JP2002041114A - Controller and control method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that it is necessary to prepare a long program in order to work a truncated pyramidal shape, and that it is difficult to hold the qualities of the side faces uniform. SOLUTION: This controller is provided with a means for generating an instruction sentence indicating a truncated pyramid and the coordinates of the truncated pyramid from the instruction, a means for calculating a cutting passage from the coordinates, and a finishing means for cutting round the bottom face.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a control device and a control method for performing control for processing a truncated pyramid.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a numerical control device (hereinafter referred to as an NC device).
In the case of cutting a truncated pyramid or a prism using a machine tool using a method, there is a method of processing with a program as shown in FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 101 denotes a step of cutting the XY plane for one round, and 102 denotes a step of moving the position of the tool by a small distance in the Z-axis direction. These steps 101 to 102 are repeated until the end position in the Z-axis direction is reached. I do. Note that this program uses a truncated pyramid as an example, and thus has a configuration in which a taper is formed by increasing the cross-sectional size of the 101 on the XY plane each time the circuit makes one round. The operation of the tool according to this program is shown in FIG. 103 in the figure is a tool,
104 is a workpiece.

In the case of a truncated cone or a cylinder, a fixed form machining command called a helical machining command has been used. In helical machining, a workpiece (or a tool) is rotated at a constant speed, and a tool (or a workpiece) is moved at a constant speed in a direction parallel to a rotation axis, so that the side surface of a truncated cone or a cylinder is spirally machined. This command makes it possible to perform shape processing with a spiral trajectory simply by inputting parameters for specifying the shape of the truncated cone or cylinder to be processed.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-18318 discloses a method of processing a non-circular workpiece whose outer shape changes in the axial direction, such as a piston of an internal combustion engine.

[0005]

In the method shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, in which the XY plane is processed for one round and the operation of moving a minute distance in the Z direction is repeated, the number of repetitions becomes enormous. In the methods shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, it is necessary to create a long machining program using a CAM or the like, and it is necessary to prepare a huge storage area for storing the program. In addition, when performing a process (pic feed) of moving the tool in the Z-axis direction after machining for one round, a cutter mark (tool mark) is generated on a workpiece by the tool, and sufficient machining accuracy cannot be realized. was there.

When the helical machining command is used, the input parameters are reduced, the program is reduced, and the machining is performed in a spiral path, so that no cutter mark is generated. However, the path is determined by the rotation speed and the feed speed in the direction parallel to the rotation axis. Is applicable only to truncated cones or cylinders.

The processing of a non-circular workpiece disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-18318 attempts to shorten programs and suppress tool marks. However, the non-circular shape in the present invention is limited to a shape based on a circle due to the configuration of processing while rotating a workpiece, and cannot be applied to the processing of a truncated pyramid.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and has as its object to provide a control method for shortening a program and preventing a cutter mark in processing a truncated pyramid.

[0009]

A control device according to the present invention detects a machining command for machining a truncated pyramid or a prism in a program and calculates shape data of the program. It has a first trajectory forming means for forming a cutting path and a second trajectory forming means for forming a cutting path for cutting the outer periphery of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface.

The shape data specifies the vertex data of the upper base, the circumference ratio of the upper base and the lower base, the relative position of the lower base with respect to the upper base, and the shape of the side connecting the upper base and the lower base. This is interpolation data.

Further, the shape calculating means reads the coordinates indicating the shape and position of the upper bottom surface and calculates the shape of the upper bottom surface, and calculates the ratio of the peripheral length of the upper bottom surface to the peripheral length of the lower bottom surface. A bottom surface shape calculation means for reading the position of the bottom surface relative to the top surface and calculating the shape and position of the bottom surface, and determining the vertex connection shape for interpolating between the vertices of the top surface and the bottom surface from the shape of the top surface and the shape of the bottom surface Means.

Still further, the first trajectory forming means includes a pitch reading means for reading a tool moving amount per round of the side surface, and a side side for calculating a position at which the tool passes on the side from the spatial coordinates of the truncated pyramid or the prism. It has an upper cutting point calculating means and an interpolation command generating means for interpolating between the cutting points obtained by the side upper cutting point calculating means.

Furthermore, at least one or more intermediate points are provided between the position at which the tool on the side obtained by the on-side cutting point calculating means passes and the position at which the tool on the other side passes. And means for approximating a straight line between the position through which the tool passes and the intermediate point.

