JP2001313048A - Electric power generating device using solid state macromolecular electrolyte fuel cell - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric power generating device using a solid state macromolecular electrolyte fuel cell utilizing high temperature waste water wasted from a solid state macromolecular electrolyte fuel cell efficiently. SOLUTION: The solid state macromolecular electrolyte fuel cell I and a membrane-separating hydrogen producing device II are installed. An air preheater 26 is installed at an air introduction line 52 branching from an air supply line 29 to a cathode. The air, introduced into the membrane-separating hydrogen producing device II through the air introduction line 52, is burned and supplied to a reforming chamber of a reforming device. The high temperature waste water WH wasted from a cooling part of the solid state macromolecular electrolyte fuel cell I is introduced into the air preheater 26 and utilized for the preheat of the air, and afterwards, it is stored in a warm water tank and recycled to the cooling part.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fuel cell used in the energy sector for directly converting chemical energy of fuel into electric energy, and more particularly to a power generator for a stationary fuel cell using a solid polymer electrolyte. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell has a capacity of 100.
Power generation is performed at a low temperature of ℃ or lower, the output density is high, and it operates at a low temperature, so that there is little deterioration of battery constituent materials,
In recent years, it has been used as a power source for vehicles such as automobiles because of its advantages such as easy start-up.

[0003] As a power generation apparatus using the above-mentioned solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, there is a power generation apparatus having a system configuration as shown in Fig. 9 as an example. The solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generator includes a solid polymer electrolyte membrane 1
The cathode (air electrode) 2 and anode (fuel electrode) 3
The cell sandwiched by the two gas diffusion electrodes is stacked with a separator interposed therebetween to form a stack, and the inlet of the anode 3 of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell I comprising one cooling unit 4 in several cells On the side, a reformer 5, a heat exchanger 6, a shift converter 7, and a CO remover 8 are installed in order from the upstream side,
Methanol as a raw material supplied from the methanol tank 9 is introduced into the reforming chamber of the reformer 5 via the methanol evaporator 10 through the methanol supply line 11, while a part of the water from the water tank 12 is supplied. Steam generator 1
A steam line 14, which feeds steam after the steam is sent in 3, is connected to the methanol supply line 11 so that methanol and steam are mixed and supplied to the reforming chamber of the reformer 5 to perform steam reforming. At the same time, another part of the water from the water tank 12 is returned to the water tank 12 through the heat exchanger 6 and the CO remover 8 for cooling. The reformed gas (fuel gas) from the reforming chamber of the reformer 5 is cooled by heat exchange with the cooling water in the heat exchanger 6 and then shifted by the shift converter 7 operated at 200 ° C. After the CO is removed by the CO remover 8, the humidifier 15
To the anode 3 of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell. On the other hand, air A is compressed by the compressor 17 of the turbocharger 16 and supplied from the humidifier 15 to the inlet side of the cathode 2 of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell I, and a part of the air A is supplied. It is branched and put into a CO remover 8 to be used for CO combustion. Further, the entire amount of the cathode exhaust gas CG discharged from the cathode 2 and a part of the anode exhaust gas AG discharged from the anode 3 are burned. After burning in vessel 19,
The fuel gas is introduced into the heating chamber of the reformer 5, and the methanol in the reforming chamber of the reformer 5 is heated to 250 ° C. in the presence of the reforming catalyst by absorbing heat to react with the fuel gas. Quality.

The exhaust gas discharged from the heating chamber of the reformer 5 is combusted in a combustor 20 together with a part of the anode exhaust gas AG discharged from the anode 3, and then guided to a turbine 18 for a compressor 17. The exhaust gas discharged from the turbine 18 is driven through the steam generator 13 and the methanol evaporator 10 so as to be discharged.

Further, after a part of the cooling water from the water tank 12 is introduced into the cooling section 4 of the stack, the cooling water is cooled by the cooler 21 downstream of the cooling section 4 so as to enter the water tank 12. And the cathode exhaust gas line 22
The water separated by the steam separator 23 in the inside and the steam separator 25 in the anode exhaust gas line 24 is returned to the water tank 12.

[0006]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generator, cooling water is introduced into the cooling section 4 of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell I, and the cooling water is supplied from the cooling section 4 as warm water. Upon discharge, the cooler 21
And the water is returned to the water tank 12, and the use of the hot waste water generated and discharged by the fuel cell I is not attempted. Therefore, conventionally, the effective use of heat energy has not been achieved. This is the actual situation.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generation device capable of effectively utilizing hot waste water discharged from a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell.

