JP2000107903A - Lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lathe capable of shortening the depth dimensions necessary for installation while it has a Y axis function. SOLUTION: The lathe is provided with a base 1, a headstock 2 installed on the base 1, an inclined feed base 3, and a tool supporting device 4 to which a turret 6 is installed. The inclined feed base 3 has an inclined guide 3a on its upper face, and advances and retracts on the base 1 relative to the headstock 2. The tool supporting device 4 is installed to the inclined guide 3a of the inclined feed base 3 so that it can freely advance and retract, and performs advancing and retracting motion in the direction X of cut depth of a tool 7. The movement of the tool 7 in Y-axis direction is a resultant motion resulting from the advance and retract of the inclined feed base 3 and the advance and retract of the tool supporting device 4.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lathe having a so-called Y-axis function.
It relates to a device having a Y-axis function.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a lathe such as a turret lathe in which a large number of tools are mounted on a tool post, a part of the tools may be a rotary tool such as a milling tool or a drill tool. In a lathe provided with such a rotary tool, there is a case where it is desired to perform machining at an eccentric position of a work. In this case, a function is required that enables the relative position between the tool rest and the spindle to be changed in the radial direction of the spindle. This changing direction is a direction (Y-axis direction) perpendicular to the cutting direction of the tool post (X-axis direction). For this reason, the above function is called a Y-axis function or the like. When providing this Y-axis function, the tool post may be installed in a column or the like and vertically moved up and down, but in this case, it is necessary to support the weight of the tool post, and a mechanism for supporting the tool post is required. It will be larger. Conventionally, as a solution to this problem, a device using an inclined guide surface, such as the example shown in FIG. 5 and the example shown in FIG. 6, has been proposed.

FIG. 5 shows an example in which a bed 51 is provided with an inclined guide 51a.
Is provided and a feed base 52 is installed. The feed base 52 is an inclined feed base having an upper surface serving as an inclined guide 52a, and a tool support 53 is installed thereon.
Is provided with a turret 54 to which is attached. In the lathe shown in the drawing, movement of the tool 55 in the cutting direction (X-axis direction) with respect to the main shaft 56 is performed by moving the inclined feed table 52 forward and backward. In addition, Y perpendicular to the cutting direction (X-axis direction)
The movement in the axial direction is performed by a combined operation of the movement of the tool support 53 and the movement of the inclined feed table 52. That is, when the tool support 53 is moved in the Y-axis direction by the movement of the tool support 53, the tool support 53 also moves in the X-axis direction. Stand 5
3 is also moved.

FIG. 6 shows an example in which a guide 61a of a bed 61 is a horizontal guide, an inclined feed base 62 is installed thereon, and a tool support 63 is installed on the inclined guide 62a of the inclined feed base 62. is there. A turret 64 to which a tool 65 is attached is installed on the tool support 63. In the lathe shown in the figure, the movement of the tool 65 in the cutting direction (X-axis direction) with respect to the main shaft 66 is performed by the horizontal movement of the inclined feed base 62, and the movement in the Y-axis direction is performed by the movement of the inclined feed base 62 and the tool 53. This operation is performed in combination with the movement.

[0005]

In these lathes, when the tools 55 and 65 are replaced by turning the turrets 54 and 64, the tools 55 and 65 unexpectedly interfere with the work and the like held on the spindles 56 and 66. The tool supports 53, 63 are cut from the spindles 56, 66 in the cutting direction (X
A tool change is performed at a retracted position (origin position) far away in the axial direction). Therefore, a large stroke in the cutting direction (X-axis direction) is required. Tool supports 53, 63
The movement in the cutting direction of the inclined feeder 52, on which the tool supports 53, 63 are mounted,
62 is performed.

[0006] In this case, in the example of FIG.
2 moves horizontally on the bed 61, it is necessary to secure the stroke length in the cutting direction, which is greatly required for tool change, etc., in the depth direction of the lathe as it is, and the occupied area of the lathe increases in the depth direction. Widely needed. In recent years, a reduction in the occupied area has been required for all machine tools, and the example of FIG. 6 is not preferable in terms of the occupied area. FIG.
In the case of the example, since the inclined feed table 52 moves on the inclined guide 51a of the bed 51, the depth direction (X 'direction) of the lathe required to secure the required stroke m in the cutting direction (X-axis direction) ) Length n is the length obtained by multiplying the required stroke m by the cosine of the inclination angle θ ₅₁ of the guide 51a (n = m · coc θ ₅₁ ). Therefore, the occupied floor area of the lathe can be reduced in the depth direction. However, on the inclined guide 51a, an inclined feeder 52a having an inclined guide 52a is further installed, and the second-stage inclined guide 52a is provided.
In order to prevent the support load of the tool support 53 from increasing, the inclination guide 52 is provided.
It is necessary to avoid that a becomes too steep. Therefore, it is impossible to excessively increase the inclination angle theta ₅₁ of the guide 51a of the bed 51, therefore, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient effect of reducing the footprint by the inclination of the guide 51a of the bed 51.

