JP2000295819A - Motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the criterion for judging recycling of a motor by installing in the motor an index means for indicating the ratio of operation time of the life or the life expectancy of the motor, on the outer case. SOLUTION: An inside hole of a first index body 6 is decentered and so, a bearing 3 and the first index body 6 are not positioned concentrically, with the first index body being decentered against a shaft 2. A spring 5 is deformed by an amount of decentering of the first index body 6 and the inner surface of the hole of the first index body 6 are brought into pressure contact with the outer surface of a second index body 7 by the restoring force of the spring. The second index body 7 is rotated together with the shaft 2 with both index bodies being in pressure contact with each other by the resiliency of the spring, and therefore the outer surface of the index body 7 moves in contact with the inner surface of the index body 6 when the motor is rotated. An index means consists of the index body 7 which is rotated with the rotation of the motor shaft and the index body 6 which is not rotated with the rotation of the motor shaft. The movement-in-contact of these index bodies generates the wear and the degree of the wear indicates the frequency of use of the motor.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a motor provided as a drive source inside an office machine or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, interest in a resource-saving society has been increasing. Due to a growing sense of crisis over the finite nature of global resources, laws and regulations that require the use of recycling-based resources and transition to an energy-saving society have been established one after another.

[0003] A method of utilizing resources in circulation is a method in which a product once produced as a product is reused as it is through cleaning, refilling, inspection, and the like, and a recycling process in which the material is once pulverized, returned to the raw material stage, and then reused. It can be broadly classified into three types: usage methods that have passed through, and methods that use fuel. Of these resource utilization methods, "reuse" is the method that can be made available again with the least amount of energy, and is the best.

[0004] On the other hand, office machines such as printers and copiers are also required to be "ecology" machines from the viewpoint of adapting to the social missions and regulations of manufacturers.
Therefore, as an office machine maker, efforts are being made to manufacture a more "ecological" machine by the above means.

[0005] As described above, "reuse" is the most excellent recycling resource utilization method. However, a discarded machine of an office machine contains reusable parts and units.
For example, an optical component or the like does not have a sliding portion, and thus has a slow deterioration speed, and is the most reusable component if it can be inspected and cleaned.

[0006] On the other hand, motors have a sliding portion, so that they deteriorate and deteriorate quickly in performance. However, it is not always the case that the performance of the motor in the discarded product has been reduced to a quality that can no longer be used. The reason is that the units inside the machine, such as the motor, are originally designed with a margin for the product life of the machine body, and are discarded after the machine body is fully used for the product life. Because that is not always the case.

[0007] For such a reason, some discarded products include motors that can be used sufficiently and have a quality equal to that of a new product. In particular, in the case of a machine that has two or more motors, one of the motors may be used infrequently, and there is a possibility that a motor of sufficient quality is included in the waste product. There is.

[0008]

As described in the above-mentioned conventional example, in recent years when energy saving and resource saving society have been demanded, a motor which can still be sufficiently used is included in the waste product. There is a great waste in the "resource recycling" system, which is discarded as it is, and after the product is disassembled and the parts are separated, the motor is discarded or further disassembled and reused as a material.

The reason why such a useless state occurs is that the number of times of use and the life expectancy of the solid of the motor cannot be determined from the appearance or the like. No matter how new it looks, it cannot be concluded that the motor has been underutilized. Furthermore, most of the used motors often have an appearance whose usage frequency and time cannot be estimated.

When a product is shipped from a manufacturer, it must be guaranteed for the set life of the product at the time of shipment. Without knowing the life expectancy, a manufacturer cannot reuse the motor and use it in a product.
That is a major reason why motors cannot be reused.

On the other hand, at least most of the large office machines have a function of a counter memory for storing the cumulative use frequency. This counter indicates the frequency of use of the device. However, it is difficult to use this counter function to determine the operating time or life expectancy of the motor.

One of the reasons is that the value of the counter indicates the frequency of use of the entire apparatus. This is because, in particular, for a device having two or more motors, the usage frequency of each motor cannot be known. The options are to determine whether all the motors in the apparatus can be uniformly reused or not. Also, when the number of times of use of the counter is small, the entire apparatus should be reused rather than taking out and reusing the motor.

Another reason is that once disassembly is started, the information on the frequency of use is not attached to each part or unit, so that the information is likely to be lost, causing confusion or a major obstacle to dismantling work. Because. It can be said that information cannot be used unless it can be recognized in the state of the motor alone.

