JP2001123183A - Method for gasifying fuel consisting essentially of carbon and solar gasifying furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide both a method for gasifying a fuel and a solar gasifying furnace by which the fuel such as a fossil fuel can efficiently be reduced by utilizing sunlight, particles can efficiently be irradiated with the sunlight and the reactional efficiency of the particles can thereby be raised to compact a reactional furnace without circulating a, large amount of magnetite. SOLUTION: This solar gasifying furnace is equipped with a solar light heating chamber 12 having a fluid medium 8 in the interior and irradiated with the condensed sunlight 4 and a gasifying reactional chamber 14 having the fluid medium 8 in the interior, fed with steam 7 and the fuel 6 and mutually reacting both and capable of circulating the fluid medium 8 between the solar light heating chamber 12 and the gasifying reactional chamber 14. The sunlight 4 is condensed and the fuel consisting essentially of carbon is irradiated therewith. Steam is then reacted with the fuel heated thereby to produce a synthesis gas containing hydrogen.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for gasifying a fuel containing carbon as a main component, which gasifies a fuel such as coal using solar energy, and a solar gasifier.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to avoid global warming due to CO2, there is a demand for a technology for converting solar energy into a chemical fuel that can efficiently utilize solar energy abundantly obtained in desert areas. This technology for converting solar energy into chemical fuel is
(1) enabling high-efficiency chemical energy conversion of solar energy, (2) the resulting chemical energy facilitates global transport and storage, and (3) removing environmental pollutants such as sulfur in the process. (4) It has excellent features such as small economic barriers to introduction in terms of transportation costs and infrastructure development.

In order to establish such technology, Australia, Germany, and the IEA (International Energy Agency)
Research on chemical conversion of solar energy is currently under way as an international collaborative research involving Israel, Russia, Spain, Switzerland and the United States.

[0004] As part of this research, a study on a solar / chemical energy conversion system which decomposes magnetite into wustite at a high temperature of around 2000 ° C has been promoted in Switzerland.
In order to realize a reaction at around 00 ° C., a fluidized bed technology in which a focused beam is introduced into a reactor having a high gravitational activity and magnetite particles are sprayed like a cloud therein has been developed and studied. In addition, the United States and Germany jointly
The solar / chemical energy conversion technology has been studied by a CO2 reforming study of methane using a large-diameter concentrating solar furnace of 0 kW.

FIG. 4 shows a reduction reactor for a coal gasifier using solar energy (hereinafter referred to as a reduction reactor utilizing sunlight).
It is a schematic diagram of (A), particles are dropped in the vertical direction,
The reduction reactor for irradiating sunlight from the horizontal direction, (B) is a reduction reactor for forming a bed with particles and irradiating the bed with sunlight. These are all reported in the ASME report ("DEVELOPMENT OF SOLAR COAL GASIFICATIO
N TECHNOLOGY ", 1996.9.01, ASME REPORT).

[0006]

In the conventional reduction reactor utilizing sunlight shown in FIG. 4, sunlight is applied to only one of the particles.
Since there is only the first row or the first layer, the second and subsequent rows are not sufficiently irradiated with light, so that a large irradiation area is required or more unreacted particles need to be circulated. . In other words, when reducing fossil fuels and the like with metal oxides using sunlight, it is necessary to efficiently irradiate each particle with sunlight in order to sufficiently promote the oxidation and reduction reactions. In a conventional solar reduction reactor, the sunlight is blocked by each particle itself, and the particles located in the shadow do not react. As a result, a large area is required to make all the particles react efficiently. And the circulation of particles must be repeated. As a result, there is a problem that the reaction efficiency is low and the reactor becomes large.

[0007] In order to solve this problem, the applicant of the present application has previously disclosed a photochemical reactor for irradiating mixed particles of coal and oxide with light to cause a reduction reaction of coal, and a reduction reaction of the coal. (2) a photoreduction reactor equipped with a hydrogen generation reactor for returning the reduced product produced in the above to oxide by reaction with water vapor and simultaneously generating hydrogen.
No. 79955). The present invention provides a solar thermochemical reactor for irradiating mixed particles of coal and magnetite with sunlight to cause a reduction reaction of the coal, and simultaneously converts wustite generated by the reduction reaction of the coal into magnetite by reacting with steam to produce hydrogen. And a hydrogen generation reactor for generating hydrogen.

