JP2000202413A - Garbage treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To decompose and extinct (reduce) garbage in the shortest possible time, to greatly improve treatment efficiency, to easily make even the garbage of large lumps finer and to facilitate operation. SOLUTION: This device is provided with a box-shaped treating vessel 1 housing garbage and base materials. The bottom side in the treating vessel 1 is provided with two pieces of revolving shafts 2a and 2b adapted rotatable in opposite directions to each other apart a spacing in nearly parallel. A plurality of cutting blades 3 extending in a radial direction from these shafts are axially fixed to the respective revolving shafts 2a and 2b. Two lines of belt-like agitating blades 4 are spirally fixed along the axial direction of the respective revolving shafts so as to connect the front ends of the cutting blades 3. As a result, the contents are agitated, cut and turned in a good state and the rapid and efficient decomposition and extinction of the garbage are achieved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage processing apparatus capable of rapidly decomposing garbage and suppressing generation of odor as much as possible to achieve a significant reduction in garbage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, most garbage discharged from homes comes from kitchens such as restaurants, cafeterias, the food service industry, school meals, etc., but these are incinerated or disposed of in public facilities. Had been disposed of. However, due to problems in environmental protection and processing space, processing costs have been rising year by year, and simple outsourcing has become difficult.
As a result, there is a tendency to dispose of the garbage at the source.

[0003] In a usual garbage disposal mode, a microorganism is easily activated in a fermenter, and the garbage is microbially decomposed while being heated and stirred. Fermentation type treatment method, used as fertilizer, put garbage into a tank filled with bacteria beds such as sawdust and coffee grounds, and, while stirring, completely decompose most of the garbage into water and carbon dioxide. , A minute-elimination type processing method is known, and one of the methods is gradually being adopted. In particular, the elimination-type disposal system has been recently recommended because it substantially eliminates garbage (it is possible to reduce a considerable amount, though not 100%), and the present invention is also of this type. It is intended to provide an improved processing device.

[0004] In the conventional garbage disposal apparatus, for example, a substantially horizontal rotating shaft is provided in a processing tank, and a plurality of stirring rods are fixed perpendicularly to the rotating shaft. There is known a structure in which sawdust, coffee beans residue, and garbage filled in a tank are stirred by the propeller-type stirring rod. On the other hand, a screw-type stirring device may be considered in consideration of the feeding of the contents.

[0005]

However, in the conventional propeller type garbage processing apparatus described above, even if the processing tank has a cylindrical cross section, the stirring effect is insufficient, and the decomposition reaction ends. However, it took 24 hours or more, which was not satisfactory in terms of processing efficiency. On the other hand, in a rectangular processing tank, a dead space occurs, and the contents located there are not stirred, and the processing does not proceed. Further, the screw-type stirring device simply pushed the contents forward, and could not expect a stirring effect.

Further, in the conventional apparatus, since the garbage cannot be reduced to a very small size because the processing apparatus is not provided with a cutting function, coarse garbage must be crushed to a certain size in advance. It was not always easy to use. Furthermore, since the treatment time is long, the generation of odor increases accordingly. To remove this odor, a separate deodorizer must be installed, and the load on the apparatus is correspondingly large.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the conventional processing apparatus, and can disassemble and eliminate (reduce) garbage in as short a time as possible. It is an object of the present invention to provide a garbage processing apparatus which can greatly improve the efficiency and can easily miniaturize a large lump of garbage, and can be easily operated. In addition, the present invention provides a particularly effective treatment apparatus when a special "catalyst" developed by the present inventors as a result of many years of experimental research regarding the almost complete disintegration treatment of garbage is mixed. For another purpose.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for treating garbage, comprising: a box-like treatment tank for accommodating garbage and a base material; Two rotating shafts that are rotatable in opposite directions at substantially parallel intervals are installed on the bottom side of the shaft, and a plurality of cutting blades extending in the radial direction from the shaft are fixed to each of the rotating shafts in the axial direction. In addition, two strip-shaped stirring blades are fixed so as to spirally connect the tips of the cutting blades along the axial direction of each rotating shaft. The direction of rotation of two adjacent rotating shafts is such that the right axis is clockwise and the left is left, as viewed from the axial direction, so that the contents between the two axes are wound upward from below to form a raised portion. The other axis is counterclockwise.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a garbage disposal apparatus, wherein a cooling section for generating dew condensation in relation to the temperature in the tank is provided at an upper portion in the processing tank. A collecting gutter to collect the generated water droplets is attached to the cooling unit,
A drain pipe for discharging collected water droplets is connected to the collecting gutter. In order to cause dew condensation, the cooling unit needs to maintain a temperature difference of 5 ° C. or more from the temperature in the tank.