Furthermore, there is no way to know the number of uses for a machine that does not have a counter memory. Further, in the case where the motor alone is provided with a counter memory for recording, it is easy to detect the rotation by a Hall element or the like. However, for example, when trying to record the operation time of a relatively low-speed motor of 1000 rpm up to 3000 hours, the number of rotations that the counter must count is:
1000rpm × 60min × 3000h = 18000
0000 (rotations), and a memory capable of recording up to 2 to the 27th power is required. In addition, the memory must be held even without backup of the power supply, and there is a major problem in terms of cost and space, for example, a predetermined device is required to read the value in the memory. The same can be said for not only the recording of the number of rotations but also the recording of the number of operating hours. That is, the display means must be feasible cost and size.

Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive and small motor with index means for indicating the frequency of use.

A second object of the present invention is that the index means for indicating the frequency of use of the motor changes as the motor is driven, and that the index indicates the wear of the sliding portion which is the main cause of the deterioration of the motor performance. It is related to change. That is,
It is desirable that the index changes reflecting the conditions such as the driving environment where the motor is placed.

A third object of the present invention is to present not only information on whether or not a certain standard is exceeded but also more detailed information, that is, display contents of use, in order to secure a wider range of reusable applications. Is to be identified in multiple stages.

[0018]

In order to achieve the above object, a motor according to the present invention is characterized in that an index means is provided on an external appearance which can indicate an operation rate or a remaining life of the motor with respect to its life.

The index means is constituted by a pair of an index body that rotates with the rotation of the motor shaft and a fixed index body that does not rotate, and the index bodies slide with each other to cause abrasion. , The degree is an index indicating the number of times of use.

Further, the index means is capable of displaying the operating rate or the remaining life of the motor with respect to the life thereof in multiple stages.

[0021]

(Embodiment 1) FIGS. 1 and 2 show Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the motor of FIG. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a motor main body, 2 denotes a motor shaft, and 3 denotes a rear one of the bearings before and after the motor. 4 is a motor pinion. 5 is an index coupling spring. Reference numeral 6 denotes a first indicator, which is made of, for example, an ABS resin containing glass fiber. Reference numeral 7 denotes a second indicator, which is made of a harder material than the ABS resin, for example, a POM resin. In addition,
On the left side of FIG. 1, a diagram of the indicator viewed from the direction of the arrow in the diagram is shown.

The spring 5 extends from the outer peripheral portion of the bearing 3 to the outer peripheral portion of the indicator body 6, and is connected to both parts by a force of reducing its diameter so as to return to its original state. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, the bearing 7 is connected to the shaft 2 by press-fitting, and rotates integrally with the shaft 2.

Since the hole inside the first index member 6 is eccentric, the bearing 3 and the first index member 6 are not located on a concentric axis, and the first index member 6 is Eccentric. The spring 5 is distorted by the amount of the eccentricity, and the inner diameter of the hole of the indicator 6 and the outer periphery of the indicator 7 are pressed against each other by the restoring force of the spring. Since the second index member 7 rotates together with the shaft 2 in a state where the two index members are kept pressed by the spring force, when the motor rotates, the inner surface of the index member 6 and the outer periphery of the index member 7 are rotated. It will slide.

In general, the life of a motor depends on sliding parts such as bearings and gears. The reason is that, compared to other magnetic circuit units and control electric circuit units, mechanical sliding parts are most likely to deteriorate. It is most reasonable that the guideline indicating the life of the motor follows "the indicator indicating the progress of wear of the sliding portion".

Further, the progress of the wear is greatly affected by the "temperature of the sliding portion" due to the ambient temperature, the temperature rise of the motor itself, and the like. If an attempt is made to estimate the life expectancy of the motor based only on the driving time of the motor, the influence of this temperature cannot be fully evaluated, and a problem may occur in the evaluation accuracy. However, the wear phenomenon that occurs in the same environment as the motor body is
It can be said that the deterioration of the motor itself can be more accurately reflected.

Indicators 6 and 7 for the life expectancy of the motor according to the present invention
Is located at a position in close contact with the bearing of the motor, so that the temperature change of the bearing can be faithfully reflected.
As a result, the wear generated between the index members 6 and 7 reflects the wear of the bearing portion and the gear.

If the force of pressing the indicator 6 and the indicator 7 by the spring is too strong, this force may cause uneven wear of the bearing. However, in the present embodiment, this spring force is sufficiently weak and not enough to cause uneven wear on the bearing.