An object of the present invention is to provide a lathe which has a function of displacing a tool in a radial direction of a main shaft and can reduce a depth dimension required for installation. Another object of the present invention is to achieve the above object in a turret lathe. Yet another object of the invention is to provide a balanced lathe for both reducing the depth dimension and supporting the weight of the tool support on the inclined guide.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A lathe according to the present invention has a base, a headstock mounted on the base, and an inclined guide on an upper surface, and moves back and forth on the base with respect to the headstock. An inclined feed base, and a tool support base which is installed on the inclined guide of the inclined feed base so as to be capable of moving forward and backward, and moves in a cutting direction with respect to the axis of the main spindle by moving in a direction along the inclined guide. is there. According to the lathe having this configuration, the tool mounted on the tool support is moved in the cutting direction by moving the tool support along the inclined guide of the inclined feed while the inclined feed is stopped. The movement of the tool mounted on the tool support in the radial direction of the spindle is performed by a combined movement of the forward and backward movement of the inclined feed base on the base and the forward and backward movement of the tool support base on the inclined guide of the inclined feed base. Will be In other words, the tool support is moved in the radial direction of the main spindle by the reciprocation of the inclined feed base, but the tool support also moves in the cutting direction with respect to the main spindle with this movement. By moving the tool support on the inclined feeder in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the inclined feeder, the tool supporter can be moved in the radial direction of the spindle without changing the position in the cutting direction. In the lathe having this configuration, the movement of the tool in the cutting direction is performed by moving the tool support on the inclined guide of the inclined feeder. On the other hand, the required width on the floor surface may be a length multiplied by the cosine of the inclination angle of the inclined guide. Further, since the inclination angle can be set to a relatively large angle without stacking the inclination guides, the effect of reducing the floor surface width due to the length of the cosine can be obtained greatly. In addition, the inclined feed bar is moved forward and backward in order to move the tool in the spindle radial direction, but the length required for the tool to move in the spindle radial direction is small, and since the maximum is about the work diameter,
The moving range of the inclined feeder can be small. For these reasons, the floor width (that is, depth dimension) in the cutting direction required for installation of the lathe in consideration of the necessary moving range of each machine can be sufficiently reduced.

In the present invention, a turret may be installed on the tool support, and a tool may be mounted on the turret.
When the turret is installed, the turning length of the turret increases the stroke length of the tool support in the cutting direction. Therefore, the effect of reducing the depth dimension by moving the tool support base in the cutting direction on the inclined feed base is effective.

In the present invention, the tilt guide of the tilt feeder may have a tilt angle of about 45 ° with respect to a horizontal plane. When the angle is set to 45 ° in this manner, both the reduction of the depth dimension due to the inclination of the guide on the inclined feeder and the prevention of the increase in the support weight of the tool support base due to the increase in the angle of the inclined guide are prevented. The result is a well-balanced lathe.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, the lathe includes a base 1, a headstock 2 installed on the base 1,
An inclined feeder 3 having an inclined guide 3a on the upper surface and moving forward and backward on the base 1 with respect to the headstock 2 is provided with a tool support 4 installed on the inclined guide 3a of the inclined feeder 3 so as to be able to move forward and backward. .
A turret 6 is installed on the tool support 4 so as to be able to turn around a horizontal axis parallel to the spindle 5 installed on the headstock 2. The main shaft 5 is configured such that a long bar-shaped work can be inserted therein. A plurality of tools 7 are installed on the outer periphery of the turret 6, and some of the tools 7 are used as rotating tools such as milling tools and drill tools.

The base 1 is mainly composed of a bed 8. The headstock 2 is installed on a bed 8. In this case, the headstock 2 is installed along a guide 14 provided on the bed 8 so as to be able to advance and retreat in the spindle axis direction (Z-axis direction), and is driven forward and backward by a headstock advance / retreat drive device 15. The headstock advance / retreat drive device 15 includes a ball screw, a servomotor, and the like. A guide 9 for guiding the inclined feeder 3 in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the main shaft 5 on the upper surface of the base 1, that is, on the upper surface of the bed 8.
a is provided. In addition, the bed 8 has an inclined feeder 3
A tilting feed table advance / retreat drive device 12 including a ball screw, a servo motor, and the like for moving the axis forward and backward is provided.