The second trajectory forming means reads the shape of the upper bottom face and the shape of the lower bottom face obtained by the lower bottom face shape calculating means, and instructs the tool to rotate around the upper and lower bottom faces. And interpolation command generating means for interpolating between the vertices on the upper bottom surface and interpolating between the vertices on the lower bottom surface.

The input program is discriminated, and if it is a truncated pyramid or a prism, the shape data of the upper base, the ratio of the circumference of the lower base to the upper base, and the relative position data of the lower base relative to the upper base are read. Find bottom shape data,
Setting the spatial coordinates of the truncated pyramid or prism from the upper bottom shape data, the lower bottom shape data, and the interpolation data connecting the vertices of the upper bottom and the lower bottom to form a side,
The method includes a step of calculating and cutting a cutting path from the tool movement amount per one side of the side surface and the spatial coordinates of the truncated pyramid or the prism, and a step of cutting the outer periphery of the upper bottom surface and the outer periphery of the lower bottom surface once.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1 Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of the NC device, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of functions in analysis of a processing shape of a truncated pyramid and a processing path creation process, and FIG.
Is a program example of a truncated pyramid, FIG. 4 is a list of G codes, FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing processing for truncated pyramid processing, FIG. 6 is a flowchart of processing for creating a side of the truncated pyramid, and FIG. FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a process for creating a truncated pyramid, FIG. 8 shows a relationship between a machining path and a side in a truncated pyramid, and FIG. 9 shows a series of machining procedures according to the present embodiment. The processing method of the present invention is hereinafter referred to as a corrected helical processing method.

In the NC apparatus shown in FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a core means of the NC apparatus, and control means for instructing each means to execute processing such as data input / output, calculation, analysis, and storage. A program input means for inputting a program and setting data; 3, a program analyzing means for analyzing the input program; and 4, a data storing means for storing data analyzed by the program analyzing means and supplying the data as necessary. Reference numeral 5 denotes an interpolation processing means for calculating which position the tool is processing for each unit time from the data sent from the program analysis means 3 and instructing the drive means 6.

FIG. 2 shows the details of the program analysis means 3 and the interpolation processing means 5. The program analyzing means 3 in FIG. 2 includes an upper bottom shape calculating means 7 for calculating an upper bottom shape from the coordinate data of the input program, and a lower bottom shape for calculating a lower bottom shape from the calculation result of the upper bottom shape calculating means 7 and the circumference ratio. Shape calculating means 8, bottom outer peripheral length calculating means 9 for calculating the perimeter of the upper bottom face and the lower bottom face from the calculation result of the upper bottom shape calculating means 7 and the calculation result of the lower bottom shape calculating means 8, a vertex serving as a reference for the upper bottom face Means for calculating the vertices of the bottom face corresponding to the above, interpolation method setting means 11 for reading and setting the method of interpolating between vertices from an input program, and setting the interpolation method for the reference points between the top and bottom faces A reference line generating means 12 for connecting and generating a reference line in the interpolation format set by the means 11;
There are vertex connection shape determining means 13 for connecting the remaining vertices based on the reference line, and pitch / rotation number setting means 14 for reading and setting the feed pitch and rotation number of the tool from an input program. Further, the interpolation processing means 5 includes a cutting point calculating means 1 on a side which calculates a point at which the side of the truncated pyramid intersects the cutting path.
5. Interpolation command generating means 16 for generating a cutting path by interpolating between the cutting points on the side, finishing processing commanding means 17 for performing finishing processing for cutting off an uncut portion, and a case where the side surface of the truncated pyramid is formed by a curved surface And a spline interpolation means 18 for approximating a curved surface to a straight line.

Next, based on the truncated pyramid machining program shown in FIG. 3, the operation of the apparatus and the processing method from creation of a machining path to cutting and cutting will be described.

G250.0 on the first line is an instruction for designating the shape of the upper and lower bases of the truncated pyramid. Here, the first argument (P201) is a subprogram number which sets the shape of the upper bottom surface, and the second argument (D2.0) is a ratio of the peripheral length of the lower bottom surface to the peripheral length of the upper bottom surface (hereinafter, the peripheral length ratio). ), Third argument group (x-5
0. Y-50. Z-200. ) Is the relative position of the reference point on the lower bottom face with respect to the reference point on the upper bottom face (specified in the subprogram P201).