[0010] According to a third aspect of the present invention, the two strip-shaped stirring blades are located at positions facing each other with the shaft interposed therebetween, and have a shape in which one ends on opposite sides are missing. . The presence of the deficient portion, together with the rotation of the rotating shaft, promotes the swelling and movement of the contents.

Further, according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the cutting blade holding one strip-shaped stirring blade, the cutting blades at both ends are substantially 180 ° in a positional relationship when viewed from the axial direction. . Further, in claim 5 of the present invention, the above-mentioned cutting blade is twisted in the middle, the mounting angle of the cutting blade on the rotating shaft side is 20 ° to 80 ° with respect to the shaft, and the cutting blade on the stirring blade side is The mounting angle is 5 to 45 degrees with respect to the axis.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below based on an embodiment shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example of a garbage processing apparatus according to the present invention, in which a box-shaped processing tank 1 for storing contents such as garbage and a base material, and a bearing on the bottom side in the processing tank 1. 2 which are installed at almost parallel intervals
A plurality of horizontal rotating shafts 2a and 2b, a plurality of cutting blades 3 extending radially from the shafts to the respective rotating shafts 2a and 2b and fixed at intervals in the axial direction, and each of the rotating shafts 2a and 2b. It is composed of two strip-shaped stirring blades 4 which are fixed so as to connect the tips of the cutting blades spirally along the axial direction.

The processing tank 1 is formed of a rigid metal plate or the like, and has an openable and closable lid (not shown) mounted on the upper part thereof, and one side part for rotating the rotating shafts 2a and 2b. And a bottom portion of the processing tank 1 is formed in a cylindrical shape having two arcs adjacent to each other corresponding to the rotation trajectory of the stirring blade 4 when viewed from the axial direction. Divided into tanks. Although not shown, a heating mechanism with an appropriate temperature adjustment function for maintaining the inside of the tank in an optimum decomposition state when processing the contents 6 is built in the bottom of the processing tank 1. The drive unit for the rotating shaft may be of any type as long as it can rotate the two horizontal rotating shafts 2a and 2b in directions opposite to each other at an arbitrary speed. For example, the rotating shafts 2a and 2b may be used. Each of the rotating shafts may be independently rotated by the drive motor 5 via a speed reducer, or may be rotated in synchronization with one drive motor by a gear mechanism.

The rotation directions of the rotating shafts 2a and 2b are such that the right rotating shaft 2a is clockwise and the left rotating shaft 2b is counterclockwise in the side view of FIG. In between, it is necessary that the contents rise from the bottom to the top. Further, it is preferable that the space between the two rotating shafts 2a and 2b is arranged so close that the stirring blades do not contact each other.

FIG. 2 shows one rotary shaft 2a (same for 2b) having a cutting blade 3 and a stirring blade 4.
The cutting blades provided in the radial direction of the shaft are arranged along a fixed trajectory in two rows in the axial direction, and a single spiral stirring blade connects the tips of the cutting blades in each row. That is, one of the cutting blades 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E (all at the same height)
Of the cutting blade 3a, the other cutting blade 3a, 3
The tips of b, 3c, 3d, 3e (all at the same height) are connected by the other stirring blade 4-2, as shown in FIG.
The cutting blades 3A and 3E and the cutting blades 3a and 3e on the end side of each row are displaced from each other by about 180 °, and the cutting blades therebetween have an appropriate angle distribution (unequal or equiangular). )
And the cutting blades 3A to 3E and the cutting blades 3a to 3
e are arranged to face each other across the axis. Therefore, the stirring blades 4-1 and 4-2 of each strip connecting the cutting blades also
The number of turns (number of undulations) is also constant and approximately 180 ° (150
° to 190 °), which are semicircles facing each other when viewed from the axial direction.