The material and the amount of eccentricity of the index members 6 and 7 are about 100
It is experimentally determined and designed so that the motor can be cut to such an extent that the return force of the spring becomes ineffective due to wear when the motor is operated for 0 hours.

If the returning force of the spring is still acting on the indicator of the motor taken out of the waste product, it is estimated that the operation of this motor has been performed for 1000 hours or less. Therefore, it can be seen that if the life of the motor is guaranteed for 3000 hours for the motor alone, there is room for another 2000 hours. Therefore, it can be determined that this motor can be applied to a machine whose life is set to 2000 hours or less again.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an index for accurately judging the life expectancy of the motor, and it is possible to obtain reliability and easiness of life expectancy judgment when the motor is reused. Thus, it can be said that resources can be more effectively utilized. This embodiment is one example, and there are various other options for the material of the indicator.

(Embodiment 2) FIGS. 3 and 4 are views for explaining a motor according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The present embodiment is an example in which a sliding type life indicator, which is the gist of the present invention, is attached to an outer rotor type DC servomotor whose outer cylinder rotates.
The same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

When the outer rotor type motor receives the sliding resistance on the side surface of the rotor outer cylinder, the disturbance moment caused by the sliding resistance increases, and there is a possibility that uneven rotation and uneven wear of the bearing portion may occur. Therefore, the sliding index pair is near the center of rotation.

As shown in the figure, the pair of sliding members 6 and 7 serving as indices are such that the non-rotating indices 6 are attached to the distal end of the leaf spring 5 and the rotating indices 7 are attached near the rotation center of the rotor outer cylinder. .
The leaf spring pushes the rotor in the thrust direction via the pair of index members. With this configuration, the moment of the sliding resistance is small. Rather, since it acts to suppress the thrust backlash of the rotor with the pressure contact force, one rotation per rotation normally generated in the rotor is performed.
There is an advantage that rotation unevenness generated in a cycle can be reduced.

The indicator pair of this embodiment is also made of POM and glass fiber-containing ABS resin in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The fixed index member 6 is a POM resin part whose tip has a shape like a part of a hemisphere as shown in FIG. 4, and is thermally caulked to a leaf spring. The tip of the hemispherical portion slides on the rotating index member 7 and gradually wears.

It is assumed that the durability of this motor unit has been guaranteed for 4000 hours. The approximate life expectancy for the 4000 hours can be estimated using the wear amount of the spherical portion as an index. If the sphere part is worn and the height is reduced by 0.5 mm, it is a measure of 1000 hours of operation. In addition, if the sphere is in a state where it is hardly worn out, it is 3000.
As it is said that time is a measure of operation, the operation time of the motor can be roughly estimated by verifying the statistical wear amount.

Therefore, if the motor is operated for 1000 hours or less, it can be determined that the motor taken out of the discarded product can be re-entered with sufficient time into an apparatus having a life of 2000 hours or less.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an index for accurately judging the life expectancy of the motor, and it is possible to obtain the reliability of life expectancy judgment and the ease of judgment when reusing a motor. Thus, it can be said that resources can be more effectively utilized. This embodiment is one example, and there are various other options for the material of the indicator and the pressing means.

(Third Embodiment) Next, an application example common to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described as a third embodiment. FIG. 5 is an application example in which the shape of the indicator according to the first embodiment is changed. Therefore, only the changed part will be described.

In this application example, in the case of a motor having a relatively long life, a rough indication of the elapse of the life can be shown more finely. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a change in the index member of the stepping motor of the first embodiment. And

FIG. 5 shows the rotation of the motor shaft 2 integrally with the motor shaft 2.
This is an example in which a step-like index scale is provided on an index body 7 whose wear amount is an index indicating the elapse of the life of the motor. Example 1
The indicator shown in (1) could only indicate that it was operated for 1000 hours. However, if the index stage of wear can be identified in several stages as in this embodiment,
Strictly speaking, it is not accurate, but it is possible to express the degree of life progress to some extent. Such a contrivance is effective when the life of the motor is high.

