JP2000324786A - Unified body type single-pole induction generator of plurality divided magnetic conductors - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a generator for improving the low voltage of 0.6-0.7 V which is a defect of the conventional single-pole induction generator, and can obtain a large current by a small device which is the advantage of this generator. SOLUTION: This generator has a plurality of sliding pivoting brushes, wherein a plurality of insulated disks or divided conductors are fixed on both side surfaces of a rotor (disk) 1 of a single-pole induction generator, to contact and rotate with suitable pressure accompanying the rotation of a pivoting member (unified body of a center conductor and the divided conductors) around the conductor 1 and the divided conductors, and lead out electricity from the center part by using contact brushes. These respective conductors are composed of magnetic conductor (metal magnet), and all the divided conductors are connected in series with the conductor 1. Thereby all generated voltages are added and turn into a high voltage. By changing a magnet for excitation of an electromagnet or a superconducting magnet and installing liquid metal brushes, a large current can be used in a small-sized apparatus.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a monopolar induction generator.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This unipolar induction generator was first considered by Michael Faraday in 1832.
When a conductor (disk) placed in a unified magnetic field is rotated, a voltage is generated between the periphery and the center of the disk. When contact brushes are provided at the periphery and the center and connected to apply a load, current flows. When the current flows clockwise as viewed from the N-pole surface, a plus appears at the center and a minus polarity appears at the periphery. In reverse rotation, the polarity is negative at the center and positive at the periphery. The generated voltage does not change even if the magnet is rotated together with the conductor or the magnet is fixed and the conductor alone is rotated. No voltage is generated even if the conductor is fixed and only the magnet is rotated. The magnitude of the generated voltage is proportional to the square of the radius of the rotating conductor, the number of lines of magnetic force passing through the rotating conductor, and the rotating speed.

[0003]

The above-described unipolar induction generator has a large generated current but a low generated voltage.
(0.6V to 0.7V) At the stage where the rotating speed of the rotating conductor is high and the contact brush is arranged on the peripheral edge to take out the voltage, the voltage drop due to the frictional heat of the brush is extremely difficult to handle.
At present, the range of use is limited and hardly used at present. The problem to be solved by the present invention is to increase the voltage in order to draw a large current with a large potential of the unipolar induction generator, and to reduce the voltage drop due to frictional heat with respect to the peripheral portion rotating speed of the rotating conductor. It is a device of a brush which can suppress the noise.

[0004]

The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The rotor (1) of a single-pole induction generator is made of a metal magnet (alnico magnet), and an insulated conductor disk or an insulated disk is provided on both sides of the rotor. A plurality of magnetic conductor disks or divided and insulated conductors or a plurality of insulated magnetic conductors (metal magnets) (2 to 13) are fixed. Circular conductors or circular magnetic conductors (metals) that rotate while contacting the peripheral portions of the divided conductor and the central conductor (hereinafter referred to as divided conductors) and take out voltage from the central portion by contact brushes (20) and (21) A plurality of sliding-rotating magnetic conductor brushes (A to L) (M1 to M3) made of magnets are arranged. (Hereinafter referred to as rotating brush)

The circuit of this generator will be described with reference to the drawing (1). A rotating brush (A) that slides and rotates on the peripheral edge of each divided magnetic conductor (2 to 13) with appropriate pressure is attached to each conductor. ~
L) is arranged, and a contact brush (21) is provided at the center thereof to take out a voltage. A contact brush holder (in which the number of contact brushes corresponding to the number of divided conductors is in sliding contact with each divided conductor at an appropriate pressure is provided at the center of both sides of the N pole surface and the S pole surface to which the divided conductors are fixed. 23) is fixed close to the divided conductor. The center brush (21) of the rotating brush (A) and the center contact brush (b) of the conductor (3) are connected, and this wiring is connected to the rotating brushes (BE) and (c-f) in the same manner as described above. I do.

The rotating brush of the divided conductor (7) is connected to the center brush (g) of the S pole face divided conductor (8). Similar wires are connected to the brushes (G to K) and (h to l) in the same manner as described above, and connected to the rotary brush (L) and the center of the center conductor (1) of the generator with the contact brush (P). . The same rotating brushes (M1 to M1) as described above are also provided on the peripheral portion of the center rotor (1) of the generator.
3) is a generator that utilizes a potential difference between the contact brush (20) on the central axis and the central brush (a) on the N pole surface.