The light-reducing reactor described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-279955 can efficiently irradiate particles with sunlight, thereby increasing the reaction efficiency of particles and efficiently reducing fossil fuels and the like. .

However, the photoreduction reactor disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-279955 indirectly reacts coal with water (H ₂ O) using magnetite (Fe ₃ O ₄ ) as a medium to produce synthesis gas (CO, H ₂ ), it was necessary to circulate a large amount of magnetite, and there was a problem that the apparatus became large.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems. That is, an object of the present invention is to efficiently reduce fossil fuels and the like using sunlight, efficiently irradiate the particles with sunlight, thereby increasing the reaction efficiency of the particles, and producing a large amount of magnetite. An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel gasification method and a solar gasification furnace which can make the reactor compact without circulation.

[0011]

According to the present invention, a fuel containing carbon as a main component is condensed with sunlight to irradiate the fuel, thereby causing a steam to act on the heated fuel to produce a synthetic fuel containing hydrogen. There is provided a method for gasifying a fuel, the method comprising producing a gas. According to the method of the present invention, the fuel is heated to a high temperature (for example, 700 to 1000 ° C.) by the condensed sunlight, and steam is acted in the heated state, so that C + H ₂ O → CO + H _2.
, A synthesis gas containing hydrogen can be generated.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a gas containing oxygen together with steam is supplied to oxidize a part of the fuel. Due to the heat generated by the partial oxidation, a decrease in temperature due to an endothermic reaction is suppressed, and a synthesis gas can be generated stably.

Further, according to the present invention, a solar heating chamber (12) having a flowing medium therein and irradiated with condensed sunlight (4), and a steam having a flowing medium (8) therein and having a steam therein. (7)
And a gasification reaction chamber (14), which is supplied with a fuel (6) and reacts with each other, wherein a fluid medium circulates between the solar heating chamber and the gasification reaction chamber. A furnace is provided. According to the configuration of the present invention, the flowing medium (8) circulates between the solar heating chamber (12) and the gasification reaction chamber (14), so that the solar heating chamber is irradiated with the sunlight (4). The flowing medium is heated by sunlight, and then the steam (7) and the fuel (6) react in the gasification reaction chamber by the heat of the heated flowing medium to produce synthesis gas. Further, since the fuel (6) is supplied to the gasification reaction chamber (14), it is possible to suppress the inflow of tar and volatile matter generated in the early stage of heating into the solar heating chamber (12), and The inside of the chamber (12) can be kept clean.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solar heating chamber (12) guides sunlight collected by a reflector or the like into the furnace and further increases the density of the sunlight. A mirror (13) is provided on the top. With this compound parabolic mirror (13), sunlight is reflected by a large number of heliostats and then reflected by a reflecting mirror to form a compound parabolic mirror (CP).
The light can be condensed at the focal point of C) and radiated downward into the solar heating chamber (12).

At the top of the compound parabolic mirror (13), there is provided a transmission window (13a) provided on the upper surface so as to allow sunlight to pass downward, and a purge gas is provided inside the compound parabolic mirror. It is purged and the outer periphery is cooled with cooling water. The transmission window (13a) can efficiently radiate sunlight downward and prevent heat loss. Further, the purge of the purge gas can prevent contamination of the compound parabolic mirror (13) and the transmission window (13a) by foreign substances (tar, volatile matter, dust, etc.) generated in the solar heating chamber (12). Further, by cooling the outer peripheral portion of the composite parabolic mirror with cooling water, it is possible to prevent overheating of the composite parabolic mirror (CPC) and to prevent its performance from deteriorating.