[0008]

According to the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a cell in which a solid polymer electrolyte membrane is sandwiched between a cathode and an anode is laminated via a separator, and a cooling unit is provided every several cells. Having a humidifier for air supplied to the cathode, and extracting warm waste water from the cooling section of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, introducing city gas into the reforming chamber and heating the chamber. A hydrogen gas produced by a hydrogen production apparatus including a reformer configured to introduce combustion gas into the gas and a high-temperature shift converter configured to extract hydrogen gas from the gas reformed by the reformer is used as an anode. And an air introduction line that branches off from an air supply line to the cathode and supplies air to the hydrogen production apparatus to supply combustion air to the heating chamber of the reformer. In the middle, an air preheater is provided, the heated effluent taken from the cooling unit, after using the preheating of the air in the air preheater, and was set to circulate to the cooling unit configuration.

[0009] Since the hot waste water from the cooling section of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is led to an air preheater and used for preheating air used for heating the reformer in the hydrogen production apparatus, thermal energy is effectively used. become able to.

In addition, cells comprising a solid polymer electrolyte membrane sandwiched between a cathode and an anode are laminated via a separator, a cooling unit is provided for every several cells, and a humidifier for air supplied to the cathode is provided. A reformer configured to take out warm waste water from the cooling section of the provided solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, introduce a city gas into the reforming chamber, and introduce a combustion gas into the heating chamber; A hydrogen gas produced by a hydrogen production apparatus having a high-temperature shift converter configured to extract only hydrogen gas from the gas reformed by the reformer is supplied to the anode, and the temperature extracted from the cooling unit is supplied to the anode. After the wastewater is supplied to the adsorption refrigerator and used for the production of cold water, it is circulated back to the cooling unit, so that the warm exhaust from the cooling unit of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell is achieved. Was converted, can be utilized as a driving heat source for the production of cold water in the adsorption chiller, it becomes possible to effectively utilize the thermal energy.

Further, as an adsorption type refrigerator, a cylindrical rotary adsorption / desorption device holding an adsorbent is rotatably housed in a cylindrical fixed casing having a closed structure, and is passed through the fixed casing. The adsorbent heat is such that the hot water and the cooling water are flowed in each region in the axial direction of the rotary adsorption / desorption device and the refrigerant is circulated in the radial direction so that the regeneration step and the adsorption step can be continuously performed. By using a heat exchanger with a built-in heat exchanger, the regeneration process and the adsorption process can be performed continuously with one adsorbent heat exchanger without performing valve switching operation. Can be improved.

Further, cells comprising a solid polymer electrolyte membrane sandwiched between a cathode and an anode are stacked with a separator interposed therebetween, and a cooling unit is provided for every several cells, and a humidifier for air supplied to the cathode is further provided. A reformer that is configured to take out warm waste water from the cooling section of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell including: introducing a city gas into the reforming chamber and introducing a combustion gas into the heating chamber; The hydrogen gas produced by the hydrogen production apparatus having a high-temperature shift converter which is configured to take out only hydrogen gas from the gas reformed by the reformer is supplied to the anode, and is taken out from the cooling unit. After connecting the hot wastewater line that raises the temperature of the hot wastewater and supplies it to the absorption refrigerator, the hot wastewater is used for cold water production, and then the hot wastewater return line is circulated back to the cooling section. By the connection with the structure,
The hot waste water from the cooling section of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell is
It can be used as a driving heat source for producing chilled water by an absorption refrigerator, and thermal energy can be used effectively.

Further, by making each heat exchange part of the absorber, regenerator, condenser and evaporator used in the absorption refrigerator a plate-fin type, the absorption refrigerator can be made more compact. it can.

[0014] Further, an absorption liquid circulating pump for forcibly circulating the absorption liquid in the absorber is provided in the absorption liquid circulating line between the absorber and the regenerator, so that the absorption refrigerator can be improved. Compactness can be achieved.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell I and a membrane separation type hydrogen production apparatus II are installed. The hydrogen gas as the fuel gas FG extracted by the high-temperature shift converter of the membrane separation type hydrogen production apparatus II is supplied to the anode of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell I, and the cathode of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell I is supplied to the anode. The air supplied from the air supply line is humidified and introduced, and the hot waste water discharged from the cooling section of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell I is passed through the air preheater 26 and branched from the air supply line. After being used for preheating of the air supplied to the reforming chamber of the reformer of the membrane separation type hydrogen production apparatus II, it is stored in the hot water tank of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell I and then recycled to the cooling section. I do.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, in the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell I, the solid polymer electrolyte membrane 1 is composed of a cathode (air electrode) 2 and an anode (fuel electrode) 3. The cells sandwiched from both sides are stacked with a separator (not shown) interposed therebetween to form a stack, and a cooling unit 4 is provided for every several cells, an air humidifier 27 is further provided, and air A is supplied to a condenser 28. After passing through an air humidifier 27 through an air supply line 29, the air is supplied to the cathode 2 from the inlet side of the cathode 2, and from the cathode 2 to the cathode exhaust gas line 3.
A part of the cathode exhaust gas CG discharged to the atmosphere out of the cathode exhaust gas CG discharged to the first exhaust gas CG is exchanged with fresh air A in the condenser 28 to be released to the atmosphere, and the remaining cathode exhaust gas CG is discharged. The circulation line 3
The anode exhaust gas AG discharged from the anode 3 is recycled to the cathode 2 by the anode 2.
A part is recycled in the circulation line 30, and another part is taken out of the system.