A strong magnet (14) (rare-earth-related magnet) for exciting the magnetic rotating body is fixed close to the divided moving body. The fixed magnet for excitation (14) is an electromagnet or a superconducting magnet, and these are selected according to the purpose of use. A liquid metal brush (wood metal) is used to reduce internal resistance with the purpose of drawing this large current. The outer frame (18) constituting the entire generator is made of a magnetic material and a magnetic circuit. The bearing that supports each rotating body is a non-magnetic conductor bearing (ceramic ball bearing). A monopole induction generator integrated with a plurality of divided magnetic conductors configured as described above.

[0008]

When the shaft is rotated by external power, the center conductor (1) and each of the divided conductors (2 to 13) are magnetic conductors (metal magnets) (hereinafter referred to as a rotating body). Is placed in the line of magnetic force of the exciting magnet (14), so that a voltage is generated between the sliding contact surfaces of the rotating brushes (AL) and the respective center contact brushes (al). In the case of clockwise rotation viewed from the N-pole surface, a polarity of (+) appears at the center of the center conductor (1) and each of the divided conductors (2 to 13), and current flows from the center toward the periphery. The center conductor (1) and each of the divided conductors (2-
13) In the peripheral part, the rotating brushes (AL to M3) (M1 to M3) corresponding to the number or a plurality of rotating brushes are insulated and slidably rotated to each divided conductor and the center conductor with an opposing pressure. It is set to do. (16a-16c) (M1-M3)

The above rotating brush is also a magnetic conductor (metal magnet).
The polarity is the same as that of the rotating conductor main body when viewed from the N pole surface, and when the main body rotates clockwise as viewed from the N pole surface, the rotating brush that slides and rotates becomes counterclockwise, and the electric current appears. The target polarity is (-) at the center and (+) at the periphery. Thereby, each divided magnetic conductor (2 to 13) and the rotating brush (A to
L) are electrically connected in series, and the boosted voltage is connected to the contact brushes (a to l) at the center of the adjacent divided conductor by the contact brush (21) installed at the center of each rotating brush.

This phenomenon occurs simultaneously between each of the divided conductors (2 to 13) and the rotating brushes (A to L), and all the divided conductors (2 to 13) and the rotating brushes (AL to L). ) Are connected in series at the same time, so that the voltage is high. The voltage boosted by each of the divided conductors (2 to 13) is connected to the central brush (P) of the generator central rotor (1), and from a plurality of rotating brushes (M1 to M3) installed on the peripheral edge, the contact brush ( 2
As for the voltage to be extracted using 0), a high voltage that cannot be realized by the conventional unipolar induction generator can be extracted.

The use of each of the rotating brushes (A to L) (M1 to M3) increases the rotating speed of the rotating body (integral of the divided magnetic body and the center conductor) and becomes extremely high when the peripheral speed is reached. If used, the output will disappear due to the voltage drop due to the frictional heat. With the use of the rotating brushes (AL) (M1 to M3), the sliding surfaces are always in close contact with an appropriate pressure, and no frictional heat is generated there. The frictional resistance caused by the contact brush (graphite brush) used in general monopolar induction generators can be reduced by using a rotating brush, and by taking out the voltage with the contact brush from the center of the rotating brush, the frictional heat can be reduced. And the energy consumption of external power by frictional resistance can be reduced.

Since the material of these rotating brushes is a magnetic conductor (metal magnet), a voltage is generated between the sliding surface of the peripheral portion and the brushes (20) and (21) of the central portion when the rotating brush itself rotates. This contributes to the overall output increase. The stationary magnet (14) is provided for the purpose of further exciting the rotating body (the one in which the divided conductor and the central conductor are integrated), which are magnets, to increase the magnetic flux density and improve the power generation capacity. The outer frame (18) constituting the whole generator is made of a magnetic material to form a magnetic circuit, which is designed for the purpose of minimizing the diffusion of the lines of magnetic force and minimizing the demagnetization of the magnetic force.

Rotating brush holder (16a to 16c)
The rotating brush supported by is insulated from the facing rotating brush, the ball of the ball bearing supporting all the rotating bodies is a non-magnetic conductor, and the phenomenon of hindering the rotation of the ball by the lines of magnetic force is suppressed, Each rotating brush (AL) (M
1 to M3) and each conductor.

Since the liquid metal (wood metal) of the liquid metal brush has a melting point of 70 ° C., it is heated by a heater to maintain a liquid state, and is placed in direct sliding contact with the sliding surface of the rotating body by using a synthetic plastic seal. . As a result, when it is installed on the sliding surface of the central rotor (1) where a large amount of current is generated, the sliding area is increased, and the electric current is small and a large current can be taken out without loss.

