JP2000005967A - Machine tool with cover fitting/removing mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To quickly fit or remove a cover by providing a cover connecting member clamping or unclamping the cover mounted on a pallet interlockingly with the clamping/unclamping actions of the pallet on the pallet. SOLUTION: A shifting tool 26 for hooking a cover 12 is held while it is stopped at the fixed position on the main spindle 8 of a spindle head 9 after an automatic tool change. When a pallet 1 is set to an unclamped state, levers 15, 22 are rotated around shafts 16, 23 and are separated from the cover 12. The cover 12 is merely mounted on the pallet 1. When the spindle head 9 is axially moved upward, the hook of the shifting tool 26 is hooked on the hook section 12a of the cover 12, the cover 12 is moved to a position higher than a work on the pallet 1 in height, then the pallet 1 is carried out to the outside of this machine by a pallet carrying-in/out device.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine tool provided with an automatic attachment / detachment mechanism for a cover disposed on a work fixing portion or a pallet in a machining center or a machining center with an automatic pallet changing device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 7 is a side view showing an example of a cover arranged on a pallet of a machining center with an automatic pallet changing device (hereinafter, the automatic pallet changing device is referred to as APC). This example is of a general structure with APC specification in a vertical machining center.

A work fixing device 102 is placed on a pallet 101
Are fixed, and the work 103 is further fixed thereon. The pallet 101 is seated on a seat block 107 on a table 106 by a cylinder (not shown) via a pallet clamp plate 104 and is clamped to the table 106. Roller bearings 105 are attached to the pallet clamp plate 104 for pallet conveyance when changing pallets. A rotatable spindle 108 is provided on the spindle head 109, and a tool can be clamped on a tapered portion (not shown) on the spindle 108. A ring 110 holding a cutting fluid nozzle 111 is fixed to the spindle head 109.

On the pallet 101, a cover 112 is provided around the work fixing device 104 and the work 105. The cover 112 is provided to prevent scattering of cuttings and cutting water during cutting in wet cutting during cutting inside the machine. By fixing a hose (not shown) to the cover 112 and connecting the end thereof to a dust collector (not shown), the chips generated by the dry cutting are positively collected in a dry state, and the chips are accumulated inside the machine. May be provided for the purpose of minimizing.

[0005] In the case of a machining center with an APC, the cover 112 is attached to two or more pallets which are automatically changed to prevent chips from being scattered, cutting water from being wet during wet cutting, and to the inside of the machine. Achieves the goal of minimizing the accumulation of swarf. And cover 1
In the case of fixing the hose to 12 and connecting the end to a dust collecting device to collect the chips positively, similarly, attach the cover to all the two or more pallets that are automatically changed, The above objectives have been achieved.

When a work material to be cut is fixed on a pallet (hereinafter referred to as a standby pallet) on the outside of the machine before being automatically replaced, the cover 112 is obstructed and removed to fix the work material. And then reattach. Also, in a pallet that has been cut, has been automatically replaced, and has been carried out from the inside of the machine to the outside, the cover 112 may be obstructed when the work material is removed, and may be removed.

[0007] Even in a machining center without an APC device, a cover for preventing scattering of chips and cutting water is provided near the work fixing portion on the table. When replacing a work, the cover is removed each time and a new work is fixed. Afterwards, it is necessary to set the cover again, which is one of the causes of lowering the processing efficiency.

[0008]

In a machining center equipped with an APC, when a cover for preventing the scattering of chips and the scattering of cutting water during wet cutting is arranged on a pallet to achieve the purpose, two sheets and a plurality of covers are required. It must be attached to all pallets to be automatically changed further, and covers are required for the number of pallets. In addition, the work tends to be an obstacle when attaching or detaching the work material, and in each case, it is necessary to remove the cover, fix the work material, and then attach the work material again.

Therefore, as a problem of the prior art, in a machining center with an APC, in order to achieve the purpose by disposing a cover such as a chip scattering prevention on a pallet, it is necessary to provide the same number of covers as the number of pallets. There is a problem that the cover must be detached when attaching or detaching.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, a cover attaching / detaching mechanism is provided on a machine tool. The invention according to claim 1 is a machine tool provided with an automatic pallet changing device, wherein A cover connecting member connected to a clamp mechanism for clamping and unclamping a cover placed on the pallet on the pallet in conjunction with a pallet clamping / unclamping operation, and a cover transferring member for transferring the cover It is.