The cutting blade 3 mainly serves to shred the contents (especially garbage).
The rotation of the contents not only exerts the stirring action of the contents, but also contributes to the circulation of the contents in the tank. In particular, as shown in FIG. 4, one cutting blade 3 is formed in a shape twisted in the opposite direction in the middle, and the cutting blade 3 'on the rotating shaft side has an angle range of 20 ° to 80 ° with respect to the shaft. α, the cutting blade 3 ″ on the stirring blade side is inclined at an angle range β of 5 ° to 45 ° with respect to the axis, so that the function of the cutting blade, shredding of garbage and the circulating effect can be exhibited. That is, the contents are cut by the sharp cutting blade 3 'near the rotation axis and at the same time, the contents are pushed in the direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft by the cutting blade 3 "having a low inclination angle, and the contents are cut. Is more likely to come into contact with the stirring blade 4 to promote the circulating effect. The optimum inclination angles of the cutting blades 3 'and 3 "are about 45 ° and about 15 °, respectively. In FIG. 4, the shapes of both end faces of one cutting blade 3 are represented as 3' and 3" for convenience. ing. Further, the inclination of the cutting blade with respect to one axis is set to be in the same direction as the inclination of the cutting blade with respect to the other axis.

On the other hand, the stirring blade 4 mainly aims to stir the contents in the processing tank 1, but, of course, also exerts a cutting (shearing) action of the contents and its rotation, especially the rotation described above. It also contributes to the circulation of the contents in the tank by the synergistic action with the cutting blade. In particular, in order to effectively generate a circulating flow of the contents in the tank, the two stirring blades 4-1 and 4-2 have one ends opposite to each other as shown in FIG. . That is, while y between x and right W ₂ and the cutting blade 3E of the shaft body of the leftmost W ₁ and the cutting blade 3a, on its part takes a certain distance stirring blades (of course, the cutting blade also) have a provided Absent.

The contents (base material + garbage + catalyst) of the contents (base material + garbage + catalyst) shown in FIG. As shown, the swells between the rotation axes. When the rotation speed of the rotating shaft is low, the protruding portion tends to have a low mountain shape such as 6a, and when the rotation speed is high, it tends to have a high mountain shape such as 6b. In the present invention, the raised portion needs to be somewhat high. For example, in FIG. 1B, the distance h between the position of the crest of the raised portion and a horizontal plane passing through the rotation axis is 1/1 / radius of the stirring blade 4. It is desirable that the number be 3 or more. In order to maintain such a height, the rotation speed of the rotating shaft is optimally in the range of 3 to 9 rpm. According to this speed range, the contents are circulated and circulated between the two cylindrical tanks. .

The flow of the contents (base material + garbage + catalyst) 6 is shown in the schematic plan view of FIG. The contents charged in the tank
Since the cutting blade and the stirring blade (schematically shown in FIG. 5) of the two rotating shafts rotate in the same direction and opposite directions to each other, as shown by arrows A and B in FIG. Two flows, normal and reverse, occur, and the central bulge is also composed of flows in the opposite directions of A and B. The contents circulate from one tank to the other. When the movement of the contents 6 is viewed from the up and down direction, the raised contents are the side walls 1b,
While traveling along 1d, it moves downward while being entangled with the stirring blade and the cutting blade. At the position of the walls 1a and 1c perpendicular to the axis, it is at the lowest position, from where it is entrained between the rotating shafts and rises again. It takes shape.

Therefore, in the present invention, since the content once rises between the two axes, air is mixed therein to activate the enzyme, and a good decomposition state is obtained.
Since the bottom of the container is formed in a cylindrical shape, the circulating action as described above allows the contents to circulate smoothly without producing dead space in the tank, and in addition, the contents are generated during the circulation process. Since the refuse is miniaturized and the mixture of the base material, the garbage and the catalyst as required is stirred, the rapid decomposition and disappearance (reduction of the weight) of the garbage is promoted.