The fluidized bed of the solar heating chamber (12) is a descending fluidized bed obtained by fluidizing a fluid medium containing fuel with a fluidizing gas containing no water vapor, and the gasification reaction chamber (14).
Is an ascending fluidized bed in which a fluidized medium containing fuel is fluidized with a fluidizing gas containing steam, and the heated fluidized medium flows into the ascending fluidized bed from the lower part of the descending fluidized bed, After the reaction, the fluidized medium flows into the descending fluidized bed from above and circulates. The fluidized bed of the solar heating chamber (12) keeps the superficial velocity low with a fluidized gas containing no steam, and the fluidized bed of the gasification reaction chamber (14) is relatively fast with the fluidized gas containing steam. The superficial velocity is assumed. As a result, the fluidized bed of the solar heating chamber (12) is moved downward, and the gasification reaction chamber (1) is moved downward.
The fluidized bed of 4) is an ascending fluidized bed, the heated fluidized medium flows into the ascending fluidized bed from the lower part of the descending fluidized bed, and the fluidized medium after the reaction flows into the descending fluidized bed from the upper part of the ascending fluidized bed and circulates. Can be done.

A wind box (15a, 15) partitioned from the lower part of the solar heating chamber (12) and the gasification reaction chamber (14).
b), wherein the solar heating chamber and the gasification reaction chamber can be fluidized independently of each other. With this configuration, the solar heating room (1
A fluidizing gas containing no steam can be supplied from the wind box (15a) of 2) at a low superficial velocity, and the gasification reaction chamber (1) can be supplied.
4) The fluidizing gas containing water vapor can be supplied from the wind box (15b) at a relatively high superficial velocity to form a circulation of a fluid medium between the solar heating chamber and the gasification reaction chamber. Can be.

A cyclone separator (22) for separating a mixture of the fuel and the fluidized medium scattered with the product gas after the reaction from the gasification reaction chamber (14) from the product gas, and returning the separated mixture to the gasification reaction chamber. Circulation piping (23)
Are provided. By the cyclone separator (22), fine particles (mixture of fuel and fluidized medium) entrained in the product gas can be separated from the product gas and returned to the gasification reaction chamber (14) via the circulation pipe (23). In addition, it is possible to reduce fine particles in the generated gas and to increase the reaction efficiency in the gasification reaction chamber.

By using solid particles having an excellent heat storage function as the fluid medium, a temperature decrease in the endothermic reaction in the gasification reaction chamber is suppressed, and the gasification reaction is promoted. For example, by using black sand or the like having a high heat absorption rate as a fluid medium, the heat storage amount of the fluid medium can be increased, and the gasification efficiency can be enhanced.

A component that absorbs sulfur is added to the fluidized medium, and a sulfur compound produced as a by-product during the gasification reaction of the fuel is absorbed in the gasification reaction chamber to produce a synthesis gas having a low sulfur content. For example, CaCO ₃ which is pyrolyzed into CaO in a furnace
Is added to the fluidized medium, H ₂ S by-produced during the gasification reaction reacts with CaO, and H ₂ S + CaO → C
By the reaction of aS + H ₂ O, a sulfur compound can be recovered as a solid of CaS, and the sulfur content in the synthesis gas can be desulfurized. It should be noted that solid particles having excellent heat storage function (for example, silica sand close to black) and a component that absorbs sulfur (for example, CaCO 3)
₃ ) may be mixed and used together.

A gas containing oxygen is added to the fluidizing gas in the gasification reaction chamber, a partial oxidation reaction is performed in the gasification reaction chamber, and a part of the heat required for the gasification reaction is supplied by the heat generated by the fuel. With this configuration, even when the amount of heat of the collected sunlight (4) is insufficient, the shortage can be supplied by the heat generation of the fuel, and the synthesis gas can be stably generated.

[0022]

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each of the drawings, common portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a gasification facility provided with the solar gasification furnace of the present invention. This figure shows a light collection system of the reflection tower type, 1 is a heliostat,
2 is a reflection mirror provided in the tower, and 10 is a solar gasification furnace. The sunlight 4 is reflected by a large number of heliostats 1 and then reflected by a reflection mirror 2 so as to be condensed toward a solar gasification furnace 10 and to be radiated downward therein. With this configuration, the inside of the solar gasifier 10 can be heated to a high temperature of 1200 ° C. or higher. The present invention is not limited to such a light-collecting system, and may be, for example, a light-collecting system using a Fresnel lens.

FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram of the solar gasifier of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an internal configuration diagram of the solar gasifier of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the solar gasification furnace 10 of the present invention includes a solar heating chamber 12 and a gasification reaction chamber 14, and includes a solar heating chamber 12 and a gasification reaction chamber 1.
4 circulates a fluid medium 8. As the fluidizing medium 8 (or fluidizing aid), for example, a fluidizing medium similar to fluidized bed combustion, for example, silica sand is used.

The solar heating chamber 12 has a compound parabolic mirror 13 at the top. The compound parabolic mirror 13 condenses the sunlight 4 condensed by the reflectors 1 and 2 shown in FIG. 1 at the focal point of the parabolic mirror, guides the sunlight 4 further into the furnace, and further increases the density of the sunlight. It is designed to increase. In addition, a transmission window 13a (for example, quartz glass) airtightly provided on the upper surface so as to allow sunlight to pass downward is provided at the top of the composite parabolic mirror 13, and the sunlight is efficiently radiated downward and heat is emitted. Loss is prevented. Furthermore, the inside of the compound parabolic mirror 13 is purged with a purge gas, and the downward flow of the purge gas causes the solar heating chamber 1 to flow.
2 prevents contamination of the compound parabolic mirror 13 and the transmission window 13a by foreign substances (tar, volatile matter, dust, and the like) generated in Step 2. Further, the outer peripheral portion of the compound parabolic mirror 13 is cooled by the cooling water to prevent overheating of the compound parabolic mirror (CPC) and prevent its performance from deteriorating.

Below the solar heating chamber 12 and the gasification reaction chamber 14, there are provided wind boxes 15a and 15b which are separated from each other. As shown in FIG. 2, the synthesis gas exiting the gasification reaction chamber 14 is supplied to a gas purification facility or the like via a cyclone separator 22. A part of the synthesis gas is supplied to the wind box 15 a of the solar heating chamber 12 by the fan 25 after dust is removed by the filter 24. This gas is generally called "circulating gas". The main components of the circulating gas are hydrogen (H ₂ ) and carbon monoxide (CO). Further, a mixed gas obtained by adding steam to the circulating gas is supplied to the wind box 15 b of the gasification reaction chamber 14.

The inside of the solar heating chamber 12 is filled with the flowing medium 8, and a partition plate 17a for passing gas is provided in a partition separating the wind box 15a and the solar heating chamber 12, and a circulating gas flowing from below. As a result, the fluidizing medium 8 inside is fluidized to form a gentle fluidized bed.

Similarly, the inside of the gasification reaction chamber 14 is also filled with the fluidized medium 8, and a partition plate 17b through which gas flows is provided in a partition separating the wind box 15b and the gasification reaction chamber 14, so that the gas flows from below. The fluid mixture 8 fluidizes the internal fluid medium 8 to form a relatively intense fluidized bed. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 26 denotes a fluid medium hopper, and 27 denotes a fuel hopper.
4 is supplied with a fluid medium and fuel.

As shown in FIG. 3, the solar heating chamber 12 and the gasification reaction chamber 14 are separated by a heat-resistant partition 16. An upper communication port 16a (overflow port) and a lower communication port 16b communicating with each other are provided at the upper and lower portions. As described above, since the fluidized bed of the solar heating chamber 12 is gentle and the fluidized bed of the gasification reaction chamber 14 is relatively intense, the fluidized medium 8 overflows from the upper communication port 16a to the solar heating chamber 12. The fluid medium flows into the gasification reaction chamber 14 from the lower communication port 16b due to the same pressure difference as the fluid. Therefore, the fluidized bed of the solar heating chamber 12 is a descending fluidized bed obtained by fluidizing the fluidized medium 8 containing fuel with a fluidizing gas (circulating gas) containing no water vapor. A fluidized medium containing fuel is fluidized with a fluidized gas containing water vapor to form an ascending fluidized bed, and the heated fluidized medium flows into the ascending fluidized bed from the lower part of the descending fluidized bed and flows downward from the upper part of the ascending fluidized bed. The fluidized medium after the reaction flows into the bed and circulates. As the fuel 6, a solid fuel mainly containing carbon, such as coal and coke, is mainly used, but combustibles mainly containing carbon can be used for wastes and the like.