According to the present invention, the clamp of the cover is released in conjunction with the rise of the pallet after the processing, and the cover is moved from the pallet, and the processed pallet is carried out of the machine together with the work. Subsequently, a new pallet with the clamps fixed is carried in, the cover is immediately mounted on the new pallet, and the cover is fixed in conjunction with the lowering of the pallet, so that the wasted time until processing is started again can be reduced. .

The cover connecting member is fixed to a side surface of the pallet, and a first guide provided with an axial guide groove perpendicular to the vertical movement direction of the pallet; and a pallet clamp plate for positioning the pallet. A second guide provided with a shaft guide groove perpendicular to the vertical movement direction of the pallet, and a shaft engaged with the shaft guide groove fixed to the second guide and rotatable about a fixed shaft on a work table; And a lever that is formed so as to engage with the pallet clamp plate in conjunction with the clamping and unclamping operations of the pallet clamp plate. It has been clamped.

Since the cover attaching / detaching mechanism of the present invention is a lever mechanism linked to the raising / lowering of the pallet, the operation of fixing and releasing the cover is simple and the waste time is small.

The cover transfer member can be easily transferred by a hand constituted by a cylinder block. In the present invention, a cover is transferred by fitting a transfer tool to the main shaft using a function of a main shaft whose position is controlled in the machine. Therefore, there is no need to introduce and install a special transfer means inside the machine. The cover may be a single cover used for the pallet in the machine, and the work can be easily removed.

A cover having a plate-like guide provided on the upper side of the pallet by the cover connecting member, a holed guide provided with a positioning hole perforated and projecting outward, and a hook at a lower center of the side of the pallet; And a fixed guide symmetrically fixed on the pallet so as to be engaged with the plate-shaped guide portion and positioned in one direction of the cover, and a connecting pin is inserted by sharing a hole and a through hole of the holed guide. A first hook portion, comprising a fixed guide with a hole fixed to the pallet so as to be positionable in another direction, wherein the cover transfer member is detachably attached to a main shaft and is engaged with a shaft portion of the connecting pin; A second hook portion engaging with the hook portion of the cover and enabling the cover to be transferred is formed in a single tool.

[0016] In the case of a machining center having no APC, there is no pallet, so that the vertical movement of the pallet cannot be used. Therefore, there is a relationship in which the position between the work fixing portion and the cover is determined by the connecting member including the guide pin. A pin connected by a tool fitted to the main shaft is pulled out, a hooked portion of the same tool is hooked on a hook of the cover and horizontally moved to disengage the guide, and the tool is moved upward to transfer the cover.

Therefore, the cover can be transferred using the positioning mechanism of the main shaft, so that there is no need to provide any special transfer means in the machine. Also, the cover may be one for the work fixing portion on the table, and the entire cover is removed, so that setting of the work is easy. Since the work fixing part and the cover are connected by two guides and one pin, the structure is simple and strong.

A first hook into which a positioning pin can be inserted and withdrawn in a single tool; and a first hook which engages with a hook portion of the cover after the removal and is horizontally moved to separate from the fixed guide, and can be lifted and carried out. Since the two hooks are formed integrally and a series of operations are performed using the positioning function of the main shaft, there is no need to provide special cover transfer means inside the machine.

[0019]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments and operations of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. [Embodiment 1] FIG. 1 is a front view of the invention according to claims 1, 2 and 3 applied to a vertical machining center with APC, and FIG. 2 is a side view thereof. The constituent members (bearing 5, table 6, seating block, ring 10, cutting fluid nozzle 11) of the pallet positioning portion are the same as those described in the related art, and thus description thereof is omitted.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, the first guide 13 is symmetrically fixed on two parallel sides of the pallet 1 and near two ridges formed by the two sides intersecting with the other side. The first guide 13 is provided with a shaft guide groove which engages with the shaft 14 in the same direction as the parallel side surface and perpendicular to the vertical movement direction of the pallet 1. Further, a second guide 20 is fixed to a pallet clamp plate 4 (FIG. 2) at a central portion of another side surface of the pallet 1 parallel to the other side surface.
A shaft guide groove is formed in the guide in the same direction as the other side surface and perpendicular to the vertical movement direction of the pallet 1.

Provided are levers 15 and 22 having the shafts 16 and 23 on the supports 19 and 24 fixed to the table 6 as the center of rotation. The lower ends of the cover 12 are bent by the levers and plate rubber 25 is used.
Is pressed to fix the cover on the pallet 1.