The inclined feeder 3 provides a so-called Y-axis function. The inclined guide 3a is provided on the upper surface, and a tool support table advance / retreat drive device 13 is provided. Incline guide 3
“a” guides the tool support 4 so as to be able to advance and retreat in the cutting direction (X-axis direction) with respect to the axis of the main shaft 5 and is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal plane. This inclination angle θ is
Preferably about 45 °. Tool support base advance / retreat drive device 13
Consists of a ball screw, a servomotor, and the like. In addition,
The inclined guide 3a and each of the guides 8a and 9a may be a sliding guide or a rolling guide. Further, these guides 3a, 8a, 9a do not necessarily have to extend in a rail shape. For example, a member on the other side is a rail shape member, and is relatively movable with respect to this rail shape member. May be configured by a member that engages with.

The tool support 4 is a feed table that supports the tool 7 directly or via a tool post. In this example,
The tool support 4 supports the turret 6 as a tool rest so as to be able to swivel, and the turret 6 is positioned so that a desired tool station S on the outer peripheral surface of the turret 6 can be indexed at an angle corresponding to the main shaft 5. A turret turning mechanism (not shown) for turning is installed. The tool rest installed on the tool support 4 may be, for example, a tool on which a plurality of tools are installed and a desired tool is indexed by sliding movement in addition to the turret 6. Further, the tool support 5 may have a plurality of tools mounted on itself.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the lathe. This lathe is configured as a facing two-axis lathe, and is a single-axis lathe part composed of the headstock 2 described with reference to FIG. 1, the base feed bar 9, the inclined feed bar 3, the tool support bar 4, the turret 6, and the like. 20 is
A pair is installed on the bed 1 so as to face the main shaft axis direction Z. The bed 1 may be provided commonly to both single lathe portions 20 or may be provided separately. However, in detail, the single-axis lathe portion shown in FIG. 1 is the right-side single-axis lathe portion 20 in FIG. 2, and the left-side single-axis lathe portion 20 is a right-side single-axis lathe portion 20 in the following components. Is different. In the single-axis lathe part 20 on the left side, as shown in FIG. 4, the base 1 can advance and retreat on a bed 8 and a guide 8a provided on the bed 8 and parallel to the main axis direction (Z-axis direction). And a base unit feed stand 9. The headstock 2 is fixedly installed on a bed 8. The base unit feed base 9 is driven forward and backward by a Z-axis forward and backward drive device 10 including a ball screw and a servomotor. A guide 9 a for guiding the inclined feed base 3 in a horizontal direction orthogonal to the main shaft 5 is provided on the upper surface of the base base feed base 9. Also,
An inclined feed base advance / retreat drive device 12 including a ball screw for moving the inclined feed base 3 back and forth, a servomotor, and the like is provided. In addition, the spindle 5 to which the headstock 2 is fixed does not allow a long bar-shaped work to be inserted, but holds a short work. In other configurations, the left and right single-axis lathe portions 20 and 20 have the same configuration (however, left-right symmetry).
It is. Note that the left and right single-axis lathe portions 20 may be arranged to be opposite to each other. Headstock 2 of one single-spindle lathe part 20
Can be moved because, for example, when performing parting-off processing, the workpiece W gripped by the spindle 5 of the single-axis lathe portion 20 on one side can be simultaneously gripped by the opposite main spindles 5 and 5, or both sides can be gripped. This is for the case where the workpiece W is directly changed between the main spindles 5 and 5.

The operation of the above configuration will be described. This lathe
The movement of the tool 7 attached to the turret 6 in the cutting direction (X-axis direction) is performed by moving the tool support 4 forward and backward along the inclined guide 3a of the inclined feed base 3 while the inclined feed base 3 is stopped. Will be As a result of this movement, the tool 7 moves in the cutting direction with respect to the axis of the main shaft 5 at normal times, that is, when the Y-axis function is not used. The movement of the tool 7 in the main spindle radial direction (Y-axis direction) perpendicular to the cutting direction (X-axis direction) is performed by moving the inclined feed base 3 forward and backward on the base 1 and on the inclined guide 3 a of the inclined feed base 3. This is performed by a combined movement with the forward and backward movement of the tool support 4. That is, the tool 7 moves together with the tool support 4 in the Y-axis direction by the reciprocation of the inclined feed base 3, and the tool support 4 moves in the cutting direction X with respect to the main shaft 5 with this movement. Will move. Therefore, the tool 7 can be moved in the Y-axis direction without changing the cutting direction position by moving the tool support base 4 on the inclined feed base 3 in the direction opposite to the direction in which the inclined feed base 3 moves forward and backward. The movement of the tool 7 in the spindle direction (Z-axis direction), that is, the feed operation in turning, is performed by moving the headstock 2 in one of the single-axis lathe portions 20, and the base portion in the other single-axis lathe portion 20. This is performed by moving the feed stand 9.

