JP2001316673A - Continuously chargeable batch-receiving intermittent discharging carbonization apparatus - Google Patents
Continuously chargeable batch-receiving intermittent discharging carbonization apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JP2001316673A JP2001316673A JP2000136516A JP2000136516A JP2001316673A JP 2001316673 A JP2001316673 A JP 2001316673A JP 2000136516 A JP2000136516 A JP 2000136516A JP 2000136516 A JP2000136516 A JP 2000136516A JP 2001316673 A JP2001316673 A JP 2001316673A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- rdf
- carbonization apparatus
- discharged
- heating chamber
- piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003473 refuse derived fuel Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste
Landscapes
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Coke Industry (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明はRDF(ごみ固形燃
料)や木チップ等の炭化装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a carbonization apparatus for RDF (refuse solid fuel), wood chips, and the like.
【0002】[0002]
【従来技術】これまで家庭等から出される一般廃棄物の
多くは焼却処理されていたが中小規模の焼却炉ではダイ
オキシンの排出を抑えることが困難であること及び炭酸
ガスの排出量の削減、未利用エネルギーの積極的活用と
いう観点から一般廃棄物のRDF(Refuse De
rived Fuel)(ごみ固形燃料)化が推進され
ている。一方、RDFをエネルギーとして利用する方法
としてはRDFの燃焼熱を利用したRDF発電やRDF
燃焼ボイラー等が提案されているがRDFを単に燃焼さ
せる方法ではやはりダイオキシンの発生を抑えることが
出来ず、800℃以上の高温燃焼をさせるためには高価
な専焼設備が必要であった。そこで本出願人はRDFを
炭化すれば、もともとRDFは水分が約10%以下なの
で炭化時に発生するガスは燃焼させても容易に高温に出
来るためダイオキシン発生を抑えることが出来ること及
び炭化されたRDFは燃料としての再利用の他、調湿
材、土壌改良資材、水質浄化材等の用途にも広く使用で
きることを見いだしたものである。しかし、従来からガ
ス化、炭化装置として広く使用されているロータリーキ
ルンは小さな傾斜をつけた回転する管体の上部から炭化
する材料を連続的に投入し他方の排出口に移動する際に
ガス化し、炭化され当該ロータリーキルンの開口端から
連続的に排出される構造をとり、発生するガスは熱源の
一部として利用されている。即ち、ロータリーキルンは
炭化する材料を連続的に投入し回転する管体を移動し連
続的に排出されるので炭化する材料の炭化温度や時間に
大きなばらつきがある場合にはその処理条件のフレキシ
ブルな調整が困難である技術的課題をかかえていた。従
って一般廃棄物からなるRDFには120〜200℃の
低温でガス化する樹脂、約300℃でガス化する紙類、
550℃以上でガス化するリグニン系等が混在していて
従来のロータリーキルンでは当該RDFをガス化、炭化
するのは困難であった。2. Description of the Related Art Until now, most of the general waste from households and the like has been incinerated, but it is difficult to control dioxin emissions in small and medium-sized incinerators, and it has not been possible to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. RDF (Refuse De) of general waste from the viewpoint of active utilization of energy use
Driven fuel (garbage solid fuel) is being promoted. On the other hand, methods of using RDF as energy include RDF power generation and RDF using combustion heat of RDF.
Combustion boilers and the like have been proposed, but the method of simply burning RDF still cannot suppress the generation of dioxin, and expensive combustion equipment was required to perform high-temperature combustion at 800 ° C. or higher. Accordingly, the applicant of the present invention has proposed that if RDF is carbonized, the gas generated during carbonization can be easily heated to a high temperature even if it is burned because RDF originally has a water content of about 10% or less. Has found that it can be widely used as a humidity control material, a soil improvement material, a water purification material, etc. in addition to reuse as a fuel. However, a rotary kiln, which has been widely used as a gasification and carbonization apparatus, is continuously charged with a material to be carbonized from the top of a rotating pipe having a small inclination and gasified when moving to the other outlet. The rotary kiln is carbonized and continuously discharged from the open end of the rotary kiln, and the generated gas is used as a part of a heat source. In other words, the rotary kiln continuously feeds the material to be carbonized, moves the rotating tube, and continuously discharges it. If there is a large variation in the carbonization temperature and time of the material to be carbonized, flexible adjustment of the processing conditions is possible. Had difficult technical issues. Therefore, RDF composed of general waste includes resins that gasify at a low temperature of 120 to 200 ° C, papers that gasify at about 300 ° C,
There is a mixture of lignin and the like that gasify at 550 ° C. or higher, and it was difficult to gasify and carbonize the RDF with a conventional rotary kiln.