The levers 15 and 22 interlock with the vertical movement of the pallet 1 and pivot about the shafts 16 and 23. The shafts 14 and 21 slide in the shaft guide grooves, and the shafts 14 and 21 rise. Pallet 1
At the upper limit of the rise, the levers 15 and 22 are turned around and separated from the cover 12. The lever 12 is held in position by a shaft 16, a disc spring 17 (FIG. 2), and a nut 18. When the pallet 1 descends, the reverse operation is performed.
5 and 22 fix the cover 12 on the pallet 1.

A hook 12a is formed on the upper side of the cover 12.
Is provided for use during transport. The hook 26a of the transfer tool 26 detachable from the main shaft 8 is
The cover 12 can be placed at a predetermined position on the pallet 1 by being transferred by engaging with a.

Next, the operation of attaching and detaching the cover arranged on the pallet with the above-described configuration in the automatic pallet changing operation will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 3A shows a state of an initial stage for attaching and detaching the cover during the automatic pallet changing operation. Automatic tool change at a position (not shown)
With the fixed position stopped on the main shaft 8, the transfer tool 26 for hooking the cover 12 is gripped. Thereafter, the spindle head 9 or the table 6 is axially moved as indicated by the arrow shown in the figure, and the state shown in the figure is reached. In this state, the cover 12 is pressed and fixed to the pallet 1 by the levers 15 and 22 via the plate rubber 25.

Next, in FIG. 3 (b), the pallet 1 is set to the unclamped state, so that the levers 15 and 22
By turning around the fulcrums 6 and 23, the cover 12 is separated from the cover 12. The cover 12 is only placed on the pallet 1.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG.
Is moved upward to move the hook 26 of the transfer tool 26.
a is hooked on the hook portion 12a of the cover 12, the cover 12 is moved to a position higher than the height of the work on the pallet 1 (not shown), and then the pallet 1 is carried out of the machine by a pallet carrying-in / out device (not shown). FIG.
By performing the operations shown in (a) to (c) in reverse, the standby pallet can be carried into the machine, the cover 12 can be fixed on the pallet again, and the cover disposed on the pallet can be detached. This can be performed during the automatic pallet changing operation.

[Embodiment 2] FIG. 4 is a front view of the invention according to the fourth, fifth, and sixth aspects applied to a vertical machining center with an APC, and FIG. 5 is a side view thereof. Since the table on which the spindle and the work are mounted is a general machining center having a configuration capable of relative movement, a general description of the configuration is omitted.

In FIGS. 4 and 5, a lower portion of a parallel side surface of a cover 29, which is formed by four side surfaces, lacking the upper and lower plate members, is formed by intersecting the two side surfaces with another side surface. A plate-like guide 29b is fixed symmetrically protruding outward at a lower position between the two ridge lines, and a positioning hole is drilled at the center lower part of another side surface parallel to the other side surface to form an outward direction. And a holed guide 29a is provided to protrude therefrom. A hook portion 29c is fixed to the center upper portion of the side surface of the cover 29 where the hole guide 29a is provided.

The cover 29 is placed on the pallet 1 and positioned. The outer ends of the plate-like guides 29b protruding outward from the cover 29 are correspondingly restricted in position from outside by fixed guides 28 provided on the pallet 1, so that the plate-like guides can also be guided upward. Fixed guide 28
Is bent to form a shape. The position of the cover 29 is determined by the insertion of the positioning pin 30 between the hole of the hole guide 29a of the cover 29 and the hole of the hole fixed guide 27 fixed to the pallet 1.

The transfer tool 31 detachable from the main shaft 8 has a first hook 31a and a second hook 31b. The first hook engages with the shaft portion of the positioning pin 30 and extends from the cover 29 and the guide hole of the pallet 1. The positioning pin is detachable. Further, when the transfer tool 31 is raised, the second hook 31b is engaged with the hook portion 29c, and the cover 29 can be transferred.

Next, the operation of attaching and detaching the cover arranged on the pallet by the axial movement of the spindle head 9 with the above-described structure will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 6A shows a state of a preparation stage for attaching and detaching the cover. Automatic tool change is performed at a position (not shown), and the transfer tool 31 is gripped in a state where the tool is stopped at a fixed position on the spindle 8 of the spindle head 9. Thereafter, a table (not shown) on which the spindle head 9 to the pallet 1 are placed is axially moved as shown by an arrow in the drawing, and the positioning pin 30 is positioned between the first hooks 31a of the transfer tool 31 as shown in the drawing.