The dimensional effects of the lathe will be described with reference to FIG. In the lathe having this configuration, the tool 7 is moved in the cutting direction X by moving the tool support 4 on the inclined guide 3 a of the inclined feed base 3. Therefore, for the stroke length a in the cutting direction where a long stroke length is required for tool change or the like (FIG. 3B), the required width on the floor surface is:
The length b (= a) obtained by multiplying the cosine of the inclination angle θ of the inclination guide 3a
・ Cos θ). The inclined feed base 3 is moved forward and backward to move the tool 7 in the main spindle radial direction Y. However, the length required for the movement of the tool 7 in the main spindle radial direction Y is small, and is approximately equal to the work diameter at the maximum. The moving range of the inclined feed base 3 can be small. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the depth dimension (the floor width in the cutting direction) required for installing the lathe in consideration of the required moving range of each of the tables 3 and 4. In this case, since the guide 9a for supporting the inclined feed base 3 of the base 1 is substantially horizontal, only one step of the inclined guide is required, and the inclined guide as shown in the example of FIG. Angle of inclination θ with respect to horizontal plane
Can be set to a steep angle to some extent. for that reason,
The effect of reducing the depth dimension due to the inclination can be greatly obtained. Further, since the guide 9a of the base 1 is horizontal, FIG.
The rigidity is easily ensured as compared with the inclined bed 51 as in the example of (1).

The tilt angle θ of the tilt guide 3a of the tilt feed base 3
Is preferably about 45 ° with respect to the horizontal plane. When the angle is 45 °, the inclination guide 3a is inclined to reduce the depth dimension, and the inclination guide 3a
In addition to preventing an increase in the support weight of the tool support 4 due to the steepening of the angle, the turning lathe is balanced.

[0019]

A lathe according to the present invention has an inclined guide on the upper surface and moves forward and backward on the base with respect to the headstock. The lathe is installed so as to be able to move forward and backward on the inclined guide of the inclined feeder. It is equipped with a tool support base that moves forward and backward in the cutting direction with respect to the axis of the spindle by moving in the direction along the guide, so it is necessary for installation while having the function of displacing the tool in the radial direction of the spindle. Depth can be reduced. When a turret is installed on the tool support and a tool is mounted on the turret, the effect of reducing the depth dimension is more effective. When the inclined guide of the inclined feeder has an inclination angle of approximately 45 ° with respect to the horizontal plane, both the reduction of the depth dimension and the weight support of the tool support on the inclined guide are balanced. It becomes a lathe that has been removed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a left side view of a right portion of a two-axis lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the lathe.

FIG. 3A is a schematic side view of the lathe, and FIG. 3B is an explanatory diagram of its dimensional relationship.

FIG. 4 is a right side view of another left portion of the two-axis lathe.

FIG. 5A is a side view of a conventional example, and FIG. 5B is an explanatory diagram of a dimensional relationship thereof.

FIG. 6 is a side view of another conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Base 2 ... Headstock 3 ... Incline feed 3a ... Incline guide 4 ... Tool support 5 ... Spindle 6 ... Turret 7 ... Tool 8 ... Bed 8a ... Guide 12 ... Incline feed slide advance / retreat drive 13 ... Tool support Advancing / retracting drive θ: tilt angle

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A base, a headstock installed on the base, an inclined feeder having an inclined guide on an upper surface, and moving forward and backward on the base with respect to the headstock; A lathe provided with a tool support that is installed on the inclined guide so as to be able to move forward and backward, and that moves in the cutting direction with respect to the axis of the main spindle by moving in the direction along the inclined guide. 2. A turret is installed on the tool support,
The lathe according to claim 1, wherein a tool is attached to the turret. 3. The lathe according to claim 1, wherein the inclined guide of the inclined feeder has an inclination angle of about 45 ° with respect to a horizontal plane.