G254.0 on the second line is a command for setting a machining start point on the upper bottom surface, and the argument is its coordinate value. The processing start point usually designates the vertex of the upper bottom surface. Up to the second line (including the subprogram on the first line)
Is a processing portion for obtaining a processing shape, and the program analysis means 3 calculates the processing shape of the upper bottom surface, the lower bottom surface, and the side,
The calculation result is stored in the data storage unit 4.

G250.1 on the third line is a corrected helical machining command, and the argument (R100) is a pitch in the Z direction (a movement amount of the tool moving in a direction parallel to the rotation axis per rotation).
It is. The cutting path is calculated by the program analysis means 3 based on the processing shape data and the pitch data which are the arguments of this command. The generation of the cutting path starts from the processing start point on the upper bottom surface, and the coordinates of the intersection of this path and the side are sequentially derived up to the lower bottom surface. Based on these intersections, the interpolation control unit 5 sequentially interpolates between the points (in this case, it is a quadrangular pyramid, so linear interpolation), sends this data to the driving unit 6, and performs processing.

G250.2 on the fourth line is a finish machining command, which is an instruction to machine the outer circumferences of the upper and lower bottom surfaces by one round as finish machining after the completion of the correction helical machining.

Next, the contents of the subprogram will be described. P201 on the first line of the subprogram is a subprogram number. G90 on the second line is a command for specifying the subsequent coordinate system as absolute value coordinates. G255.0 is a virtual position feed command, and it is assumed that the position of the tool has been moved to the designated coordinates (in this case, X-50.Y50.Z200.). G253.0 on the third line is a command indicating the start of input of the bottom surface shape, and is paired with the G253.1 command indicating the end of input.

G255.1 on the fourth line of the subprogram is a virtual machining instruction for designating the bottom surface shape, and it is assumed that the tool has been moved to the designated coordinates. The trajectory drawn by this command is regarded as the shape of the upper base, and the start point and the end point of the tool movement are regarded as the vertices of the upper base. In the fifth to seventh lines, since there is no other instruction, the display of G255.1 is omitted. G253.1 on the eighth line is an instruction used in combination with the above-described G253.0 instruction, and instructs the end of the input of the upper base shape and the calculation of the circumference of the upper base.

G251 on the ninth line of the subprogram is a command for setting the current position as a reference point. Here, the vertex (-50, 50, 200) on the upper bottom surface is set as the reference point. G252.1 on the 10th line is a command for specifying linear interpolation as an interpolation method between the vertices of the upper bottom surface and the vertices of the lower bottom surface.

The above is the program configuration for performing the correction helical machining and the command contents of each command. Next, processing performed in the control device in response to each of these instructions will be described with reference to FIG.

At Step 1 in FIG. 5, processing for sending the machining program input from the program input means 2 to the program analysis means 3 is performed. In Step 2, a process of determining whether or not the input machining program is a program related to the correction helical machining is performed. If it is determined that the processing is not the correction helical processing, a normal program process is performed, and G250. If * (*: 0 to 1) exists, it is determined that the processing is the correction helical processing, and the process proceeds to Step 3.

In Step 3, the data of the upper bottom surface in the subprogram is processed by the upper bottom surface shape calculating means 7, the bottom outer peripheral length calculating means 9, and the interpolation method setting means 11 shown in FIG. ) Is set. Furthermore, the relative position of the circumference of the main program and the lower surface of the subprogram are read. All of these data are stored in the data storage means 4.

In Step 4, a subroutine for generating a lower bottom surface and a reference line is performed. This process is performed according to the flowchart shown in FIG. In step 21 in the figure, information for calculating the upper bottom shape and the lower bottom shape is read from the data storage means 4, and in step 22, the lower bottom shape is obtained from the circumference ratio and the upper bottom shape data stored in the data storage means 4. The calculation means 8 calculates the shape of the lower bottom surface.

In Step 23, the coordinates of each vertex of the lower bottom are calculated from the relative position of the lower bottom stored in the data storage means 4 and the shape data of the upper bottom, and the position of the shape of the lower bottom calculated in Step 22 is determined. Then, a process of storing the shape data of the lower bottom surface again in the data storage means 4 is performed. Further, in this case, each bottom surface reference setting means 10 sets a vertex of the lower bottom surface, which is opposite to a vertex used as a reference point of the upper bottom surface, as a reference point of the lower bottom surface, and stores it in the data storage unit 4.

In Step 24, the reference line generating means 12 performs a process of connecting the respective reference points on the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface in accordance with the interpolation command to form a reference line. In the present embodiment, G
Since it is 252.1, linear interpolation is performed.