The membrane separation type hydrogen production apparatus II comprises a reforming chamber 33b which is filled with a reforming catalyst and flows city gas TG as a reforming raw material gas, and an alumina ball as a heat transfer promoting filler. Heating chamber 3 filled with combustion gas
In addition to a reformer 33 formed by laminating 3a with a metal partition wall, a plate heat exchanger 34 for exchanging heat of the city gas TG with the reformed gas RG, and an alumina ball as a high-temperature shift catalyst are filled. A palladium membrane as a hydrogen permeable membrane for selectively passing only hydrogen is provided between a shift reaction chamber 35 in which a shift reaction is performed through the reformed gas RG and a plate-type hydrogen gas chamber 36. A plate-type high-temperature shift converter 38 in which a partition wall 37 formed by coating or plating on one surface of a metal plate such that a palladium film is on the shift reaction chamber 35 side, an air preheater 39, and a combustor 40 , Boiler 41 as steam generator
And a hydrogen gas cooler 42, and the city gas TG is
After being compressed by the compressor 43, it is desulfurized by the desulfurizer 44, introduced into the low temperature chamber 45 of the heat exchanger 34 together with the steam S from the boiler 41, and exchanges heat with the reformed gas RG passing through the high temperature chamber 46. And then the high temperature (about 780 ° C.) reformed gas RG reformed in the reforming chamber 33b of the reformer 33 is supplied to the high-temperature shift converter. The temperature is adjusted by the heat exchanger 34 to the operating temperature of 300 to 500 ° C.
, And only hydrogen generated by the shift reaction in the shift reaction chamber 35 flows out to the hydrogen gas chamber 36 through the porous partition wall 37 having a palladium film on the surface thereof. Water vapor S from
Is taken out of the hydrogen gas chamber 36 together with a part of the hydrogen gas, and cooled by a hydrogen gas cooler 42. Also, air A
Is introduced from the blower 47 to the low temperature chamber 48a of the air preheater 39, where it is preheated, and then introduced into the combustor 40, where it is mixed with the remaining reformed gas RG from which hydrogen has been separated in the shift reaction chamber 35. The combustion gas EG is supplied to the heating chamber 33a of the reformer 33 so that the reforming reaction is performed by heat absorption in the reformer 33, and the combustion gas exits the heating chamber 33a of the reformer 33. The gas EG is supplied to the high temperature chamber 4 of the air preheater 39.
8b, after being guided to the boiler 41, it is released to the atmosphere.

Further, the water W is supplied to the boiler 41 by a water pump 49.
To be converted to water vapor S.

A membrane-separated hydrogen production apparatus having such a configuration.
A line 53 of hydrogen gas H produced in II and cooled by the hydrogen gas cooler 42 is connected to the circulation line 30 of the anode exhaust gas AG of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell I, and the membrane separation type hydrogen production apparatus II is connected. The hydrogen gas H produced in the above can be supplied to the anode 3 as the fuel gas FG, and the hot water tank 50 is provided on the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell I side.
And warm water (about 74 ° C.) from the hot water tank 50
Is introduced into the cooling unit 4 by the water pump 51 through the hot water supply line 54, and the hot waste water HW (about 78 ° C.) which has been heated and discharged in the cooling unit 4 is led to the air preheater 26 by the hot waste water line 55. From the air supply line 2 for supplying air A to the cathode 2 so as to store the air A in the hot water tank 50.
9 is connected to the blower 47 of the membrane-separated hydrogen production apparatus II via an air introduction line 52 branched from the air supply line 9 to supply air A to the combustor 40 for producing combustion gas EG to the heating chamber 33a of the reformer 33. Preheating is performed using the hot waste water HW from the cooling unit 4, and hot water in the hot water tank 50 is used as a part of the boiler water of the boiler 41.

Reference numeral 56 denotes an inverter for converting DC power obtained by the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell I into AC, which is extracted for lighting and air conditioning.