【0003】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明はRDFや木チ
ップ等の原材料の種類や含有成分のばらつきに関係なく
連続的に投入しガス化し炭化したものだけが排出される
コンパクトで簡単な構造からなる炭化装置の提供を目的
とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is based on a compact and simple structure that continuously inputs and gasifies and discharges only carbonized matter regardless of the type of raw materials such as RDF and wood chips and the dispersion of contained components. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a carbonizing device.
【0004】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】RDFは直径10〜15
mm、長さ30〜50mmの物を中心に様々な大きさの
物が製造されているが一般的にこのようなステック状の
物を容器に入れるとブリッジを形成して空間が出来る。
一方有機材料がガス化、炭化すると体積収縮する。本発
明者らはこれらのことに着目し、下部が円錐状又は多角
錐状のホッパー状の傾斜部を有する加熱室上部からRD
F等の原材料を密閉式スクリューコンベア等で投入しブ
リッジを形成させ、当該ホッパー状の傾斜部壁に通気孔
を設け貧酸素熱風を送り込む。するとガス化し、炭化さ
れたRDF等は体積収縮し加熱室下部の傾斜部下方に落
下する。当該傾斜部の底部には先端部がテーパー状にな
っているピストンが上下可動に設けられていて炭化され
たRDF等が当該ピストン上に所定量堆積するとピスト
ンが下降し、排出口へと炭化物が排出される。また、発
生したガスは上部より回収され熱源の一部に利用しても
良いし、高温燃焼後に大気に排出しても良い。また、原
材料がガス化、炭化により体積収縮し、傾斜部底部に落
下堆積した炭化物の排出方法としては、上記の他に排出
口に板状の開閉板を設け左右にスライドすることで炭化
物を堆積・排出させる方法、横方向からピストンにて押
し出し排出する方法、スクリューコンベアにて連続又は
間欠的に排出する方法等、各種手段が考えられる。しか
し、開閉板をスライドさせたり横方向からピストンで押
し出す方法では炭化物の形状を破壊する恐れがあるこ
と、スクリューコンベア方式では加熱室の内圧が高くな
った場合にガス漏れの原因になる恐れがあること等から
望ましくは前述したように先端部テーパー状のピストン
を上下させる方法を採用するのがよい。The RDF has a diameter of 10 to 15 mm.
Products of various sizes are manufactured centering on products having a length of 30 to 50 mm, and generally, when such stick-like materials are placed in a container, a bridge is formed to create a space.
On the other hand, when the organic material is gasified and carbonized, the volume contracts. The present inventors have paid attention to these points, and RD from the upper portion of the heating chamber having a hopper-shaped inclined portion having a conical or polygonal pyramid-shaped lower portion.
Raw materials such as F are charged by a hermetic screw conveyor or the like to form a bridge, and a ventilation hole is provided in the hopper-shaped inclined wall to feed anoxic hot air. Then, the gasified and carbonized RDF or the like contracts in volume and falls below the inclined portion below the heating chamber. A piston having a tapered tip at the bottom of the inclined portion is provided vertically movable, and when a predetermined amount of carbonized RDF or the like is deposited on the piston, the piston descends, and carbide is discharged to the discharge port. Is discharged. Further, the generated gas may be collected from the upper portion and used as a part of a heat source, or may be discharged to the atmosphere after high-temperature combustion. In addition, as a method of discharging the carbide that has been reduced in volume due to gasification and carbonization of the raw material and dropped and deposited at the bottom of the inclined part, a plate-like opening / closing plate is provided at the discharge port, and the carbide is deposited by sliding left and right. Various methods are conceivable, such as a method of discharging, a method of pushing and discharging with a piston from the lateral direction, and a method of discharging continuously or intermittently with a screw conveyor. However, the method of sliding the opening / closing plate or pushing it from the side with a piston may destroy the shape of the carbide, and the screw conveyor method may cause gas leakage when the internal pressure of the heating chamber increases. For this reason, it is desirable to adopt the method of raising and lowering the piston having the tapered tip portion as described above.
