JP2001140878A - Rolling guide device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rolling guide device providing a load characteristic meeting the performance required of any rolling guide device, and being excellent in durability and maintainability. SOLUTION: The rolling guide device includes: a raceway block 11 formed with rolling element rolling surface grooves 11a and 11b along its longitudinal direction; a plurality of moving blocks 12 each formed with a rolling element circulating passage including load rolling surfaces corresponding to the rolling element rolling grooves 11a and 11b, the blocks 12 being assembled to the raceway block 11 in such a way as to be free to make relative movement; and a plurality of rolling elements 13 aligned and contained within the rolling element circulating passage and circulating through the raceway block 11 and the moving blocks 12 as the moving blocks 12 make the relative movement. The angle of contact which a straight line passing through the point of contact between each rolling element 13 and the raceway block 11 and the point of contact between each rolling element 13 and each moving block 12 forms with an imaginary plane crossing the raceway block 11 is set differently for each of the moving blocks 12 according to the conditions of loads imposed on the moving blocks 12.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rolling guide device, and more particularly to a rolling guide device that can be set to have characteristics that meet various load conditions required for the guide device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Rolling guide devices of this kind are used, for example, in precision machine tools and industrial robots.
As shown in FIG. 2, it is used as a guide for a processing table on which the workpiece W is mounted and moves. Above it is a cutting tool T
o is provided, and the base T
(Top table) moves. In the figure, M is a driving motor.

The rolling guide device includes a plurality of rails 51 provided in parallel, a plurality of moving blocks 50 slidably provided along the respective rails 51, and a plurality of rails 5.
1 and the moving block 50
The base T is supported by the moving block 50, including rolling elements (not shown) for smoothly moving 0.

In this device, a track 51 and a track 51
A plurality of rolling element rolling grooves are formed in each of the moving blocks 50 to be assembled in such a manner as to be substantially opposed to each other, and the rolling elements are interposed in the rolling element rolling grooves. That is, the moving block 50 is assembled to the way 51 via the rolling elements.

By the way, loads and moments in all directions may act on a working table of a precision machine tool or a base of an industrial robot. These include, for example, radial load, horizontal load, reverse radial load,
There are moments such as a pitching direction, a yawing direction, and a rolling direction as the moments.

For this reason, the rolling guide device incorporated in the lower part of the working table or the base may be required to have various load supporting capabilities. For example, depending on the load condition, the rolling element may cause differential slip and generate vibration. Performances corresponding to various loads are required, such as damping or smooth movement for high-speed operation.

Therefore, generally, after calculating the average value of the loads applied to the respective moving blocks constituting the rolling guide device, the number of the rolling element rolling grooves is calculated based on the average load.
The number, diameter, contact angle, and the like of rolling elements have been studied, and a rolling guide device that meets the required load characteristics has been provided. These are provided with a plurality of moving blocks having the same number of balls and the same contact angle of the rolling elements.

Here, the contact angle refers to an angle formed by a straight line connecting the contact point between the track and the rolling element and the contact point between the moving block and the rolling element with respect to an imaginary plane crossing the track. By selecting to, for example, radial load,
It is possible to obtain a moving block having excellent characteristics with respect to a load in each direction such as a lateral load.

[0009]

However, in recent years,
As the use conditions of the rolling guide device have been diversified, there have been cases where the conventional guide device is not sufficient.

For example, in an NC machine tool that performs heavy grinding, a large load may continuously act on only a part of the processing table. At this time, in the rolling guide device provided with a plurality of moving blocks, some moving blocks receive a greater load than others, and the moving blocks may become unusable earlier than other moving blocks. There is.

When a large load is continuously applied to a part of the device, if the running stability of the rolling guide device is impaired due to the uneven wear of some moving blocks and the influence of the uneven load,
In an NC machine tool or the like that performs precision machining, a problem may occur in machining accuracy.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and in accordance with the conditions of the load acting on each of the moving blocks, the optimum contact angle of the rolling element and the optimum value of the rolling groove of the rolling element for each of the moving blocks. By selecting the shape,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a rolling guide device which satisfies the load characteristics required for the entire rolling guide device and has excellent durability and maintainability.

[0013]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has the following configuration in order to solve the above technical problems.