According to this embodiment, the hot waste water HW taken out of the cooling section 4 of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell I
Before being stored in the hot water tank 50, the air is preheated to the air preheater 26, and is used for preheating the air A guided to the combustor 40 for heating the reformer 33 of the membrane separation type hydrogen production apparatus II. Thus, effective use of heat energy can be achieved. Further, the cathode exhaust gas CG contains a considerable amount of heat because the hydrogen from the anode 3 reacts with the oxygen in the air and the water vapor is in a rich state.
Since G is recycled and a part of the gas discharged to the atmosphere is exchanged with fresh air in the condenser 28, energy efficiency can be improved.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generator having the same structure as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a solid polymer electrolyte is used. Wastewater HW discharged from the cooling unit 4 of the fuel cell I is used for preheating the air A which is guided to a combustor 40 which is used as a combustion gas EG to a heating chamber 33a of a reformer 33 of a membrane separation type hydrogen production apparatus II. Instead of this, it is used as a driving heat source when producing the cold water CW by the adsorption refrigerator III.

More specifically, as the adsorption refrigerator III, two adsorbent heat exchangers are used to heat the adsorbent with hot water as a driving heat source to desorb the adsorbed refrigerant.
A regeneration step of liquefying the refrigerant vapor at the condensation temperature in the condenser, and conversely to the regeneration step, cooling the adsorbent with cooling water QW, and evaporating the refrigerant vapor evaporated at the evaporation temperature in the evaporator. And the adsorption process is performed by alternately switching the valves provided on the supply of the hot water, the supply of the discharge line and the supply of the cooling water, and the discharge line. A conventionally known type in which cold water CW is manufactured by cooling when heat is taken off and vaporized can be adopted, and the cooling section of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell I is connected to the hot water supply line. 4
The temperature is increased by mixing a part of the steam S generated by the boiler 41 of the membrane separation type hydrogen production apparatus II with the hot waste water HW discharged from the cooling unit 4 by connecting the hot drain line 55 from In a heated state (about 85 ° C.), and the hot water return line 57 is connected to the cooling unit 4.
The hot wastewater HW (about 74 ° C.) used in the regeneration step can be directly recycled to the cooling unit 4 by connecting to a hot water supply line 54 to the cooling unit 4. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 58 denotes a cooling unit for cooling the refrigerant.

In the case of the system configuration shown in FIG. 3, cold water CW for air-conditioning and refrigeration of commodities is generated by the adsorption chiller III by the hot effluent HW discharged from the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell I. It can be manufactured, and thermal energy can be effectively used.

FIGS. 4A and 4B show an example of an adsorbent heat exchanger used in the adsorption refrigerator III of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generator shown in FIG. The fixed casing 59 includes end plates 60 and 61 serving as lids at both ends of the fixed casing 59, and a cylindrical rotary adsorption / desorption device 62 rotatably housed in the fixed casing 59.

The fixed casing 59 has flange portions 63 and 64 at one end and the other end in the longitudinal direction, and a refrigerant introduction portion 66 connected to a refrigerant inlet pipe 65 at one of the left and right opposing positions of the peripheral wall portion. On the other hand, a refrigerant outlet portion 68 connected to and connected to a refrigerant outlet pipe 67 is formed so as to expand outward with a required area, and a refrigerant line from an evaporator is connected to a refrigerant inlet pipe 65, and a refrigerant is provided. The outlet pipe 67 is connected to a refrigerant line to the condenser.

The one end plate 60 has a rotary shaft insertion hole 69 at the center, and one of the upper and lower positions sandwiching the rotary shaft insertion hole 69 on the inner surface on the mounting surface side to the fixed casing 59. The hot water inlet 71 connected to the hot water inlet pipe 70 is connected to the outside, and the cooling water inlet 73 connected to the cooling water inlet pipe 72 is connected to the outside by a required angle area. Formed on the outer peripheral portion on the inner surface side, and a mounting flange portion 7 to the fixed casing 59.
4 is provided.

The other end plate 61 faces the end plate 60 and has a rotary shaft insertion hole 75, a hot water outlet pipe 76, a hot water outlet section 77, a cooling water outlet pipe 78, a cooling water outlet section 79, The configuration has a mounting flange portion 80.

The rotary adsorption / desorption device 62 is mounted on a rotary shaft 81 rotatably inserted and supported in the rotary shaft insertion holes 69 and 75 of the end plates 60 and 61, and is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the fixed casing 59. The center portions of the two small-diameter header plates 82 are attached at intervals corresponding to the length of the fixed casing 59, and a large number of vanes 83 are mounted on the rotation shaft in the space between the two header plates 82. A plurality of desorption chambers 84 are radially attached in parallel with 81 to form a plurality of desorption chambers 84 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and a fin tube type adsorber 85 is housed in each of the desorption chambers 84. 8
5 with the two header plates 8
An opening is supported at 2.