As shown in FIG. 3, the fuel 6 is supplied to the gasification reaction chamber 14, and the fluid medium 8 is supplied to the solar heating chamber 12 as required. Fluid medium 8 in solar heating room 12
Is heated to a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or more by sunlight condensed by the compound parabolic mirror 13 and radiated downward into the inside thereof. In this case, the flowing medium 8 in the solar heating chamber 12
Does not contain unreacted fuel 6 and does not contain water vapor in the circulating gas.
Is merely heated and little reaction occurs. Therefore, the generation of tar, volatile matter, dust and the like can be minimized, and contamination of the compound parabolic mirror 13 and the transmission window 13a can be prevented.

On the other hand, the fuel 6 supplied to the gasification reaction chamber 14
Is heated inside to generate tar, volatile matter, etc., which are thermally decomposed and gasified in a short time and discharged together with the generated gas. Carbon C remaining from this pyrolysis
Is supplied to the solar heating chamber 12, is heated to a high temperature together with the flowing medium 8, and is supplied to the lower part of the gasification reaction chamber 14. Since the fluidizing gas in the gasification reaction chamber 14 contains water vapor as described above, the gasification reaction chamber 14 has C + H
By the reaction of ₂ O → CO + H ₂ , a synthesis gas containing hydrogen is generated.

By using solid particles (for example, silica sand close to black) excellent in heat storage function for the fluid medium 8 described above,
It is possible to suppress a temperature decrease in the endothermic reaction in the gasification reaction chamber and promote the gasification reaction. Further, a component (for example, CaCO ₃ ) that absorbs a sulfur component is added to the fluid medium 8, and a sulfur compound (H ₂ S) by-produced during the gasification reaction of the fuel is added.
Can be recovered as a solid CaS by a reaction of H ₂ S + CaO → CaS + H ₂ O in a gasification reaction chamber, and a synthesis gas with a low sulfur content can be generated. Further, a gas containing oxygen (air, oxygen-enriched air, pure oxygen, etc.) is added to the fluidizing gas in the gasification reaction chamber, and a partial oxidation reaction is performed in the gasification reaction chamber to generate heat necessary for the gasification reaction. Some can be supplied by the heat generated by the fuel.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, in this embodiment, a mixture of the fuel scattered from the gasification reaction chamber 14 together with the product gas after the reaction and the carbon C remaining by the pyrolysis and the flowing medium is produced from the product gas. A cyclone separator 22 for separation, and a circulation pipe 23 for returning the separated mixture to the gasification reaction chamber.
In step 2, fine particles (mixture of fuel and carbon C remaining in the pyrolysis and a fluidized medium) entrained in the product gas are separated from the product gas, and the gasification reaction chamber 14
By returning to, the fine particles in the produced gas are reduced, and the reaction efficiency in the gasification reaction chamber is increased.

As described above, the solar gasifier of the present invention collects sunlight, takes it into the furnace from the upper part of the gasifier, and gasifies carbon (ie, steam reforming reaction) by the heat of the sunlight. ) Is performed. In addition, a heating medium for efficiently transferring the heat of sunlight to the coal is held in the furnace, and fluidized gas dispersion nozzles (dispersion plates 17a, 17) for fluidizing and circulating the heat in the furnace.
b), a partition 16, a fuel and fluid medium supply nozzle, a structure for supplying fuel ash, a mixture of unburned matter and the fluid medium, and sunlight to the inside of the fluidized bed.

The present invention is characterized in that no auxiliary material serving as a medium for the redox reaction such as magnetite is used. However, since the gasification reaction of fuel (coal, etc.) is performed in a fluidized bed, a fluidized medium (bed material) generally used in fluidized bed combustion of silica sand etc. to stabilize the flow and promote the transfer of solar heat ). On the other hand, in order to efficiently irradiate the reaction product with sunlight, a partition is provided in the fluidized bed to control the flow of the mixture of the fuel and the bed material. In the central heating zone where the sunlight enters, the mixture of the fuel and the bed agent flows downward, so that heat can be absorbed more efficiently than the sunlight.