[0015]

Another embodiment will be described in which the fixed magnet intended for exciting the generator is replaced with a superconducting magnet and used. At present, the highest magnetic flux density of the rare-earth magnet is 1.2 Tesla (1 Tesla = 100
00 gauss), but 10-
Many 30 Tesla items are made. In order to keep a small machine of about 10 Tesla in a superconducting state, the superconducting coil must be cooled using helium at 4.2K, but with the current refrigeration technology, the electric power used for the refrigerator is required. Is 1KW to 1.5KW. Large (50 megavolt amps-100
A 0 megavolt amp) machine is under development worldwide.

When examining the contents, since the super-strong magnetic force of the superconducting coil can be used, the size and weight of the entire generator can be reduced to 2/1 to 3/1.
However, calculating the efficiency of the generator as a whole only improves the efficiency by about 1%. The reason is that due to the huge number of magnetic field lines generated by the superconducting coil, even if the mass of the generator as a whole is reduced, the energy consumption of external power to rotate the generator is not much different from before. . This is because a huge physical law of action and reaction acts between the huge exciting magnetic force and the rotor. A current proportional to the magnetic force is generated in the coil crossing the magnetic flux, and a reaction to the exciting magnetic flux is generated. For this reason, the overall efficiency is only about 1% improvement in energy consumption.

Therefore, the rotating conductor (the divided conductor and the central conductor are integrated) according to the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the rotating conductor).
Is installed in a strong magnetic field of about 10 Tesla. One of the features of superconducting coils is that they do not use an iron core unlike conventional coils. 2.2 for iron
It saturates at Tesla and does not require a magnetic flux density of up to 10 Tesla. The center of the coil is an air core, and the material of the rotating conductor is a non-magnetic conductor, and the rotating conductor is installed close to the position of the strongest magnetic field. Does not take much. The law of action-reaction is minimized for this generator. Since the entire rotating conductor is located in a uniform magnetic field, no eddy current is generated inside the rotating conductor, which causes an action reaction.

[0018]

As described above, the greatest feature of this generator is that even if the exciting magnetic field is strong, the phenomenon of the action reaction applied to the armature is extremely small, and the power generation that can make the best use of the features of the superconducting coil. Machine.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front outer frame sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of the outer frame showing an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a side outer frame showing an embodiment of the present invention and a partially removed view (rotating brush holders 16a to 16c M);
3)

FIG. 5 is a perspective view, partly in section, of an outer frame showing an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 is a magnetic conductor disk of a unipolar induction generator 2 to 7 are N-pole split magnetic conductors 8 to 13 are S-pole split magnetic conductors 14 is a fixed magnet for excitation 15 is a bolt and nut 16a to 16c for fixing the generator Rotating brush holder for magnetic conductor 17 Magnetic field lines passing through a magnetic circuit 18 Generator outer frame 19 Screw holes for fixing magnets 20 Contact brushes for M1 to M3 21 Contact for sliding contact rotating brush (AL) A brush 22 is a terminal for a brush contacting the center of the divided conductor. 23 is a holder for the brush contacting the center of the divided conductor. 24 is a bolt for fixing the magnet. A to F are G-L for the N pole. F is for the N pole g-1 is the contact brush for the center of the divided conductor for the S pole M1 to M3 are the sliding contact rotating brushes for the center conductor P is the contact brush for the center conductor disk

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A rotor (conductor disk) of a monopolar induction generator
A plurality of insulated conductor discs or a plurality of divided and insulated conductors (2 to 13) are fixed to both side surfaces of (1) to form a rotating body, and contact brushes (a to 1) are formed on the periphery and center of all conductors. ) (P)
Alternatively, a contact-contact rotating brush (A to L) (M1 to
M3) A single-pole induction generator integrated with a plurality of divided magnetic conductors, wherein all the conductors are connected in series. 2. A rotor (conductor disk) (1) of the above-mentioned monopole induction generator integrated with a plurality of divided magnetic conductors and a plurality of insulated conductor disks fixed to both side surfaces thereof or a plurality of insulated divided conductors (2 to 1).
A magnetic conductor (metal magnet) is used as the material of 3), and a magnetic conductor rotating body is used. A magnet (14) for the purpose of excitation is fixed to the rotating body close to the magnetic body (18), and a magnetic circuit (18) is provided. Integrated monopolar induction generator. 3. A rotor (disk) (1) and a plurality of divided magnetic conductors (2) of the above-mentioned monopole induction generator integrated with a plurality of divided magnetic conductors.
The magnet (14) for exciting the rotating body which is integrated with the magnets (13) to (13) is an electromagnet or a superconducting magnet, and the rotating body is rotated in the magnetic field so that the liquid flows from the periphery. A multi-pole magnetic conductor integrated monopolar induction generator characterized by obtaining power using a metal brush (wood metal).