In Step 25, the vertex connection shape determining means 13 connects the remaining upper vertices of the upper bottom surface and the remaining vertices of the lower bottom surface based on the reference line, and calculates the side and side of the processed shape. I do. Steps like the above
In step 4, the spatial coordinates of the truncated pyramid to be processed are determined.

In Step 5, the correction helical machining command G250.1 read by the pitch / rotation speed setting means 14 is set.
Is stored in the data storage unit 4. Subsequently, in Step 6, a subroutine process for calculating a machining path shown in FIG. 7 is performed. The calculation of the machining path at this time is performed by setting coordinates on a truncated pyramid as shown in FIG. FIG. 8A shows a state in which the intersection X _nk between the side and the processing path exists between the line segments BC during the processing path creation.
(B) shows the state at the _end of the machining path creation, in which the intersection Xend between the base and the machining path exists.

In Step 31 shown in FIG. 7, a process of reading data (processed shape, upper and lower bottom surfaces, coordinates of its side and vertex, data of side and side sides, interpolation method, etc.) stored in the data storage means 4 is performed.

In Step 32, based on the data stored in the data storage means 4 in Step 31, the amount of movement in the Z-axis direction when the tool moves by one side of the truncated pyramid is calculated by the equation (1).
, And a process of storing the value in the data storage means 4 is performed.

[0037]

(Equation 1)

In Step 33, based on the movement amount h 'of the Z-axis, which was the movement of one side surface in Step 32, the accumulated value S _nk of the movement amount of the Z-axis having moved the other side surface is expressed by equation (2). And store the data in the data storage means 4.

[0039]

(Equation 2)

In Step 34, a process for obtaining an intersection between the machining path and the side is performed. This intersection is the point X _nk in FIG.
(X _nk , y _nk , z _nk ), and is expressed by Expression (3) from the ratio between the Z-axis direction cumulative movement value S _nk calculated in Step 33 and the height h of the truncated pyramid.

[0041]

(Equation 3)

[0042] Further the formula (3) and a point B at both ends of the known and is the side _{(x b, y b, z} b), C (x c, y c, z c) intersection coordinates from the formula (4) Is obtained and stored in the data storage means 4.

[0043]

(Equation 4)

[0044] In STEP 35, performs a process of comparing the Z coordinate of the Z-coordinate and the cutting end point of intersection X _nk calculated in Step 34. In other words, this is a process of comparing the distance between the Z coordinate of the processing start point A and the Z coordinate of _Xnk and the height of the truncated pyramid. Z-coordinate of the intersection point X _nk following Z coordinates of the cutting end point determination if _{(| | z nk -z a ≦} h) is YES, the process proceeds to STEP 36. On the other hand, excess of Z coordinates Z coordinates of the cutting end point of intersection _{X nk (| z nk -z a} |> h) determining if is NO, the process proceeds to Step 37.

[0045] In STEP 36, in the case of the process of linear interpolation performed (first-time determining intersections between the intersection X _{nk -1} determined by the intersection X _nk and its one loop prior to treatment was determined intersection X _nk-1
Is used instead of. ).

In Step 37, as shown in FIG. 8 (b), since the generation of the machining path has reached the bottom, the intersection of the machining path and the base is set as the cutting end point. This cutting end point is X _end
Then, the Z coordinate of X _end is equal to z _c which is the Z coordinate of point C. Therefore, the relationship of Expression (5) holds.

[0047]

(Equation 5)

From this relationship, X _end is expressed by equation (6).

[0049]

(Equation 6)

With this, the processing end point is obtained, and Step
Proceed to 36 to issue an interpolation command between two points. This is St
This is a subroutine performed in ep6.

In Step 7, it is determined whether or not the calculation of the machining path has been performed to the lower bottom surface. If the calculation of the path to the lower bottom surface has been completed, the process proceeds to Step 8, and if not, the process returns to Step 6. Return and repeat the calculation of the machining path.

At Step 8, the X, Y, and Z axes of the machine tool are controlled by sending the data of the machining path obtained at Step 7 from the interpolation command generating means 16 to the driving means 10 via the control means 1. Do.

In Step 9, in order to machine the uncut area near the cutting end point (the machining start point depending on the type of tool) generated by the cutting up to this point, the finish machining command means 17 is executed.
G25 commanded in the subprogram
5. Processing for replacing the instructions with the G00 to G03 instructions, respectively, is performed. In this way, a program for processing the circumference of the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the truncated pyramid for one round is created, and processing is performed in Step 10.
FIG. 9 shows the processing procedure of the correction helical processing and the finishing processing according to the present embodiment up to this point.