The fin tube type adsorber 85 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (b) in detail, a large number of circular fins 87 having a surface coated with a far-infrared ray element are attached to the outer periphery of a tube 86 serving as a passage for hot water or cooling water QW at required intervals to form a fin tube, and A position between the respective fins 87 on the outer peripheral portion of the tube 86 is filled with a powdery silica gel 88 as an adsorbent, and the outer periphery of the fin tube filled with the silica gel 88 is covered with a wire mesh 89. The fin 87 may further wrap the coating surface of the far-infrared ray element with a foil.

A pulley 90 is attached to one end of a rotating shaft 81 protruding from the rotating shaft insertion holes 69 and 75 of the end plates 60 and 61, and the pulley 90 is connected to a driving pulley 92 attached to an output shaft of a motor 91. In between, the belt 93 is wound around endlessly, and the driving force of the motor 91 is sequentially transmitted from the driving pulley 92 to the belt 93, the pulley 90, and the rotating shaft 81, so that the rotary suction / detachable / desorber 62 can move the end plates 60 and 61. And can be rotated in a fixed casing 59 which is sealed.

In FIG. 4A, reference numeral 94 denotes a sealing material.

When the adsorption type refrigerator III incorporating the adsorbent heat exchanger having the above configuration is used as in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the cooling section of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell I is connected to the hot water inlet pipe 70. 4 is connected to a hot water outlet pipe 76 and a hot water return line 57 to the cooling unit 4 is used.

The rotary adsorption / desorption device 6 is driven by the motor 91.
2 is rotated at a required speed, the hot water HW supplied from the hot water inlet pipe 70 into the fixed casing 59 flows through the tube 86 corresponding to the hot water inlet 71. At this time, the tube 8
Since the silica gel 88 is heated by the radiant heat transfer of the fins 6 and the fins 87, the adsorbed refrigerant R is desorbed and sent to the condenser through the refrigerant outlet pipe 67 to perform the regeneration step. On the other hand, the cooling water QW supplied from the cooling water inlet pipe 72 into the fixed casing 59 is supplied to the cooling water introduction section 7.
Since the silica gel 88 is cooled through the tube 86 and the fins 87 at the portion corresponding to the portion 3, the vaporized refrigerant R sent from the evaporator is supplied to the silica gel 88. The adsorbing step is performed by being adsorbed. Incidentally, it is preferable that the pressure of the regenerating section in which the hot waste water HW flows is 1330 Pa or more, and the pressure of the adsorbing section in which the cooling water QW flows is a pressure considerably lower than the pressure of the regenerating section.

Since the regeneration step and the adsorption step are performed continuously by the rotation of the rotary adsorption / desorption device 62, there is no need to switch between the regeneration step and the adsorption step by switching the conventional valve, which is extremely advantageous. That is, the operation of the conventional adsorption refrigerator is a batch system, and adsorption and desorption by two adsorbent heat exchangers are performed by switching valves, but the rotary adsorption / desorption device as described above is used. By adopting one adsorbent heat exchanger having 62, a continuous adsorption / desorption process of the adsorbent becomes possible without valve operation, and downsizing can be achieved. Further, the heat transfer can be performed in the rotation process of the rotary adsorption / desorption device 62 by the refrigerant movement caused by the pressure difference between the silica gel 88 at the end of the regeneration process and the silica gel 88 at the end of the adsorption process. Can be. In addition, the adsorption type refrigeration capacity also depends on the heat transfer rate between the powdered silica gel 88 and the fins 87, but since the surface of the fins 87 is coated with a far-infrared ray element, the heat radiation and heat transfer can be reduced. Can be promoted.

Next, FIG. 5 shows another example of the adsorbent heat exchanger shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b).
The vanes 82 as the second component are arranged at a required angle so as to form a torsion angle with respect to the rotating shaft 81, and the fin tube type adsorber 85 is also arranged at an angle with the inclination. .

In the case of the configuration shown in FIG.
(B) Since the length of the tube 86 of the fin tube type adsorber 85 can be made longer than that shown in (B), the residence time of the hot water HW and the cooling water QW flowing in the tube 86 can be extended. , The heat efficiency can be improved.

FIG. 6 shows still another embodiment of the present invention, in which an absorption type refrigerator IV is used instead of the adsorption type refrigerator III in the embodiment shown in FIG. The temperature of the hot waste water HW discharged from the cooling section 4 of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell I is raised and guided to the absorption refrigerator IV.