The number of cutting blades may be increased or decreased depending on the length of the stirring blade (rotating shaft), and may be at least two. Further, the number of the stirring blades needs to be two in order to exert the above-mentioned action, and if it is less or more, it is inappropriate. Further, the number of windings (the number of undulations) needs to be kept around 180 ° regardless of the length of the rotating shaft. The material of the cutting blade and the stirring blade is preferably made of metal such as stainless steel, but may be made of nonmetal in some cases.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. A large amount of water is generated with the progress of garbage disposal in the treatment tank, and the apparatus shown in FIG. 6 takes into account the rational discharge of this water. That is, in the apparatus shown in FIG. 6, a box-shaped processing tank 1, two rotating shafts 2
a, 2b, the cutting blade and the stirring blade are substantially the same as those in FIG. 1, except that the bottom divided into two tanks is used as a heating space 7, and the openable and closable garbage is put into the upper part of the processing tank 1. Door 8
Is provided, and a serrated cooling space 10 is formed inside the lid 9. In the heating space 7, the inside of the processing tank can be heated by an appropriate heating means in order to reach the optimum temperature. In the cooling space 10, the atmosphere in the processing tank is cooled to cause dew condensation on the surface. Appropriate cooling means is incorporated. In order to cause dew condensation, in principle, it is necessary that the temperature difference between the atmosphere temperature in the tank and the cooling space is always maintained at 5 ° C. or more, and a control mechanism for realizing this is provided in the cooling means. .

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 11 denotes a water collecting gutter provided at an appropriate position on the lower end point of the cooling space 10 or on the lid 9, and receives water drops which are condensed by the water collecting gutter 11 and fall.
In addition, these water collecting gutters 11 are connected to the drainage pipes 12 and the like, so that collected water drops are discharged out of the tank via the water collecting gutters 11 and the drainage pipes 12. In addition, the water collecting gutter 11 at each position may be collected in one drain pipe 12, or may be appropriately divided and discharged into a plurality of places. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 6, almost all the moisture in the tank can be dewed and discharged as water droplets, so that the odor can be reduced to almost zero.

The base material to be put into the treatment tank is preferably a porous material such as wood chips (sawdust), coffee grounds, rice hulls, etc., to which the annihilated microorganisms (enzymes) easily adhere. In addition, garbage can be leftovers, vegetables, fish and shellfish, meat, paper, and the like, but the garbage does not need to be subdivided in advance, and can be supplied as it is.

In the present invention, it is desirable to use a treatment apparatus having the above-described structure and to use a special catalyst in combination to activate the function by acting on the enzyme.
This makes it possible to eliminate garbage very quickly. In other words, in the processing apparatus of the present invention, by arranging and operating the two rotating shafts that rotate in opposite directions, the stirring blade partially missing, and the cutting blade whose angle is changed vertically,
Produces good stirring, cutting and circulating effects on the contents. As a result, the catalyst can be uniformly dispersed in the base material, and the garbage introduced into the mixture of the catalyst and the base material can be uniformly dispersed. In addition, coarse lump garbage can be refined to increase the contact area with the catalyst. As a result, it is possible to create an environment that maximizes the generation of aerobic microorganisms in the treatment tank without adding enzymes and bacteria, thereby processing garbage in as short a time as possible and eliminating it. I do.

[0026]

EXAMPLE Garbage was treated using the treatment apparatus shown in FIG. 6 under the following conditions. [Experimental conditions] Base material: Sawdust, total input amount 150 kg Catalyst: 10 kg Water injection amount: 5 kg Raw garbage: mainly sewage, vegetables, meat, fish (water content 74%), total input amount 98 kg Treatment tank capacity: 2. 2m ³ stirring blade diameter: the number and angle of 500mm cutting blade: 5 to 1 Article stirring blade, α45 °, β
15 ° Rotation speed of rotating shaft: 6 rpm Processing tank temperature: about 40 ° C Processing tank cooling unit temperature: about 30 ° C

[Results] First, 120 kg of sawdust and 10 kg
After charging 5 kg of catalyst and 5 kg of water into the treatment tank, about 30 kg
After 10 minutes, 10 kg of garbage is put in, and the rotating shaft is operated to start making a base material in a state where microorganisms are activated. 30 kg of sawdust is put in the middle and the preparation of the base material is completed in about 24 hours.
Next, divide the remaining garbage into 88kg at appropriate intervals
Was introduced. After 4 hours, the operation of the treatment tank was stopped, and the contents were measured. Amount of base material after treatment: 115 kg Amount of garbage after treatment: 2 kg Other products: CO ₂ , 1500 cc of water (all collected as water droplets due to dew condensation and drained) Odor: No odor was generated.