The sunlight is guided to the gasification furnace with the same condensing equipment as in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-279955, and the condensed sunlight is guided from the top of the gasification furnace to the solar heating chamber in the furnace via the CPC. I will In the solar heating chamber, the mixture of the fuel and the bed agent is heated by the sunlight, reaches a temperature (about 1000 ° C. or higher) required for the steam reforming reaction of the fuel, and moves to the gasification reaction chamber from the opening at the lower part of the partition wall. . A gas containing water vapor is injected into the gasification reaction chamber from a gas dispersion nozzle, and the coal reacts with the water vapor to produce synthesis gas. The unreacted coal and bed agent move to the heating zone again by the flow, and the ash is discharged out of the furnace together with the synthesis gas and collected.

Hereinafter, the solar gasifier of the present invention will be described in more detail. (Structure of Furnace) The solar gasification furnace 10 has a refractory lining structure, and has wind boxes 15a and 15b for blowing steam and circulating gas at its lower part. The wind box 15a is a room into which only the circulating gas for fluidizing the solar heating chamber is blown inward.
The wind box 15b is a room into which a mixed gas of steam and a circulating gas for a gasification reaction chamber fluidization reaction reforming reaction is blown outside. Dispersion plates 17a, 17b are provided between the wind boxes 15a, 15b and the gasification reaction chamber 14 or the solar heating chamber 12 thereon, and the fuel and the fluid medium 8 flow above the dispersion plates 17a, 17b. The dispersing plates 17a and 17b have a structure in which the fuel and the flowing medium do not fall into the wind box but flow into the fluidized bed. The superficial velocity of the fluidized bed is small in the solar heating chamber 12 and relatively high in the gasification reaction chamber 14, and in the solar heating chamber 12, the fluidization aid and the like slowly flow downward while gently fluidizing. . In the gasification reaction chamber 14, the mixture of the fuel and the fluidized medium comes into contact with the gas containing water vapor at a relatively high superficial velocity, and gasification (reforming reaction) is performed while consuming the heat absorbed by the fluidized medium. proceed.

(Behavior of fuel and fluid medium inside and outside the furnace)
The fuel is supplied to the gasification reaction chamber, where it is fluidized at a relatively high superficial velocity, and the fuel atomized by the reaction is
It is taken out of the furnace together with the generated gas, and a cyclone having a large particle diameter provided outside is separated here and returned to the furnace. The fine particles are not separated by a cyclone, but are separated by a high-performance cyclone or a ceramic filter provided downstream, and collected as ash. By appropriately setting the performance of the first-stage cyclone, the ratio of the unreacted carbon content in the fine particles collected as ash can be adjusted. The reason why fuel is not supplied to the solar heating chamber is that tar and volatile matter generated when the fuel is heated prevent the reflecting surface of the compound parabolic surface (CPC) from fogging, thereby preventing the solar reflectance from decreasing. It makes sense. By supplying the fuel as a finer particle size than the fluidized medium and fluidizing the gasification reaction chamber at a relatively high superficial velocity, most of the fuel is discharged out of the furnace along with the produced gas and heated by sunlight. The flow into the chamber by overflow is mainly a fluid medium having a large particle size, and thus the generation of volatile components is suppressed. The fluid medium, especially CaCO ₃ added for desulfurization (which is thermally decomposed into CaO in the furnace) also causes clouding of the CPC. Therefore, from the viewpoint of CPC protection, a purge gas is always supplied to the CPC, Prevents the body from getting inside.

