JP2000096082A - Detergent of oil aggregating and separating type - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the subject detergent capable of readily cleaning an oil and recovering and reutilizing the oil by dissolving a specific surfactant, a coconut oil alkyl sulfate, sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide in water. SOLUTION: This detergent is obtained by dissolving (A) 0.005-0.2 pt.wt. of a surfactant having fluoroalkyl groups in hydrophobic groups (preferably an anionic or an amphoteric surfactant), (B) 1-9 pts.wt. of a coconut oil alkyl sulfate, (C) 15-35 pts.wt. of sodium silicate and (D) 4-14 pts.wt. of sodium hydroxide in water. The detergent is preferably prepared by dissolving the ingredients A to D in warm water of an amount about twice the total amount of the ingredients A to D. The resultant detergent is a stock solution and is preferably used as a cleaning liquid by diluting the stock solution 10-fold with water. The detergent is capable of peeling the oil sticking to the surface of an article, aggregating oil droplets, separating the oil droplets from water and thereby readily recovering the oil. As a result, the oil can repetitively be reutilized and the detergent is thereby economical without causing environmental pollution.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a detergent having a function of removing oil and mud in metal machinery and petroleum facilities, washing oil and fat adhering to precision parts and electronic products, and coagulating the oil.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the metal machinery industry, cutting oil adheres to a machined part and it is necessary to remove it. In addition, it is required to wash old oil when folding machine tools and tools to periodically refuel. These cleanings include:
Physical cleaning with high frequency, ultrasonic, high pressure water flow, or aqueous cleaning with surfactant, alkali, CFC-based solvent,
Chemical cleaning such as non-aqueous (solvent) cleaning with a hydrocarbon solvent, and in many cases, physical cleaning and chemical cleaning are used in combination.

[0003] In the case of water-based washing, the oil is stripped off from the surface of the contaminated article by the washing action of a surfactant or alkali, the penetrating action, the dispersing action, the emulsifying action, and the solubilizing action. Pour away. For non-aqueous cleaning,
The oil on the surface of the contaminated article is dissolved away by the solvent. Therefore, the waste liquid after washing contains oil in both aqueous washing and non-aqueous washing. The waste liquid from the aqueous cleaning is generally discarded without being collected and reused. Since the waste liquid contains a surfactant and an alkali, and further contains an oil emulsified or dispersed, the waste liquid is discharged into a clean water through a waste water treatment step. On the other hand, the solvent after use of the non-aqueous cleaning is separated into oil and returned to a clean solvent for reuse.

[0004]

The treatment of waste liquid in water-based washing requires a large-scale treatment apparatus, and requires considerable labor for the treatment. On the other hand, in the non-aqueous washing, the solvent is volatilized and leaks, which causes pollution and deterioration of the working environment. Further, the distillation apparatus for separating oil from the used solvent is an enormous facility.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a problem in the conventional chemical cleaning, and can easily clean oil, recover oil, and reuse it.
An object of the present invention is to provide a detergent with low environmental pollution.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The oil-aggregation separation type detergent according to the present invention, which has been made to achieve the above object, has a surfactant having a fluoroalkyl group as a hydrophobic group of 0.005 to 0.5.
2 parts by weight, 1 to 9 parts by weight of coconut oil alkyl sulfate, 15 to 35 parts by weight of sodium silicate, and 4 to 14 parts by weight of sodium hydroxide are dissolved in water.

[0007] The surfactant having a fluoroalkyl group as a hydrophobic group is preferably an anionic surfactant. Examples of the anionic surfactant having a fluoroalkyl group as a hydrophobic group include sodium fluoroalkylsulfonate and sodium fluoroalkylcarboxylate.

The surfactant having a fluoroalkyl group as a hydrophobic group may be an amphoteric surfactant. An amphoteric surfactant having a fluoroalkyl group as a hydrophobic group includes, for example, fluoroalkyl betaine. Although the surfactant having a fluoroalkyl group as a hydrophobic group is anionic,
It is necessary to have an anionic group even if it is amphoteric.

If the amount of the surfactant having a fluoroalkyl group as a hydrophobic group is less than 0.005 parts by weight, the surfactant penetrates between the surface of the object to be cleaned and the oil, and the power to peel off the oil from the surface is insufficient. Resulting in. If the amount is more than 0.2 parts by weight, the oil and the surfactant form micelles and are dispersed, so that the oil does not aggregate.

Palm oil alkyl sulfates are anionic surfactants and are sodium sulfate salts of long-chain primary alcohols whose main component is lauryl alcohol. If the amount of this component is less than 1 part by weight, the detergency will be insufficient, while if it is more than 9 parts by weight, the washed oil will not be dispersed and emulsified by its emulsifying action and will not aggregate, which is rather undesirable.