By providing the control device with the shape creating means, the machining path creating means, and the operation command of the input parameters corresponding to these means, it is possible to reduce the number of programs for machining the truncated pyramid. Further, when the machine tool is controlled and machined by the machining path generated by this device, the X, Y, and Z axes are simultaneously operated, so that the generation of the cutter mark due to the pick feed can be prevented. Further, since the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface are each finished by one round, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of uncut areas at the processing start point and the processing end point.

Further, in this embodiment, the order of processing the side surface, and then finishing the outer periphery of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface is performed. However, the outer periphery processing of the upper bottom surface is performed first, and then the side surface processing is performed. Alternatively, the outer periphery of the lower bottom surface may be processed.

Embodiment 2 Second Embodiment A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 10 is a program of a truncated quadrangular pyramid whose side is an arc and a side surface is a curved surface, FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a process of creating a side of the truncated pyramid, and FIG. 12 is an arc center point of another vertex from a reference point. FIG. 13 is a flowchart of processing for creating a machining path, FIG. 14 is a relationship between a machining path in the course of creating a machining path, and a side, and FIG. 15 is a machining path and a side when machining path creation is completed. 16 shows the relationship between the approximate point and the side of the machining path, and FIG. 17 shows a series of machining procedures according to the present embodiment.

Based on the processing program for a truncated pyramid having a circular arc on the side shown in FIG. 10, the operation and processing method of the apparatus from creation of a machining path to creation of a machining path to cutting are described. Since this machining program is almost the same as that of the first embodiment, the first program in the subprogram is used here.
Only the designation of the side shape on the 0th line will be described. In the tenth line in FIG. 3, the shape of the interpolation between the upper and lower bases is represented by G25.
2. Although a straight line was used according to the command, in FIG.
2.2 The arc is set (clockwise) according to the command. This circular interpolation command requires a center point and a temporary intermediate point of the circular arc as arguments. The temporary intermediate point will be described in detail later, but when the side is an arc, the side surface is naturally a curved surface. In order to approximate such a machining path on the side surface to a combination of straight lines, it is necessary to specify the number of temporary intermediate points (three in this program). Therefore, the more the number of temporary intermediate points, the closer to an accurate curved surface.

Further, processing performed in the control device in response to each of these instructions will be described with reference to FIG. Since all the calculations based on the circular interpolation in this program are performed in a subroutine, after the program is input, Step 1 to Step 1 are executed.
Up to 3, the same processing as in the first embodiment is performed.

In Step 4, a subroutine process for generating a lower bottom surface and a reference line is performed. This process is performed according to the flowchart shown in FIG. Steps 41 to 41 in the figure
Until Step 43, Steps 21 to St of the first embodiment are performed.
Same as ep23.

In Step 44, the reference line generating means 12 connects the respective reference points on the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface in accordance with the circular interpolation command specified by the G252.2 command to make a reference line.

In Step 45, the vertex connection shape determining means 13 connects the remaining vertices of the upper bottom face and the remaining vertices of the lower bottom face based on the reference line, and calculates the side and side of the processed shape. I do. In this embodiment, since the connection between the vertices is made by an arc, unless the coordinates of the center point of the arc are determined, the curvature cannot be determined and the connection cannot be made. The arc center coordinates specified by G252.2 on the tenth line of the subprogram are valid only for the reference line connecting the reference points on the upper and lower bases, and are not shown for the remaining vertices. It is necessary to obtain each by the method shown in FIG. In this figure, for the sake of simplicity, the center of the truncated pyramid coincides with the Z-axis,
The -Y plane is parallel. In the figure, the second arc center point to be obtained, the vertex A of the upper bottom surface, and the intersection of the perpendicular from the vertex A to the Z axis and the Z axis are on the same plane parallel to the Z axis.
The arc center point to be obtained has the same Z coordinate as the reference arc center point. For this reason, the reference arc center point is rotated to a point-symmetric position on the XY plane to obtain XY coordinates, and the coordinates of the second arc center point are obtained from this and the Z coordinates of the reference arc center point. By performing such processing on the remaining vertices, it is possible to generate a processed shape of the side and the side.