That is, a raceway on which rolling element rolling surfaces are formed along the longitudinal direction and a rolling element circulation path including a load rolling surface corresponding to the rolling element rolling surface are formed, and A rolling guide device comprising: a plurality of moving blocks assembled so as to be able to move relative to each other; and a plurality of rolling elements arranged and housed in the rolling element circulation path and circulated with the relative motion of the track and the moving block. The contact angle formed by a straight line passing through the contact point between the rolling element and the track and the contact point between the rolling element and the moving block with respect to an imaginary plane crossing the track is determined in accordance with a load condition acting on the moving block. It is characterized in that it is set individually for each block.

[0015] A plurality of rails may be provided, and at least one moving block may be disposed on each of the rails.

In addition, a plurality of moving blocks can be arranged on the track with the single track.

The track is substantially square in cross section, and has at least one rolling element rolling groove on its upper surface, and at least one rolling element rolling groove on both side faces, and has at least one rolling element rolling groove. The recess inner surface may be provided with rolling element rolling grooves corresponding to the rolling element rolling grooves formed on the upper surface and both side surfaces of the track base.

The upper surface of the track base may be provided with a set of two rolling element rolling grooves, and a single rolling element rolling groove may be provided on both side surfaces.

The rolling element rolling groove is a ball rolling groove,
A ball rolling groove formed on the upper surface of the track base and a ball rolling groove of the moving block opposed thereto, a ball rolling groove formed on both side surfaces of the track base, and a ball rolling of the moving block opposed thereto. The groove may be configured to have an arc shape slightly larger than the ball diameter.

The rolling element rolling groove is a ball rolling groove,
The ball rolling groove formed on the upper surface of the way and the ball rolling groove of the moving block opposed thereto have a shape formed by combining two arcs, and the ball rolling grooves formed on both side surfaces of the way, and The ball rolling grooves of the opposing moving blocks can be formed to have an arc shape slightly larger than the ball.

The rolling element rolling groove is a ball rolling groove,
The ball rolling groove formed on the upper surface of the way and the ball rolling groove of the moving block opposed thereto have an arc shape slightly larger than the ball, and the ball rolling grooves formed on both sides of the way. , And the ball rolling groove of the moving block opposed thereto can be configured to have a shape obtained by combining two arcs.

At least one of the plurality of moving blocks has a contact angle of a rolling element interposed between the upper surface of the track base and the upper surface of the concave portion of the moving block of approximately 90 degrees with respect to the horizontal. It is possible to set the contact angle of each rolling element interposed between the both sides of the way and the concave sides of the moving block to 45 degrees inclined toward the inside of the moving block with respect to the horizontal. is there.

[0023] At least one of the plurality of moving blocks has a contact angle of a rolling element interposed between the upper surface of the track base and the upper surface of the recess of the moving block of approximately 90 degrees with respect to the horizontal. The contact angle of each rolling element interposed between the both sides of the way and the concave side of the moving block can be set to substantially 0 degrees with respect to the horizontal.

At least one of the plurality of moving blocks has a contact angle of a rolling element interposed between the upper surface of the track base and the upper surface of the recess of the moving block;
Further, the contact angle of the rolling element interposed between the both sides of the way and the concave sides of the moving block can be set to 45 degrees inclined toward the inside of the moving block with respect to the horizontal.

As described above, according to the present invention, the optimum contact angle is appropriately selected for each of the plurality of moving blocks constituting the rolling guide device according to the condition of the load applied to the moving blocks. Thus, the load characteristics required for the rolling guide device can be reliably satisfied.

In addition, by reliably satisfying the required load characteristics, the life of the rolling guide device can be extended, the frequency of maintenance can be reduced, and a guide device excellent in durability and maintainability can be obtained. it can.

In the rolling guide device of the present invention, when the rolling element is a ball, the ball rolling groove has a circular arc shape (circular arch groove) slightly larger than the ball, or a groove formed by combining two circular arcs (circular arch groove). Gothic arc groove) can be appropriately selected. The depth of the ball rolling groove is approximately 1/4 of the ball diameter when the angular displacement of the contact angle is small, and approximately 1/2 of the ball diameter when the angular displacement of the contact angle is large. Therefore, it is appropriate that the depth of the groove is in the range of about 1/4 to 1/2 of the ball diameter. Since the ball comes into contact with any part of the ball rolling groove, substantially all contact angles conventionally used in this type of guide device can be taken.

In particular, in a Gothic arch groove or a circular arc groove, if the depth of the ball rolling groove is set to about 51% of the ball diameter, the operation slip increases when a load applied during heavy cutting acts on the ball, Rolling and sliding are mixed exercises. Therefore, the rolling motion is close to the sliding motion, and the damping effect (damping property) is improved.

As the rolling element, a roller can be used in addition to a ball.

[0030]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a working table including the rolling guide device of the present invention. In this processing table, a table T is supported by two moving blocks 12 each arranged on two parallel raceways 11.

The working table comprises a track 11, a moving block 12 having a recess 18 for receiving the track 11, and four rows of balls 13 rotatably interposed therebetween. Each of the moving blocks 12 can travel along the track 11 and there are a total of four moving blocks. A table T is set on these moving blocks 12.

The way 11 determines the moving direction of the moving block 12, and has a substantially rectangular cross section.

In the present invention, as another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, for example, a single track is provided, and two track blocks 12 are provided on A table T on a block 12 is shown.

As shown in FIG. 3, two rails 11
In which one moving block 12 is provided, respectively, or as shown in FIG. 5, three parallel rails 11 are provided, and one or two moving blocks 12 are provided in each of them. As shown in FIG. 6, a single moving block 12 is arranged on a single track 11 and
And a combination thereof. Thus, an appropriate arrangement is selected according to the purpose of use of the guide device 10.

As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG.
On the upper surface of 1, two ball rolling grooves 11 a continuous in the longitudinal direction thereof are formed with high precision by cutting and grinding. One ball rolling groove 11b is similarly formed on each side surface.

On the other hand, the moving block 12 includes a highly rigid block main body 14 made of metal as a main material, and side covers 15 fixed to both end surfaces in the traveling direction of the block main body. A recess 18 having a shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape is provided. Also, the block body 1
With respect to No. 4, ball rolling grooves 12a and 12b are formed on the inner surface of the recess 18 at positions substantially facing the ball rolling grooves 11a and 11b of the track base 11 with high precision by cutting and grinding. The block body 14 is further provided with a ball return hole 16 in parallel with each of the ball rolling grooves 12a and 12b.

A ball 13 rolling between the track base 11 and the moving block 12 is provided in the side cover 15 in the ball return hole 1.
6, a turning path 17 for supplying the guided ball 13 again between the track base 11 and the moving block 12 is provided. This turning path 17
Has one end connected to the end of the ball return hole 16 and the other end connected (opened) to the ball rolling groove. The ball transfer grooves 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, the ball return hole 16 and the direction change path 17 constitute an infinite circulation path of the ball, and the ball 13 is constantly circulated between the track base 11 and the moving block 12. Thus, a large moving amount can be secured without restricting the movement of the moving block 12 with respect to the track base 11.

Here, each of the opposing ball rolling grooves 11
a, 12a and 11b, 12b are so-called circular arc grooves having a single circular arc in cross section. As shown in FIG. 13, the shape of the circular groove is a groove in which the radius of curvature R is slightly larger than the radius (Da / 2) of the ball 13. In the circular arc groove, the ball comes in contact with each ball rolling groove sandwiching the ball one point at a time, that is, two-point contact, and the contact angle can be easily changed.

On the other hand, the ball rolling groove may have a Gothic arch shape formed by combining two arcs as shown in FIG. Since the ball is supported by four-point contact, the ball rolling groove having a Gothic arch shape exhibits an excellent load supporting ability both for a load from above and a load from a lateral direction.

If the depth D of each ball rolling groove is set to be approximately half of the ball diameter Da irrespective of the circular shape or the gothic arch shape, the ball 13 has a substantially semicircular ball rolling shape. Grooves 11a, 12a and 11b, 1
It will come in contact with somewhere on the inner wall surface of 2b. For this reason, it is possible to take all the contact angles that have been conventionally employed in this type of rolling guide device.

In such a rolling guide device, as shown in FIG. 9, the pitch (distance) B1 between two ball rolling grooves formed on the upper surface of the track base 11 and the ball rolling groove and each side surface are formed. Pitch (distance) between the ball rolling groove and B2 +
By changing B3 variously with respect to the pitches (distances) A1, A2, and A3 between the corresponding ball rolling grooves of the moving block 12, the contact angle can be changed and the contact angle can be arbitrarily selected.

When the inclination of the contact angle is small, the depth of the ball rolling grooves does not need to be approximately half of the ball diameter, but may be approximately １ ／ of the ball diameter.

As described above, the contact angle can be arbitrarily selected, and can be individually and optimally set according to the condition of the load applied to each moving block 12.

The above-mentioned rolling guide device has four rows of balls, but not only the four-row type but also a rolling guide device 10 having six rows of balls shown in FIGS.
0 can also be adopted. In this case, as in the case of the four-row type rolling guide device 10, the contact angle can be arbitrarily set.

Further, the groove may be a single-row type or a two-row type rolling guide device, and a plurality of moving blocks used in the rolling guide device of the present invention can select an arbitrary contact angle.

Next, an example of selecting a contact angle applied to the above-described four-row type rolling guide device 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. However, the following selection examples of the contact angle are merely representative selection examples, and are not limited to the following selection examples of the contact angle.

As shown in FIG. 10, all the moving blocks 12 basically have a radial load PR for pressing the moving block 12 against the track base 11 from above and a direction in which the moving block 12 is separated from the track base 11. A reverse radial load PL acting thereon, and a lateral load P for pressing the moving block 12 against the way 11 from the left and right sides.
T, can receive loads in four directions.

Furthermore, the rolling moment MC around the axial direction Z of the track base 11, the yawing moment MB around the vertical axis Y, and the pitching moment MA around the horizontal axis X can be basically received.

Here, the load supporting capacity obtained by appropriately selecting the contact angle means that the load supporting capacity in a specific direction has a relatively higher value than the load supporting capacity in other directions. .

Hereinafter, an example of selecting a contact angle in the rolling guide device of the present invention will be described. In addition, in each figure, only the way and the ball are shown for the sake of easy understanding of the figures. The contact angle line is indicated by a dashed line. (Selection Example 1 of Contact Angle) First, in the rolling guide device shown in FIG. 15, two ball rolling grooves 11a formed on the upper surface of the track base 11 and the ball rolling grooves 12a of the moving block 12 opposed thereto. And a single ball rolling groove 11b formed on each side surface of the track base 11 and a ball rolling groove 12b of the moving block 12 opposed thereto are formed into a single circular arc having a depth nearly half the ball diameter. It has a circular arc groove with a shape.

The contact angle in the upper row of ball rows is substantially perpendicular, and the contact angles in the side row of ball rows are such that their extension lines cross each other above the position of the ball row. , And are set at an angle of approximately 45 degrees with respect to the horizontal (FIG. 15A).

The rolling guide device has a radial load PR
With two rows of balls on the upper surface side. The lateral load PT (see FIG. 10) is handled by one ball row on the side surface. Further, a reverse radial load PL (see FIG. 10)
Can be handled by the ball rows on both sides.

For this reason, it has a large load supporting capacity for a radial load, that is, the main load is a radial load, and also has a load supporting capacity for a lateral load and a reverse radial load.

Further, in a use situation in which a preload in the rotational direction is applied, for example, in a situation in which a rolling moment such as a centrifugal force acts, the contact angle line of the ball on the upper surface side becomes the preload as shown in FIG. Since it inclines in the direction in which the drag is generated, it can be supported by the ball row on the side surface and the ball row on the upper surface side. Therefore, sufficient rigidity can be obtained even in a state where a preload is applied.

Each ball rolling groove 11a, 11b, 1
Reference numerals 2a and 12b each have a circular arc shape, and are designed to reduce so-called differential slip. For this reason, smooth sliding is possible even in a use condition in which various loads are applied. When the radius of curvature of the cross section of each ball rolling groove is set to about 0.52 of the ball diameter, a rolling guide device with less differential slip can be obtained. (Selection Example 2 of Contact Angle) Next, a description will be given of a rolling guide device in which a contact angle is selected as shown in FIG.

In this rolling guide device, as in the case of the contact angle selection example 1, two ball rolling grooves 11a formed on the upper surface of the track base 11 and the ball rolling grooves 12 of the moving block 12 opposed thereto, In addition, the one ball rolling groove 11b formed on each side surface of the track base 11 and the ball rolling groove 12b of the moving block 12 facing the ball rolling groove 11b are formed in a circular arc shape having a depth nearly half the ball diameter. I have.

The contact angles of the ball rows on the upper surface are oriented substantially vertically, and the contact angles of the ball rows on the side surfaces are oriented substantially horizontally.

In the rolling guide device employing this contact angle, the radial load (see FIG. 10) is dealt with by two rows of balls on the upper surface side. The lateral load PT corresponds to one ball row on the side surface. In a use situation where a reverse radial load (see FIG. 10) is applied, the contact angle lines of the ball rows on both side surfaces are inclined such that the extended lines intersect above the ball rows, that is, in a direction having drag. Since the contact angle is inclined, it is possible to cope with a reverse radial load.

Therefore, it has a particularly large load supporting capacity against radial loads and lateral loads, and
It has sufficient load-bearing capacity for reverse radial loads.
In addition, since the contact angle on the side surface has a contact angle in the horizontal direction that can receive the lateral load most efficiently, usually the lateral load is the main load, and the usage situation where the lateral load acts It is preferably used.

In a situation where a rolling moment acts on the moving block 12, the contact angle on the upper surface side is inclined in the direction in which the drag is generated, and the contact angle on the side surface is similarly inclined. Sufficient rigidity can be obtained even in a use situation where a preload can be applied, which can be handled by a ball row.

Further, each ball rolling groove 11a, 11b,
Since the circular arc shapes 12a and 12b are the same as those in the above-described selection example 1, smooth sliding is possible even in a usage state where various loads are applied. Also in this case, if the radius of curvature of the groove cross section of each ball rolling groove is set to about 0.52 of the diameter of the ball, differential slip can be further reduced.

(Selection Example 3 of Contact Angle) In the moving block shown in FIG. 17, two ball rolling grooves 11a formed on the upper surface of the track base 11 and the ball rolling grooves 12a of the moving block 12 opposed thereto, In addition, the one ball rolling groove 11b formed on each side surface of the track base 11 and the ball rolling groove 12b of the moving block 12 opposed thereto have a circular arc shape having a depth nearly half the ball diameter. I have. That is, the above-described selection example 1 or selection example 2 of the contact angle
Circular arc grooves as in the ball rolling grooves shown in FIG.

The contact angles of the ball rows on the upper surface are set such that the extension lines of the contact angle lines are each inclined at approximately 45 degrees with respect to the horizontal crossing of the ball rows above the ball rows. Similarly, the contact angle of the ball row on the side surface is set such that the extended line of the contact angle line is inclined by approximately 45 degrees with respect to the horizontal crossing above the ball row, similarly to the contact angle on the upper surface side. .

In the rolling guide device employing this contact angle, the radial load is dealt with by two rows of balls on the upper surface side. The lateral load is handled by one ball row on the upper surface side and one ball row on the side surface side. The reverse radial load PL can be handled by the ball rows on both sides.

For this reason, the load supporting capacities for the radial load, the lateral load, and the reverse radial load are equal, and the device can be used for various purposes.
In addition, since the contact angle on the side surface has a contact angle of 45 degrees obliquely, which can receive the reverse radial load most efficiently, the main load is usually the reverse radial load, and the reverse radial load acts. Suitable for use.

Further, in a use situation in which a rotational direction preload is applied to the moving block, that is, in a situation in which a rolling moment acts (see FIG. 17B), the contact angle line on the upper surface side is in a direction having a drag. As it tilts, the contact angle line on the side surface also tilts, and the moment can be dealt with by two rows of balls. Therefore, sufficient rigidity can be obtained even in a state where a preload is applied.

(Selection Example 4 of Contact Angle) In the moving block shown in FIG. 18, two ball rolling grooves 11 a formed on the upper surface of the track base 11 and ball rolling grooves 12 a of the moving block 12 opposed thereto, In addition, the one ball rolling groove 11b formed on each side surface of the track base 11 and the ball rolling groove 12b of the moving block 12 opposed thereto have a Gothic arch shape having a depth nearly half the ball diameter. I have.

In this example, when a large downward load PR is applied to the way 11, a pair of ball rolling grooves 11a, 12
The ball sandwiched by a contacts the opposing ball rolling grooves formed on the track base 11 and the moving block 12 at a total of four points.

Therefore, it can receive a large downward load, and is suitable for a machine tool such as an NC machine tool or a machining center that requires relatively heavy cutting or heavy grinding.

Further, since the ball 13 makes perfect four-point contact or sub-four-point contact with a bias in the manner of contact with the ball rolling grooves 11a and 12a formed in the track base 11 and the moving block 12, there is always sufficient enough. Sliding resistance is obtained. Since the sliding resistance increases in accordance with the magnitude of the downward load, a ball screw mechanism or the like as a driving means for moving the moving block 12 while receiving the cutting or grinding load directly receives the load. Never. Therefore, the disadvantages of the conventional device that the ball screw mechanism is relatively quickly damaged by heavy cutting or heavy grinding is eliminated.

(Example 5 of Selection of Contact Angle) As shown in FIG. 19, the rolling guide device comprises two ball rolling grooves 11a formed on the upper surface of the track base 11 and the moving block 12 opposed thereto.
The ball rolling groove 12a has a Gothic arch shape having a depth of approximately half the ball diameter. Rail way 1
One ball rolling groove 11b formed on each side surface of the moving block 1 and the ball rolling groove 12b of the moving block 12 opposed thereto.
Has a circular arc shape having a depth of approximately half the ball diameter.

In this example, the contact angles of the upper row of balls are approximately 45 degrees with respect to the horizontal and cross each other above the position of the row of balls, and the contact angles of the lower row of balls are equal to each other. Is oriented almost horizontally. When a large horizontal load is applied to this rolling guide device, four ball contacts are made on one ball row on the upper surface of the moving block 12 as shown in FIG. As a result, so-called operating slip occurs, which attenuates machine vibration caused by cutting of the workpiece of the machine tool, thereby improving the cutting finish roughness of the workpiece and improving the dimensional accuracy,
The ball screw mechanism drives the rolling guide device, and serves as a damper or a damping means for a motor as a driving source thereof.

FIG. 20 shows a part of selection examples of other contact angles. To briefly explain examples of selection of these contact angles, in the example of selection of the contact angle shown in (a) in the figure, a contact angle whose main load is a radial load is selected. In (b) and (c), a contact angle having a radial load and a lateral load as main loads is selected. (D) and (e) select the contact angle with the right lateral load as the main load.

In the rolling guide device of the present invention, the moving blocks having a relatively high load supporting ability with respect to a load in a certain direction are combined so as to have an appropriate load characteristic according to use conditions.

The use conditions of the rolling guide device include, for example, use of a horizontal axis, use of a horizontal axis overhang, use of a vertical axis, use of a wall, use of a slant (inclination), and the like. Further, for each of them, it can be used under various conditions such as a use where an inertial force acts and a use where an external force acts.

Hereinafter, an example of the arrangement of the moving blocks will be described by taking up the rolling guide device using the vertical shaft (at the time of constant speed motion) among the above-mentioned use conditions. FIG. 21 shows a rolling guide device using a vertical shaft. The rolling guide device using a vertical shaft is mainly used in industrial robots, automatic coating machines, lifters, and the like. An example in which such a rolling guide device using a vertical shaft is applied to an industrial robot will be described.

In FIG. 21, the robot arm mounted on the base T is simplified to a member X. The load acting on the robot arm is defined as a load M.

Further, shared loads P1, P2, P3, and P4 are applied to the moving blocks 12A, 12B, 12C, and 12D provided at the four corners of the base T, respectively. Arrows corresponding to these shared loads indicate the directions in which the loads act.
In the figure, S is a ball screw for reciprocating the base T.

In this apparatus, each moving block 12
There are various conditions of the load acting on A, 12B, 12C, and 12D. Paying attention to the moving block 12A,
A reverse radial load P1L and a right lateral load P1T in the direction in which the moving block is separated from the actuator are applied. In the moving block 12B, a radial load P2R and a left lateral load P2T in the direction of pressing the moving block 12B against the way 11 are acting.

In the moving block 12C, the moving block 12
A load similar to B, that is, a radial load P3R and a left lateral load P3T are applied. In the moving block 12D, as in the moving block 12A, a reverse radial load P4 is applied.
L and the right lateral load P4T act. Thus, it can be seen that the loads acting on the moving blocks 12A, 12B, 12C, 12D have different directions and magnitudes.

When a combination of the moving blocks used for the vertical shaft is set based on the load conditions, the moving blocks 12A and 12D have a load supporting ability excellent in the reverse radial load and the horizontal load. Adopt a moving block. For example, a moving block to which the above-described contact angle selection example 1 is applied can be adopted. The moving block 12B and the moving block 12C
Employs a moving block having rigidity in radial and horizontal loads. For example, a moving block to which the above-mentioned example 2 of selecting the contact angle is applied can be adopted.

However, since the factors such as the mounting position of the member X with respect to the base T, the inertial force due to acceleration / deceleration at the time of sliding stop, the external force, and various moments are complicatedly involved, the above-described setting is required. In addition to the example, a moving block in which another contact angle having a different load characteristic is selected may be combined. For example, when a damping force is desired to be imparted to any of the moving blocks, it is conceivable to apply the selection example 5 of the contact angle at which an appropriate rolling resistance is obtained to the moving block. The moving blocks whose contact angles are appropriately selected according to the required load characteristics are combined.

In addition to the arrangement of the moving blocks at the four corners with respect to the base T, there are various variations in the arrangement examples as shown in FIGS. Can be added to select a combination of moving blocks.

As described above, by adopting the moving block in which the contact angle having the optimum load supporting ability is selected in accordance with the condition of the load to be applied, the load which is an eccentric load in the conventional guide device can be reduced. Can respond.

The rolling guide device of the present invention can of course be used not only for NC machine tools and industrial robots but also for other uses such as a vehicle device, an amusement machine and various transport devices.

In the case of a raceway to which a ball rolling groove having a circular arc shape is applied, a plurality of moving blocks in which the distance between the ball rolling grooves is variously prepared for the raceway are prepared in advance. If the load supporting capacity is selectively combined in accordance with the load supporting capacity required in the above, the load supporting capacity can be easily changed, and the productivity of the rolling guide device is dramatically improved.

[0088]

According to the present invention, each of the moving blocks of which an appropriate contact angle is arbitrarily selected is combined in accordance with the condition of the load acting on each of the moving blocks of the rolling guide device. A rolling guide device that reliably satisfies the required performance and is excellent in durability and maintainability can be provided.

Further, since the running of the rolling guide device is stabilized, it is advantageous when a highly accurate movement is required.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a rolling guide device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example in which a single track is used.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example in which there are two rails and two moving blocks.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the example shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a plan view of an example in which three rails are provided in parallel.

FIG. 6 shows three combinations of a single way and a moving block.
It is a top view which shows the example which combined.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view in which a moving block and a part of a way are cut away.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a moving block and a way.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a correspondence relationship between a moving block and a ball rolling groove provided on a track base.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing directions of various loads acting on a moving block.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of a six-row type moving block and a way.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view in which a six-row type moving block and a part of a way are cut away.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a circular arc groove.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing a gothic arch groove.

FIG. 15 is a model diagram showing a selection example 1 of a contact angle of a four-row type moving block.

FIG. 16 is a model diagram showing a selection example 2 of a contact angle of a four-row type moving block.

FIG. 17 is a model diagram showing a selection example 3 of a contact angle of a four-row type moving block.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of selecting a gothic arch groove.

FIG. 19 is a view showing another example of selection of a Gothic arch groove.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing another example of selecting a contact angle.

FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing a state in which the rolling guide device of the present invention is applied to use of a vertical shaft.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an application example of a conventional rolling motion guide running.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Rolling guide device 11 Way 11a, 11b Ball rolling groove of way 12 Moving block 12a, 12b Ball rolling groove of moving block 13 Ball 14 Block body 15 Side cover 16 Ball return hole 17 Direction changing path

Claims (5)

[Claims] A rolling element rolling surface including a rolling element rolling surface formed along a longitudinal direction and a rolling element circulation path including a load rolling surface corresponding to the rolling element rolling surface; A rolling guide device comprising: a plurality of moving blocks assembled so as to be able to move relative to each other; and a plurality of rolling elements arranged and housed in the rolling element circulation path and circulated with the relative motion of the track and the moving block. The contact angle formed by a straight line passing through the contact point between the rolling element and the way and the contact point between the rolling element and the moving block with respect to an imaginary plane crossing the way is determined according to a load condition acting on the moving block. A rolling guide device which is individually set for each block. 2. The rolling guide device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the rails are provided, and at least one moving block is disposed on each of the rails. 3. The rolling guide device according to claim 1, wherein the track is a single track and a plurality of moving blocks are arranged on the track. 4. The moving block according to claim 1, wherein said track is substantially square in cross section, and has at least one rolling element rolling groove on an upper surface thereof and at least one rolling element rolling groove on both side faces thereof. The rolling guide device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a rolling element rolling groove corresponding to a rolling element rolling groove formed on the upper surface and both side surfaces of the raceway. . 5. The rolling element rolling groove is a ball rolling groove,
A ball rolling groove formed on the upper surface of the track base and a ball rolling groove of the moving block opposed thereto, a ball rolling groove formed on both side surfaces of the track base, and a ball rolling of the moving block opposed thereto. The rolling guide device according to claim 4, wherein the groove has an arc shape slightly larger than the ball diameter.