[0013] Sodium silicate is a surfactant having a fluoroalkyl group as a hydrophobic group and an auxiliary agent for enhancing the surface activity of coconut oil alkyl sulfate. Both sodium metasilicate and sodium orthosilicate can be used. It is preferable to mix both. The mixing amount is preferably in the above range, but more preferably 10 to 20 parts by weight of sodium metasilicate and 5 to 5 parts by weight of sodium orthosilicate.
Mix at a rate of １５15 parts by weight.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. The oil-aggregation separation type detergent of the present invention comprises the surfactant having a fluoroalkyl group as a hydrophobic group by weight, a coconut oil alkyl sulfate, sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide in an amount of about twice the total amount of the raw materials. In warm water to prepare a stock solution. In addition, it is preferable to use each raw material which is previously dissolved in an appropriate amount of water as needed. This detergent stock solution is diluted 10 times with water to make a washing solution.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the article 5 to which the oil 1 has adhered is immersed in the washing liquid 3, the washing liquid 3 permeates the interface between the article 5 and the oil 1. The oil component 1 is separated from the article 5 to form an oil droplet 2 and floats in the cleaning liquid 3, and forms an oil component layer 4 on the surface thereof and agglomerates. At this time, the oil droplets 2 of the oil component are subdivided, dispersed and emulsified only slightly, and mostly float as large droplets.

In this state, only the surface oil layer 4 is emptied, and the article 5 is taken out of the cleaning liquid 3. Since the cleaning liquid 3 contains only a small amount of oil, the article 5 is taken out without recontamination. The washing liquid 3 is reused as it is.
When the number of reuses increases and the concentration of the detergent component decreases, the detergent stock solution is slightly further dissolved and reused.
The oil recovered from the surface of the cleaning liquid 3 is treated according to a normal waste oil treatment.

An example of actually producing the oil-aggregation separation type detergent of the present invention and conducting a washing test is described below.

Prior to the preparation of the stock solution of detergent, Phagent 150 (manufactured by Neos Co., Ltd .: 100% active ingredient) is used as an anionic surfactant having a fluoroalkyl group as a hydrophobic group.
Was diluted 100 times with water to prepare a 1% aqueous solution of Futergent 150.

The detergent stock solution was prepared with the following composition. 1% aqueous solution of Phantagent 150 10 g Sodium salt of coconut oil alkyl sulfate (manufactured by Asahi Denka Co., Ltd.) 50 g Sodium metasilicate 150 g Sodium orthosilicate 100 g Sodium hydroxide 90 g These ingredients are dissolved in water to make 1 L. Obtained.

A 100 mL portion of this undiluted detergent solution was diluted to 1 L with water to obtain a washing solution. 100g gravel as contaminated goods
Was immersed in heavy oil and taken out. This contaminated gravel is 150 g, which is heavy oil to which an increased amount (50 g) is attached. The contaminated gravel was immersed in the washing solution and stirred for 5 minutes so as not to foam slowly. Thereafter, the oil layer floating on the surface of the cleaning liquid was gently removed.
The gravel was washed with water, dried and collected.

From the appearance of the collected gravel, no oil could be observed. As a precautionary measure, exposure to the flame showed a slight burning odor, indicating that a slight amount of oil remained on the surface. Therefore, the gravel was immersed again in the used washing liquid and slowly stirred for 10 minutes. Here, no oil layer floating on the surface of the cleaning liquid could be observed. When the gravel was taken out and exposed to a flame, there was no burning odor, and no burning was observed on the surface after burning.

According to this oil-aggregation separation type detergent, oil contamination of precision mechanical parts, optical parts and electronic parts, and grease stuck to gears and bearings can be removed only by immersion. In addition, oil can be easily removed by spraying, so large machinery and equipment, such as rust in oil tanks, washing of a mixture of water and oil (sludge), and fuel oil and lubricating oil accumulated on the bottom of marine tanks Oil content can be extracted from oily waste (bilge) in which seawater is emulsified. It is also effective in recovering crude oil that has drifted to coastal waters due to a crude oil spill accident and in cleaning contaminated soil.

[0021]

As described in detail above, the oil-aggregation separation type detergent of the present invention peels off the oil adhering to the surface of the article, and the oil droplets coagulate and separate from water, so that the oil can be easily removed. And can be reused repeatedly. Therefore, there is no environmental pollution and it is economical.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a state of washing an oil-aggregation separation type detergent to which the present invention is applied.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 is an oil, 2 is an oil drop, 3 is a cleaning liquid, 4 is an oil layer, and 5 is an article.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI theme coat ゛ (reference) C11D 3/08 C11D 3/08 F term (reference) 4D015 BA03 BA05 BA19 BB13 BB14 CA06 DA35 DA40 DB31 DB43 DC02 EA33 4D062 BA03 BA05 BB13 BB14 CA06 DA35 DA40 DB31 DB43 DC02 EA33 4H003 AA02 AB27 BA12 DA09 DA12 DA14 DA15 DB02 EA15 EA21 ED02 FA03 FA48

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A surfactant having a fluoroalkyl group as a hydrophobic group, 0.005 to 0.2 parts by weight, coconut oil alkyl sulfate 1 to 9 parts by weight, sodium silicate 15 to 35 parts by weight, water An oil-aggregation separation type detergent in which 4 to 14 parts by weight of sodium oxide is dissolved in water. 2. The oil-aggregation separation type detergent according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant having a fluoroalkyl group as a hydrophobic group is an anionic surfactant. 3. The oil-aggregated separation type detergent according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant having a fluoroalkyl group as a hydrophobic group is an amphoteric surfactant.