In Step 5, the corrected helical machining instruction G250.
A process for storing the first argument R100 of 1 in the data storage unit 4 is performed. Subsequently, in Step 6, a subroutine process for calculating a machining path shown in FIG. 13 is performed. At this time, the calculation of the machining path is performed by setting coordinates on a truncated pyramid in which the vertices of the upper bottom surface and the vertices of the lower bottom surface are connected by an auxiliary line as shown in FIGS. _Xank is the intersection of the machining path and the side of the arc shape, and the intersection of the perpendicular and the auxiliary line drawn from the intersection to the Z-axis is _Xnk . Figure 14 is a process of creation processing path, shows a state where the intersection Xa _nk of the machining path and the side is present between the arc BC, 15 at the end created machining route, intersection X _end of the bottom side and machining path This indicates that it exists.

[0063] In Step51～Step53, embodiments with respect to X _nk of auxiliary lines and auxiliary lines drawn between vertices 1
The same processing as in Steps 31 to 32 is performed.

In Step 54, as in the first embodiment,
According to Expressions (3) and (4), the Z-axis direction cumulative movement value S_nk,
The height h of the truncated pyramid and the vertex B (x_b, Y_b, Z_b) And vertex C
(X_c, Y_c, Z_c) To X_nk(X_nk, Y_nk, Z_nk)
Confuse. This X_nkTo the arc center point X_R(X_R,
y_R, Z_R) And X_nkThe intersection on the side that exists at the same Z coordinate as
Point Xa _nk(Xa_nk, Ya_nk, Za_nk). This corner
The sides, auxiliary lines, and Z axis of the arc shape of the frustum are the same plane in space.
Since it exists on the surface, the line segment X from FIG._nkXa_nkLength of
Is the line segment X_nkXa_nkAnd line segment X_RX_nkAngle θ
And X_RXa_nkLength (= R) and X_RX_nkCosine length
It is represented by equation (7) substituted into the theorem. ±
Is used in the case of the arc shape shown in FIG.
If it is smaller than π / 2, + is used.

[0065]

(Equation 7)

[0066] point Xa _nk coordinates, this equation (7), point X
perpendicular direction vector beat the Z-axis from the _nk (x _nk, y _nk,
0). That is, the point _Xank , the point _Xnk , the point X
3 of the intersection (0,0, z _nk ) with the perpendicular drawn from _nk to the Z axis
Since the points are on the same straight line, they can be represented by a parameter α as shown in Expression (8).

[0067]

(Equation 8)

From this, the coordinates of _Xnk are ((1−α) X
_nk , (1−α) Y _nk , Z _nk )), and this is stored in the data storage means 4.

[0069] In STEP 55, performs a process of comparing the Z coordinate of the Z-coordinate and the cutting end point of intersection Xa _nk calculated in STEP 54. In other words, Z of the processing start point A
This is a process of comparing the distance between the coordinates and the Z coordinate of _Xnk and the height of the truncated pyramid. The Z coordinate of the intersection _{Xank is} the Z of the cutting end point.
Coordinates following the determination if _{(| | za nk -z a ≦} h) YE
The result is S, and the process proceeds to Step 56. On the other hand, the intersection Xa _nk of Z
Coordinates exceed the Z coordinate of the cutting end point (| za _nk -z _a |>
If h), the determination is NO and the process proceeds to Step 57.

[0070] In STEP 56, the intersection if between intersections determined Xa _nk and intersection Xa _nk-1 obtained in Part 1 loop before processing performing interpolation command (calculation of this intersection is the first time X _{nk -1} coincides with the processing start point A.). Here, the line Xa
_nk-1 Xa _nk is close, very straight line on the side which it traverses Also, the sides 1 and parallel to the plane (e.g., Z-
When viewed two-dimensionally as a line on the (X plane / ZY plane),
It is a perfect straight line. Therefore, the spline interpolation means 18
In approximating the Xa _nk Xa _nk-1 in a straight line. As shown in FIG. 16, e (e: positive integer) intermediate points (set on the 10th line of the subprogram) are provided on the line _Xank-1 Xank, and _ZX
The X and Z coordinates X _{tmP_e} and z _{tmP_e} of each intermediate point on the plane are represented by equation (9).

[0071]

(Equation 9)

From equation (9), the arc-shaped side and the plane z = z
intersection of the _{tmP_e (x tmP_eX, y tmP_e X} , z tmP_eX) is expressed by Equation (10).

[0073]

(Equation 10)

Here, the Y coordinate y _{tmP_eX} in equation (10) is
and _y tmP_eX = y tmP_e, line _Xa nk- ₁ X _{tmP_1,} line X
_{tmP_1} X _{tmP_e2} , ..., line X _{tmP_e-1} X _{tmP_e} , line X _{tmP_e} X
calculating a shape a _nk and order, and stores the coordinates in the data storage means 4, after the linear interpolation between them, spline interpolation, and calculates all the machining path from point Xa _nk-1 to the point Xa _nk Repeat until These are the processes in the pitch / rotation speed setting means 14 and the processing point calculating means 15 on the side.
In this process, the processing locus for one side crossing is calculated.

In Step 57, as shown in FIG. 15, since the generation of the machining path has reached the bottom surface, the intersection of the machining path and the base is set as the cutting end point. Line Xa as in the first embodiment
Z-coordinate of a point X _end existing between _nk-1 Xa _nk equals If it is the Z coordinate of the point C. Therefore, the processing end point Xa _end is obtained using the equations (5) and (6). Subsequent processing in Steps 7 to 10 in FIG.
Is the same as FIG. 17 shows the processing procedure of the side surface processing and the finishing processing according to the present embodiment so far.

By providing the control device with the shape creating means, the machining path creating means, and the operation command of the input parameter corresponding to these means as described above, it is possible to machine a truncated pyramid whose side is formed by an arc. The program can be reduced. Further, when the machine tool is controlled and machined by the machining path generated by this device, the X, Y, and Z axes are simultaneously operated, so that the generation of the cutter mark due to the pick feed can be prevented. Further, since the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface are each finished by one round, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of uncut areas at the processing start point and the processing end point.

Although the truncated pyramid and the prism are originally defined differently in mathematical terms, the prism can be regarded as a case in which the peripheral length ratio between the upper and lower bases of the truncated pyramid is 1 in the present invention. Of course, the present invention can also be applied to the processing of a prism or a substantially prism having a side and a side formed by an arc.

[0078]

According to the present invention, a shape calculating means for detecting a machining command for processing a truncated pyramid or a prism in a program and calculating shape data of the program, and forming a cutting path from the calculation result of the shape calculating means. Since it has the first trajectory forming means and the second trajectory forming means for forming a cutting path for cutting the outer periphery of the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface, it is possible to process a truncated pyramid or a prism.

The shape data specifies the vertex data of the upper base, the circumference ratio of the upper base and the lower base, the relative position of the lower base with respect to the upper base, and the shape of the side connecting the upper base and the lower base. Since the interpolation data is used, a truncated pyramid or a prism can be represented by a minimum number of parameters, and the program capacity can be reduced.

Further, the shape calculation means reads the coordinates indicating the shape and position of the upper bottom face and calculates the shape of the upper bottom face, and calculates the ratio of the circumference of the upper bottom face to the circumference of the lower bottom face. A bottom surface shape calculation means for reading the position of the bottom surface relative to the top surface and calculating the shape and position of the bottom surface, and determining the vertex connection shape for interpolating between the vertices of the top surface and the bottom surface from the shape of the top surface and the shape of the bottom surface Means, the coordinates in the space of the truncated pyramid or the prism can be calculated from the minimum parameters, so that the program capacity can be reduced.

Further, the first trajectory forming means includes a pitch reading means for reading a tool moving amount per one round of the side surface, and a side side for calculating a position at which the tool passes on the side from the spatial coordinates of the truncated pyramid or the prism. Since it has the upper cutting point calculating means and the interpolation command generating means for interpolating between the cutting points obtained by the side upper cutting point calculating means, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cutter marks and perform high-quality machining.

Further, at least one or more intermediate points are provided between the position where the tool on the side obtained by the on-side cutting point calculation means passes and the position where the tool on the other side passes. Since there is a means for approximating a straight line between the position where the tool passes and the intermediate point and the intermediate point, it is possible to machine a substantially truncated pyramid or a substantially prism having a circular side and a curved side.

The second trajectory forming means reads the shape of the upper bottom surface of the input program and the shape of the lower bottom surface obtained by the lower bottom shape calculating means, and instructs the tool to rotate around the upper and lower bottom surfaces. , And interpolation command generating means for interpolating between the vertices of the upper bottom surface and interpolating each of the vertices of the lower bottom surface. Processing is possible.