(Fluidized Medium) Usually, in a fluidized bed combustion or the like, an inert inorganic substance such as silica sand is used as a fluidized medium. The same applies to the present invention. However, a black color is preferable in order to have a function of efficiently absorbing heat from sunlight.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be variously modified without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0041]

As described above, according to the fuel gasification method and the solar gasification furnace of the present invention, fossil fuels and the like can be efficiently reduced using sunlight, and particles can be efficiently reduced. It has excellent effects such as being able to irradiate sunlight, thereby increasing the reaction efficiency of the particles and making the reactor compact without circulating a large amount of magnetite.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a gasification facility provided with a solar gasification furnace of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram of a solar gasification furnace of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an internal configuration diagram of the solar gasification furnace of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a conventional solar reduction reactor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heliostat 2 Reflection mirror provided in tower 4 Sunlight 6 Fuel 7 Water vapor 8 Fluid medium (fluidization aid, silica sand) 10 Solar gasification furnace 12 Solar heating room 13 Compound parabolic mirror (CPC) 13a Transmission Window (quartz glass) 14 Gasification reaction chamber 15a, 15b Wind box 16 Heat-resistant partition wall 16a Upper communication port (overflow port) 16b Lower communication port 17a, 17b Dispersion plate 22 Cyclone separator 23 Circulation pipe 24 Filter 25 Fan 26 Fluid medium hopper 27 Fuel hopper

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A fuel characterized by condensing and irradiating sunlight to a fuel containing carbon as a main component, thereby causing steam to act on the heated fuel to generate a synthesis gas containing hydrogen. Gasification method. 2. The gasification method according to claim 1, further comprising supplying a gas containing oxygen together with water vapor to oxidize a part of the fuel. 3. A solar heating chamber (12) having a flowing medium therein and irradiated with condensed sunlight (4), and a steam (7) and a fuel (7) having a flowing medium (8) inside. A gasification reaction chamber (14) to which 6) is supplied and react with each other, wherein a fluid medium circulates between the solar heating chamber and the gasification reaction chamber;
A solar gasifier for fuel, characterized in that: 4. The solar heating chamber (12) is provided with a compound parabolic mirror (13) at the top for guiding sunlight collected by a reflecting mirror or the like into a furnace and further increasing the density of sunlight. The solar gasifier according to claim 3, characterized in that: 5. A compound parabolic mirror (13) is provided at its top with a transmission window (13a) airtightly provided on the upper surface so as to allow sunlight to pass downward, and the inside of the compound parabolic mirror is The purge gas is purged, and the outer periphery is cooled with cooling water,
The solar gasifier according to claim 3, characterized in that: 6. The fluidized bed of the solar heating chamber (12)
It is a descending fluidized bed in which a fluidized medium containing fuel is fluidized with a fluidized gas containing no steam, and the gasification reaction chamber (1)
The fluidized bed 4) is an ascending fluidized bed obtained by fluidizing a fluidized medium containing fuel with a fluidized gas containing steam, and the heated fluidized medium flows into the ascending fluidized bed from the lower part of the descending fluidized bed,
4. The solar gasifier according to claim 3, wherein the fluidized medium after the reaction flows into the descending fluidized bed from above the ascending fluidized bed and circulates. 7. A wind box (15a, 1) partitioned from the lower part of the solar heating chamber (12) and the gasification reaction chamber (14).
The solar gasification furnace according to claim 3, wherein 5b) is provided, and the solar heating chamber and the gasification reaction chamber can be fluidized independently of each other. 8. A cyclone separator (22) for separating a mixture of a fuel and a fluid medium scattered with the product gas after the reaction from the gasification reaction chamber (14) from the product gas;
A circulation pipe (2) for returning the separated mixture to the gasification reaction chamber
3. The solar gasifier according to claim 3, wherein 3) is provided. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the use of solid particles having an excellent heat storage function as the fluid medium suppresses a temperature decrease in an endothermic reaction in the gasification reaction chamber and promotes the gasification reaction. 3. The solar gasifier according to 3. 10. A sulfur-absorbing component is added to a fluidized medium to absorb a by-product sulfur compound in a gasification reaction of a fuel in a gasification reaction chamber to produce a synthesis gas having a low sulfur content. The solar gasifier according to claim 3, characterized in that: 11. A gas containing oxygen is added to a fluidization gas in a gasification reaction chamber, and a partial oxidation reaction is performed in the gasification reaction chamber.
Part of the heat required for the gasification reaction is supplied by the heat generated by the fuel,
The solar gasifier according to claim 3, characterized in that: