JP2001003779A - Electrically-driven working vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrically driven working vehicle to reduce the occurrence of cases of charging of a battery being started during work and noise being generated through rotation of an engine and facilitate the work even in a quiet residential district. SOLUTION: This working vehicle comprises an electric motor 32 to selectively drive a transmission 34 and a hydraulic pump 35; a battery 31 to feed a power to the electric motor 32; a generator 43 to charge the battery 31; an engine 42 to drive the generator 43; a capacity detector 45 to detect remaining capacity of the battery 31; a controller 37 to perform starting and a stop of the engine 42 according to remaining capacity of the battery 31 detected by the capacity detector 45; and a forced generating switch 54. The controller 37 starts the engine 42 regardless of remaining capacity of the battery 31 when the forced generating switch 54 is turned ON, and stops the engine 42 when the forced generating switch 54 is turned OFF.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrically driven work vehicle that drives a motor using electric power from a battery, and drives a traveling device or a working device with the power of the motor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Such an electrically driven working vehicle includes:
For example, an electrically driven aerial work vehicle is known. This electric work type aerial work vehicle undulates on the vehicle body with the traveling device,
A telescopic, swiveling boom is provided, and a work table for mounting a work vehicle is attached to a tip end of the boom. A battery is provided in the vehicle body, and an electric motor (electric motor) is operated using the electric power of the battery, and the generated power is transmitted to a traveling device and a hydraulic pump by a power transmission device called a PTO (power take-off) mechanism. The transmission is switched to one of the two modes. Therefore, when the traveling device is driven by the electric motor, road traveling is possible, and when the hydraulic pump is driven by the electric motor, the actuators such as the up-and-down cylinder, the telescopic cylinder, and the turning motor can be operated. Raising, contracting, and turning operations are possible. Such an electric drive type work vehicle has a low noise level because power is obtained from a battery, and is used for work in a place where it is not desirable to generate noise, such as a quiet residential area.

[0003] In such an electrically driven working vehicle, it is necessary to charge the battery at any time, but there are vehicles (called hybrid vehicles) equipped with a power generating engine for charging the battery. In such a vehicle, when the remaining capacity of the battery falls and falls below the reference capacity, the power generation engine is automatically started to charge the battery. For this reason, the battery does not run out of capacity, and a situation in which the vehicle cannot run or cannot operate the boom or the like is prevented.

[0004]

However, in consideration of the fact that such a vehicle consumes a large amount of power when traveling on a road, it is necessary to charge the battery before the remaining capacity of the battery becomes very small. (For example, charging starts when the remaining capacity of the battery reaches about 60% of the full charge). For this reason, charging is started during work at the site and noise due to engine rotation is often generated. Regardless of running on a road, such noise is generated in an environment where it is not preferable to generate noise such as a quiet residential area. There was a problem. In addition, the operator may be impatient to finish the operation before the engine is started, which is not preferable in terms of safety.

The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and there are few cases in which charging of a battery is started during operation to generate noise due to engine rotation, and the operation is easy even in a quiet residential area. It is intended to provide an electric drive type working vehicle.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, an electric drive type working vehicle according to the present invention comprises a vehicle body having a traveling device, a working device provided on the vehicle body, a traveling device and a working device. A motor that can selectively drive the device, a battery that supplies power to the motor, and a power transmission device that switches and transmits the power of the motor to either the traveling device or the working device (for example, the PTO mechanism 33 in the embodiment). )
A generator for charging the battery, an engine for driving the generator, capacity detection means for detecting the remaining capacity of the battery (for example, the capacity detector 45 in the embodiment), and a battery detected from the capacity detection means. Engine start / stop means for starting the engine when it is detected that the remaining capacity of the battery has fallen below a predetermined reference capacity, and stopping the engine when it is detected that the remaining capacity has reached full charge. , Controller 3 in the embodiment
7), and further, a charge command means (for example, a forced power generation switch 54 in the embodiment) for instructing a start and stop of charging of the battery by manual operation.
It has. The engine start / stop means starts the engine when a charge start command is given by the charge command means, and stops the engine when a charge stop command is given by the charge command means, regardless of the state of charge of the battery. It has become.

[0007] In this electric drive type working vehicle, charging is automatically started when the remaining capacity of the battery falls below a predetermined reference capacity. Regardless, the battery can be charged by instructing the start of charging of the battery by the charge instructing means, so that sufficient charging can be performed in advance in preparation for work in a place where noise is not to be generated. It is possible. For this reason, the number of cases in which charging is started during work and noise is generated due to engine rotation is reduced, and work becomes easy even in a quiet residential area. In addition, since the working time can be spared and the worker has a sufficient time, the safety of the work can be improved.

[0008]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 shows an electrically driven aerial work vehicle 10 which is an electrically driven work vehicle according to the present invention. The vehicle body 11 of the aerial work vehicle 10 is configured based on a truck, and has a driver's seat 11 a and a plurality of traveling wheels 12. A swivel 13 is provided on the vehicle body 11, and a boom 14 in which a plurality of columnar members are nested is attached to the swivel 13.

The swivel table 13 is driven by a swivel motor 15 built in the vehicle body 11 to be able to swivel in a horizontal plane. The boom 14 can be extended and contracted in the longitudinal direction by the operation of a built-in telescopic cylinder 16, and can be raised and lowered by the operation of an undulating cylinder 17 provided between the boom 14 and the swivel 13. Outrigger jacks 20 are provided on the front, rear, left and right sides of the vehicle body 11 to extend laterally and downwardly of the vehicle body 11 to support the vehicle body 11 by operation of an outrigger cylinder 18 and a jack cylinder 19 (both not shown in FIG. 2). ing.

A vertical post 21 is attached to the end of the boom 14 so as to be able to swing back and forth.
In FIG. 1, a work table 22 for boarding an operator is provided so as to freely swing horizontally. A leveling device (not shown) is provided in the vicinity of the vertical post 21, whereby the workbench 22 is always kept horizontal irrespective of the up-and-down state of the boom 14.

As shown in FIG. 1, a swing motor 15, a telescopic cylinder 16, an up-and-down cylinder 17, an outrigger cylinder 18, and a jack cylinder 19 (hereinafter referred to as actuators 15 to 19) are provided by a hydraulic pump 35 provided in the vehicle body 11. It is designed to operate by receiving the hydraulic oil supplied from. The supply control of the hydraulic oil is performed by the worktable 22.
This is performed by the controller 37 electromagnetically driving the control valve 36 based on an operation signal output by lever operation of the upper operation device 23 provided above or the lower operation device 24 provided at the rear of the vehicle body 11. The hydraulic pump 35, the actuators 15 to 19, the swivel base 13,
The boom 14 and the outrigger jack 20 constitute a working device described in the claims.

The traveling wheels 12 are connected to a transmission 34. By supplying power to the transmission 34, the aerial work vehicle 10 can travel. The transmission 34 has a clutch and a transmission (both not shown). The clutch and the transmission are controlled by a clutch pedal and a shift lever (neither is shown) provided in the driver's seat 11a. Operable. The transmission device and the traveling wheels 12 constitute a traveling device described in the claims.

As shown in FIG. 1, a power source of the aerial work vehicle 10 is a battery 31, and an electric motor (electric motor) 32 is operated by using the power of the battery 31. The electric motor 32 can selectively drive the traveling device (directly the transmission 34) and the working device (directly the hydraulic pump 35), and the PTO (power take-off) mechanism 33 transfers the power to the two devices 34, 34. 35 to be transmitted.

The PTO mechanism 33 operates in response to a signal from the controller 37 to perform the above switching. Driver's seat 11a
The PT for switching the PTO mechanism 38
An O changeover switch 38 is provided. When an OFF signal is output from the PTO changeover switch 38, the controller 37 operates the PTO mechanism 33 so that the power of the electric motor 32 is transmitted to the transmission 34, and outputs an ON signal. Is output, the PTO mechanism 33 is operated so that the power of the electric motor 32 is transmitted to the hydraulic pump 35.
Therefore, when the PTO changeover switch 38 is off, the transmission 34 is driven by the electric motor 32 to drive on the road (the actuators 15 to 19 cannot be operated), and when the PTO changeover switch 38 is turned on, the electric motor 32 operates. Actuation of the actuators 15 to 19 (operation of the swivel base 13, the boom 14, and the outrigger jack 20) is possible by driving the hydraulic pump 35 (the vehicle cannot travel on the road).

As shown in FIG. 1, the electric power of the battery 31 is supplied to the electric motor 32 through the electric power supply line 39. Intermittent first switch 40
Is provided. The opening and closing operation of the first switch 40 is performed by a main switch 41 (FIG. 2) provided in the driver's seat 11a.
The controller 37 closes the first switch 40 when the ON signal is being output from the main switch 41, and opens the first switch 40 when the OFF signal is being output. I do. Therefore, the motor 32 is turned on and off by the main switch 41.
Can be started and stopped. When the main switch 41 is turned off, the PTO changeover switch 38 is automatically turned off (an off signal is output to the controller 37). Only possible.

An engine 42 and a generator 43 driven by the engine 42 to generate power and charge the battery 31 are provided in the vehicle body 11. Engine 4
Reference numeral 2 is connected to a controller 37 via a starter motor (not shown), and the controller 37 controls start and stop. The engine 42
Is supplied from the battery 31 based on a signal from the controller 37 (not shown in FIG. 1). Here, the generator 43 may be a DC generator (dynamo) or an AC generator (alternator),
The AC generator is preferable because the power generation performance during the low-speed rotation of the engine 42 is better.

As shown in FIG. 1, the generator 43 and the battery 3
A second switch 44 is provided between the second switch 44. The second switch 44 normally supplies power from the generator 43 to the battery 31 in the closed state.
When a signal is output from the switch 7, the power supply is turned off to shut off the power supply. Therefore, even when the engine 42 is operating and the generator 43 is driven, the charging of the battery 31 can be stopped by opening the second switch 44. Further, the battery 31 is provided with a capacity detector 45 for detecting the remaining capacity of the battery 31, and detection information from the capacity detector 45 is input to the controller 37. The capacity detector 45 detects the remaining capacity from the electromotive force of the battery 31. The capacity detector 45 measures the magnitude of the current flowing through the power supply line 39 and the time thereof to obtain the power consumption, and calculates the remaining capacity from this. Or the like.

As shown in FIG. 2, a front operation device 25 and a rear operation device 26 are provided in the driver's seat 11a and the rear portion of the vehicle body 11, respectively.
26 allows the charge pattern of the battery 31 to be controlled. FIG. 3 shows the front and rear operating devices 25, 2
6 is an appearance (the appearance of both are the same). As shown in FIG.
An O operation confirmation lamp 51, an operation enable confirmation lamp 52, and a capacity decrease confirmation lamp 53 are provided. A forced power generation switch 54, an engine operation mode changeover switch 55, and an accelerator mode changeover switch 56 are arranged in the middle stage from the right, and a lower stage. A power generation confirmation lamp 57, an engine operation confirmation lamp 58, and a total hour meter 59 are provided from the right.

Here, the PTO operation confirmation lamp 51 is
Lights up when the O changeover switch 38 is on.
It is possible to confirm whether or not the operation is possible. That is, when the PTO changeover switch 38 is off, only road running is possible (the actuators 15 to 19 cannot be operated), and when it is on, only the actuators 15 to 19 can be operated (road running cannot be performed). ).

The operation confirmation lamp 52 is illuminated when the switches 54 to 56 of the front and rear operation devices 25 and 26 are usable (input is possible). That is, when the main switch 41 is on and the PTO switch 38 is off and only road running is possible, the lamp 52 on the front operation device 25 is turned on (the lamp 52 on the rear operation device 26 is off). , Main switch 41
Is on and the PTO switch 38 is on,
When only the actuators 15 to 19 can be operated, the lamp 52 on the rear operation device 26 is turned on (the lamp 52 on the front operation device 25 is turned off). Thus, the operator can confirm whether or not the switches 54 to 56 can be used.

The capacity decrease confirmation lamp 53 is connected to the capacity detector 4.
Lights when the controller 37 detects that the remaining capacity of the battery 31 has become smaller than the reference capacity set at that time based on the detection information from 5. This alerts the worker to the lack of capacity of the battery 31. As will be described later, a different value is set for the reference capacity when the vehicle is traveling on the road (when the PTO switch 38 is off) and when it is working on site (when the PTO switch 38 is on).

The forced power switch 54 is operated when it is desired to charge the battery 31 irrespective of the remaining capacity of the battery 31. This forced power switch 54
The on / off signal output by the operation of
The engine 37 is started by the controller 37 to start charging the battery 31 when the on operation is performed, and the engine 42 is stopped and the charging is terminated when the off operation is performed.

The engine operation mode changeover switch 55 is
It is possible to select between the N mode and the AUTO mode, and a signal corresponding to the selected mode is input to the controller 37. Here, when the AUTO mode signal is input, the controller 37 outputs the battery 3 detected by the capacity detector 45.
When it is detected that the remaining capacity of the battery 1 has fallen below the reference capacity set at that time, the engine 42 is started to charge the battery 31, and when it is detected that the remaining capacity has reached a full charge. The engine 42 is stopped and charging is terminated. On the other hand, when the ON mode signal is being input, the engine 42 is kept operating and the second
The switch 44 is opened, and when it is detected that the remaining capacity of the battery 31 has fallen below the reference capacity set at that time, the second switch 44 is closed and the battery 3 is closed.
When the charge of No. 1 is performed, and when it is detected that the remaining capacity is equivalent to the full charge, the second switch 44 is opened to terminate the charge (the operation of the engine 42 is continued). Engine 42
Is also a power source of an air conditioner (not shown) provided in the driver's seat 11a, and the ON mode is used when operating such an air conditioner (not shown).

The accelerator changeover switch 56 has an automatic mode and a low speed mode and can be selected. The controller 37 controls the number of revolutions of the engine 42 when the battery 31 is charged in accordance with the selected mode. Controller 3
When the automatic mode signal is input, the control 7 controls the rotation speed of the engine 42 to be high at the initial stage of charging and to be low thereafter. When the engine 42 rotates at a high speed, a large current is generated. When the engine 42 rotates at a low speed, a small current is generated.
The electrode active material density of No. 1 is kept constant, and charging can be performed efficiently. On the other hand, when the low-speed mode signal is input, the rotation speed of the engine 42 is always set to a low speed to charge the battery 31 with a small current. In such a low-speed mode, the charging efficiency is not always good, but there is an advantage that noise generated by rotation of the engine 42 can be reduced.

The power generation confirmation lamp 57 is turned on when the battery 31 is being charged. Thereby, the worker can confirm whether or not the battery 31 is currently being charged. The engine operation confirmation lamp 58 is turned on when the engine 42 is operating, so that an operator can confirm whether or not the engine 42 is operating. The engine operation confirmation lamp 58
Is always lit when the forced power generation switch 54 is turned on or when the engine operation mode changeover switch 55 is set to the ON mode. Further, the total hour meter 59 is the engine 4 determined by the controller 37.
2 is displayed.

In order to perform an aerial work using the aerial work vehicle 10 having such a configuration, first, an operator (driver) in the driver's seat 11a turns on the main switch 41. As a result, the first switch 40 is closed and the battery 31 is closed.
Is supplied to the motor 32, and the motor 32 operates. This also causes the operation enable confirmation lamp 52 of the front operation device 25 to light up (the operation enable confirmation lamp 52 of the rear operation device 26 remains off). In addition, as described above, PTO
The changeover switch 38 is always off when the main switch 41 is turned on, and the electric motor 32 drives the transmission 34 (therefore, the PTO operation confirmation lamp 51 is turned off for both the front and rear operation devices 25 and 26). In this state, road driving is possible, and the driver drives from inside the driver's seat 11a and
Move 1 to the work site.

As described above, when the motor 32 is driving the traveling device (directly, the transmission 34),
When an off signal is output from the changeover switch 38 (during road driving), the controller 37 sets the above-described reference capacity to the first reference capacity which is about 60% of the value when fully charged. When the remaining capacity of the battery 31 decreases below the first reference capacity while traveling on a road, the capacity reduction confirmation lamp 53 is turned on, and charging of the battery 31 is started (the power generation confirmation lamp 57 is turned on). . Here, the engine operation mode changeover switch 55 is set to AUTO.
Charging is started regardless of which of the mode and the ON mode is selected. When the battery 31 becomes fully charged, charging ends, and the capacity reduction confirmation lamp 53 is turned off (the power generation confirmation lamp 57 is also turned off). here,
The reason why the reference capacity (first reference capacity) when traveling on a road is set to a relatively high value of about 60% of that at the time of full charge is that the power consumed during traveling is large, and if the value is set to a too small value, the battery 31 remains. This is because a capacity shortage (overdischarge state) may occur.

When the vehicle arrives at the work site after traveling on the road, the driver turns on the PTO switch 38. As a result, the PTO mechanism 33 operates and the electric motor 32
5 (this causes the PTO operation confirmation lamps 51 of the front and rear operation devices 25 and 26 to light up together). As a result, the operation permission lamp 52 of the front operation device 25 is turned off, and the operation permission lamp 52 of the rear operation device 26 is turned on instead. In this state, the actuators 15 to 19 can be operated, and the operator can extend the outrigger jack 20 and operate the upper operation device 23 on the work table 22 or operate the lower operation device 24 from the ground. By doing so, it is possible to operate the swivel base 13 and the boom 14 and move the work table 21 to a desired high place to perform a high place work.

As described above, when the electric motor 32 is driving the working device (directly, the hydraulic pump 35),
When the ON signal is output from the O changeover switch 38 (during work on site), the controller 37 sets the reference capacity to the second reference capacity which is about 30% of the value at the time of full charge. During such work, the battery 31
When the remaining capacity falls below the second reference capacity, the capacity reduction confirmation lamp 53 is lit, and charging of the battery 31 is started (the power generation confirmation lamp 57 is lit).
Again, the engine operation mode changeover switch 55 is set to AUT
Charging is started regardless of which of the O mode and the ON mode is selected. When the battery 31 becomes fully charged, charging ends, and the capacity reduction confirmation lamp 53 is turned off (the power generation confirmation lamp 57 is also turned off). here,
The reason why the second reference capacity can be made smaller than the above-described first reference capacity is that the electric power consumed when driving the working device during work is smaller than the electric power consumed when driving the traveling device during road travel. This is because the remaining capacity of the battery 31 is unlikely to be insufficient (overdischarged state).

Here, it is preferable that the low-speed mode is selected by the accelerator mode changeover switch 56 at the time of work on site, so that even if charging is started during the work, the engine 42 remains low. Since the rotating state is maintained, noise generated due to charging can be reduced.

As described above, the forced power generation switch 5
By turning on 4, the battery 31 can be charged at any time irrespective of whether the vehicle is running on a road or working and regardless of the remaining capacity of the battery 31. It is possible to charge the battery 31 in parallel with the work at the work site where there is no need to worry about noise, and it is possible to make a sufficient charge in advance in preparation for work in a place where noise is not desired. It is.
However, in such a forced charging, the charging is not automatically terminated even when the battery 31 is fully charged. Therefore, it is necessary to terminate the charging by turning off the forced power generation switch 54 at an appropriate time.

As can be understood from the above description, in the electric drive type work vehicle (the worker at high place 10), charging automatically starts when the remaining capacity of the battery 31 falls below a predetermined reference capacity. It is supposed to be
Regardless of the remaining capacity of the battery 31, the battery 31 can be charged by instructing (turning on) the charging start of the battery 31 by the forced power generation switch 54. It is possible to charge enough in advance in preparation for the work in. For this reason, the number of cases in which charging is started during work and noise is generated due to rotation of the engine 42 is reduced.
Work becomes easy even in quiet residential areas. In addition, since the working time can be spared and the worker has a sufficient time, the safety of the work can be improved.

Although the embodiment of the electric drive type working vehicle according to the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned high place working vehicle, but uses the power of an electric motor driven by a battery. The configuration of the working device is not limited as long as the traveling device or the working device is operated.

[0034]

As described above, in the electric drive type working vehicle according to the present invention, charging is automatically started when the remaining capacity of the battery falls below a predetermined reference capacity. However, irrespective of the remaining capacity of the battery, the battery can be charged by instructing the start of charging of the battery by the charge instructing means, so that work is performed in a place where noise is not desired. It is possible to fully charge in advance.
For this reason, the number of cases in which charging is started during work and noise is generated due to engine rotation is reduced, and work becomes easy even in a quiet residential area. In addition, since the working time can be spared and the worker has a sufficient time, the safety of the work can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram mainly showing a power transmission system of an electric drive type working vehicle according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the electric drive type working vehicle.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the appearance of a front operation device and a rear operation device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 aerial work vehicle (electrically driven work vehicle) 11 vehicle body 31 battery 32 electric motor 33 PTO mechanism (power transmission device) 34 transmission (traveling device) 35 hydraulic pump (working device) 37 controller (engine start / stop means) 42 engine 43 generator 45 capacity detector (capacity detection means) 54 forced power switch (charge command means)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) H02J 7/00 B60K 9/00 E (72) Inventor Nobuyuki Oguma 10 Aichi Corporation Ageo Works (72) Inventor Nobuaki Takeda 5-33-8 Shiba, Minato-ku, Tokyo Mitsubishi Motors Corporation (72) Inventor Yusuke Horii 5-33 Shiba, Minato-ku, Tokyo 8 Mitsubishi Motors Corporation (72) Inventor Sadao Imai 5-33, Shiba, Minato-ku, Tokyo Mitsubishi Motors Corporation F-term (reference) 3G093 AA04 AA10 AA15 AA16 BA21 BA22 BA32 CA01 DB00 EB00 FA11 5G003 AA07 BA01 DA04 EA05 FA06 5H115 PA05 PC06 PG10 PI16 PI22 PI29 PI30 PU01 PU26 QA01 QN12 RB08 SE06 TI02 TU17

Claims (1)

[Claims] A vehicle having a traveling device; a working device provided on the vehicle body; a motor capable of selectively driving the traveling device and the working device; a battery for supplying power to the motor; A power transmission device that switches and transmits the power of the electric motor to one of the traveling device and the working device; a generator that charges the battery; an engine that drives the generator; and a remaining capacity of the battery. And detecting the remaining capacity of the battery detected by the capacity detecting means is smaller than a predetermined reference capacity, the engine is started, the remaining capacity is equivalent to full charge And an engine start / stop means for stopping the engine when it is detected that A charge instructing unit for instructing a start and stop of charging of the battery, wherein the engine start / stop unit is configured to stop the engine when a charge start instruction is issued by the charge instructing unit regardless of the remaining capacity. An electric drive type work vehicle which is started and stops the engine when a charge stop command is issued by the charge command means.