The input program is determined, and if it is a truncated pyramid or a prism, upper shape data, ratio data of the peripheral length of the lower surface to the upper surface, and relative position data of the lower surface to the upper surface are read. Find bottom shape data,
Setting the spatial coordinates of the truncated pyramid or prism from the upper bottom shape data, the lower bottom shape data, and the interpolation data connecting the vertices of the upper bottom and the lower bottom to form a side,
By having a step of calculating and cutting a cutting path from the tool movement amount per side of the side surface and the spatial coordinates of the truncated pyramid or the prism, and a step of cutting the outer circumference of the upper bottom and the outer circumference of the lower bottom one round, the program is reduced. It is possible to reduce the program capacity.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a control device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a program example showing the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a list of G code commands according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a flow of a control process of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a detailed configuration diagram of a control device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a machined shape creation process according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a machining path creation process according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a processing path and a side according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a processing procedure according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a program example showing the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a machined shape creation process according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of an arc center point according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a machining path creation process according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a relationship between a machining path and a side according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a relationship between a processing path and a bottom side according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a processing path and a curved surface according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a processing procedure according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a program example showing a conventional technique.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of a processing procedure showing a conventional technique.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 control means, 2 program input means, 3 program analysis means, 4 data storage means, 5 interpolation processing means, 6 driving means, 7 upper bottom shape calculation means,
8 Bottom bottom shape calculation means, 9 Bottom outer circumference length calculation means,
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Each bottom surface reference point setting means, 111 interpolation method setting means, 12 reference line generation means, 13 vertex connection shape determination means, 14 pitch / rotation number setting means, 15
Cutting point calculation means on the side, 16 interpolation command generation means,
17 Finish machining command means.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. Program input means for inputting a program, program analysis means for analyzing the program,
A control device having interpolation processing means for instructing a driving trajectory to a driving means based on analysis data of the program analysis means, wherein a processing instruction for processing a truncated pyramid or a prism in the program is detected, and the shape data of the program is detected. , A first trajectory forming means for forming a cutting path from the calculation result of the shape calculating means, and a second trajectory forming means for forming a cutting path for cutting the outer circumferences of the upper and lower bottom surfaces. A control device comprising: 2. The shape data includes vertex data of an upper bottom surface, a peripheral length ratio of the upper and lower bottom surfaces, a relative position of the lower bottom surface with respect to the upper bottom surface, and a side connecting the upper and lower bottom surfaces. The control device according to claim 1, wherein the control data is interpolation data for specifying a shape of a side. 3. A shape calculating means for reading coordinates indicating a shape and a position of an upper bottom face, for calculating the shape of the upper bottom face, and calculating a shape of the upper bottom face and a circumference of the lower bottom face. A lower bottom shape calculating means for reading a ratio and a position of the lower bottom with respect to the upper bottom to calculate a shape and a position of the lower bottom, and calculating the shape of the upper bottom and the shape of the lower bottom to form the upper bottom and the lower bottom. 3. A vertex connection shape determining means for interpolating between vertices.
The control device as described. 4. A first trajectory forming means comprising: pitch reading means for reading a tool movement amount per one round of a side surface; and a side edge for calculating a position at which the tool passes on a side from spatial coordinates of a truncated pyramid or a prism. 4. The control according to claim 1, further comprising: an upper cutting point calculating unit; and an interpolation command generating unit configured to interpolate between the cutting points calculated by the side upper cutting point calculating unit. apparatus. 5. At least one or more intermediate points are provided between a position where the tool passes on the side determined by the cutting point calculating means on the side and a position where the tool passes on the other side. The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising means for approximating a straight line between a position at which the tool passes, an intermediate point, and the intermediate point. 6. The second trajectory forming means reads the shape of the upper bottom face of the input program and the shape of the lower bottom face obtained by the lower bottom face shape calculating means, and the tool rotates around the upper bottom face and the lower bottom face. 6. A finishing processing command means for generating a command to perform the operation, and an interpolation command generating means for interpolating between the vertices of the upper bottom surface and interpolating each of the vertices of the lower bottom surface. The control device according to any one of the above. 7. An input program is discriminated, and if it is a truncated pyramid or a prism, data on the shape of the upper bottom surface, data on the ratio of the circumference of the lower surface to the upper surface, data on the relative position of the lower surface with respect to the upper surface. To obtain the lower base shape data, the upper base shape data, the lower base shape data, and the interpolation data that forms a side by connecting between the vertices of the upper base and the lower base to form the truncated pyramid. Or the step of setting the spatial coordinates of the prism, the step of calculating and cutting a cutting path from the tool movement amount per side circumference and the spatial coordinates of the truncated pyramid or the prism, and the outer circumference of the upper bottom and the lower bottom Cutting the outer circumference once.