, particle size: 50 μm): 6 %, Pulp: 5%, rock wool: 3%, pearlite: 6%, a water mixture of about 10 to 20 times the amount of the raw material mixture is added to the raw material mixture, and the resulting slurry is mixed with the above-mentioned circle. Using a net-type papermaking machine, papermaking speed: 30 m / min, making roll pressure: 4 kgf / cm2,
The temperature was raised stepwise to around ℃, and steam curing was performed at a temperature of 70 ℃ for 18 hours. Thereafter, natural curing was performed for 100 hours.
Then, after drying in a dryer at 180 ° C. for 10 minutes, cutting was performed to obtain a thickness: 6 mm and a width: 9
10mm, length: 1820mm humidity control building material (board)
I got

Example 4 By weight, gypsum dihydrate: 18%, blast furnace slag: 40%, cement: 5%, diatomaceous earth: 20% (particle size: 30 μm), silica gel (moisture absorbing and releasing material, particle size: 30 μm): 5 %, Pulp: 4%, rock wool: 1%, shirasu: 7%, and kneaded by adding about 10 to 20 times the amount of water to the raw material mixture and kneading the resulting slurry. Example 3
In the same manner as in the above, a humidity-controllable building material (board) was obtained using a round-mesh paper machine.

Example 5 By weight, gypsum dihydrate: 18%, blast furnace slag: 40%, cement: 5%, zonotolite: 10% (particle size: 30 μm)
m), zeolite (hygroscopic material, particle size: 30 μm): 1
5%, pulp: 4%, rock wool: 1%, shirasu: 7
% Of a raw material mixture having a composition of
Twenty times as much water was added and kneaded, and the obtained slurry was used as in Example 3 to obtain a humidity-controllable building material (board) using a round-mesh paper machine.

[0042]

According to the first, second and third aspects of the present invention, it is excellent in moisture absorption / desorption characteristics, incombustibility, machinability, dimensional stability, nail / wood screw holding power, and light weight. It is possible to provide a low-humidity building material at low cost.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to manufacture a moisture-controllable building material (board) having a uniform material without a difference in specific gravity due to the papermaking method.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view schematically showing a round-mesh papermaking machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Round-mesh machine 11 Making roll 12 Bottom roll 13 1st tension roll 14 Warm roll 15 Swing roll 16 Stretch roll 17 2nd tension roll 18 1st wire cylinder 19 2nd wire cylinder 20 3rd wire cylinder 21 Return roll 22nd 1 felt roll 23 second felt roll 24 third felt roll 25 fourth felt roll 26 guide roll 27 endless felt roll 28 suction box 29 first butt 30 second butt 31 third butt 32 agitator 33 first coach roll 34 second Coach roll 35 Third coach roll 36 First suction box 37 Second suction box 38 Third suction box

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) E04F 15/08 E04F 15/08 A // (C04B 28/14 C04B 14:04 Z 14:04 18:14 A 18:14 14:08 14:08 22:14 B 22:14 14:18 14:18 16:02 16:02) 111: 28 111: 28 111: 30 111: 30 F term (reference) 2E001 DB03 FA09 FA10 FA11 FA14 GA12 JA01 JA02 JA04 JA09 JA12 JA22 JA25 JB02 JC02 2E110 AA16 AB03 AB04 AB05 AB22 AB23 BA12 EA09 GA33W GA42W GA43W GB12W GB16W GB17W GB18W GB32W GB33W GB62W 2E162 FA01 FA02 FA04 FA05 PA14 PC03 PA02 PA01 PC04 PE04 4G052 EA09 EB02

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A humidity control building material comprising a moisture absorbing / releasing material in which different kinds of moisture absorbing / releasing materials are mixed, an inorganic material such as gypsum dihydrate, a hydraulic substance, perlite and reinforcing fibers. 2. The moisture-controlling building material according to claim 1, wherein the different types of moisture-absorbing and releasing materials are diatomaceous earth-based moisture-absorbing and releasing materials. 3. The moisture control building material according to claim 1, wherein a mixing ratio of the moisture absorbing / releasing material mainly composed of diatomaceous earth to the raw material is in a range of 2% by weight to 90% by weight. 4. A mixed slurry of a moisture absorbing / releasing material obtained by mixing different types of moisture absorbing / releasing materials, an inorganic material such as dihydrate gypsum, a hydraulic substance, perlite, and a reinforcing fiber, and a water mixed slurry are prepared. A method for producing a humidity-controllable building material, comprising drying after having a thickness of 1 mm.