More specifically, as the absorption refrigerator IV, an absorption liquid 96 such as an aqueous solution of lithium bromide in an absorber 95 through which cooling water QW passes passes through a heat exchanger 97 and a regenerator 98.
The regenerator 98 heats the absorbing liquid 96 so that only the refrigerant R such as water is released as water vapor.
A conventionally well-known type in which cold water CW is obtained in the evaporator 100 by a cycle in which the water vapor is again absorbed in the refrigerant R through the condenser 99 and the evaporator 100 can be adopted. Further, in order to forcibly circulate the absorbent 96 in the absorber 95, an absorbent circulating pump 103 is installed in an absorbent circulating line 96 ′ between the absorber 95 and the regenerator 98, A hot drain line 55 from the cooling unit 4 of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell I is connected to the heating line via the hydrogen gas cooler 42 of the membrane separation type hydrogen production apparatus II, and then connected to, for example, a cooling unit. The temperature of the hot waste water HW discharged from 4 to 82 ° C. is increased to 84 ° C. and supplied to the regenerator 98 as a driving heat source.
The hot waste water HW of 78 ° C. is led to the hot water tank 50 through the hot waste water return line 57 and is recycled to the cooling unit 4.

A part of the cathode exhaust gas CG discharged from the cathode 2 to the cathode exhaust gas line 31 is supplied to the air A after passing through the air heater 27 through the air supply line 29.
Together with the circulation line 32 to recycle to the cathode 2, and a part of the cathode exhaust gas CG,
The air A supplied to the air preheater 26 and supplied to the combustor 40 of the membrane separation type hydrogen production apparatus II through the air introduction line 52
The cathode exhaust gas CG after passing through the air preheater 26 is led to the heat exchanger 101 and then discharged to the atmosphere.
Hot water of about 50 ° C. can be produced from water of 0 ° C. Further, a heat exchanger 102 is provided in the middle of a circulation line 30 for circulating the anode exhaust gas AG. Make it possible to produce about 50 ° C. hot water from water.

In the case of the system configuration as shown in FIG. 6, the temperature of the hot waste water HW discharged from the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell I is raised, and the absorption chiller IV is guided to perform air conditioning and process cooling. Chilled water CW can be manufactured, and thermal energy can be effectively used. Further, since hot water can be produced from both the cathode exhaust gas CG and the anode exhaust gas AG, the overall thermal efficiency can be improved. Further, by employing the absorption liquid circulation pump, the absorption liquid 96 that has been naturally circulated in the past can be forcedly circulated, so that the height can be kept low and the size can be reduced.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show still another embodiment of the present invention. In the same construction as that shown in FIG. 6, an absorber constituting an absorption refrigerator IV and a heat exchanger are shown. Absorber 95 ′, heat exchanger 97, each of which has a plate-fin heat exchanger as a heat exchanger, regenerator, condenser, and evaporator
′, A regenerator 98 ′, a condenser 99 ′, an evaporator 100 ′, and an absorbing liquid circulating pump 96 ′ for forcibly circulating the absorbing liquid in the absorber 95 ′.
3 is installed.

Each of the absorber 95 'and the regenerator 98' has a plate-fin type heat exchanger structure. As shown in FIG. 8, a plate fin 104 made of a corrugated plate and a separator plate are provided. 105 are alternately laminated and brazed, and a space formed between the plate fin 104 and the separator 105 for each layer is alternately referred to as a high-temperature side flow path 106 and a low-temperature side flow path 107. Header 108
High temperature fluid 111 introduced from the high temperature side fluid inlet 110
To the other header 109 through the high temperature side channel 106.
And the low-temperature fluid 114 introduced from the low-temperature fluid inlet 113 of the other header 109 is passed through the low-temperature channel 107 to the low-temperature fluid outlet 115 of one header 108. The high-temperature fluid 111 flowing in the high-temperature channel 106 and the low-temperature fluid 11 flowing in the low-temperature channel 107 are discharged.
4 are indirectly contacted with each other via the plate fins 104 and the separator 105 to exchange heat. Therefore, taking the regenerator 98 'as an example, the hot drain port 55 is connected to the high-temperature fluid inlet 110, and the high-temperature fluid outlet 11 is
2 is connected to the hot wastewater return line 57, while the low-temperature side fluid inlet 113 is connected to the outgoing portion of the absorbent circulating line 96 'in which the absorbent circulating pump 103 is installed, and the low-temperature side fluid outlet 115 is circulated to the low-temperature side fluid outlet 115. The configuration is such that the return sections of the line 96 'are connected to each other.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, an absorption refrigerator
By making the heat exchange part of each operation device of the IV a plate fin type, the absorption refrigerator IV can be designed to be compact as a whole and high performance can be achieved. or,
The absorption liquid can be forcedly circulated by adopting the absorption liquid circulation pump 103, so that the height can be kept lower, and in combination with the plate fin type, it contributes to more compactness. Further, since the absorber 95 'and the condenser 99' are made compact, there is an advantage that the cooling unit for producing the cooling water QW can also be made compact, and high performance can be achieved.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the shape of the fin 87 of the fin tube type adsorber 85 shown in FIG. 4B is not limited to a circle. Further, in the embodiment of FIGS. 6 and 7, the hot waste water HW to be supplied to the regenerators 98 and 98 'of the absorption refrigerator IV is provided by a membrane separation type hydrogen production apparatus as in the embodiment of FIG. The temperature may be increased by mixing a part of the steam S generated in the boiler 41 of FIG.
FIG. 1 shows an example of a plate fin type heat exchange section, but it is a matter of course that various other modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0047]