【0005】[0005]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明に係わる実施の形態を図面
に基づいて説明する。加熱室1は鉄板等の鋼材から出来
ている外壁2及び断熱材からなる内壁3からなり下部に
通気孔4を有する耐熱セメント等の耐熱材から出来てい
て、円錐状又は四角錐等の多角錐状のいわゆるホッパー
状の傾斜部5が設けられている(図には円錐状の場合を
示している)。傾斜部5は耐熱材ピース51を脱着可能
に組み合わせて形成されている。ここで傾斜部を脱着式
にしたのは耐熱セメント材は割れやすいことからメンテ
ナンス性を考慮したものである。加熱部の底部には排出
用開口部6が設けられ当該排出用開口部にピストン7が
上下動可能に取り付けられその先端部71はテーパー状
になっていて上昇すると当該開口部を閉じ、下降すると
開口部を開き内容物がテーパー部を滑り排出管8に誘導
される。従って当該テーパー部の形状や傾斜の角度は炭
化される原材料の形状・大きさ等に合わせて設計変更さ
れる。当該ピストンの上昇下降はクランク機構、アクチ
ュエーター等の各種手段が採用できるが加熱室にエアー
が進入しないようにピストン摺動部はシールされてい
る。また、傾斜部の外周には空間9及び貧酸素熱風導入
管10が設けられ原材料の材質にあわせて熱風の送風条
件が設定される。加熱室上部には原材料投入口11が設
けられ密閉式スクリューコンベアが取り付けられてい
る。以下、RDF等のガスか、炭化の流れを説明する。
加熱室上部投入口から密閉式スクリューコンベアにて原
材料のRDF等が連続的に投入されると加熱室内にブリ
ッジ状に堆積する。一方傾斜部通気孔から貧酸素熱風が
送風されていてRDF等が加熱されガス化され炭化が進
むと体積収縮し、ブリッジが崩れ底部に落下しピストン
の上にたまる。ピストンが下降すると炭化物が排出管を
通して排出され、ピストンが上昇して開口部が閉じられ
炭化物がピストン上にたまる。以上の工程を繰り返すこ
とにより原材料は連続に投入されるが炭化されたものだ
けがピストンにより間欠的に精錬排出されることにな
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The heating chamber 1 is made of a heat-resistant material such as a heat-resistant cement having an outer wall 2 made of a steel material such as an iron plate and an inner wall 3 made of a heat insulating material and having a ventilation hole 4 in a lower part thereof, and is a polygonal pyramid such as a cone or a quadrangular pyramid. A so-called hopper-shaped inclined portion 5 is provided (a conical shape is shown in the figure). The inclined portion 5 is formed by detachably combining heat-resistant material pieces 51. The reason why the inclined portion is detachable is that the heat-resistant cement material is easy to be broken, so that maintenance is taken into consideration. A discharge opening 6 is provided at the bottom of the heating unit, and a piston 7 is mounted on the discharge opening so as to be movable up and down. The opening is opened, and the contents slide on the tapered portion and are guided to the discharge pipe 8. Therefore, the shape and the angle of inclination of the tapered portion are changed in design according to the shape and size of the raw material to be carbonized. Various means such as a crank mechanism and an actuator can be employed for raising and lowering the piston, but the piston sliding portion is sealed so that air does not enter the heating chamber. A space 9 and an oxygen-deficient hot air introduction pipe 10 are provided on the outer periphery of the inclined portion, and the blowing condition of the hot air is set according to the material of the raw material. A raw material input port 11 is provided at the upper part of the heating chamber, and a closed screw conveyor is attached. Hereinafter, the flow of gas such as RDF or carbonization will be described.
When raw materials such as RDF are continuously fed from the upper inlet of the heating chamber by a closed screw conveyor, the raw materials are deposited in a bridge shape in the heating chamber. On the other hand, when the oxygen-deficient hot air is blown from the inclined portion ventilation hole, the RDF or the like is heated and gasified and carbonized, the volume contracts, the bridge collapses, falls to the bottom, and accumulates on the piston. When the piston descends, the carbide is discharged through the discharge pipe, the piston rises, the opening is closed, and the carbide accumulates on the piston. By repeating the above steps, raw materials are continuously charged, but only carbonized materials are intermittently refined and discharged by the piston.