The radius of wear of the indicator 7 is large at the beginning, and the rate of decrease of the radius gradually decreases. That is, since the amount of eccentricity is large at the beginning of operation, the contact spring force is also strong. Also, since the radius is large, the sliding speed is high. and,
This is because the contact surface pressure is high because the thickness direction of the indicator is thin. However, as the wear progresses, the rate of change of the radius of wear gradually decreases. Generally, the performance deterioration rate of a mechanical component having a sliding portion including a motor is large at an initial stage, and the change amount gradually decreases. The shape of the index member 7 is such that the speed at which the radius of the index member 7 decreases due to wear can roughly express the performance deterioration of the motor.

(Fourth Embodiment) An application example common to the second embodiment of the present invention is shown as a fourth embodiment. FIG. 6 shows the second embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a change in the indicator of the DC brandless motor of FIG. FIG. 6 shows that in the above-described second embodiment, a change in the height of the fixed index member 6 pressed against the rotating index member 7 on the motor rotor 1 by the force of the leaf spring 5 indicates a lapse of life of the motor. Things. Also in the present embodiment, the amount of change in the height of the indicator 6 gradually decreases as the lifetime elapses. The reason for this is, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, that the spring force becomes weaker as it wears, and that the projections become thicker. The rate at which the speed of the wear height changes matches the rate of motor performance degradation.

Further, in this embodiment, since the pressing is performed by the leaf spring, the angle at which the indicator 6 'comes into contact with the indicator 7' changes with the wear height of the indicator 6 '.
For this reason, the index body 6 'has a shape as if hemispheres are superimposed, so that the contact condition is the same even when the pressing angle of the spring changes.

As described above, by providing a multi-stage life guide to the wear indicator as in the present embodiment, it is possible to grasp the life effect more finely and to utilize the motor for reuse. become able to do. Further, it is apparent that the method of displaying the multi-step guide is not limited to the above-described method, and that other methods such as a scale can be used.

[0045]

As described above, according to the present invention, (1) it is possible to judge the percentage of the motor that has already been operated from the external appearance, and thus the criterion for "reuse" of the motor. Can be. (2) The reliability of the index is improved because the standard of operation of the motor is measured based on the degree of wear under the same conditions as the motor. (3) By displaying the percentage of the motor that has already been operated in multiple stages, the information obtained from the index body becomes finer, and it becomes possible to allocate a reuse destination according to the remaining life of the motor. . This expands the use of reuse.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view for explaining a structure of a motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a structure of an index portion of the motor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view for explaining the structure of a motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view for explaining a structure of an index portion of a motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view illustrating a structure of an index portion of a motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view illustrating a structure of an index portion of a motor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Motor main body 2 Shaft 3 Bearing 4 Pinion 5 Spring which presses a pair of sliding bodies 6 First sliding body 7 Second sliding body

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A motor as a drive device, wherein the motor is provided with an index means for indicating a ratio of an already used operation or a command to a life recognizable from an external appearance. 2. The motor according to claim 1, wherein the display of the index means is generated between a first index body fixed on the motor and a second index body that moves in conjunction with driving of the motor shaft. The motor is characterized by the degree of progress of the wear phenomenon. 3. The motor according to claim 1, wherein the indication of the indicator means is capable of identifying an operating ratio or a remaining life to the life of the motor in a plurality of stages. 4. A first indicator attached to a motor shaft, a second indicator formed with an eccentric hole for accommodating the first indicator, and A motor, comprising: restraint means for resiliently restraining the second index member with respect to the motor shaft while being accommodated in the eccentric hole of the second index member. 5. The motor according to claim 4, wherein the first index member is a cylindrical member, an inner surface of the cylindrical member is fixed to a motor shaft, and an outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical member is the second index member. A motor housed in a part of the inner surface of a body hole in a contact state. 6. The motor according to claim 4, wherein the first indicator is a hollow body, an inner surface of the hollow body is fixed to a motor shaft, and an outer circumferential surface of the hollow body has a size in a radial direction. The different portions are stacked in a step-like substantially conical shape, and the largest portion in the radial direction of the outer peripheral surface of the hollow body is accommodated in a part of the inner surface of the hole of the second indicator body in a contact state. A motor characterized by the following. 7. A second indicator fixed to a tip end of a motor shaft, and a first indicator disposed so as to be pressed in an axial direction of the motor shaft and to elastically contact the second indicator. A motor, comprising: 8. The motor according to claim 7, wherein the first indicator has a hemispherical shape. 9. The motor according to claim 7, wherein the first indicator has a stepped shape in which hemispheres having different sizes are stacked. 10. The motor according to claim 1, wherein the second indicator is formed of a harder material than the first indicator.