As described above, according to the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generator of the present invention, cells each having a solid polymer electrolyte membrane sandwiched between a cathode and an anode are stacked with a separator interposed therebetween. Having a cooling unit for each cell,
In the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell having a humidifier for air supplied to the cathode, hot waste water is taken out from the cooling section, and city gas is introduced into the reforming chamber and combustion gas is introduced into the heating chamber. A reformer and a hydrogen gas produced by a hydrogen production apparatus having a high-temperature shift converter that is configured to extract hydrogen gas from the gas reformed by the reformer are supplied to the anode, And an air introduction line is provided for supplying air to the hydrogen production apparatus by branching from an air supply line to the cathode and supplying it to the heating chamber of the reformer for combustion gas, and an air preheater is provided in the middle of the line. Since the hot wastewater taken out from the cooling section is used for preheating air in the air preheater and then circulated to the cooling section, the cooling of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell is performed. The wastewater discharged from the system can be used for preheating air used for heating the reformer in the membrane-separated hydrogen production system, so that heat energy can be used effectively, A solid polymer electrolyte in which a cell in which a molecular electrolyte membrane is sandwiched between a cathode and an anode is stacked via a separator, and a cooling unit is provided for every several cells, and further, a humidifier for air supplied to the cathode is provided. A reformer configured to take out warm waste water from the cooling section of the fuel cell, introduce city gas into the reforming chamber, and introduce combustion gas into the heating chamber. Hydrogen gas produced by a hydrogen production apparatus having a high-temperature shift converter configured to extract only hydrogen gas from the discharged gas is supplied to the anode, and the hot wastewater extracted from the cooling unit is adsorbed. By supplying water to the freezer and using it for producing cold water, it is circulated back to the cooling section, producing hot water discharged from the cooling section of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell to produce cold water. Can be used as a driving heat source for adsorption refrigerators
Effective utilization of hot wastewater can be achieved. Furthermore, as an adsorption refrigerator, a cylindrical rotary adsorption / desorption device holding an adsorbent is rotatably housed in a cylindrical fixed casing with a closed structure. Through the fixed casing, flowing hot water and cooling water in the axial direction of the rotary adsorption and desorption device for each region,
Adsorption without valve operation is achieved by using a structure that incorporates an adsorbent heat exchanger that allows the regeneration process and the adsorption process to be performed continuously by circulating a refrigerant in the radial direction. This is advantageous because a continuous adsorption / desorption process of the agent can be made possible.Furthermore, a cell in which a solid polymer electrolyte membrane is sandwiched between a cathode and an anode is laminated via a separator, and a cooling unit is provided every few cells. Having a humidifier for air supplied to the cathode, and taking out warm waste water from the cooling section of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, introducing city gas into the reforming chamber, and introducing heat into the heating chamber. Manufactured by a hydrogen production apparatus including a reformer configured to introduce a combustion gas and a high-temperature shift converter configured to extract only hydrogen gas from the gas reformed by the reformer Hot water discharged to the anode, and connected to a hot water drain line for raising the temperature of the hot wastewater taken out from the cooling section and supplying it to the absorption refrigerator. After using, the hot waste water return line is connected so as to circulate back to the cooling part, so that the hot waste water discharged from the cooling part of the solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell can be cooled, It can be used as a driving heat source for the refrigerator, and can make effective use of hot wastewater. In addition, each heat exchange part of the absorber, regenerator, condenser, and evaporator used in the absorption refrigerator is a plate fin. By adopting a mold-type configuration, the absorption refrigerator can be made more compact, and the absorption liquid in the absorber is forcibly circulated through the absorption liquid circulation line between the absorber and the regenerator. Absorbent circulation pump With installed configuration, it is possible to achieve a more compact absorption chiller, there is exhibited an excellent effect that.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram specifically showing an example of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

4 shows an example of an adsorbent heat exchanger used in the adsorption refrigerator shown in FIG. 3, wherein (a) is an exploded perspective view and (b)
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a fin tube type adsorber.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a rotary adsorption / desorption device showing another example of the adsorbent heat exchanger.