In the conventional propeller type stirring apparatus, when the decomposition treatment was performed under the same conditions as described above, the weighing result of the contents about 10 hours after the garbage was introduced after the base material was prepared, the result of Material amount: 117 kg, garbage amount: 53 kg.
In addition, generation of considerable putrefaction odor was observed.

[0029]

According to the garbage processing apparatus according to the present invention described above, the following effects can be expected. Due to its structure, it can effectively exhibit the stirring, cutting, and circulating (circulating) functions, enabling quick decomposition and disappearance (reduction of volume) of garbage, compared to conventional garbage processing machines. Processing efficiency can be greatly improved. Even if coarse garbage is contained in the garbage, since it can be subdivided by the cutting blade, it is not necessary to shred the garbage in advance, and there is no time and effort. Since the garbage can be decomposed and eliminated in a short time, the generation of putrefaction odor can be minimized. In addition, products generated after the treatment are safe and do not pollute the environment.
In particular, in the case where garbage is treated by mixing a special catalyst with the base material, the treatment apparatus of the present invention can achieve the above-described effects to the maximum.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a processing apparatus according to the present invention, in which (a) is a front sectional view of the processing apparatus, and (b) is a side sectional view.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing one rotary shaft provided with a cutting blade and a stirring blade used in the apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a left side view of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a specific example of a cutting blade provided between a rotating shaft and a stirring blade in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view schematically showing the flow of contents in the processing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view showing another embodiment of the processing apparatus according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Processing tank 2 Rotating axis 3 Cutting blade 4 Stirring blade 5 Stirring motor 6 Contents 7 Heating space 8 Garbage input door 9 Cover part 10 Cooling space 11 Water collecting gutter 12 Drain pipe

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (71) Applicant 599007381 Hiroaki Hasegawa 4-7-27 Suzurandaiminamicho, Kita-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo (72) Inventor Wataru Kurosawa 665, Hirano, Shima-name, Takano-shi, Ibaraki, Japan (72) Invention Person Masafusa Karasawa 783 Karasukawa, Horikinamura, Minamiazumi-gun, Nagano Prefecture (72) Inventor Hiroshi Hatayama 26-1, Hirokute, Yonegi-cho, Nisshin-shi, Aichi Prefecture (72) Inventor Hiroaki Hasegawa 4, Suzurandaiminamicho, Kita-ku, Kobe-shi, Hyogo Prefecture -7-27 F term (reference) 4D004 AA03 CA04 CA15 CA19 CA32 CB02 CB12 CB28 CB31 CB43 CC08 CC09 4D065 CA12 CB07 CC01 DD16 DD22 EB17 ED20 ED32 ED39

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A box-shaped processing tank for storing garbage and a base material is provided, and two rotation shafts rotatable in opposite directions at substantially parallel intervals on a bottom side in the processing tank. A plurality of cutting blades extending in the radial direction from the shaft are fixed to each of the rotating shafts in the axial direction, and the tips of the cutting blades are spirally connected along the axial direction of each rotating shaft. A garbage disposal apparatus having a strip-shaped stirring blade fixed thereto. 2. A cooling section for forming dew condensation in relation to the temperature inside the processing tank is provided at an upper portion in the processing tank, and a collecting gutter for collecting water droplets generated by the condensation is provided in the cooling section. 2. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a drain pipe for discharging the collected water drops. 3. The raw stirrer according to claim 1, wherein the two strip-shaped stirring blades are located at positions facing each other with the shaft interposed therebetween, and have a shape in which one ends on opposite sides are missing. Waste treatment equipment. 4. A cutting blade for holding one strip-shaped stirring blade,
4. A cutting blade according to claim 1, wherein the cutting blades at both ends are substantially 180 DEG in relation to each other when viewed from the axial direction.
A garbage disposal device according to the item. 5. The cutting blade is twisted in the middle, the mounting angle of the cutting blade on the rotating shaft side is 20 ° to 80 ° with respect to the shaft, and the mounting angle of the cutting blade on the stirring blade side is 5 ° with respect to the shaft. The garbage disposal apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the angle is from 0 to 45 °.