Next, in FIG. 6B, the first hook 31a of the tool 31 pulls the pin 30 out of the respective holes of the fixed guide 27 and the perforated guide 29a by axially moving the spindle head 9 upward. Then, the second hook 31b is set in the hook portion 29c of the cover 29.

Next, as shown by arrows in FIG. 6C, the spindle head 9 and the table are axially moved in the horizontal direction, and the plate-shaped guide 29b of the cover 29 is moved from the fixed guide 28 fixed to the pallet 1. The state shown in the drawing is taken out.

Next, in FIG. 6D, the spindle head 9
The cover 29 can be removed from the pallet 1 by axially moving. By performing the operations shown in FIGS. 6A to 6D in reverse, the cover 29 can be fixed to the pallet 1 again, and the cover arranged on the pallet can be detached by moving the feed shaft. It becomes possible.

The above-described operation can be incorporated in the automatic pallet changing operation, and the attachment / detachment of the cover arranged on the pallet can be processed in the automatic pallet changing operation. It should be noted that the same configuration can be applied to a machining center without an APC mechanism.

As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIGS. 4 to 6, when a cover for preventing the scattering of chips is arranged on a pallet, the pallet inside the machine is used. By simply providing one, the object can be achieved without attaching to all the standby pallets, and the work material can be attached or detached without attaching / detaching the cover.

[0039]

According to the present invention, in a machining center equipped with an APC or a machining center configured so that a spindle and a work table can move relative to each other, when a cover is arranged on a pallet to prevent chips from scattering, the number of covers is equal to the number of pallets. Since there is no need to prepare, the cost can be reduced, and the workability can be improved because there is no need to remove and attach the cover when attaching or detaching the work material.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view when the present invention (claims 1, 2, and 3) is implemented in a vertical machining center with APC.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the example shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the attaching / detaching operation of the cover according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a front view when the present invention (claims 4 and 5) is implemented in a machining center with APC.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the example shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of the attaching / detaching operation of the cover according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a side view showing an embodiment of the prior art in the case of a vertical machining center with APC.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 Pallet 2 Work fixture 3 Work 4 Pallet clamp plate 6 Table 8 Main shaft 12, 29 Cover 12a, 29c Hook portion 13 First guide 14, 16, 21, 23 shaft 15, 22 Lever 17 Disc spring 18 Nut 19, 24 Support Reference Signs List 20 second guide 25 plate rubber 26, 31 transfer tool 26a hook part 27 fixed guide with hole 28 fixed guide 29a guide with hole 29b plate-shaped guide 30 positioning pin 31a first hook 31b second hook

Claims (3)

[Claims] In a machine tool provided with an automatic pallet changing device, a cover that is connected to a pallet clamping mechanism and clamps and unclamps a cover placed on the pallet in conjunction with a pallet clamping / unclamping operation. A machine tool including a cover detaching mechanism including a connecting member and a cover transfer member that transfers the cover. 2. A first guide in which the cover connecting member is fixed on a side surface of the pallet and a shaft guide groove is formed vertically in a vertical movement direction of the pallet, and a pallet clamp plate for positioning the pallet. A second guide in which an axial guide groove is formed perpendicularly to the vertical movement direction of the pallet;
A pallet clamp plate, comprising: a lever having a shaft engaged with the shaft guide groove fixed thereto, the lever being pivotable about a fixed shaft on a worktable and capable of engaging with the cover. The machine tool with a cover attaching / detaching mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the shaft engaging portions of the first guide and the second guide are raised in conjunction with the operation, and the cover is clamped and unclamped by the turning operation of the lever. 3. A plate-like guide provided with the cover connecting member protruding above the side surface of the pallet, a holed guide provided with a positioning hole perforated and protruding outward, and a hook at the lower center of the side surface. A cover having a fixed guide symmetrically fixed on the pallet so as to be positioned in one direction of the cover by engaging with the plate-shaped guide portion, and a connecting pin sharing a hole and a through-hole of the holed guide. And a fixed guide with a hole fixed to the pallet so that the cover transfer member can be inserted into the pallet so as to be positioned in the other direction. The first hook in which the cover transfer member is detachable from the main shaft and is engaged with the shaft of the connection pin. The machine tool provided with a cover attaching / detaching mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a portion and a second hook portion that engages with the hook portion of the cover and enables the cover to be transferred are formed in a single tool.