FIG. 6 is a system configuration diagram showing still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a system configuration diagram showing still another embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a regenerator and the like used in the absorption refrigerator shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a conventional solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 I Solid Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell II Membrane Separation Type Hydrogen Production System (Hydrogen Production System) III Adsorption Refrigerator IV Absorption Refrigerator 1 Solid Polymer Electrolyte Membrane 2 Cathode 3 Anode 4 Cooling Unit 26 Air Preheater 27 Humidifier 29 Air supply line 33 Reformer 33a Heating chamber 33b Reforming chamber 38 High temperature shift converter 52 Air introduction line 55 Hot drainage line 57 Hot drainage return line 59 Fixed casing 62 Rotary adsorption / desorption device 85 Fin tube type adsorber 88 Silica gel ( (Adsorbent) 95 'Absorber 96' Absorbent circulation line 98 'Regenerator 99' Condenser 100 'Evaporator 103 Absorbent circulation pump A Air TG City gas EG Combustion gas RG Reformed gas H Hydrogen gas HW Hot water QW Cooling Water R refrigerant

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kazunori Kobayashi 3-2-1-16 Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries, Ltd. Tokyo Engineering Center (72) Inventor Akio Yamanishi Shin-Nakahara-cho, Isogo-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa No. 1 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries, Ltd. Machinery & Plant Development Center (72) Inventor Hiroshi Imaizumi 3-2-1, Toyosu, Koto-ku, Tokyo Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries, Ltd. Tokyo Engineering Center (72) Inventor Yukitaka Hamada F-term (reference) 3L093 AA04 BB01 BB26 BB29 BB43 MM00 NN04 PP02 PP04 PP15 PP19 RR01 RR04 5H026 AA06 5H027 AA06 BA01 CC

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A cell in which a solid polymer electrolyte membrane is sandwiched between a cathode and an anode is laminated via a separator, a cooling unit is provided for every several cells, and a humidifier for air supplied to the cathode is provided. A reformer configured to take out warm waste water from the cooling section of the provided solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, introduce a city gas into the reforming chamber, and introduce a combustion gas into the heating chamber; The hydrogen gas produced by the hydrogen production apparatus having a high-temperature shift converter configured to extract hydrogen gas from the gas reformed by the reformer is supplied to the anode, and branched from the air supply line to the cathode. An air introduction line is provided for supplying air to the hydrogen production apparatus and supplying combustion gas to the heating chamber of the reformer, and an air preheater is provided in the middle of the line, and is taken out of the cooling unit. A solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generator, wherein the heated wastewater is used for preheating air by the air preheater and then circulated to a cooling unit. 2. A cell in which a solid polymer electrolyte membrane is sandwiched between a cathode and an anode is stacked via a separator, a cooling unit is provided for every several cells, and a humidifier for air supplied to the cathode is provided. A reformer configured to take out warm waste water from the cooling section of the provided solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, introduce a city gas into the reforming chamber, and introduce a combustion gas into the heating chamber; A hydrogen gas produced by a hydrogen production apparatus having a high-temperature shift converter configured to extract only hydrogen gas from the gas reformed by the reformer is supplied to the anode, and the temperature extracted from the cooling unit is supplied to the anode. A solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generator having a configuration in which wastewater is supplied to an adsorption refrigerator and used for cold water production, and then circulated back to a cooling unit. 3. As an adsorption type refrigerator, a cylindrical rotary adsorption / desorption device holding an adsorbent is rotatably housed in a cylindrical fixed casing having a closed structure, and is passed through the fixed casing. The adsorbent heat is such that the hot water and the cooling water are flowed in each region in the axial direction of the rotary adsorption / desorption device and the refrigerant is circulated in the radial direction so that the regeneration step and the adsorption step can be continuously performed. 3. The solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generator according to claim 2, wherein the power generator has a configuration in which an exchanger is incorporated. 4. A cell in which a solid polymer electrolyte membrane is sandwiched between a cathode and an anode is laminated via a separator, a cooling unit is provided for every several cells, and a humidifier for air supplied to the cathode is provided. A reformer configured to take out warm waste water from the cooling section of the provided solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, introduce a city gas into the reforming chamber, and introduce a combustion gas into the heating chamber; A hydrogen gas produced by a hydrogen production apparatus having a high-temperature shift converter configured to extract only hydrogen gas from the gas reformed by the reformer is supplied to the anode, and the temperature extracted from the cooling unit is supplied to the anode. A hot water drain line was connected to connect the hot waste water line to raise the temperature of the waste water and supply it to the absorption refrigerator. After using the hot waste water for cold water production, a hot waste water return line was connected to circulate it back to the cooling section. A polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generator having a configuration. 5. An absorber, a regenerator, and an absorber used in an absorption refrigerator.
5. The solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell power generator according to claim 4, wherein each heat exchange part of the condenser and the evaporator is of a plate fin type. 6. The solid polymer electrolyte according to claim 4, wherein an absorbent circulating pump for forcibly circulating the absorbent in the absorber is provided in the absorbent circulating line between the absorber and the regenerator. Type fuel cell power generator.