【0006】[0006]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、上部からの原材料投入
量は密閉式スクリューコンベアの速度等で調整出来、ガ
ス化及び炭化時間は貧酸素熱風の送風量、送風温度で調
整でき、炭化物の排出量はピストンの上下回数、速度等
で調整できることになり、特に、加熱室下部がホッパー
状になっているので炭化し体積収縮した物だけを取り出
すことが出来るのでRDFや木チップの材質が変化して
も条件設定が容易に変更調整可能となる。また、簡単な
構造でコンパクトな装置なので複数台を並列に並べて排
出口にコンベアを設置連結すれば規模の拡大が容易なだ
けでなく炭化物の排出の連続化も可能である。According to the present invention, the amount of raw materials charged from the top can be adjusted by the speed of a closed screw conveyor, etc., and the gasification and carbonization time can be adjusted by the blowing amount and blowing temperature of the oxygen-deficient hot air, The amount of discharge can be adjusted by the number of times the piston is moved up and down, the speed, etc. In particular, since the lower part of the heating chamber is hopper shaped, only the carbonized and volume shrunk material can be taken out, so the material of RDF and wood chip changes However, the condition setting can be easily changed and adjusted. In addition, since the apparatus is simple and compact, if a plurality of units are arranged in parallel and a conveyor is installed at the discharge port and connected, not only the scale can be easily expanded but also the continuous discharge of carbides is possible.
【図1】本発明に係わる炭化装置例の断面模式図を示
す。FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a carbonizing apparatus according to the present invention.
1・・・加熱室 2・・・加熱室外壁 3・・・加熱室内壁 4・・・通気孔 5・・・ホッパー状の傾斜部 51・・断熱材ピース 6・・・排出用開口部(排出口) 7・・・ピストン 71・・ピストン先端部 8・・・排出管 9・・・熱風誘導空間 10・・熱風導入管 11・・原材料投入口 12・・ステック状の原材料 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Heating room 2 ... Heating room outer wall 3 ... Heating room wall 4 ... Vent hole 5 ... Hopper-shaped inclined part 51 ... Heat insulation material piece 6 ... Discharge opening ( 7) Piston 71 ··· Piston tip 8 ··· Discharge pipe 9 ··· Hot air induction space 10 ··· Hot air introduction pipe 11 ··· Raw material input port 12 ··· Stick-shaped raw material
フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 FI テーマコート゛(参考) // F27B 1/08 F27B 1/08 Z 1/21 1/21 Fターム(参考) 4D004 AA12 AA46 BA02 BA03 BA10 CA26 CA45 CB36 CB42 CB43 4H012 HA06 JA04 JA12 4H015 AA01 AB01 BA12 BB03 CA03 CB01 4K045 AA01 BA10 GA05 GB10 GD16Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (reference) // F27B 1/08 F27B 1/08 Z 1/21 1/21 F term (reference) 4D004 AA12 AA46 BA02 BA03 BA10 CA26 CA45 CB36 CB42 CB43 4H012 HA06 JA04 JA12 4H015 AA01 AB01 BA12 BB03 CA03 CB01 4K045 AA01 BA10 GA05 GB10 GD16
Claims (3)
型炭化装置において加熱室下部にホッパー状の傾斜部を
有し当該傾斜部の底部排出口に開閉装置を設けたことを
特徴とする炭化装置。1. A vertical carbonization apparatus in which a material is introduced from the upper part and discharged from the lower part, wherein a hopper-shaped inclined part is provided at a lower part of the heating chamber, and an opening / closing device is provided at a bottom outlet of the inclined part. apparatus.
にホッパー状の傾斜部排出口を閉じ下降時に当該排出口
を開き内容物を排出することを特徴とする請求項1記載
の炭化装置。2. The carbonization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the piston tip is tapered so that the hopper-shaped inclined portion discharge port is closed when ascending and the discharge port is opened when descending to discharge the contents.
たことを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2記載の炭化
装置。3. The carbonizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a hot-air ventilation hole is provided in the hopper-shaped inclined portion.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000136516A JP2001316673A (en) | 2000-05-10 | 2000-05-10 | Continuously chargeable batch-receiving intermittent discharging carbonization apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2000136516A JP2001316673A (en) | 2000-05-10 | 2000-05-10 | Continuously chargeable batch-receiving intermittent discharging carbonization apparatus |
Publications (1)
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JP2010511771A (en) * | 2006-12-05 | 2010-04-15 | − スツレ エルシャグ、ベングト | Pyrolysis reactor and method for charging and discharging the reactor |
KR101430035B1 (en) | 2006-12-05 | 2014-08-14 | 벵트-스투레 에르스하그 | Reactor for pyrolysis and a method for charging and emptying such a reactor |
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